Floating head structure and testing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a floating head structure and a testing device. The floating head structure comprises a main body; the elastic sheet is mounted on the main body, and the main body is provided with a first airflow channel for airflow to flow to the elastic sheet; the piston is movably installed on the main body in the axial direction, and the piston sleeves are arranged outside the piston; when the floating head structure comprises a piston sleeve, the size of the piston in the radial direction is adjustable, so that the piston can be expanded with or separated from the piston sleeve; when the floating head structure comprises at least two piston sleeves arranged outside the piston layer by layer in a sleeving mode, the size of the piston in the radial direction of the piston is adjustable so that the piston can be expanded or separated from the piston sleeve located on the innermost layer, and in every two adjacent layers of piston sleeves, the size of the piston sleeve located on the inner layer in the radial direction is adjustable so that the piston sleeve located on the outer layer can be expanded or separated from the piston sleeve located on the outer layer. When the piston and at least one piston sleeve are expanded, a combined body is formed; the elastic sheet can apply acting force to the piston or the combination body under the action of airflow, and the floating head structure applies pressure to the to-be-tested piece through the piston.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of testing, in particular to a floating head structure and a testing device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology, the application of electronic components (such as IC) is becoming more and more extensive. Before leaving the factory, electronic components need to undergo performance testing to ensure that their quality meets the standard requirements.

[0003] The pressing area of ​​electronic components has different numbers of pins. During the crimping test, the pins need to be connected to the test socket, and this process requires the floating head structure to provide downward pressure. The downward pressure required by the electronic components is related to the number of pins. When the number of pins is different, the downward pressure required is also different.

[0004] In the traditional technology, each floating head structure can only provide one kind of downward force. When it is necessary to test electronic components of different types or specifications, the floating head structure needs to be frequently replaced, which not only increases the equipment cost but also reduces the test efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a floating head structure and testing device that can reduce equipment costs and improve test efficiency to address the problem in traditional technology that when testing electronic components of different types or specifications, the floating head structure needs to be frequently replaced, resulting in high costs and low testing efficiency.

[0006] A floating head structure, used for pressing a piece to be tested, comprising:

[0007] main body;

[0008] An elastic sheet is mounted on the main body, and a first airflow channel is provided on the main body for airflow to flow toward the elastic sheet;

[0009] A piston and at least one piston sleeve movably mounted on the main body along the axial direction, wherein the piston sleeve is arranged outside the piston; when the floating head structure includes one piston sleeve, the size of the piston in the radial direction is adjustable so that it can be expanded or separated from the piston sleeve; when the floating head structure includes at least two piston sleeves arranged outside the piston layer by layer, the size of the piston in the radial direction is adjustable so that it can be expanded or separated from the piston sleeve located in the innermost layer, and in each two adjacent layers of the piston sleeves, the size of the piston sleeve located in the inner layer in the radial direction is adjustable so that it can be expanded or separated from the piston sleeve located in the outer layer; when the piston and at least one piston sleeve are expanded, a combination is formed;

[0010] The elastic sheet can exert a force on the piston or the assembly under the action of the airflow, and the floating head structure applies pressure to the test piece through the piston.

[0011] In one embodiment, the main body includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate, the elastic sheet is clamped between the first cover plate and the second cover plate, the first air flow channel is provided on the first cover plate, and a receiving cavity is formed between the elastic sheet and the second cover plate;

[0012] The piston includes a first part and a second part which are connected to each other in the axial direction. The first part and the piston sleeve are both located in the accommodating cavity. An end of the second part which is axially away from the first part passes through the second cover plate. The diameter of the first part is greater than the diameter of the second part, so that the first part is limited in the accommodating cavity.

[0013] In one embodiment, the piston or the inner piston sleeve includes an action portion and a telescopic portion connected to each other, and the action portion can apply a force to the telescopic portion to make the telescopic portion stretch in the radial direction, thereby increasing the radial size of the piston or the inner piston sleeve.

[0014] In one embodiment, the action portion includes an inflatable shaft, the telescopic portion includes an inflatable key and a retainer, the retainer is sleeved outside the inflatable shaft, one end of the inflatable key is against the inflatable shaft, and the other end is inserted into the retainer;

[0015] A second air flow channel is provided in the inflatable shaft, and the second air flow channel is used for air flow to flow to the inflatable shaft. The inflatable shaft can expand under the action of the air flow to exert a force on the inflatable key. The inflatable key moves outward relative to the retainer, so that the size of the piston or the piston sleeve located in the inner layer in the radial direction increases.

[0016] In one embodiment, the telescopic portion includes at least two gas expansion keys, and all of the gas expansion keys are arranged in the retainer at intervals along the circumference of the piston.

[0017] In one embodiment, the action portion includes a first moving portion, the telescopic portion includes an annular portion, the annular portion is provided with a first groove at at least one end in the axial direction of the piston, and the first moving portion is installed in the annular portion; at least one of the first moving portion and the annular portion is provided with an inclined surface inclined relative to the axial direction;

[0018] The first moving portion can move in the annular portion in the axial direction, so that the annular portion can expand or retract under the action of the inclined surface.

[0019] In one of the embodiments, the annular portion is provided with first grooves at both ends in the axial direction, and the first grooves at both ends are staggered and evenly distributed in sequence.

[0020] In one embodiment, the action portion includes a second moving portion, the telescopic portion includes a connecting portion, and the second moving portion is hinged to the connecting portion;

[0021] When the second moving portion moves along the axial direction of the piston, it can drive the connecting portion to extend or retract in the radial direction.

[0022] In one embodiment, the connecting portion includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, and the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are respectively hinged to the second moving portion through a connecting rod;

[0023] When the second moving portion moves along the axial direction of the piston, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion can approach or move away from each other in the radial direction.

[0024] A testing device includes a loading mechanism, a testing mechanism, a receiving mechanism and a conveying mechanism, wherein the testing mechanism includes a test seat and the floating head structure as described above; the conveying mechanism is used to convey the test piece provided by the loading mechanism to the test seat, the floating head structure applies pressure to the test piece on the test seat through the piston, and the conveying mechanism is used to convey the test piece after testing on the test seat to the receiving mechanism for receiving.

[0025] The above-mentioned floating head structure and test device include a piston and at least one piston sleeve. When the piston is not tightly expanded with the piston sleeve, it can provide a first pressure to the test piece, and when the piston is tightly expanded with at least one piston sleeve, it can provide a second pressure to the test piece, and the second pressure is greater than the first pressure. In this way, the expansion or separation of the piston and the piston sleeve can be controlled according to the type or specification of the test piece, so that the floating head structure can provide a pressure that is suitable for the test piece. Compared with the floating head structure in the prior art that can only provide one pressure, the floating head structure provided in the embodiment of the present application can provide pressures of different sizes, avoid frequent replacement of the floating head structure, reduce equipment costs and improve test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 An axonometric diagram of a floating head structure provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of the floating head structure shown in ;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2A cross-sectional view of the AA surface of the floating head structure shown in FIG.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the BB surface of the floating head structure shown in FIG.

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 1 An exploded view of a piston or inner piston sleeve of a floating head structure as shown in FIG.

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Assembly diagram of the structure shown in;

[0032] Figure 7 An exploded view of a piston or an inner piston sleeve of a floating head structure provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 An axonometric view of a piston or an inner piston sleeve of a floating head structure provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Front view of the structure shown in .

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] 100, floating head structure; 10, main body; 11, first cover plate; 111, second groove; 12, second cover plate; 13, first air flow channel; 20, elastic sheet; 30, piston; 31, first part; 32, second part; 33, action part; 331, inflatable shaft; 3311, second air flow channel; 3312, main channel; 3313, branch channel; 3314, inflatable channel; 332, first moving part; 333, second moving part; 34, telescopic part; 341, inflatable key; 342, retainer; 343, annular part; 3431, first groove; 344, connecting part; 3441, first connecting part; 3442, second connecting part; 35, inclined surface; 36, connecting rod; 40, piston sleeve; 50, accommodating chamber; 60, air flow chamber; 70, pressure plate; 80, guide column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the utility model. However, the utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the utility model, so the utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0042] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0043] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present application, a floating head structure 100 is provided for pressing a DUT so that the DUT is connected to a test socket. Specifically, the DUT is a chip, and the chip has pins. When the floating head structure 100 presses the chip, the pins can be connected to the test socket. Of course, in other embodiments, there is no limitation on the type of DUT, as long as the DUT can be connected to the test socket under the pressing action of the floating head structure 100.

[0044] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The floating head structure 100 includes a main body 10 and an elastic sheet 20. The elastic sheet 20 is mounted on the main body 10. The main body 10 is provided with a first air flow channel 13 for air flow to the elastic sheet 20. The floating head structure 100 also includes a piston 30. The piston 30 is axially ( Figure 3 The elastic sheet 20 can exert a force on the piston 30 under the action of the airflow, and the floating head structure 100 can apply pressure to the DUT through the piston 30, so that the DUT and the test seat are connected. Specifically, the airflow entering the first airflow channel 13 is compressed air, which enters the first airflow channel 13 after being adjusted by the proportional valve and the relay.

[0045] For further information, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The floating head structure 100 further includes at least one piston sleeve 40, which is disposed outside the piston 30, that is, the piston 30 is installed in the piston sleeve 40. In some embodiments, the floating head structure 100 includes a piston sleeve 40, and the size of the piston 30 in its radial direction is adjustable so that it can be expanded or separated from the piston sleeve 40.

[0046] In some other embodiments, the floating head structure 100 includes at least two piston sleeves 40, each of which is sleeved on the outside of the piston 30 layer by layer, and the size of the piston 30 in the radial direction is adjustable so that it can be expanded or separated from the piston sleeve 40 located in the innermost layer. In each two adjacent layers of piston sleeves 40, the size of the piston sleeve 40 located in the inner layer in the radial direction of the piston 30 is adjustable so that the inner piston sleeve 40 and the outer piston sleeve 40 can be expanded or separated. When the piston 30 is expanded with at least one piston sleeve 40, the piston 30 and the expanded piston sleeve 40 together form a combination. When the piston 30 and the piston sleeve 40 are expanded to form a combination, the elastic sheet 20 can apply a force to the combination under the action of the airflow, and the combination applies pressure to the test piece through the piston 30.

[0047] It should be noted that when the air flows toward the elastic sheet 20 through the first air flow channel 13, the elastic sheet 20 can apply force to the piston 30 or the assembly. Regardless of whether the elastic sheet 20 directly applies force to the piston 30 or the assembly, the floating head structure 100 applies force to the test piece through the piston 30.

[0048] With the above arrangement, when the floating head structure 100 presses the DUT through the piston 30, the piston 30 is not only subjected to the force exerted by the elastic sheet 20 under the action of the airflow, but also subjected to the force exerted by the DUT. Under the action of the above two forces, the elastic sheet 20 and the surface of the piston 30 or the combination are closely attached to each other, so that the pins of the DUT are finally connected to the test socket.

[0049] It should also be noted that the pressure applied by the piston 30 to the test piece is related to the pressure of the airflow to the first airflow channel 13 and the contact area between the elastic sheet 20 and the piston 30 or the combination. When the piston 30 is not tightly expanded with the piston sleeve 40, the pressure applied by the piston 30 to the test piece is the product of the contact area between the elastic sheet 20 and the piston 30 and the above pressure, which is defined as the first pressure, and when the piston 30 is tightly expanded with at least one piston sleeve 40, the pressure applied by the piston 30 to the test piece is the product of the contact area between the elastic sheet 20 and the combination and the above pressure, which is defined as the second pressure. The second pressure is greater than the first pressure, and the second pressure is different according to the number of piston sleeves 40 expanded with the piston 30, and the second pressure gradually increases as the number of piston sleeves 40 expanded with the piston 30 increases.

[0050] The floating head structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a piston 30 and at least one piston sleeve 40. When the piston 30 is not tightly expanded with the piston sleeve 40, it can provide a first pressure to the test piece, and when the piston 30 is tightly expanded with at least one piston sleeve 40, it can provide a second pressure to the test piece, and the second pressure is greater than the first pressure. In this way, the piston 30 and the piston sleeve 40 can be controlled to expand or separate according to the type or specification of the test piece, so that the floating head structure 100 can provide a pressure that is suitable for the test piece. Compared with the floating head structure 100 in the prior art that can only provide one pressure, the floating head structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can provide pressures of different sizes, avoid frequent replacement of the floating head structure 100, reduce equipment costs and improve test efficiency.

[0051] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The main body 10 includes a first cover plate 11 and a second cover plate 12, an elastic sheet 20 is clamped between the first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 12, a first air flow channel 13 is provided on the first cover plate 11, and a receiving chamber 50 is formed between the elastic sheet 20 and the second cover plate 12. The piston 30 includes a first portion 31 and a second portion 32 which are connected to each other in the axial direction, the diameter of the first portion 31 is larger than the diameter of the second portion 32, the first portion 31 and the piston sleeve 40 are both located in the receiving chamber 50, and one end of the second portion 32 which is away from the first portion 31 in the axial direction passes through the second cover plate 12. Since the diameter of the first portion 31 is larger than the diameter of the second portion 32, when the floating head structure 100 does not need to press the test piece, the first portion 31 is limited in the receiving chamber 50, the first portion 31 of the piston 30 will not fall out of the receiving chamber 50 under the action of gravity, and at the same time, the piston sleeve 40 will not fall out of the receiving chamber 50. When the floating head structure 100 needs to hold the test piece, the piston 30 can be held on the test piece by the second part 32, and under the action of the test piece, the piston 30 or the combination is forced to fit tightly with the elastic sheet 20. It should be noted that when the floating head structure 100 holds the test piece, the piston 30 or the combination can move along the axial direction of the piston 30 in the accommodating cavity 50 to approach the elastic sheet 20 (floating) under the action of the test piece, and the elastic sheet 20 applies a force to the piston 30 or the combination after contacting it, and finally the pins of the test piece are connected to the test seat under the pressure of the piston 30.

[0052] It is conceivable that in other embodiments, the main body 10 can also be arranged in other ways, as long as it can achieve the effect of installing the elastic sheet 20, the piston 30 and the piston sleeve 40, and enable the elastic sheet 20 to cause the piston 30 to apply pressure to the test piece under the action of the airflow.

[0053] Furthermore, a second groove 111 is formed on one side of the first cover plate 11 facing the elastic sheet 20, and an airflow cavity 60 is formed between the groove wall of the second groove 111 and the elastic sheet 20. The airflow can flow to the airflow cavity 60 through the first airflow channel 13 and act on the elastic sheet 20. The airflow cavity 60 can temporarily store more airflow so that more airflow acts on the elastic sheet 20, thereby making the elastic sheet 20 fully contact with the piston 30 or the assembly ( Figure 3 The lower surface of the elastic sheet 20 is in full contact with the upper surface of the piston 30 or the upper surface of the assembly), thereby ultimately ensuring the holding effect of the floating head structure 100 on the test piece.

[0054] It is conceivable that in some other embodiments, the second groove 111 may be omitted on the first cover plate 11 , which is not limited here.

[0055] In some embodiments, the elastic member is a circular diaphragm, and the edge of the circular diaphragm is clamped and fixed between the first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 12. The diaphragm is an elastic sensitive element. When the two sides are subjected to different pressures, the diaphragm is strained and moved toward the side with lower pressure, so that the center of the diaphragm produces a displacement that is related to the pressure difference. Specifically, the diaphragm is made of rubber material. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the type and material of the elastic sheet 20 are not limited.

[0056] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The floating head structure 100 further includes a pressure plate 70, which is connected to the piston 30. Specifically, the pressure plate 70 is connected to one end of the second portion 32 of the piston 30 that passes through the second cover plate 12, and the piston 30 applies pressure to the test piece through the pressure plate 70, and the pressure plate 70 is in direct contact with the test piece.

[0057] It is conceivable that in some other embodiments, the floating head structure 100 may omit the pressure plate 70 , and in this case, the floating head structure 100 directly applies pressure to the test piece through the piston 30 .

[0058] In some embodiments, the floating head structure 100 further includes a guide post 80, which extends along the axial direction of the piston 30 and connects the main body 10 and the pressure plate 70. One of the main body 10 and the pressure plate 70 is movably connected to the guide post 80, and the other is fixedly connected to the guide post 80. When the pressure plate 70 moves relative to the main body 10, the guide post 80 plays a role in guiding the pressure plate 70, so as to prevent the pressure plate 70 from deviating when it moves relative to the main body 10 along the axial direction of the piston 30.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, the floating head structure 100 includes four guide posts 80, which are connected to the main body 10 and the pressure plate 70, and guide the pressure plate 70 together to facilitate the stability of the guide. It is conceivable that in other embodiments, the number of guide posts 80 included in the floating head structure 100 is not limited, such as the number of guide posts 80 included in the floating head structure 100 can also be one, two, three or more than four.

[0060] In some embodiments, the floating head structure 100 includes only one piston sleeve 40. When the piston 30 is separated from the piston sleeve 40, the piston 30 provides a first pressure to the test piece. When the piston 30 and the piston sleeve 40 are expanded to form a combination, the piston 30 provides a second pressure to the test piece. At this time, the floating head structure 100 can provide two different forces.

[0061] In other embodiments, the floating head structure 100 includes at least two piston sleeves 40. Specifically, the number of piston sleeves 40 is two, and when the piston 30 is not expanded with the innermost piston sleeve 40, the piston 30 provides a first pressure to the test piece. When the piston 30 is expanded with the innermost piston sleeve 40, and the inner piston sleeve 40 is separated from the outer piston sleeve 40, the piston 30 provides a second pressure to the test piece. When the piston 30 is expanded with the innermost piston sleeve 40, and the inner piston sleeve 40 is expanded with the outer piston sleeve 40, the piston 30 provides another second pressure to the test piece. It can be seen that when the floating head structure 100 includes two piston sleeves 40, it can provide three different sizes of force. It can be imagined that in other embodiments, the number of piston sleeves 40 included in the floating head structure 100 is not limited, such as the floating head structure 100 can also be set to include three or more than three piston sleeves 40.

[0062] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 The piston 30 includes an action portion 33 and a telescopic portion 34 that are connected to each other. The action portion 33 can apply an action force to the telescopic portion 34, so that the telescopic portion 34 stretches in the radial direction, thereby increasing the radial size of the piston 30. Specifically, when the piston 30 and the piston sleeve 40 need to be expanded to form a combination, the action portion 33 applies an action force to the telescopic portion 34, and the telescopic portion 34 stretches in the radial direction, so that the radial size of the piston 30 increases. The piston 30 with an increased size can be tightly abutted against the inner wall of the piston sleeve 40 sleeved thereon to form a combination. It should be noted that when the piston 30 needs to be separated from the piston sleeve 40, the telescopic portion 34 can shrink in the radial direction under the action of the action portion 33, or it can retract when the action portion 33 no longer applies an action to it.

[0063] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 and Figure 6The action part 33 includes an inflatable shaft 331, and the telescopic part 34 includes an inflatable key 341 and a retainer 342. The retainer 342 is sleeved outside the inflatable shaft 331. One end of the inflatable key 341 is against the inflatable shaft 331, and the other end is inserted into the retainer 342. A second airflow channel 3311 is provided in the inflatable shaft 331. The second airflow channel 3311 is used for airflow to flow to the inflatable shaft 331. The inflatable shaft 331 can expand under the action of the airflow to apply a force to the inflatable key 341. The inflatable key 341 moves outward relative to the retainer 342, so that the radial size of the piston 30 increases and the piston sleeve 40 expands to form a combination. Specifically, the airflow flowing into the second airflow channel 3311 is controlled by a solenoid valve.

[0064] With the above arrangement, when the piston 30 needs to be expanded and tightened with the piston sleeve 40, air is introduced into the second air flow channel 3311 of the air shaft 331, and the air shaft 331 expands so that the air key 341 moves relative to the retainer 342 to expand and tighten the piston sleeve 40; when the piston 30 needs to be separated from the piston sleeve 40, air is no longer introduced into the second air flow channel 3311 of the air shaft 331, and the air shaft 331 can relax the air key 341, and the air key 341 will no longer be expanded and tightened with the piston sleeve 40, which is convenient for control.

[0065] Further reading Figure 4 The second airflow channel 3311 includes a main channel 3312, a branch channel 3313 and an air-expansion channel 3314. The main channel 3312 is axially opened on the air-expansion shaft 331, and a plurality of branch channels 3313 are radially arranged on the air-expansion shaft 331, and each branch channel 3313 is connected to the main channel 3312. The air-expansion channel 3314 is arranged around the main channel 3312 and the branch channels 3313, and the other end of the branch channel 3313 away from the main channel 3312 is connected to the air-expansion channel 3314. The airflow first enters the main channel 3312, and flows to each branch channel 3313 through the main channel 3312, and finally flows to the air-expansion channel 3314 through each branch channel 3313. The outer periphery of the air-expansion shaft 331 expands under the action of the airflow, and exerts a force on the air-expansion key 341.

[0066] It is conceivable that in other embodiments, the second airflow channel 3311 can also be opened on the inflatable shaft 331 in other ways. As for the specific way of opening, it is not limited here, as long as the purpose of making the inflatable shaft 331 expand under the action of airflow can be achieved.

[0067] Furthermore, the telescopic portion 34 includes at least two gas expansion keys 341, and all the gas expansion keys 341 are arranged in the retainer 342 at intervals along the circumference of the piston 30. In this way, when the piston 30 needs to be expanded with the piston sleeve 40, at least two gas expansion keys 341 can be expanded with the piston sleeve 40 under the action of the gas expansion shaft 331, ensuring the expansion effect of the piston 30 and the piston sleeve 40.

[0068] Optionally, at least two gas expansion keys 341 are evenly spaced and penetrated in the retainer 342 along the circumference of the piston 30, so that the gas expansion keys 341 are evenly expanded and tightened with the piston sleeve 40 along the circumference of the piston 30, further ensuring the expansion effect. Of course, in some other embodiments, at least two gas expansion keys 341 can also be unevenly spaced and penetrated in the retainer 342 along the circumference of the piston 30.

[0069] It is conceivable that in some other embodiments, the action portion 33 may include a liquid expansion shaft, and the telescopic portion 34 may include a liquid expansion key and a retainer 342. Liquid can be introduced into the liquid expansion shaft to expand, so that the liquid expansion key moves outward relative to the retainer 342 to expand with the piston sleeve 40.

[0070] In some other embodiments, see Figure 7 The action portion 33 includes a first moving portion 332, and the telescopic portion 34 includes an annular portion 343. The annular portion 343 is provided with a first groove 3431 at at least one end in the axial direction of the piston 30, the first moving portion 332 is installed in the annular portion 343, and at least one of the first moving portion 332 and the annular portion 343 is provided with an inclined surface 35 inclined relative to the axial direction. The first moving portion 332 can move in the annular portion 343 in the axial direction, so that the annular portion 343 is expanded or retracted under the action of the inclined surface 35.

[0071] According to the above arrangement, when the piston 30 needs to be tightened with the piston sleeve 40, the first moving part 332 is controlled to move forward in the axial direction relative to the annular part 343, and under the action of the inclined surface 35, the first groove 3431 is stretched open, and the annular part 343 expands and tightens with the piston sleeve 40; when the piston 30 needs to be separated from the piston sleeve 40, the first moving part 332 is controlled to move backward in the axial direction relative to the annular part 343, and the annular part 343 retracts and relaxes the piston sleeve 40, so that the piston 30 is separated from the piston sleeve 40.

[0072] Specifically, the floating head structure 100 further includes a first driving member, the first moving portion 332 is connected to the first driving member, and the first driving member can drive the first moving portion 332 to move axially upward in the annular portion 343 to expand or retract the annular portion 343 .

[0073] Furthermore, the first moving part 332 is a conical plug, and the inclined surface 35 is provided on the conical plug. When the first driving member drives the conical plug to move in the annular part 343, since the end surface of the annular part 343 is provided with a first groove 3431, under the action of the inclined surface 35, the annular part 343 can expand or retract, so that the piston 30 and the piston sleeve 40 are expanded or separated.

[0074] Of course, in some other embodiments, the shape of the first moving portion 332 is not limited. For example, the first moving portion 332 can also be other irregular shapes. The first moving portion 332 can be configured as long as it can achieve the effect of expanding or retracting the annular portion 343 .

[0075] Optionally, both ends of the annular portion 343 in the axial direction are provided with first grooves 3431, and the first grooves 3431 at both ends are staggered and evenly distributed in sequence. In this way, when the first moving portion 332 moves relative to the moving portion in the axial direction, the first grooves 3431 staggered and evenly distributed at both ends can open or close, so that the annular portion 343 can expand or retract.

[0076] It should be understood that in some other embodiments, the annular portion 343 may be provided with the first groove 3431 only at one end, and the first groove 3431 may be non-uniformly arranged on the annular portion 343 in the circumferential direction.

[0077] In some other embodiments, see Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The action part 33 includes a second moving part 333, and the telescopic part 34 includes a connecting part 344. The second moving part 333 is hinged to the connecting part 344. When the second moving part 333 moves along the axial direction of the piston 30, it can drive the connecting part 344 to move in the radial direction ( Fig. 9 to extend or retract in the center or left or right direction.

[0078] According to the above arrangement, when the piston 30 needs to be tightened with the piston sleeve 40, the second moving part 333 is controlled to move forward in the axial direction, driving the connecting part 344 to stretch in the radial direction, and the stretched connecting part 344 is tightened with the piston sleeve 40; when the piston 30 needs to be separated from the piston sleeve 40, the second moving part 333 is controlled to move reversely in the axial direction, driving the connecting part 344 to retract in the radial direction, and the connecting part 344 releases the piston sleeve 40, so that the piston 30 is separated from the piston sleeve 40.

[0079] Specifically, the floating head structure 100 further includes a second driving member, the second moving portion 333 is connected to the second driving member, and the second driving member can drive the second moving portion 333 to move axially upward, so that the connecting portion 344 is extended or retracted.

[0080] The connecting portion 344 includes a first connecting portion 3441 and a second connecting portion 3442, and the first connecting portion 3441 and the second connecting portion 3442 are respectively hinged to the second moving portion 333 through the connecting rod 36. When the second moving portion 333 moves along the axial direction of the piston 30, the first connecting portion 3441 and the second connecting portion 3442 can approach or move away from each other in the radial direction, so that the connecting portion 344 can be extended or retracted in the radial direction.

[0081] It should be noted here that when the floating head structure 100 includes at least two piston sleeves 40, the setting method of the inner piston sleeve 40 can select the setting method of the above-mentioned piston 30 to achieve expansion or separation of the inner piston sleeve 40 and the outer piston sleeve 40, which will not be repeated here.

[0082] Another embodiment of the present application further provides a testing device, including a feeding mechanism, a testing mechanism, a receiving mechanism and a conveying mechanism, wherein the testing mechanism includes a test seat and the above-mentioned floating head structure 100. The conveying mechanism is used to convey the test piece provided by the feeding mechanism to the test seat, the floating head structure 100 applies pressure to the test piece on the test seat through the piston 30, and the conveying mechanism is used to convey the test piece after testing on the test seat to the receiving mechanism for receiving the material.

[0083] The floating head structure 100 and the testing device provided in the embodiment of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0084] By controlling the expansion or separation of the piston 30 and the piston sleeve 40, the purpose of switching the pressure provided to the test piece is achieved. Compared with the floating head structure 100 in the prior art that can only provide one pressure, frequent replacement of the floating head structure 100 when the types of the test pieces are different is avoided, thereby reducing equipment costs and improving test efficiency.

[0085] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0086] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A floating head structure for holding a test piece, characterized in that: include: Subject (10); An elastic sheet (20) is mounted on the main body (10), and a first airflow channel (13) is provided on the main body (10) for airflow to flow toward the elastic sheet (20); A piston (30) and at least one piston sleeve (40) are axially movably mounted on the main body (10), wherein the piston sleeve (40) is arranged outside the piston (30); when the floating head structure includes one piston sleeve (40), the size of the piston (30) in the radial direction is adjustable so that it can be expanded or separated from the piston sleeve (40); when the floating head structure includes at least two piston sleeves (40) which are arranged layer by layer outside the piston (30), the size of the piston (30) in the radial direction is adjustable so that it can be expanded or separated from the piston sleeve (40) located in the innermost layer, and in each of two adjacent layers of the piston sleeves (40), the size of the piston sleeve (40) located in the inner layer in the radial direction is adjustable so that it can be expanded or separated from the piston sleeve (40) located in the outer layer; when the piston (30) and at least one piston sleeve (40) are expanded, a combination is formed; The elastic sheet (20) can exert a force on the piston (30) or the combination under the action of the airflow, and the floating head structure applies pressure to the test piece through the piston (30).

2. The floating head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body (10) comprises a first cover plate (11) and a second cover plate (12); the elastic sheet (20) is clamped between the first cover plate (11) and the second cover plate (12); the first air flow channel (13) is provided on the first cover plate (11); and a receiving cavity (50) is formed between the elastic sheet (20) and the second cover plate (12); The piston (30) comprises a first part (31) and a second part (32) which are connected to each other in the axial direction; the first part (31) and the piston sleeve (40) are both located in the accommodating cavity (50); an end of the second part (32) which is axially away from the first part (31) passes through the second cover plate (12); the diameter of the first part (31) is greater than the diameter of the second part (32), so that the first part (31) is limited in the accommodating cavity (50).

3. The floating head structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The piston (30) or the inner piston sleeve (40) comprises an action portion (33) and a telescopic portion (34) which are connected to each other. The action portion (33) can apply an action force to the telescopic portion (34) so ​​that the telescopic portion (34) stretches in the radial direction, thereby increasing the radial size of the piston (30) or the inner piston sleeve (40).

4. The floating head structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The action portion (33) includes an inflatable shaft (331), and the telescopic portion (34) includes an inflatable key (341) and a retainer (342), wherein the retainer (342) is sleeved outside the inflatable shaft (331), one end of the inflatable key (341) is against the inflatable shaft (331), and the other end is inserted into the retainer (342); The inflatable shaft (331) is provided with a second air flow channel (3311), and the second air flow channel (3311) is used for air flow to flow toward the inflatable shaft (331). The inflatable shaft (331) can expand under the action of the air flow to exert a force on the inflatable key (341). The inflatable key (341) moves outward relative to the retainer (342), so that the size of the piston (30) or the inner layer of the piston sleeve (40) in the radial direction increases.

5. The floating head structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic portion (34) includes at least two gas expansion keys (341), and all of the gas expansion keys (341) are arranged in the retainer (342) at intervals along the circumference of the piston (30).

6. The floating head structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The action portion (33) comprises a first moving portion (332), the telescopic portion (34) comprises an annular portion (343), a first groove (3431) is provided at at least one end of the annular portion (343) in the axial direction of the piston (30), and the first moving portion (332) is installed in the annular portion (343); at least one of the first moving portion (332) and the annular portion (343) is provided with an inclined surface (35) inclined relative to the axial direction; The first moving portion (332) is movable in the annular portion (343) in the axial direction, so that the annular portion (343) can expand or retract under the action of the inclined surface (35).

7. The floating head structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annular portion (343) is provided with first grooves (3431) at both ends in the axial direction, and the first grooves (3431) at the two ends are staggered and evenly distributed in sequence.

8. The floating head structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The action portion (33) includes a second moving portion (333), the telescopic portion (34) includes a connecting portion (344), and the second moving portion (333) is hinged to the connecting portion (344); When the second moving portion (333) moves along the axial direction of the piston (30), it can drive the connecting portion (344) to extend or retract in the radial direction.

9. The floating head structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting portion (344) comprises a first connecting portion (3441) and a second connecting portion (3442), wherein the first connecting portion (3441) and the second connecting portion (3442) are respectively hingedly connected to the second moving portion (333) via a connecting rod (36); When the second moving portion (333) moves along the axial direction of the piston (30), the first connecting portion (3441) and the second connecting portion (3442) can approach or move away from each other in the radial direction.

10. A testing device, characterized in that: It comprises a loading mechanism, a testing mechanism, a receiving mechanism and a conveying mechanism, wherein the testing mechanism comprises a test seat and a floating head structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the conveying mechanism is used to convey the test piece provided by the loading mechanism to the test seat, the floating head structure applies pressure to the test piece on the test seat through the piston (30), and the conveying mechanism is used to convey the test piece after testing on the test seat to the receiving mechanism for receiving the test piece.

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