Low-power-consumption circuit, power utilization system and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-power-consumption circuit, a power utilization system and a battery pack, and relates to the technical field of batteries, a first end of an on-off main body module is electrically connected with an auxiliary power supply end, and a second end is electrically connected with a circuit output end through a second diode; the third end of the on-off main body module is electrically connected with the second end of the control module; the first end of the control module is electrically connected with the second end of the comparison module; the first end of the comparison module is electrically connected with the main power supply end; the main power supply end is electrically connected with the circuit output end through the first diode. According to the utility model, the voltage of the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply is not limited, and the on-off of the on-off main body module is controlled by controlling the control module, so that the on-off control of the auxiliary power supply loop is realized. And the output voltage does not have the risk of transient reduction. And the problem of backflow between the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply is avoided. The whole circuit is simple in structure, low in power consumption and low in cost, and the requirement for mutual switching of the dual-power supply circuit is well met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a low-power consumption circuit, a power system and a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the operating states of the battery management system (BMS) are divided into shutdown mode or storage mode, working mode, sleep mode or low power mode.

[0003] Among them, there is basically no power consumption in shutdown mode or warehouse operation mode, while the power consumption is the highest in working mode. The power consumption in sleep mode or low power mode is lower than that in working mode.

[0004] The realization of low power consumption in sleep mode or low power mode requires both software processing and hardware circuit design optimization. Currently, there is a design of a power supply circuit proposed in the scenario of switching between working mode and sleep mode or low power mode.

[0005] However, some of the current power supply circuit structures cannot meet the requirements of mutual switching. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a new circuit that can meet the requirements of mutual switching and has low power consumption. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above problems, the utility model provides a low-power consumption circuit, a power system and a battery pack, which better solve the above problems.

[0007] The embodiment of the utility model provides a low power consumption circuit, which includes: a switching main body module, a control module, and a comparison module;

[0008] The on-off main module is electrically connected to the auxiliary power supply terminal and the control module respectively, and is electrically connected to the circuit output terminal through the second backfeed structure;

[0009] The control module is electrically connected to the comparison module and the auxiliary power supply terminal;

[0010] The comparison module is electrically connected to the main power supply terminal;

[0011] The main power supply end is electrically connected to the circuit output end through a first backfeed structure;

[0012] Wherein, the normal value of the main power supply voltage generated by the main power supply end is not less than the reference voltage in the comparison module.

[0013] Optionally, the first end of the on-off main module is electrically connected to the auxiliary power supply end and the third end of the control module, and the second end is electrically connected to the circuit output end through the second backfeed structure;

[0014] The third end of the on-off main module is electrically connected to the second end of the control module;

[0015] The first end of the control module is electrically connected to the second end of the comparison module;

[0016] The first terminal of the comparison module is electrically connected to the main power supply terminal.

[0017] Optionally, the first end of the comparison module is configured to receive the main power supply voltage and compare the real-time value of the main power supply voltage with the reference voltage;

[0018] The second end of the comparison module is configured to output different circuit states to the first end of the control module according to the comparison result of the first end of the comparison module;

[0019] The first end of the control module is configured to control the second end of the control module to output different circuit states to the third end of the switching main module based on the third end of the control module according to different circuit states;

[0020] The third end of the on-off main module is configured to control the on or off of the on-off main module according to different circuit states.

[0021] Optionally, the second end of the comparison module is configured to output a ground state to the first end of the control module when the real-time value is not less than the reference voltage, and to output a high impedance state to the first end of the control module when the real-time value is less than the reference voltage;

[0022] The first end of the control module is configured to transmit the auxiliary power supply terminal voltage to the second end of the control module through the third end thereof when receiving the grounding state, so as to control the second end of the control module to output the first state to the third end, and to cut off the auxiliary power supply terminal voltage transmitted to the second end of the control module through the third end thereof when receiving the high impedance state, so as to control the second end of the control module to output the second state to the third end of the on-off main module;

[0023] The third end of the on-off main module is configured to control the on-off main module to be turned off when the first state is received, and to control the on-off main module to be turned on when the second state is received;

[0024] Wherein, when the on-off main module is turned on, the auxiliary power supply end is configured to output the auxiliary power supply voltage to the circuit output end through the second backfeed structure;

[0025] When the on / off main module is turned off, the main power supply end is configured to output the main power supply voltage to the circuit output end through the first feedback structure, and the loop between the auxiliary power supply end and the circuit output end is disconnected.

[0026] Optionally, the switch main body module includes: a first switch; the third end of the switch main body module includes: a first driving unit and a protection unit;

[0027] Two ends of the first switch are electrically connected to the first end of the switch main body module and the second end of the switch main body module, respectively, and the third end of the first switch is electrically connected to the second end of the first drive unit and the protection unit, respectively;

[0028] The first end of the first driving unit is electrically connected to the first end of the switching main module, and the third end is electrically connected to the second end of the control module and the protection unit respectively;

[0029] One end of the protection unit is electrically connected to the first end of the switch main module, and the other end is electrically connected to the third end of the first switch, the second end of the control module, and the third end of the first drive unit respectively.

[0030] Optionally, the first end of the control module includes: a second driving unit; the second end of the control module includes: a second switch;

[0031] The first end of the second driving unit is electrically connected to the first end of the on-off main module, the second end is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch, and the third end is electrically connected to the second end of the comparison module;

[0032] The first end of the second switch is electrically connected to the first end of the on-off main module, and the second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the third end of the on-off main module.

[0033] Optionally, the first end of the comparison module includes: a third driving unit and a reference voltage setting unit; the second end of the comparison module includes: a third switch in the reference voltage setting unit;

[0034] The third driving unit is connected in series with the setting reference voltage unit;

[0035] The first end of the third driving unit is electrically connected to the main power supply end or the setting reference voltage unit, and the second end is electrically connected to the third end of the third switch and is grounded;

[0036] The first end of the third switch is electrically connected to the first end of the control module, and the second end of the third switch is electrically connected to the third end of the third driving unit.

[0037] Optionally, the first switch includes: a field effect transistor; the first driving unit includes: a first resistor and a second resistor; the protection unit includes: a third diode;

[0038] The first end and the second end of the field effect tube are electrically connected to the first end of the on-off main module and the second end of the on-off main module respectively, and the second end of the field effect tube is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor, the first end of the second resistor, the anode of the third diode, and the second end of the control module respectively;

[0039] The first end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the switch main module, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded;

[0040] The cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to the first end of the switching main module.

[0041] Optionally, the second driving unit includes: a third resistor and a fourth resistor; the second switch includes: a first transistor;

[0042] The first end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the switch main module, and the second end is electrically connected to the second end of the first transistor and the first end of the fourth resistor;

[0043] The first end of the first triode is electrically connected to the first end of the switching main module, and the third end is electrically connected to the third end of the switching main module;

[0044] The second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the comparison module.

[0045] Optionally, the third driving unit includes: a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor; the reference voltage setting unit includes: a fourth diode and the third switch; the third switch includes: a second triode;

[0046] The third end of the second triode is electrically connected to the first end of the control module, the second end is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth resistor and the anode of the fourth diode respectively, and the first end is electrically connected to the second end of the fifth resistor and is grounded;

[0047] The cathode of the fourth diode is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth resistor;

[0048] The second end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the main power supply end.

[0049] Optionally, the field effect transistor includes: an enhancement type PMOS transistor.

[0050] Optionally, the third diode is a Zener diode, and the voltage stabilization value thereof is determined based on: being smaller than the maximum allowable gate-source voltage of the field effect transistor;

[0051] The first resistor and the second resistor are both megohm-level resistors, and the resistance ratio between the first resistor and the second resistor satisfies: the gate-source voltage fully drives the field effect transistor to conduct without exceeding its maximum allowable voltage;

[0052] The first resistor is configured to release the gate-source parasitic capacitance energy of the field effect transistor;

[0053] The second resistor is configured as a current limiting resistor.

[0054] Optionally, a resistance ratio of the third resistor to the fourth resistor is not less than 1;

[0055] The third resistor is configured to release the energy of the PN junction capacitance from the second end to the first end of the first transistor;

[0056] The fourth resistor is configured as a current limiting resistor.

[0057] Optionally, the fourth diode is a Zener diode, and the voltage stabilization value thereof is determined according to:

[0058] Obtaining a difference between the reference voltage and a target voltage of the second transistor, wherein the target voltage refers to a voltage from the second end to the first end of the second transistor;

[0059] The resistance ratio of the fifth resistor to the sixth resistor is not less than 1;

[0060] The fifth resistor is configured to release the energy of the PN junction capacitance from the second end to the first end of the second transistor;

[0061] The sixth resistor is configured as a current limiting resistor.

[0062] Optionally, both the first back-feed structure and the second back-feed structure are Schottky diodes.

[0063] The embodiment of the utility model further provides an electric power system, the electric power system comprising: a battery pack and a device provided with electric energy by the battery pack;

[0064] The battery pack includes: any low-power consumption circuit as described above.

[0065] The present utility model also provides a battery pack, the battery pack comprising: a plurality of batteries, a battery management system and any one of the above-mentioned low-power circuits;

[0066] The low power consumption circuit is used to supply power to the battery management system;

[0067] The battery management system is used to manage the multiple batteries.

[0068] The low power consumption circuit provided by the utility model comprises: a switching main body module, a control module and a comparison module; wherein the switching main body module is electrically connected to the auxiliary power supply terminal and the control module respectively, and is electrically connected to the circuit output terminal through a second diode.

[0069] The control module is electrically connected to the comparison module; the comparison module is electrically connected to the main power supply end; the main power supply end is electrically connected to the circuit output end through the first diode; wherein the normal value of the main power supply voltage generated by the main power supply end is not less than the reference voltage in the comparison module.

[0070] The low-power circuit proposed in the utility model does not limit the voltage of the main and auxiliary power supplies, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the voltage actually required. The comparison module performs voltage comparison based on the reference voltage and the real-time value of the main power supply voltage, so that when the main power supply voltage is lower than or higher than the comparison reference value, the control module is used to control the on-off of the main module, thereby realizing the control of the on-off of the auxiliary power supply circuit.

[0071] When the main and auxiliary power supplies are switched to each other, if the real-time value of the main power supply voltage is not less than the reference voltage, the auxiliary power supply will not be switched to. If the real-time value of the main power supply voltage is less than the reference voltage, the auxiliary power supply will be switched to immediately. When the real-time value of the main power supply is not less than the reference voltage again, the main power supply will be switched back to the main power supply immediately. There is no risk of transient reduction in the output voltage. In addition, the presence of two diodes avoids the problem of backflow between the main and auxiliary power supplies. The entire circuit has a simple structure, low power consumption, and low cost, which well meets the requirements of switching between dual power supply circuits and has high practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The accompanying drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiment and are not considered to be limiting of the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0073] Figure 1 This is a modular schematic diagram of a low-power circuit according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0074] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a low-power consumption circuit in an embodiment of the utility model, taking specific components as an example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments, and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0076] The inventors found that battery packs are currently widely used as energy supply components, and are generally controlled by a battery management system (BMS). The main function of the BMS is to monitor the voltage, temperature, and charge and discharge current of each cell in the battery pack, to control the charge and discharge of the battery pack, to communicate with the robot host, and to balance the cells.

[0077] In order to improve the battery life, the battery power consumption should be reduced as much as possible to leave more energy for the equipment. Therefore, the low power consumption of BMS has become a key consideration in the design of the solution. At present, the industry divides the operating status of BMS into three modes:

[0078] 1) In shutdown mode or warehouse operation mode, the BMS has no function in this state, the main charging and discharging circuit is open, the entire system is in a power-off state, and the power consumption is minimal;

[0079] 2) Working mode: In this state, the BMS has all the functions designed by the solution, the whole system is in an active state, and the power consumption will reach the maximum value of the system power consumption;

[0080] 3) Sleep mode or low power mode. In this state, the BMS only has key functions and the power consumption is greatly reduced compared to the working mode.

[0081] Combining the above modes, the battery pack BMS forms the following operating logic: when the equipment is operating, the BMS is in working mode; when the equipment is finished and on standby, the BMS is in sleep mode or low-power mode; when the equipment is not used for a long time or is in transportation, the BMS is in shutdown mode or warehouse transportation mode.

[0082] The inventors further discovered that in order to meet the above-mentioned mode switching requirements, the current traditional circuit structure has a complex structure, high cost, and high power consumption.

[0083] In view of the above problems, the inventor has creatively proposed the low-power consumption circuit of the utility model after in-depth research, which solves the above problems well. The scheme of the utility model is specifically explained and illustrated below.

[0084] The low-power consumption circuit proposed in the utility model comprises: a switching main body module, a control module and a comparison module; the switching main body module is electrically connected to the auxiliary power supply terminal and the control module respectively, and is electrically connected to the circuit output terminal through a second diode; the control module is electrically connected to the comparison module and the auxiliary power supply terminal; the comparison module is electrically connected to the main power supply terminal; the main power supply terminal is electrically connected to the circuit output terminal through a first diode; wherein the normal value of the main power supply voltage generated by the main power supply terminal is not less than the reference voltage in the comparison module.

[0085] For specific connection relationships, refer to Figure 1 As shown in the modular schematic diagram, the low-power circuit includes: a switching main module 40, a control module 60, and a comparison module 50; the first end of the switching main module 40 is electrically connected to the auxiliary power supply terminal 20 and the third end of the control module 60, and the second end is electrically connected to the circuit output terminal 30 through the second feedback structure D2; the third end of the switching main module 40 is electrically connected to the second end of the control module 60.

[0086] The first end of the control module 60 is electrically connected to the second end of the comparison module 50; the first end of the comparison module 50 is electrically connected to the main power supply terminal 10; the main power supply terminal 10 is electrically connected to the main power supply terminal 10 through the first feedback structure D1 ( Figure 1 The two feedback structures are exemplarily represented by diodes D1 and D2) and are electrically connected to the circuit output terminal 30; wherein the comparison module 50, the control module 60 and the on-off main module 40 are configured to switch between the main power supply terminal 10 and the auxiliary power supply terminal 20 for power supply according to the relationship between the real-time value of the main power supply voltage generated by the main power supply terminal 10 and the reference voltage.

[0087] In general, the power supply of the battery pack BMS system with sleep mode in the working mode should be the main power supply, and the power supply in the sleep mode should be the auxiliary power supply. When the BMS switches between the working mode and the sleep mode, the low-power circuit of the utility model can be applied to switch the power supply between the main power supply 10 and the auxiliary power supply 20. The main power supply 10 and the auxiliary power supply 20 are independent of each other; in the working mode, the main power supply 10 supplies power, and after entering the sleep mode, the auxiliary power supply 20 supplies power.

[0088] Based on this concept, the first end in the comparison module 50 is configured to receive the main power supply voltage and compare the real-time value of the main power supply voltage with the reference voltage; the second end is configured to output different circuit states to the first end in the control module 60 according to the comparison result of its own first end.

[0089] The first end of the control module 60 is configured based on its own third end, and controls its own second end to output different circuit states to the third end of the on-off main module 40 according to different circuit states; the third end of the on-off main module 40 is configured to control the on or off of the on-off main module 40 according to different circuit states.

[0090] Specifically: the second end of the comparison module 50 is configured to output a ground state to the first end of the control module 60 when the real-time value is not less than the reference voltage, and to output a high-impedance state to the first end of the control module 60 when the real-time value is less than the reference voltage.

[0091] The first end of the control module 60 is configured to transmit the voltage provided by the auxiliary power supply terminal 10 to its second end through its third end when a grounding state is received, so as to control its second end to output the first state to the third end of the on-off main module 40, and to cut off the voltage provided by the auxiliary power supply terminal 10 transmitted to its second end through its third end when a high-impedance state is received, so as to control its second end to output the second state to the third end of the on-off main module 40.

[0092] The third end of the on-off main module 40 is configured to control the on-off main module 40 to be turned off when receiving the first state, and to control the on-off main module 40 to be turned on when receiving the second state; wherein, when the on-off main module 40 is turned on, the auxiliary power supply end 20 is configured to output the auxiliary power supply voltage to the circuit output end 30 through the second diode D2. Since once the main power supply voltage is less than the reference voltage, it will immediately switch to the auxiliary power supply for power supply. In this case, the main power supply may be electrically connected (but the voltage is less than the reference voltage) or directly without power. At this time, the auxiliary power supply has been connected to start supplying power, and the voltage is higher than the main power supply voltage at this time, and the main power supply power cannot flow through, which cleverly forms a smooth switching of the two power supplies.

[0093] When the on-off main module 40 is turned off, the main power supply terminal 10 is configured to output the main power supply voltage to the circuit output terminal 30 through the first diode D1, and the loop between the auxiliary power supply terminal 20 and the circuit output terminal 30 is disconnected.

[0094] In a preferred embodiment, the switch main body module 40 includes: a first switch; the third end of the switch main body module 40 includes: a first drive unit and a protection unit. The two ends of the first switch are electrically connected to the first end and the second end of the switch main body module 40, respectively, and the third end of the first switch is electrically connected to the second end of the first drive unit and the protection unit, respectively; the first end of the first drive unit is electrically connected to the first end of the switch main body module 40, and the third end is electrically connected to the second end of the control module 60 and the protection unit, respectively; one end of the protection unit is electrically connected to the first end of the switch main body module 40, and the other end is electrically connected to the third end of the first switch, the second end of the control module 60, and the third end of the first drive unit, respectively.

[0095] In a preferred embodiment, the first end of the control module 60 includes: a second drive unit; the second end of the control module 60 includes: a second switch. The first end of the second drive unit is electrically connected to the first end of the on-off main module 40, the second end is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch, and the third end is electrically connected to the second end of the comparison module 50; the first end of the second switch is electrically connected to the first end of the on-off main module 40, and the second end is electrically connected to the third end of the on-off main module 40.

[0096] In a preferred embodiment, the first end of the comparison module 50 includes: a third driving unit and a reference voltage setting unit; the second end of the comparison module 50 includes: a third switch in the reference voltage setting unit. The third driving unit is connected in series with the reference voltage setting unit; the first end of the third driving unit is electrically connected to the main power supply end or the reference voltage setting unit, and the second end is electrically connected to the third end of the third switch and grounded; the first end of the third switch is electrically connected to the first end of the control module 60, and the second end is electrically connected to the third end of the third driving unit.

[0097] In order to better explain and illustrate the above structure, refer to Figure 2 The structure diagram of the low power consumption circuit shown in FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the low power consumption circuit using specific components as an example. For the on-off main module 40, the first switch includes: a field effect transistor, Figure 2 The enhanced PMOS transistor Q1 is taken as an example. The first driving unit includes: a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2; the protection unit includes: a third diode D3.

[0098] The source and drain ends of the field effect transistor Q1 are electrically connected to the first and second ends of the on-off main module 40, respectively, and the gate end of the field effect transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, the first end of the second resistor R2, the anode of the third diode D3, and the second end of the control module 60 (that is, the collector of the first transistor Q2).

[0099] The first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the first end of the switching main module 40 , and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded; the cathode of the third diode D3 is electrically connected to the first end of the switching main module 40 .

[0100] Among them, the third diode D2 is preferably selected as a Zener diode, and its voltage regulation value is based on: less than the maximum allowable gate-source voltage of the field effect tube. The best is that its voltage regulation value is slightly less than the maximum allowable gate-source voltage of the field effect tube, so as to protect the field effect tube Q1.

[0101] The first resistor and the second resistor are preferably both megohm-level resistors, and the resistance ratio between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 satisfies: the gate-source voltage fully drives the field effect tube to turn on without exceeding its maximum allowable voltage, which not only can fully drive the drive to turn on, but also will not cause damage to it.

[0102] In addition, the first resistor R1 is configured to release the gate-source parasitic capacitance energy of the field effect transistor; the second resistor R2 is configured as a current limiting resistor, both of which are for protecting the field effect transistor Q1.

[0103] For the control module 60, the second driving unit includes: a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4; the second switch includes: a first transistor Q2, Figure 2 The PNP transistor is used as an example to illustrate.

[0104] The first end of the third resistor R1 is electrically connected to the first end of the on-off main module 40, and the second end is electrically connected to the base of the first transistor Q2 and the first end of the fourth resistor R4; the emitter of the first transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the first end of the on-off main module 40, and the collector is electrically connected to the third end of the on-off main module 40; the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the second end of the comparison module 50 (i.e., the collector of the second transistor Q3).

[0105] Among them, the resistance ratio of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 is not less than 1, so as to ensure that the first transistor Q2 can perform its function normally; the third resistor R3 is configured to release the energy of the PN junction capacitance from the base to the emitter of the first transistor Q2; the fourth resistor R4 is configured as a current limiting resistor, so as to protect the first transistor Q2 from damage.

[0106] For the comparison module 50, the third driving unit includes: a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6; the reference voltage setting unit includes: a fourth diode D4 and a third switch; the third switch includes: a second transistor Q3, Figure 2 The NPN transistor is used as an example to illustrate.

[0107] The collector of the second transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the first end of the on-off main module 40 (i.e., the second end of the fourth resistor R4), the base is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R5 and the anode of the fourth diode Q4 respectively, and the emitter is electrically connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5 and grounded; the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth resistor R6; and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected to the main power supply terminal 10.

[0108] It should be noted that the fourth diode Q4 can also be arranged between the main power supply 10 and the sixth resistor R6, which is essentially the same as Figure 2 The structures shown are exactly the same.

[0109] In the comparison module 50, the fourth diode D4 is preferably a Zener diode, and the voltage stabilization value thereof is based on: finding the difference between the reference voltage and the target voltage of the second transistor Q3, where the target voltage refers to the voltage from the base to the emitter of the second transistor. That is, the reference voltage is V D4 +V Q3be (V D4 Represents the voltage regulation value of the fourth diode D4; V Q3be Represents the base-emitter voltage of the second transistor Q3). The best choice for the reference voltage is slightly lower than the main power supply voltage, so that the problem of output voltage reduction at the switching moment will not occur.

[0110] The resistance ratio of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 is not less than 1, so as to ensure that the second transistor Q3 can perform its function normally; the fifth resistor R5 is configured to release the energy of the base-to-emitter PN junction capacitance of the second transistor Q3; the sixth resistor R6 is configured as a current limiting resistor, so as to protect the second transistor Q3 from damage.

[0111] In addition, in order to avoid the problem of backflow between the main and auxiliary power supplies, a first diode D1 and a second diode D2 are provided, so that backflow will not occur regardless of whether the main power supply or the auxiliary power supply is provided. The preferred choice of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 is a Schottky diode, which can better reduce the loss.

[0112] Combination Figure 2 The circuit structure shown in the figure, the working principle of the low power consumption circuit proposed by the utility model is as follows:

[0113] When the main power supply is normally supplied (e.g. 5V), its voltage value should be greater than the reference voltage (e.g. 4.3V). At this time, the second transistor Q2 is turned on, and the output of the comparison module 50 is pulled to the ground, so that the resistors R3 and R4 in the control module 60 are grounded, and the voltage of this branch is 0. The emitter of the first transistor Q2 receives the auxiliary power supply voltage (e.g. 11V), and the first transistor Q2 is turned on. At this time, the gate-source voltage of the PMOS tube Q1 is zero, and the PMOS tube Q1 is turned off, so that the power supply loop between the auxiliary power supply 20 and the circuit output terminal 30 is cut off.

[0114] When the main power supply 10 is cut off or the power supply is insufficient and the voltage is lower than the reference voltage at the moment, the second transistor in the comparison module 50 is not turned on and is in the off state. Then the output of the comparison module 50 is in a high impedance state. At this time, the first transistor Q2 in the control module 60 is also turned off, and the output of the control module 60 is also in a high impedance state.

[0115] The auxiliary voltage of the auxiliary power supply 20 is divided by the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, so that the gate-source voltage of the PMOS tube Q1 exceeds its turn-on voltage V th, the PMOS tube Q1 immediately reaches the on state, the auxiliary power supply circuit is turned on, and the auxiliary power supply 20 starts to supply power.

[0116] When the main power supply 10 resumes normal power supply or is higher than the reference voltage at the moment of recovery from insufficient power supply, the output of the comparison module 50 is immediately pulled to the ground, so that the resistors R3 and R4 in the control module 60 are grounded, the voltage of this branch is 0, and the emitter of the first transistor Q2 receives the auxiliary power supply voltage, so the first transistor Q2 is turned on. At this time, the gate-source voltage of the PMOS tube Q1 becomes zero again, and the PMOS tube Q1 is turned off, so that the power supply loop between the auxiliary power supply 20 and the circuit output terminal 30 is immediately cut off.

[0117] It should also be noted that Figure 2 The specific components shown are specific examples for a better understanding of the circuit structure, and do not mean that the circuit structure of the present invention can only be these components. Based on the disclosure of the above technical solution, those skilled in the art can obtain components or circuit structures with the same functions (for example, replacing diodes D1 and D2 with field effect transistors, etc.) through simple reasoning, and they all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0118] From the above explanations and descriptions, we can see that:

[0119] Different from the traditional circuit structure, the circuit structure of the utility model does not limit the voltage of the main and auxiliary power supplies, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the voltage actually required by the system. Regardless of the voltage of the main and auxiliary power supplies, the reference voltage can be flexibly adjusted, so that when the main circuit voltage is lower than or higher than the reference voltage, the control module is controlled to control the on and off of the PMOS tube Q1 in the on-off main module to achieve control of the on and off of the auxiliary power supply circuit, which can perfectly avoid the limitation of the auxiliary power supply voltage not being higher than the main power supply voltage in the first solution.

[0120] When the circuit structures of the utility model are switched, there is no risk of transient reduction in the output voltage, and the phenomenon of backflow of the dual power supply circuits is avoided. It is only necessary to adjust the voltage stabilization value of the fourth diode D4 in the comparison module, and by adjusting the voltage stabilization value of the fourth diode D4 and combining the voltage drop from the base to the emitter of the second transistor Q3, the reference voltage is slightly lower than the main power supply voltage.

[0121] When the main power supply circuit stops supplying power, as long as the main power supply output is lower than the reference voltage, it can immediately switch to the auxiliary power supply circuit for power supply; when the main power supply circuit starts supplying power, as long as the main power supply output is higher than the reference voltage, it can immediately switch to the main power supply circuit for power supply. The setting of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 prevents mutual backflow of low-power circuits.

[0122] The circuit structure of the utility model is as explained and illustrated above, and the ingenious circuit construction achieves the same effect as the traditional complex circuit structure, but the overall structure is simpler, which greatly reduces the risk of failure and cost.

[0123] Based on the above-mentioned low-power circuit, an embodiment of the utility model further proposes an electric power system, which includes: a battery pack and a device whose electric energy is provided by the battery pack; the battery pack includes: any of the above-mentioned low-power circuits.

[0124] Based on the above-mentioned low-power circuit, an embodiment of the utility model also proposes a battery pack, which includes: multiple batteries, a battery management system and any of the low-power circuits described above; the low-power circuit is used to supply power to the battery management system; the battery management system is used to manage the multiple batteries.

[0125] Through the above embodiments, the low-power circuit proposed by the utility model does not limit the voltage of the main and auxiliary power supplies, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the voltage actually required. The comparison module performs voltage comparison based on the reference voltage and the real-time value of the main power supply voltage, so that when the main power supply voltage is lower than or higher than the comparison reference value, the control module is used to control the on-off of the main module, thereby realizing the control of the on-off of the auxiliary power supply circuit.

[0126] When the main and auxiliary power supplies are switched, if the real-time value of the main power supply voltage is not less than the reference voltage, the auxiliary power supply will not be switched. If the real-time value of the main power supply voltage is less than the reference voltage, the auxiliary power supply will be switched immediately. When the real-time value of the main power supply is not less than the reference voltage again, the main power supply will be switched back immediately. There is no risk of transient reduction in the output voltage. The existence of two diodes avoids the problem of backflow between the main and auxiliary power supplies. The entire circuit has a simple structure, low power consumption, and low cost. It meets the requirements of switching between dual power supply circuits and has high practicality.

[0127] Although the preferred embodiments of the utility model embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the utility model embodiments.

[0128] Finally, it should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or terminal device including the elements.

[0129] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and introduced in detail. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A low power consumption circuit, characterized in that: The low power consumption circuit comprises: a switching main body module, a control module, and a comparison module; The on-off main module is electrically connected to the auxiliary power supply terminal and the control module respectively, and is electrically connected to the circuit output terminal through the second backfeed structure; The control module is electrically connected to the comparison module and the auxiliary power supply terminal; The comparison module is electrically connected to the main power supply terminal; The main power supply end is electrically connected to the circuit output end through a first backfeed structure; Among them, the comparison module, the control module and the on-off main module are configured to switch either the main power supply end or the auxiliary power supply end for power supply according to the relationship between the real-time value of the main power supply voltage generated by the main power supply end and the reference voltage.

2. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end of the switch main module is electrically connected to the auxiliary power supply end and the third end of the control module, and the second end is electrically connected to the circuit output end through the second backfeed structure; The third end of the on-off main module is electrically connected to the second end of the control module; The first end of the control module is electrically connected to the second end of the comparison module; The first terminal of the comparison module is electrically connected to the main power supply terminal.

3. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first end of the comparison module is configured to receive the main power supply voltage and compare the real-time value of the main power supply voltage with the reference voltage; The second end of the comparison module is configured to output different circuit states to the first end of the control module according to the comparison result of the first end of the comparison module; The first end of the control module is configured to control the second end of the control module to output different circuit states to the third end of the switching main module based on the third end of the control module according to different circuit states; The third end of the on-off main module is configured to control the on or off of the on-off main module according to different circuit states.

4. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second end of the comparison module is configured to output a ground state to the first end of the control module when the real-time value is not less than the reference voltage, and to output a high impedance state to the first end of the control module when the real-time value is less than the reference voltage; The first end of the control module is configured to transmit the auxiliary power supply terminal voltage to the second end of the control module through the third end thereof when receiving the grounding state, so as to control the second end of the control module to output the first state to the third end of the switching main module, and to cut off the auxiliary power supply terminal voltage transmitted to the second end of the control module through the third end thereof when receiving the high impedance state, so as to control the second end of the control module to output the second state to the third end of the switching main module; The third end of the on-off main module is configured to control the on-off main module to be turned off when the first state is received, and to control the on-off main module to be turned on when the second state is received; Wherein, when the on-off main module is turned on, the auxiliary power supply end is configured to output the auxiliary power supply voltage to the circuit output end through the second backfeed structure; When the on / off main module is turned off, the main power supply end is configured to output the main power supply voltage to the circuit output end through the first backfeed structure, and the loop between the auxiliary power supply end and the circuit output end is disconnected.

5. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch main body module includes: a first switch; the third end of the switch main body module includes: a first driving unit and a protection unit; Two ends of the first switch are electrically connected to the first end of the switch main body module and the second end of the switch main body module, respectively, and the third end of the first switch is electrically connected to the second end of the first drive unit and the protection unit, respectively; The first end of the first driving unit is electrically connected to the first end of the switching main module, and the third end is electrically connected to the second end of the control module and the protection unit respectively; One end of the protection unit is electrically connected to the first end of the switch main module, and the other end is electrically connected to the third end of the first switch, the second end, and the third end of the first drive unit respectively.

6. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first end of the control module includes: a second driving unit; the second end of the control module includes: a second switch; The first end of the second driving unit is electrically connected to the first end of the on-off main module, the second end is electrically connected to the third end of the second switch, and the third end is electrically connected to the second end of the comparison module; The first end of the second switch is electrically connected to the first end of the on-off main module, and the second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the third end of the on-off main module.

7. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first end of the comparison module includes: a third driving unit and a reference voltage setting unit; the second end of the comparison module includes: a third switch in the reference voltage setting unit; The third driving unit is connected in series with the setting reference voltage unit; The first end of the third driving unit is electrically connected to the main power supply end or the setting reference voltage unit, and the second end is electrically connected to the third end of the third switch and is grounded; The first end of the third switch is electrically connected to the first end of the control module, and the second end of the third switch is electrically connected to the third end of the third driving unit.

8. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first switch includes: a field effect tube; the first driving unit includes: a first resistor and a second resistor; the protection unit includes: a third diode; The first end and the third end of the field effect tube are electrically connected to the first end of the on-off main module and the second end of the on-off main module respectively, and the second end of the field effect tube is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor, the first end of the second resistor, the anode of the third diode, and the second end of the control module respectively; The first end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the switch main module, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded; The cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to the first end of the switching main module.

9. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second driving unit includes: a third resistor and a fourth resistor; the second switch includes: a first transistor; The first end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the switch main module, and the second end is electrically connected to the second end of the first transistor and the first end of the fourth resistor; The first end of the first triode is electrically connected to the first end of the switch main module, and the third end is electrically connected to the third end; The second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the comparison module.

10. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third driving unit includes: a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor; the reference voltage setting unit includes: a fourth diode and the third switch; the third switch includes: a second triode; The third end of the second triode is electrically connected to the first end of the control module, the second end is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth resistor and the anode of the fourth diode respectively, and the first end is electrically connected to the second end of the fifth resistor and is grounded; The cathode of the fourth diode is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth resistor; The second end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the main power supply end.

11. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The field effect tube includes: an enhanced PMOS tube.

12. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The third diode is a Zener diode, and the voltage stabilization value thereof is determined based on: being smaller than the maximum allowable gate-source voltage of the field effect tube; The resistance ratio between the first resistor and the second resistor satisfies: the gate-source voltage fully drives the field effect transistor to conduct without exceeding its maximum allowable voltage; The first resistor is configured to release the gate-source parasitic capacitance energy of the field effect transistor; The second resistor is configured as a current limiting resistor.

13. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The resistance ratio of the third resistor to the fourth resistor is not less than 1; The third resistor is configured to release the energy of the PN junction capacitance from the second end to the first end of the first transistor; The fourth resistor is configured as a current limiting resistor.

14. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The fourth diode is a Zener diode, and the voltage stabilization value thereof is based on: Obtaining a difference between the reference voltage and a target voltage of the second transistor, wherein the target voltage refers to a voltage from the second end to the first end of the second transistor; The resistance ratio of the fifth resistor to the sixth resistor is not less than 1; The fifth resistor is configured to release the energy of the PN junction capacitance from the second end to the first end of the second transistor; The sixth resistor is configured as a current limiting resistor.

15. The low power consumption circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first back-feed structure and the second back-feed structure are both Schottky diodes.

16. An electricity system, characterized in that: The power system includes: a battery pack and a device provided with power by the battery pack; The battery pack comprises: a low-power consumption circuit as described in any one of claims 1-15.

17. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack comprises: a plurality of batteries, a battery management system and a low-power consumption circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15; The low power consumption circuit is used to supply power to the battery management system; The battery management system is used to manage the multiple batteries.

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