Track fastener service state inspection trolley based on DIC

Abstract

The utility model discloses a track fastener service state inspection trolley based on a DIC, which comprises an inspection trolley capable of advancing along a track, a DIC system matched on the inspection trolley and a vibration exciter used for exciting the track, and a digital camera of the DIC system can be used for detecting speckle images on the surface of a track fastener component before and after the track is excited. According to the inspection trolley provided with the DIC system, the track is excited through the vibration exciter installed on the inspection trolley, so that a digital camera of the DIC system can collect speckle images on the surface of a track fastener part before and after the track is excited, and finally three-dimensional coordinates, displacement and strain data of the track fastener are obtained. The service state of the track fastener can be effectively detected; according to the utility model, the non-contact full-field measurement capability and the high-precision detection capability of the DIC technology are utilized, so that the inspection trolley can effectively identify the stress state of the track fastener in the inspection process, the inspection trolley is more convenient and labor-saving, the accuracy and efficiency of the service state detection of the track fastener in the skylight time can be improved, and the inspection efficiency of the track fastener is improved. Maintenance efficiency is improved, and train operation safety is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of track engineering, in particular to a DIC-based track fastener service status inspection trolley. Background Art

[0002] Rail fasteners are an important part of the rail system, mainly used to connect rails and sleepers. They can effectively provide buffering and shock absorption effects, and improve the stability and comfort of the rails. Rail fasteners that have been in service for a long time and exposed to complex environments are prone to breakage, movement, intrusion, or functional degradation. In order to ensure the safety and efficiency of rail transportation, the service status detection of rail fasteners is of great significance.

[0003] In daily maintenance, the common method of fastener status detection is still manual slow walking and detailed inspection, which is inefficient and the accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology for service status detection of rail fasteners with high efficiency and higher detection accuracy. Digital image correlation method, namely DIC technology, has been widely used in many fields such as machinery, civil engineering, aviation, etc. due to its high precision, good environmental adaptability and high degree of automation. DIC technology is an advanced, non-contact modern optical measurement experimental technology. It uses a high-speed camera to track the speckle image on the surface of the object to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates, displacement and strain data of the object surface during the deformation process. However, there is no technology to apply DIC to the service status detection of rail fasteners. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, based on the above background, the utility model provides a DIC-based rail fastener service status inspection trolley and a detection method thereof. The utility model's inspection trolley equipped with a DIC system can utilize the non-contact full-field measurement capability and high-precision detection capability of the DIC technology, so that during the inspection process the inspection trolley can effectively identify the stress state of the rail fasteners, which is not only more convenient and saves manpower, but also can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the rail fastener service status detection within the window time, improve the maintenance efficiency, and ensure the safety of train operation.

[0005] The technical solution provided by the utility model is:

[0006] A DIC-based rail fastener service status inspection vehicle, comprising:

[0007] The inspection vehicle comprises a vehicle body, wherein the vehicle body comprises a vehicle body, and an axle connected to the vehicle body, and wheels are installed at the ends of the axle, and the wheels on both sides can respectively correspond to the rail heads of the rails on both sides.

[0008] The exciter is mounted on the vehicle body and is used to excite the track;

[0009] The DIC system includes a light source, a digital camera, a control system, and a data processing device; the digital camera is used to capture the speckle image on the surface of the rail fastener component before and after the rail is excited;

[0010] TMD tuned mass damper is installed on the vehicle body to reduce the interference of structural vibration on the DIC system.

[0011] One implementation method is that the number of the digital cameras is at least 5 groups, with 2 cameras in each group. The digital cameras in each group are symmetrically installed on both sides of the vehicle body, at least one group of digital cameras is installed at the front end of the vehicle body, at least 2 groups of digital cameras are arranged on the inner and outer sides of the axis of the front wheels, and at least 2 groups of digital cameras are arranged on the inner and outer sides of the axis of the rear wheels.

[0012] In one implementation, the DIC system includes an alarm, and the alarm is electrically connected to the data processing device.

[0013] In one implementation, the alarm is a buzzer or a warning flash light.

[0014] In one implementation manner, the data processing device includes a computer.

[0015] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The utility model is equipped with a DIC system, and the inspection trolley is used to excite the track by means of a vibrator installed on the inspection trolley, so that the digital camera of the DIC system can collect speckle images on the surface of the track fastener components before and after the track is excited, and finally obtain the three-dimensional coordinates, displacement and strain data of the track fastener surface, so as to effectively detect the service status of the track fastener; the utility model utilizes the non-contact full-field measurement capability and high-precision detection capability of the DIC technology, so that the inspection trolley can effectively identify the stress state of the track fastener during the inspection process, which is not only more convenient and saves manpower, but also can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the service status detection of the track fastener during the window time, improve the maintenance efficiency, and ensure the safety of train operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal schematic diagram of the structure of the inspection vehicle of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inspection vehicle of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the WJ-7 type fastener;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of WJ-7 type fastener;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the relative position relationship among the inspection trolley, the track, the track fasteners and the sleepers in the non-wheel position;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the relative position relationship among the inspection trolley, track, track fasteners and sleepers at the wheel position;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inspection vehicle of Example 2;

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the axle structure;

[0026] In the figure, the reference numerals are: 1. inspection trolley, 11. vehicle body, 2. track, 3. track fasteners, 4. sleepers, 5. control system, 6. digital camera, 7. TMD tuned mass damper, 8. exciter, 9. wheel, 10. axle, 101. axle shaft; 102. fixed bushing; 103 motor, 104. connecting shaft, 11. hydraulic telescopic controller, 12. telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0030] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] It is well known in the art that rail fasteners include spring bars, pads, bolts, and gauge baffles.

[0032] Example 1: Reference Figures 1 to 6 A DIC-based rail fastener service status inspection vehicle is shown, comprising:

[0033] The inspection vehicle 1 comprises a vehicle body, wherein the vehicle body comprises a body 11, and an axle 10 connected to the body. Wheels 9 are respectively installed at both ends of the axle 10, and the wheels 9 on both sides can respectively correspond to the rail heads of the rails on both sides.

[0034] The exciter 8 is mounted on the vehicle body and is used to excite the track. The vibration generated by the excitation is transmitted to the bottom of the track.

[0035] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the vibration exciter 8 is arranged at the lower part of the vehicle body corresponding to the frame on the transverse axis of the wheel; the vibration exciter can change the stress state of the track, thereby affecting the stress state of the track fastener 3.

[0036] The DIC system includes a light source, a digital camera 6, a control system 5, and a data processing device; the digital camera is used to capture the speckle image of the surface of the track fastener 3 before and after the track is excited; in specific implementation, the control system 5 includes a single chip microcomputer, the light source includes an illuminator, and provides lighting for the shooting of the digital camera 6, the control system is electrically connected to the digital camera 6, and the function of the control system is mainly to process and control the collected data, the signal output end of the control system is electrically connected to the signal input end of the digital camera, and the signal input end of the control system is electrically connected to the signal output end of the digital camera, and the control system can receive image data from the digital camera, and adjust the shooting parameters according to preset parameters or real-time feedback, such as focus or exposure time, to ensure image quality and measurement accuracy. Specifically, the connection between the digital camera, the control system, and the data processing device can be realized through a dedicated interface and protocol. For example, the digital camera can be connected to the control system using a Camera Link interface, which supports high-speed data transmission and low-latency control signal transmission. At the same time, the control system can also be connected to the data through a network or other communication protocols (such as industrial Ethernet), which is common knowledge and will not be repeated here.

[0037] The signal output end of the digital camera is electrically connected to a data processing device, and the data processing device receives the image data transmitted by the digital camera, processes the image data, and determines the damage condition of the rail fastener.

[0038] The digital cameras are high-speed cameras with different frame rates. High-speed cameras usually use advanced image stabilization technologies, such as optical image stabilization (OIS) and electronic image stabilization (EIS). OIS offsets camera shake by adjusting the position of lens elements or sensors, while EIS crops and adjusts images through post-processing to reduce image blur. In addition, there is hybrid image stabilization (HIS), which combines the advantages of OIS and EIS to provide dual stability of hardware and software. For example, Deep Vision Intelligent's domestically produced high-speed cameras can meet extremely high frame rate and resolution measurement requirements, thereby improving the stability and clarity of shooting.

[0039] The digital camera lens adopts an automatic zoom lens to achieve fully automatic zoom and focus, ensuring fast zoom and focus while maintaining high-precision repeatability and stability. For example, a tunable optical system or full-pixel dual-core CMOS AF technology is used to achieve high-speed focus, such as the Huawei Pura 50 Ultra's super-focus telescopic camera, which supports high-speed flash shooting function, especially suitable for shooting objects moving at high speed at a long distance. At the same time, this technology also supports a telephoto macro camera with a 35x macro zoom capability.

[0040] TMD tuned mass damper 7, the main function of the TMD tuned mass damper is to reduce the interference of structural vibration on the DIC system, and the specific installation position of the TMD tuned mass damper can be located on the vehicle body between the front wheel and the rear wheel.

[0041] One implementation method is that the number of the digital cameras 6 is at least 5 groups, each group has 2 cameras, and the digital cameras of each group are symmetrically installed on both sides of the vehicle body. At least one group of digital cameras 6 is installed at the front end of the vehicle body, and at least two of the digital cameras are set inside and outside the axis of the front wheel, and at least two of the digital cameras are set inside and outside the axis of the rear wheel. Specifically, the digital camera is installed on the bottom surface of the vehicle body through a camera hanging frame (not shown, this is a conventional technology), and the lens of the digital camera faces downward to shoot. More specifically, the digital camera can rotate 360 ​​degrees.

[0042] The DIC system includes an alarm, which is electrically connected to a data processing device. The alarm is a buzzer or a warning flash. The signal output end of the data processing device is electrically connected to the signal input end of the alarm. After the data processing device processes the image data received from the digital camera, if the processing result shows that the fastener is damaged, the data processing device sends a signal to the alarm for warning.

[0043] Specifically, the data processing device includes a computer, which is installed on the vehicle body. More specifically, in order to avoid vibration displacement or falling off during the movement of the inspection vehicle, the computer can be placed in an open box, and then the open box is fixed to the top surface of the vehicle body with bolts. The above is only one possible implementation method, and its implementation is not limited to the above. More specifically, the vehicle body can be equipped with a computer and a battery, and the battery provides power for the DIC system, alarm, etc.

[0044] Furthermore, a GPS locator is installed on the vehicle body, the GPS locator is electrically connected to the control system, and the signal output end of the GPS locator is electrically connected to the signal input end of the control system.

[0045] Embodiment 2: According to Figures 1 to 7 A DIC-based rail fastener service status inspection vehicle is shown. Compared with Example 1, the axle 10 in this embodiment includes an axle shaft 101, and a wheel 9 is provided at the end of the axle shaft 101. The axle shaft 101 is sleeved on a hollow fixed sleeve 102, and the fixed sleeve 102 is connected to the vehicle body 11 through a connecting shaft 103.

[0046] In the present embodiment, there are two axle shafts where the rear wheels are located, and a motor 104 is provided at the middle position of the corresponding fixed sleeve 102. The motor is a dual-axis motor, and the main shafts of the motor 104 are respectively connected to the axle shafts 101. The dual-axis motor 104 drives the axle shaft 101 to rotate through the main shaft to drive the wheel 9 to rotate and move.

[0047] More specifically, the motor may be mounted on the fixed sleeve 102 by means of bolts.

[0048] Embodiment 3: According to Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 8 A DIC-based rail fastener service status inspection vehicle is shown. Compared with Example 1, the axle 10 of this embodiment includes an intelligent hydraulic telescopic controller 11 and a telescopic rod 12. The telescopic rod 12 is extended or retracted by controlling the inflow and outflow of hydraulic oil by the intelligent hydraulic telescopic controller. The telescopic rod 12 is sleeved on a fixed shaft sleeve 102, and the fixed shaft sleeve 102 is connected to the vehicle body 11 through a connecting shaft 103.

[0049] The utility model also provides a method for detecting the service status of rail fasteners based on the inspection vehicle, which comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1: Place the inspection vehicle 1 on the track 2 so that its wheels travel at a constant speed along the rail head of the track. When the front end of the inspection vehicle passes the track fastener 3 to be tested, the digital camera arranged at the front end of the inspection vehicle collects the surface speckle data of the track fastener 3;

[0051] When the vehicle is running at a positioning position, this positioning position is determined according to the track fastener to be detected. For example, when it moves close to the track fastener, the control system transmits a signal to the digital camera based on the position information fed back by the GPS locator to start image acquisition.

[0052] S2: Turn on the vibration exciter 8. When the inspection vehicle 1 continues to move through the track fastener, the digital cameras arranged on the front wheel and the rear wheel collect the surface speckle data of the track fastener 3 in sequence;

[0053] S3: The data of the digital camera is transmitted to the data processing device, and the processing device processes the collected multiple track fastener speckle images, and obtains the displacement vector of the pixel point by tracking the same pixel point in the speckle image on the surface of the track fastener 3 before and after the excitation, thereby obtaining the full-field displacement and strain information of the surface of the track fastener 3;

[0054] S4: Before the inspection, the damage status of the fasteners is collected, and the damage level is set to establish a damage database. In combination with the damage database, the data processing device determines whether the rail fastener 3 is damaged based on the results. If damaged, the data processing device outputs a signal to the alarm to warn the staff to deal with it in time.

[0055] The rail fastener model applicable to the utility model is one of the spring bar IV type fastener, spring bar V type fastener, WJ-2 type fastener, WJ-5 type fastener, WJ-7 type fastener and WJ-8 type fastener.

[0056] The above description of the utility model and its implementation methods is not restrictive. The drawings show only one implementation method of the utility model, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention of the utility model, they should all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A DIC-based rail fastener service status inspection vehicle, characterized in that: It includes: The inspection vehicle comprises a vehicle body, wherein the vehicle body comprises a vehicle body, and an axle connected to the vehicle body, and wheels are installed at the ends of the axle, and the wheels on both sides can respectively correspond to the rail heads of the rails on both sides. The exciter is mounted on the vehicle body and is used to excite the track; The DIC system includes a light source, a digital camera, a control system, and a data processing device; the digital camera is used to capture the speckle image on the surface of the rail fastener component before and after the rail is excited; TMD tuned mass damper is installed on the vehicle body to reduce the interference of structural vibration on the DIC system.

2. According to claim 1, a DIC-based rail fastener service status inspection vehicle is characterized in that: The number of the digital cameras is at least 5 groups, with 2 cameras in each group. The digital cameras in each group are symmetrically installed on both sides of the vehicle body. At least one group of digital cameras is installed at the front end of the vehicle body. At least 2 groups of digital cameras are arranged on the inner and outer sides of the axis of the front wheels, and at least 2 groups of digital cameras are arranged on the inner and outer sides of the axis of the rear wheels.

3. According to claim 1, a DIC-based rail fastener service status inspection vehicle is characterized in that: The DIC system includes an alarm, and the alarm is electrically connected to the data processing device.

4. A DIC-based rail fastener service status inspection vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The alarm is a buzzer or a warning flash light.

5. The DIC-based rail fastener service status inspection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing device includes a computer.

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