Anti-surge circuit of new energy automobile
By using voltage-regulating diodes and capacitors in the anti-surge circuit of new energy vehicles, the damage problem of surge interference to electronic components is solved, and effective protection of later-stage circuits and normal use of new energy vehicles is achieved. and safety guarantees.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420530570.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-19
AI Technical Summary
When new energy vehicles encounter surge interference, they can easily lead to damage to electronic components and shorten the service life of the appliance, affecting normal use and safety.
A surge-proof circuit is designed to reduce the impact of surge voltage on the subsequent circuit by connecting the voltage-regulating diode and the capacitor at both ends of the load.
It effectively reduces the impact of surge voltage on the subsequent circuit, protects the normal and safe use of electronic components, and ensures the normal operation and safety of new energy vehicles.
Smart Images
Figure CN222441356U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile electronics, in particular to a surge protection circuit for new energy vehicles. Background Art
[0002] Surge is a peak value that exceeds the stable value in an instant. It includes surge voltage and surge current. Its sources are divided into external and internal, such as lightning and the start-up, shutdown and failure of electrical equipment.
[0003] The time for surge to occur is very short, about in microseconds. When a surge occurs, the amplitude of voltage and current exceeds the normal value by more than twice, which will cause the air conditioners, compressors, elevators, pumps or motors in electrical equipment, and computer control systems to frequently reset without reason. The voltage also breaks down semiconductor devices, destroys the metallized surface of components, etc., causing premature aging of parts and greatly shortening the life of electrical appliances.
[0004] In the field of new energy vehicles, a considerable number of electrical components are usually used in the car to control the vehicle's power, air conditioning, multimedia equipment and intelligent equipment, etc., and high-precision equipment such as driverless cars and collision sensors are all based on the use of electronic components. For cars, they usually encounter surge interference caused by unpredictable external and electronic components themselves. For new energy vehicles, this will greatly affect their normal use and even affect their core functions and potential safety hazards.
[0005] Based on the above reasons, the utility model designs a surge protection circuit for new energy vehicles. By connecting a voltage-stabilizing diode at both ends of the load and a capacitor in parallel, the impact of surge voltage on the subsequent circuit can be reduced, thereby protecting the normal and safe use of electronic components. Summary of the invention
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a surge protection circuit for new energy vehicles. By connecting a voltage-stabilizing diode at both ends of the load and a capacitor in parallel, the impact of surge voltage on the subsequent circuit can be reduced, thereby protecting the normal and safe use of electronic components.
[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a surge protection circuit for a new energy vehicle, including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a bidirectional voltage regulator, a capacitor one, a capacitor two and a capacitor three, a bidirectional voltage regulator is connected in parallel between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the bidirectional voltage regulator is connected in parallel with the capacitor one, the bidirectional voltage regulator is connected in parallel with the capacitor two and the capacitor three connected in series, and the capacitor two and the capacitor three are grounded.
[0008] The positive and negative poles can be switched.
[0009] The operating voltage of the bidirectional voltage regulator is 36V.
[0010] Capacitor one is chosen to be 0.47 microfarads.
[0011] Capacitor 2 and capacitor 3 are selected to be 4.7 nanofarads.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model uses a TVS bidirectional voltage regulator in parallel with multiple capacitors, which can reduce voltage ripple and filter through capacitors. It can absorb certain voltage spikes when transient high voltage occurs, and act as an energy storage device to mitigate the impact on the subsequent circuit. When subjected to a high-energy large pulse, its working impedance immediately drops to an extremely low conduction value, thereby allowing large current to pass through while clamping the voltage at a predetermined level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 It is a circuit diagram of the utility model.
[0014] Figure 2 The test results of the utility model are shown in FIG. Figure 1 .
[0015] Figure 3 The test results of the utility model are shown in FIG. Figure 2 .
[0016] Description of reference numerals:
[0017] 1 positive pole, 2 negative pole, 3 bidirectional voltage regulator, 4 capacitor one, 5 capacitor two, 6 capacitor three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The utility model is now further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0019] See also Figures 1 to 3 The utility model provides a surge protection circuit for a new energy vehicle, including a positive electrode 1, a negative electrode 2, a bidirectional voltage regulator 3, a capacitor 1 4, a capacitor 2 5 and a capacitor 3 6. A bidirectional voltage regulator 3 is connected in parallel between the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2, the bidirectional voltage regulator 3 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 1 4, the bidirectional voltage regulator 3 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 2 5 and the capacitor 3 6 connected in series, and the capacitor 2 5 and the capacitor 3 6 are grounded.
[0020] The positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 can be switched with each other.
[0021] The working voltage of the bidirectional voltage regulator 3 is 36V.
[0022] Capacitor 1 4 is selected to be 0.47 microfarads, and capacitor 2 5 and capacitor 3 6 are selected to be 4.7 nanofarads.
[0023] Among them, the cut-off frequency of the capacitor filter is inversely proportional to the capacitance of the capacitor, that is, the larger the capacitance value, the lower the cut-off frequency, the better the filtering effect, and the lower frequency signal can be filtered out. According to calculations, a 0.47 microfarad capacitor has a better filtering effect in the low frequency band (3k-30khz), and a 4.7 nanofarad capacitor has a better filtering effect in the mid-frequency band (300khz-1Mhz).
[0024] Working principle:
[0025] See also Figure 1 , a bidirectional voltage regulator 3 is connected in parallel on both sides of the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 of the load, and the reverse breakdown characteristics of the PN junction of the voltage regulator diode are used to form a high field strength area inside. When the external voltage exceeds the reverse breakdown voltage of the voltage regulator diode, the electron energy band in the PN junction area is overcome, and the working impedance immediately drops to an extremely low conduction value, causing electrons to jump to the PN junction area, forming a current and allowing a large current to pass. This current will "short-circuit" the excess charge to the ground, thereby stabilizing the output voltage and clamping the voltage at a predetermined level. Then, the parallel capacitor 1 4, capacitor 2 5 and capacitor 3 6 can be used to reduce voltage ripple and filter, and can absorb a certain voltage spike when a transient high voltage occurs, as an energy storage device to reduce the impact on the subsequent circuit.
[0026] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The working environment of the load is 0-24VDC, and the load current is less than 3A. The maximum working voltage of the voltage regulator diode TVS tube should be greater than the maximum working voltage of the protected circuit. According to calculation and test, the P6SMB36CA bidirectional voltage regulator TVS diode is selected to meet the surge protection requirements.
[0027] The above are only preferred implementations of the present invention, which are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present application. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
[0028] The utility model solves the problem of preventing surge circuits and thus safety loss of electronic devices in new energy vehicles in the prior art as a whole. The TVS voltage-stabilizing bidirectional diode is connected in parallel with multiple capacitors to reduce voltage ripple and filter. It can absorb a certain voltage spike when transient high voltage occurs, and as an energy storage device, it can reduce the impact on the subsequent circuit. When subjected to a large high-energy pulse, its working impedance immediately drops to an extremely low conduction value, thereby allowing a large current to pass through, while clamping the voltage at a predetermined level, thereby protecting the safe and stable operation of internal components, ensuring the normal use of new energy vehicles, and improving the safety factor.
Claims
1. A surge protection circuit for a new energy vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a positive electrode (1), a negative electrode (2), a bidirectional voltage regulator (3), a capacitor 1 (4), a capacitor 2 (5) and a capacitor 3 (6), wherein the bidirectional voltage regulator (3) is connected in parallel between the positive electrode (1) and the negative electrode (2), the bidirectional voltage regulator (3) is connected in parallel with the capacitor 1 (4), the bidirectional voltage regulator (3) is connected in parallel with the capacitor 2 (5) and the capacitor 3 (6) which are connected in series, and the capacitor 2 (5) and the capacitor 3 (6) are grounded.
2. The surge protection circuit for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode (1) and the negative electrode (2) can be switched with each other.
3. The surge protection circuit for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating voltage of the bidirectional voltage regulator (3) is 36V.
4. The surge protection circuit for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitor one (4) is selected to be 0.47 microfarads.
5. The surge protection circuit for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitor 2 (5) and the capacitor 3 (6) are selected to be 4.7 nanofarads.