Mining recoverable pre-stress force-measuring anchor rod
By designing recyclable prestressed force-measuring anchors, using threaded connections and fiber optic stress sensors, the problem of inability to recover and insufficient anchoring force is solved, and a cost-effective support effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421329439.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-12
AI Technical Summary
The existing force measuring anchors cannot be recycled and reused, and the anchoring force in sand and gravel soil or sand layer areas is insufficient, resulting in poor support effect.
A recyclable prestressed force measurement anchor for mining is designed, using the anchor end end and the anchor rod body to be connected by thread, with a built-in fiber stress sensor and data acquisition device, and a limiting part and a piston are provided in the anchor end end. The liquid is used to push the limiter into the rock coal body to increase resistance. The tail of the anchor rod body is a regular hexagonal cylinder structure, which is easy to recover and reuse.
The recovery and secondary utilization of force-measuring anchor rods are realized, which reduces economic costs, enhances anchoring force and improves the support effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN222350739U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of anchor support monitoring, in particular to a recyclable prestressed force measuring anchor for mining. Background Art
[0002] Underground coal mining requires the excavation of a large number of tunnels underground. The basic purpose of tunnel support is to ease and reduce the movement of surrounding rock, so that the tunnel section does not shrink excessively, and at the same time prevent the scattered and damaged surrounding rock from falling. Anchor rods are a rod system structure for reinforcing rock and coal bodies. Through the longitudinal tension of the anchor rod body, the disadvantage that the tensile capacity of the rock and coal body is far lower than its compressive capacity is overcome. In coal mine tunnel support, anchor support is the main support method with the advantages of low cost, good support effect, and easy operation.
[0003] However, since anchor rods are hidden supports, the stress condition can only be judged by whether the exposed end of the anchor rod is broken, and the stress characteristics of the anchor rod cannot be intuitively understood. To overcome this problem, force measuring anchor rods are often used to monitor the stress changes during use. However, conventional force measuring anchor rods have the following problems: First, they cannot be recycled or reused. With the recovery of the working face, force measuring anchor rods are often left underground after monitoring, resulting in material waste; second, in gravel soil, blocky soil or sand layer areas, the anchoring force is insufficient when conventional anchor rods are used for reinforcement, and the support effect is poor.
[0004] Based on this, there is an urgent need to propose a new type of force measuring anchor rod to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content
[0005] The utility model aims to provide a recyclable prestressed force measuring anchor rod for mining, so as to replace the conventional force measuring anchor rod and realize the recyclability and secondary utilization of the force measuring anchor rod.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] A recyclable prestressed force measuring anchor rod for mining, comprising an anchoring end head, an anchor rod body and a data acquisition device;
[0008] The anchor end head is cylindrical and is used for anchoring in an anchor hole opened on the rock coal body; an internal thread is arranged in the anchor end head along the length direction;
[0009] The head of the anchor rod body is provided with an external thread, and an optical fiber stress sensor is provided inside the anchor rod body along the length direction;
[0010] External thread and internal thread match;
[0011] The data acquisition device is located outside the anchor hole, and a signal cable is connected between the data acquisition device and the optical fiber stress sensor.
[0012] Preferably, the length of the anchoring end is 1 / 3 of the length of the anchor rod body.
[0013] Preferably, the tail of the anchor rod body is a regular hexagonal column structure.
[0014] Preferably, a tray is pressed against the rock wall surface of the coal body, a round hole matching the anchor rod body is opened on the tray, and the tray is sleeved on the anchor rod body.
[0015] Preferably, an assembly hole is provided inside the anchor rod body along the length direction, the optical fiber stress sensor is arranged in the assembly hole, and a filler is arranged between the optical fiber stress sensor and the assembly hole.
[0016] Preferably, the anchoring end is also provided with a limiter and a piston;
[0017] The end of the anchoring end is provided with a sliding groove along the width direction, and the limit block is slidably matched in the sliding groove;
[0018] The piston is disposed in the end cap of the anchoring end and is located above the internal thread;
[0019] A flow channel is connected between the top of the anchor end and the sliding groove;
[0020] Liquid is arranged in the space between the inner end of the limiting member and the inner end of the piston.
[0021] Preferably, the limiting member is an iron block.
[0022] Preferably, the length of the external thread is greater than the length of the internal thread.
[0023] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0024] As described above, the utility model provides a recyclable prestressed force-measuring anchor rod for mining, wherein the anchor rod body and the anchor end head are fixed by threaded connection, and can be installed and removed according to demand to realize the recyclability and secondary utilization of the force-measuring anchor rod, and the anchor rod is easy to assemble, has low economic cost, strong practicality and is easy to recycle. In addition, when the preload force is applied, the internal thread of the anchor end head cooperates with the external thread of the anchor rod body to prevent falling off, and the limiter is inserted into the rock coal body under the push of the liquid, increasing the resistance between the anchor end and the rock coal body, so that the anchor rod has a better support effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.
[0026] Figure 1 This is a usage status diagram of a recoverable prestressed force measuring anchor rod for mining in an embodiment of the utility model.
[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchoring end in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram (top view) of the anchoring end in an embodiment of the utility model.
[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anchor rod body in an embodiment of the utility model.
[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the data acquisition device in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0031] Among them, 01-rock coal body, 10-anchor end, 11-internal thread, 12-iron block, 13-piston, 14-liquid, 20-anchor rod body, 21-external thread, 22-optical fiber stress sensor, 30-data acquisition device, 31-signal cable, 40-tray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.
[0033] Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0034] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.
[0035] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0036] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0037] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
[0038] Example:
[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a recyclable prestressed force measuring anchor for mining includes an anchoring end head 10, an anchor rod body 20 and a data acquisition device 30, and adopts an end head anchoring form.
[0040] definition Figure 1 The axial direction of the middle anchor rod is the length direction, and the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor rod is the width direction.
[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the anchoring end head 10 is cylindrical and is anchored in an anchor hole opened on the rock coal body 01 by an anchoring agent. The length of the anchoring end head 10 is 1 / 3 of the length of the anchor rod body 20. An internal thread 11 is provided in the anchoring end head 10 along the length direction, and the internal thread 11 can be used to connect the anchor rod body 20 with the anchoring end head 10, and prevent the anchor rod body 20 from falling off from the anchoring end head 10 after applying a pre-tightening force.
[0042] definition Figure 4 The upper portion of the middle anchor rod body 20 is the head portion of the anchor rod body 20 , and the lower portion of the anchor rod body 20 is the tail portion of the anchor rod body 20 .
[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the head of the anchor rod body 20 is provided with an external thread 21, and the length of the external thread 21 is greater than the length of the internal thread 11. The external thread 21 cooperates with the internal thread 11 to thread the head of the anchor rod body 20 into the anchor end 10.
[0044] The tail of the anchor rod body 20 is a regular hexagonal column structure, which is used to connect with the power head of a pneumatic rock drill. The outer thread 21 of the anchor rod is connected or separated with the inner thread 11 of the anchor end by the forward and reverse rotation of the pneumatic rock drill.
[0045] A tray 40 is pressed on the rock wall surface of the rock coal body 01. The tray 40 is provided with a round hole matching the anchor rod body 20. The tray 40 is sleeved on the anchor rod body 20 and pre-tightened using a tray lock to increase the anchoring force.
[0046] An assembly hole is provided inside the anchor rod body 20 along the length direction, and the optical fiber stress sensor 22 is arranged in the assembly hole. A filler is provided between the optical fiber sensor and the assembly hole to achieve the function of fixing the optical fiber stress sensor.
[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the data acquisition device 30 is located outside the anchor hole, and a signal cable 31 is connected between the data acquisition device 30 and the optical fiber stress sensor 22. The optical fiber stress sensor 22 converts the stress received into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is transmitted from the optical fiber stress sensor 22 to the data acquisition device 30 through the signal cable 31. The data acquisition device 30 then converts the electrical signal into stress data and stores it.
[0048] definition Figure 2 The upper part of the middle anchor end head 10 is the top of the anchor end head 10, the side where the iron block 12 contacts the liquid 14 is the outer end, the side where the iron block 12 contacts the coal body 01 is the inner end, the side where the piston 13 contacts the liquid 14 is the inner end, and the side where the piston 13 is away from the liquid 14 is the outer end.
[0049] To increase the anchoring force and improve the support effect. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the anchor end head 10 is also provided with a stopper and a piston 13. In this embodiment, the stopper is an iron block 12. The anchor end head 10 is provided with a sliding groove along the width direction. The iron block 12 slides in the sliding groove. The piston 13 is arranged in the anchor end head 10 and is located above the internal thread 11. Figure 2 A flow channel is connected between the top of the anchor end head 10 and the sliding groove, and a liquid 14 is arranged in the space between the inner end of the iron block 12 and the inner end of the piston 13, and the liquid 14 is incompressible.
[0050] During the process of combining the anchor rod body 20 and the anchor end head 10, when the external thread 21 contacts the outer end of the piston 13, continuing to apply the pre-tightening force will cause the piston 13 to move inward along the length direction of the anchor end head 10, and the inner end of the piston 13 squeezes the incompressible liquid 14. The liquid 14 is squeezed into the flow channel and exerts a force on the inner end of the iron block 12, causing the iron block 12 to move along the sliding groove into the rock coal body 01, and the outer end of the iron block 12 is inserted into the rock coal body 01, thereby increasing the resistance between the anchor end 10 and the rock coal body 01.
[0051] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the specific process of installing and removing the recyclable prestressed force measuring anchor rod for mining in this embodiment is as follows:
[0052] When installing the force measuring anchor rod, after drilling an anchor hole on the rock coal body 01, the anchoring agent is inserted into the hole.
[0053] The regular hexagonal column structure at the tail of the anchor rod body 20 is connected to the power head of the pneumatic rock drill. The pneumatic rock drill is rotated forward to apply a pre-tightening force so that the external thread 21 cooperates with the internal thread 11 to thread the head of the anchor rod body 20 into the anchor end 10.
[0054] After the anchor end head 10 and the anchor rod body 20 are simply installed, they are set in the drilled anchor hole, and the pneumatic rock drill is used to continue to apply pre-tightening force for fixing. When the external thread 21 contacts the outer end of the piston 13, the pre-tightening force applied again will cause the piston 13 to move inward along the length direction of the anchor end head 10, and the inner end of the piston 13 squeezes the incompressible liquid 14. The liquid 14 is squeezed into the flow channel and exerts a force on the inner end of the iron block 12, so that the iron block 12 moves along the sliding groove into the rock coal body 01, and finally the outer end of the iron block 12 is inserted into the rock coal body 01.
[0055] The anchor rod body 20 is passed through the circular hole on the tray 40 , so that the tray 40 is sleeved on the anchor rod body 20 , and then the tray lock is used for pre-tightening, and the tray 40 is pressed against the rock wall surface of the rock coal body 01 .
[0056] The data acquisition device 30 is connected to the optical fiber stress sensor 22 in the anchor rod body 20 by using a signal cable 31 , and the data acquisition device 30 is fixed on the rock wall of the rock coal body 01 .
[0057] When the force measuring anchor rod is to be removed, the signal cable 31 between the anchor rod body 20 and the data acquisition device 30 is unplugged by hand, the regular hexagonal column structure at the tail of the anchor rod body 20 is connected to the power head of the pneumatic rock drill, and the pneumatic rock drill is reversed for removal, and the anchoring end head 10 is separated from the force measuring anchor rod body 20. Only the anchoring end head 10 is left in the rock and coal body 01, and the rest of the parts can be recovered to achieve the reuse of the force measuring anchor rod.
[0058] So far, the present embodiment has been described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the recyclable prestressed force measuring anchor rod for mining of the present utility model. Of course, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings under the utility model concept, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model and should be protected by the present utility model.
Claims
1. A recyclable prestressed force measuring anchor for mining, comprising an anchoring end, an anchor rod body and a data acquisition device; characterized in that: The end head of the anchoring end is cylindrical and is used for anchoring in an anchoring hole opened in the rock coal body. An internal thread is arranged in the end head of the anchoring end along the length direction; The head of the anchor rod body is provided with an external thread, and an optical fiber stress sensor is provided inside the anchor rod body along the length direction; The external thread cooperates with the internal thread; The data acquisition device is located outside the anchor hole, and a signal cable is connected between the data acquisition device and the optical fiber stress sensor.
2. The recoverable prestressed force measuring anchor rod for mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length of the anchoring end is 1 / 3 of the length of the anchor rod body.
3. The recoverable prestressed force measuring anchor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail of the anchor rod body is a regular hexagonal column structure.
4. The recoverable prestressed force measuring anchor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tray is pressed on the rock wall surface of the rock coal body, a round hole matching with the anchor rod body is opened on the tray, and the tray is sleeved on the anchor rod body.
5. The recoverable prestressed force measuring anchor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: An assembly hole is provided inside the anchor rod body along the length direction, the optical fiber stress sensor is arranged in the assembly hole, and a filler is arranged between the optical fiber stress sensor and the assembly hole.
6. The recoverable prestressed force-measuring anchor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor end is also provided with a limiter and a piston; The anchor end head is provided with a sliding groove along the width direction, and the limiting member is slidably fitted in the sliding groove; The piston is arranged in the end head of the anchor end and is located above the internal thread; a flow channel is connected between the top of the end head of the anchor end and the sliding groove; Liquid is arranged in the space between the inner end of the limiting member and the inner end of the piston.
7. The recoverable prestressed force-measuring anchor for mining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting member is an iron block.
8. The recoverable prestressed force-measuring anchor for mining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the external thread is greater than the length of the internal thread.