Cold region livestock and poultry manure strip stack type aerobic composting device capable of realizing synergism of membrane and bacteria

Abstract

The utility model relates to a strip stack type aerobic composting device for excrement of livestock and poultry in a cold region with synergic membrane and bacteria, belonging to the fields of livestock and poultry breeding industry in the cold region and organic fertilizer production. The problems that the compost environment temperature in the cold region is low, and compost cannot be rapidly heated are effectively solved. Comprising an electrochemical energy storage system, a converter, a controller, a temperature sensor, a heater, a covering film, a compost strip pile, a solar cell panel, a draught fan and a ventilation pipeline, the electrochemical energy storage system and the solar cell panel are electrically connected with the converter, and the converter is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the heater and the draught fan through the controller; the temperature sensor and the heater are installed on the inner side of the compost strip stack, the outer side of the compost strip stack is covered with the covering film, and the draught fan is connected with the compost strip stack through the ventilation pipeline. Solar energy is converted into heat energy and wind energy, auxiliary temperature increasing and ventilation aeration are provided for a compost body, a stable composting environment is created, composting is conducted efficiently, the fermentation treatment efficiency is high, and the resource utilization efficiency of solid waste is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a livestock and poultry excrement composting device, belonging to the field of cold-region livestock and poultry breeding and organic fertilizer production. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of agriculture and livestock and poultry farming, a large amount of agricultural and livestock waste is generated. Crop straw is burned on site, and untreated livestock and poultry manure is directly discharged into the natural environment, which will cause serious pollution of water, soil and air, and is a waste of resources. Therefore, the device for efficient resource utilization of agricultural and livestock solid waste has become a research hotspot and an important task to comprehensively promote rural revitalization and promote sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] Northeast China is an important base for agricultural and animal husbandry production. A large amount of solid waste such as livestock and poultry manure and crop straw is an important biomass resource with excellent recycling value. Under the joint action of multiple microorganisms, aerobic composting is used to treat solid waste. After the composting heating period, high temperature period, cooling period and maturity period, the organic matter in livestock and poultry manure that is not easily directly used by microorganisms is decomposed, thereby forming an organic fertilizer containing a large amount of stable humus. The aerobic composting method is used to treat solid waste, with a short maturity cycle, rich fertilizer, long-lasting fertilizer effect, low processing equipment cost and no secondary pollution to the environment, thereby achieving the important purpose of soil bioremediation.

[0004] Temperature is an important indicator of the aerobic composting process. The temperature of the windrow composting pile must be maintained above 55°C for at least 15 days. Since the lowest ambient temperature in the northeastern region in winter reaches below -30°C, the large-scale promotion of composting technology is affected. The treatment and operation of livestock and poultry manure in farms and composting plants has the problem of low pile temperature, difficulty in heating, and the heating requires a lot of energy, which makes it difficult to meet the prescribed technical specifications for livestock and poultry manure composting.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a cold-region livestock and poultry manure strip-type aerobic composting device that can coordinate membrane, bacteria, and energy to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the problem that the composting environment temperature in cold regions is low and the compost cannot be heated up quickly, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a cold-region livestock and poultry manure strip-type aerobic composting device that can cooperate with membrane, bacteria, and energy. A brief overview of the utility model is given below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the utility model. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the utility model. It is not intended to determine the key or important parts of the utility model, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model:

[0008] A cold-region livestock and poultry manure strip-type aerobic composting device that cooperates with membrane, bacteria and energy, comprises an electrochemical energy storage system, a converter, a controller, a temperature sensor, a heater, a covering film, a compost strip, a solar panel, a fan and a ventilation duct. The electrochemical energy storage system and the solar panel are electrically connected to the converter, the converter is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the heater and the fan through the controller, the temperature sensor and the heater are installed on the inner side of the compost strip, the outer side of the compost strip is covered with a covering film, and the fan is connected to the compost strip through the ventilation duct.

[0009] Preferably: a plurality of controllers connected in parallel are electrically connected to the converter, each compost pile is provided with a controller and a fan, and each compost pile is evenly installed with the same number of temperature sensors and heaters, and the temperature sensors and heaters are arranged alternately.

[0010] Preferably, the covering film is a degradable compost film or a nano-film made of straw fiber, and the covering film is fixed on the outside of the composting stack.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a pre-laid ventilation duct, which is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the composting strip pile, and has uniform ventilation holes processed on the pre-laid ventilation duct. The ventilation duct is connected to one end of the ventilation duct, and the other end of the ventilation duct is closed.

[0012] Preferably: it also includes a DC bus, a heater power supply harness, a temperature sensor harness, a ventilation sensor harness and a ventilation sensor, the converter is connected to the controller via the DC bus, the controller is connected to the heater via the heater power supply harness, the controller is connected to the temperature sensor via the temperature sensor harness, the controller is connected to the ventilation sensor via the ventilation sensor harness, and the ventilation sensor is arranged at the connection between the fan outlet and the ventilation duct.

[0013] Preferably: the converter is a multi-port DC-DC converter, the electrochemical energy storage system is a battery, the DC unidirectional port of the converter is electrically connected to the solar panel, the DC bidirectional port of the converter is electrically connected to the electrochemical energy storage system, and the AC unidirectional port of the converter is connected to the controller.

[0014] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The utility model comprehensively utilizes solar photovoltaic power generation to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and then provides a stable composting environment for livestock and poultry compost (initial pile material) through a heater, so that the composting can be carried out efficiently, avoiding a series of environmental problems caused by low livestock and poultry waste treatment efficiency due to low ambient temperature, thereby improving the resource utilization efficiency of solid waste such as livestock and poultry manure and crop straw;

[0016] The utility model utilizes abundant solar energy resources, combines solar photovoltaic power generation with modern rural planting and breeding industries, and provides new opportunities for protecting the environment, optimizing energy structure, and healthy industrial development, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0017] The utility model electrochemical energy storage system and solar panels exchange electric energy through a multi-port DC-DC converter, which solves the problem that the light intensity projected onto the solar panels is intermittent and fluctuating due to weather, day and night changes, seasonal changes and the like, resulting in unstable output power of the solar panels; the electrochemical energy storage system can smooth out the output fluctuation of the solar power generation system caused by weather and the like, store excess electric energy when the light is sufficient, release electric energy when the light is insufficient, make up for the problem of insufficient power generation of the solar panels, and continuously provide electric energy for the compost pile heating system when there is no light. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cold-region livestock and poultry manure windrow-type aerobic composting device that uses membrane, bacteria and energy in coordination;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ventilation duct;

[0020] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of composting of straw fiber biodegradable compost film;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of nanocomposting membrane composting;

[0022] Figure 5 Define the power flow direction for each port of a multi-port converter.

[0023] In the figure, 1-electrochemical energy storage system; 2-converter; 3-DC bus; 4-temperature controller; 5-heater power supply harness; 6-temperature sensor harness; 7-temperature sensor; 8-heater; 9-covering film; 10-composting stack; 11-solar panel; 12-fan; 13-ventilation sensor harness; 14-ventilation sensor; 15-ventilation duct; 16-ventilation duct inlet; 17-ventilation duct inlet; 18-pre-laid ventilation duct; 19-ventilation duct end closure; 20-ventilation pipeline; 21-ventilation hole; 22-inner cavity; 23-straw fiber degradable composting membrane; 24-nanomembrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model is described below by specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the utility model.

[0025] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figure 1-5 The present embodiment is described. The present embodiment is a membrane, bacteria, and energy-cooperative cold-region livestock and poultry manure strip-type aerobic composting device, comprising an electrochemical energy storage system 1, a converter 2, a controller 4, a temperature sensor 7, a heater 8, a covering film 9, a compost strip 10, a solar panel 11, a fan 12, and a ventilation duct 15. The electrochemical energy storage system 1 and the solar panel 11 are electrically connected to the converter 2. The converter 2 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 7, the heater 8, and the fan 12 through the controller 4. The temperature sensor 7 and the heater 8 are installed on the inner side of the compost strip 10. The outer side of the compost strip 10 is covered with a covering film 9. The heater 8 is installed on the inner side of the compost strip 10. An insulating aerogel felt is arranged between the compost 8 and the covering film 9, and the fan 12 is connected to the inner cavity 22 of the composting strip pile 10 through the ventilation duct 15; the utility model utilizes abundant solar energy resources, combines solar photovoltaic power generation (solar panel power generation) with modern rural planting and breeding industries, and provides new opportunities for protecting the environment, optimizing energy structure, and healthy industrial development; converts solar energy into heat energy and wind energy, provides auxiliary heating and ventilation aeration for the pile body, creates a stable composting environment, and composts efficiently, avoids the problem of long fermentation time and low processing efficiency caused by low ambient temperature, and improves the resource utilization efficiency of solid waste;

[0026] A plurality of controllers 4 connected in parallel are electrically connected to the converter 2. Each compost strip pile 10 is provided with a controller 4 and a fan 12. The controller 4 is used to control the temperature sensor 7 and the heater 8 on the corresponding compost strip pile 10. Three temperature sensors 7 and heaters 8 are evenly installed on each compost strip pile 10. The temperature sensors 7 and heaters 8 are arranged alternately along the axial direction. The temperature detection is accurate, and the control and monitoring are convenient. The fermentation work in multiple compost strip piles 10 can be realized at the same time. The solar cell panel 11 absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy, which can be directly powered. The electrochemical energy storage system 1 can store the electrical energy converted by the solar cell panel 11. , and supply power when needed, the temperature sensor 7 transmits the temperature information to the controller 4, when the temperature is low, the controller 4 controls the heater 8 to start heating, and when the required temperature is reached, the controller 4 receives the temperature information and controls the heater 8 to stop working; the utility model comprehensively utilizes solar photovoltaic power generation, converts solar energy into electrical energy, and then provides a stable composting environment for the initial pile material of livestock and poultry composting through the heater, so that the composting can be carried out efficiently, avoiding a series of environmental problems caused by low efficiency of livestock and poultry waste treatment due to low ambient temperature, thereby improving the resource utilization efficiency of solid waste such as livestock and poultry manure and crop straw;

[0027] The covering film 9 adopts the straw fiber degradable composting film 23 produced by Heilongjiang Jiele Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. or the nano film 24 produced by Shandong Xinguang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. The covering film 9 is fixed on the outside of the composting stack 10; the utility model applies the straw fiber degradable composting film to the composting process, with a cost of 0.5 yuan / m 2 , reducing odor and greenhouse gas emissions, which not only reduces environmental pollution but also significantly improves composting efficiency; the decomposition time of the straw fiber biodegradable composting film can be synchronized with the compost maturity time, and can be returned to the field at the same time as the compost product;

[0028] The covering film 9 is made of a straw fiber degradable compost film 23 or a nano film 24, and the covering film 9 covers the arc surface and both ends of the compost strip pile 10 to achieve sealing of the inner cavity 22;

[0029] The pre-laid ventilation duct 18 is also included. The pre-laid ventilation duct 18 is arranged on the windrow composting site and is located at the bottom of the inner cavity 22 of the compost windrow 10. The pre-laid ventilation duct 18 includes three or seven ventilation lines 20. The middle of the ventilation line is processed with uniform ventilation holes 21. The covering film 9 is processed with a ventilation duct inlet 16. The ventilation duct 15 passes through the ventilation duct inlet 16 and is connected to one end of the ventilation duct inlet 17. The other end of the ventilation duct inlet 17 is connected to one end of the ventilation line. The ventilation duct end 19 at the other end of the ventilation line 20 of the ventilation duct 18 is closed. The pile material of the mixture to be fermented is placed in the windrow composting site and covered with a nanofilm or a straw fiber degradable composting film. The fan 12 sequentially conveys air to the ventilation line 20 through the ventilation duct 15 and the ventilation duct inlet 17. The air enters the inner cavity 22 uniformly through the uniform ventilation holes 21. The ventilation sensor 14 detects the aeration volume and controls it at 0.05m 3 / min-0.2m 3 / min is based on per cubic meter of material. The ventilation sensor 14 transmits the aeration volume information to the controller 4, and the controller 4 controls the fan 12 to stop working, twice a day, each time for about 5 minutes;

[0030] It also includes a DC bus 3, a heater power supply harness 5, a temperature sensor harness 6, a ventilation sensor harness 13 and a ventilation sensor 14. The converter 2 is connected to the controller 4 through the DC bus 3, the controller 4 is connected to the heater 8 through the heater power supply harness 5, the controller 4 is connected to the temperature sensor 7 through the temperature sensor harness 6, the controller 4 is connected to the ventilation sensor 14 through the ventilation sensor harness 13, and the ventilation sensor 14 is arranged at the connection between the air outlet of the fan 12 and the ventilation duct 15. The fan needs the ventilation sensor to be connected to the compost strip pile; the utility model has a clever structure and high efficiency. While ensuring work efficiency and work quality, the cost is also low, which is convenient for promotion and application;

[0031] The converter 2 is a multi-port DC-DC converter, the electrochemical energy storage system 1 can be a lead-acid storage bottle, the DC unidirectional port of the converter 2 is electrically connected to the solar panel 11, the DC bidirectional port of the converter 2 is electrically connected to the electrochemical energy storage system 1, and the AC unidirectional port of the converter 2 is connected to the controller 4;

[0032] A solar photovoltaic panel solar panel 11 is used as a solar energy absorption device, and the heating temperature is adjusted according to different seasons / temperatures. For example, when the temperature is below 15-20°C, the temperature is adjusted to about 25°C; the electrochemical energy storage system 1 has two functions. One is to smooth the output fluctuation of the solar power generation system caused by weather and other reasons, so that the operation is stable, which is conducive to controlling the factors affecting fermentation and ensuring the normal progress of fermentation. The second is that when there is no light, it can continuously provide electricity for the fertilizer pile heating system. The electrochemical energy storage system 1 and the solar panel 11 exchange electricity through a multi-port DC-DC converter. The electrochemical energy storage port and the solar power generation input port are DC ports. In order to facilitate matching of heating control, fan controller and other equipment, the output port is an AC port;

[0033] The utility model comprehensively utilizes solar energy and covering film to realize aerobic composting of livestock and poultry manure in cold regions. Compost raw materials, compost conditioner and high-efficiency composting bacteria (composting fermentation bacteria) are put into a film, bacteria and energy-cooperative aerobic composting device for livestock and poultry manure in cold regions for composting and decomposition. The compost raw materials are animal manure from animal husbandry farms, biogas engineering biogas residue, solid byproducts of rice straw biopulping and / or solid byproducts that replace straw raw materials. The animal manure from animal husbandry farms is cow manure, pig manure, chicken manure, etc. The biogas engineering biogas residue is solid residue of biogas fermentation. The solid byproducts of rice straw biopulping include straw baling loam, straw stem and leaf crushed powder and other solid residues after fermentation. The main raw material of fertilizer and compost conditioner are broken crop straws, such as straw, rice straw, etc. Crop straws such as corn straw or rice straw are naturally dried and broken into 2cm-3.5cm blocks, preferably 3.5cm, and high-efficiency composting bacteria are used to fully ferment the crop straw to form broken crop straws to be used for composting; solar energy (energy), covering film (film) and high-efficiency composting bacteria (bacteria) are innovatively used in cold-region composting, which belongs to the field of cold-region livestock and poultry breeding and organic fertilizer production. The decomposition time of the straw fiber degradable composting film can be synchronized with the compost maturity time, and can be returned to the field at the same time as the compost product, which can effectively solve the problem of low environmental temperature of composting in cold regions and the inability of compost to heat up quickly.

[0034] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be arranged and combined, and those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of arrangement and combination. Therefore, the present utility model will no longer describe the technical solutions after arrangement and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after arrangement and combination have been disclosed by the present utility model.

[0035] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A cold-region livestock and poultry manure windrow aerobic composting device that uses membrane, bacteria and energy synergistically, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electrochemical energy storage system (1), a converter (2), a controller (4), a temperature sensor (7), a heater (8), a covering film (9), a compost pile (10), a solar panel (11), a fan (12) and a ventilation duct (15); the electrochemical energy storage system (1), the solar panel (11) and the converter (2) are electrically connected; the converter (2) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (7), the heater (8) and the fan (12) through the controller (4); the temperature sensor (7) and the heater (8) are installed on the inner side of the compost pile (10); the outer side of the compost pile (10) is covered with a covering film (9); and the fan (12) is connected to the compost pile (10) through the ventilation duct (15).

2. The membrane, bacteria and energy synergistic aerobic composting device for livestock and poultry manure in cold regions according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of controllers (4) connected in parallel are electrically connected to the converter (2); each compost bar pile (10) is provided with a corresponding controller (4) and a fan (12); each compost bar pile (10) is evenly provided with the same number of temperature sensors (7) and heaters (8); the temperature sensors (7) and heaters (8) are arranged alternately.

3. The membrane, bacteria and energy synergistic windrow aerobic composting device for livestock and poultry manure in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The covering film (9) is a straw fiber degradable compost film (23) or a nano film (24), and the covering film (9) is fixed on the outside of the compost strip stack (10).

4. A membrane, bacteria, and energy-synergistic windrow-type aerobic composting device for livestock and poultry manure in cold regions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a pre-laid ventilation duct (18), which is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity (22) of the composting pile (10), and has uniform ventilation holes (21) processed on the pre-laid ventilation duct (18). The ventilation duct (15) is connected to one end of the ventilation duct (18), and the other end of the ventilation duct (18) is closed.

5. The membrane, bacteria and energy synergistic aerobic composting device for livestock and poultry manure in cold regions according to claim 4 is characterized by: The invention also comprises a DC bus (3), a heater power supply harness (5), a temperature sensor harness (6), a ventilation sensor harness (13) and a ventilation sensor (14); the converter (2) is connected to the controller (4) via the DC bus (3); the controller (4) is connected to the heater (8) via the heater power supply harness (5); the controller (4) is connected to the temperature sensor (7) via the temperature sensor harness (6); the controller (4) is connected to the ventilation sensor (14) via the ventilation sensor harness (13); and the ventilation sensor (14) is arranged at the connection between the air outlet of the fan (12) and the ventilation duct (15).

6. The membrane, bacteria and energy synergistic windrow aerobic composting device for livestock and poultry manure in cold regions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The converter (2) is a multi-port DC-DC converter, the electrochemical energy storage system (1) is a storage battery, the DC unidirectional port of the converter (2) is electrically connected to the solar cell panel (11), the DC bidirectional port of the converter (2) is electrically connected to the electrochemical energy storage system (1), and the AC unidirectional port of the converter (2) is connected to the controller (4).

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