Sediment wear inhibiting structure for rotating wheel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotating wheel sediment abrasion restraining structure, which belongs to the technical field of water turbines and comprises a rotating wheel, a bottom ring is arranged on the outer ring of the output end of the rotating wheel, a leakage stopping ring is formed between the bottom ring and the rotating wheel, a water injection pipeline is arranged in the bottom ring and penetrates through the bottom ring, and the water injection pipeline is connected with the rotating wheel. And the water injection pipeline is communicated with the leakage stopping ring. According to the scheme, the leakage stopping ring between the bottom ring and the rotating wheel can reduce the leakage amount of the input end of the water turbine, however, a rotating gap is formed between the bottom ring and the rotating wheel, and sediment is prone to being left; therefore, the bottom ring structure is arranged at the output end of the rotating wheel, water can be injected into a gap between the rotating wheel and other rotating fit, the water injection pipeline on the leakage stopping ring is used for injecting clear water into the bottom ring, and the clear water enters the leakage stopping ring between the bottom ring and the rotating wheel, so that silt between the bottom ring and the rotating wheel is washed away; serious abrasion of the water turbine caused by sediment is prevented, and the service life of the water turbine is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a water turbine generator structure, more specifically, to a runner sediment wear suppression structure. Background Art

[0002] A hydro-turbine generator is a generator that converts water energy into electrical energy. It is often used in water flow areas. The working environment of a hydro-turbine is often accompanied by silt. Hydro-turbine generators are severely worn in silt-rich watersheds and their service life is greatly reduced. In particular, the wear of the runner stop ring has a significant impact on the stable operation of the runner.

[0003] For example: Chinese patent announcement number CN104879263B, announcement date March 8, 2017, invention name is a device for reducing sediment wear of a water turbine, the application discloses a device for reducing sediment wear of a water turbine, including an upstream pressure steel pipe, a downstream pressure steel pipe, a bottom plate, an inlet pipe of a straight pipe structure and an outlet pipe of a vertebral pipe structure, and a pressure connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the center of the large diameter end of the outlet pipe through multiple supporting ribs; the scheme installs a device for reducing sediment wear on the water inlet pressure pipe, performs secondary sand removal on the water entering the pressure pipe, and reduces the wear of the sand-carrying water on the turbine runner and flow-through parts. However, this scheme cannot completely remove the sediment, and some sediment will still enter the turbine to cause wear on the turbine, reducing the service life of the turbine. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model overcomes the problem of wear of the turbine runner structure by sediment when the turbine is working, and provides a runner sediment wear suppression structure. The scheme can prevent sediment from entering the gap between the turbine runner and the periphery, thereby reducing the wear of the turbine during operation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: a runner silt wear suppression structure, including a runner, a bottom ring is arranged on the outer ring of the output end of the runner, a leak-proof ring is formed between the bottom ring and the runner, a water injection pipeline is arranged inside the bottom ring, the water injection pipeline runs through the bottom ring, and the water injection pipeline is connected to the leak-proof ring. In this solution, the leak-proof ring between the bottom ring and the runner can reduce the leakage at the input end of the turbine, but there is a rotation gap between the bottom ring and the runner, which is easy to leave silt; therefore, a bottom ring structure is arranged at the output end of the runner, and water can be injected into the gap between the runner and other rotations, and the water injection pipeline on the leak-proof ring is used to inject clean water into the bottom ring, and the clean water enters the leak-proof ring between the bottom ring and the runner, thereby washing away the silt between the bottom ring and the runner, and forming a water film between the bottom ring and the runner; preventing the existence of silt from causing serious wear of the turbine, thereby improving the service life of the turbine.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom ring is provided with a plurality of first step surfaces on the side close to the impeller, and the impeller is provided with a plurality of second step surfaces on the side close to the bottom ring, and the first step surfaces and the second step surfaces are arranged in a staggered manner to form a plurality of leak-proof rings. In order to achieve a better effect of flushing away sediment, a plurality of leak-proof rings are provided between the bottom ring and the impeller, and step surfaces are provided on both the impeller and the bottom ring. Through the staggered arrangement of the bottom ring and the leak-proof ring, a receiving cavity, i.e., a leak-proof ring structure, can be formed between the first step surface of the bottom ring and the second step surface of the impeller; and the water injection pipeline on the bottom ring needs to be connected to each leak-proof ring, thereby improving the effect of flushing sediment.

[0007] Preferably, an end plate is provided near the output end of the runner, and the bottom ring is fixedly connected to the end plate. The end plate is used to fix the bottom ring structure, and the runner does not directly contact the end plate, so as to prevent the end plate and the end surface of the runner from being worn.

[0008] Preferably, a top cover is provided on the side close to the input end of the runner, and the top cover abuts against the side of the bottom ring away from the end plate. The top cover is used to fix the other side of the bottom ring to prevent the side of the bottom ring away from the end plate from shifting under water pressure or the like; a sealing ring structure needs to be provided on the abutting surface between the top cover and the bottom ring to prevent leakage between the two.

[0009] Preferably, a sealing groove is provided at one end of the runner away from the bottom ring, and a sealing member is provided in the sealing groove. The end of the runner away from the bottom ring is also the back side of the runner, and the back side of the runner also cooperates with the top cover. The sealing member is used for sealing between the runner and the top cover to prevent water from entering the rotating shaft of the runner, causing the rotating shaft to wear or rust; wherein, the sealing groove and the sealing member are of dynamic sealing type.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating wheel and the top cover, and the rotating wheel and the bottom ring are all clearance fit. In order to ensure that the rotating wheel can rotate normally, the rotating wheel and the top cover and the bottom ring are designed to be clearance fit, and a layer of water film can also be formed between the rotating wheel and the top cover, and between the rotating wheel and the bottom ring to protect the rotating wheel, the bottom ring and other structures.

[0011] Preferably, 8 to 12 groups of water injection pipelines are arranged circumferentially on the bottom ring. In order to ensure a good water injection effect and stability of water film formation, multiple groups of water injection pipelines need to be arranged circumferentially on the bottom ring, and preferably evenly arranged circumferentially on the bottom ring.

[0012] Preferably, a fixing seat is provided between the top cover and the end plate, and a water injection cavity is formed between the top cover and the bottom ring and between the end plate and the fixing seat. The water injection cavity can provide a good water injection effect for the main water pipeline, reduce the design of the water injection line, and ensure the water injection effect.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing seat is provided with a water inlet channel, which is used to introduce clean water into the water injection cavity so that the water injection cavity can maintain sufficient clean water.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: (1) it can form a protective water film between the turbine runner and the top cover and bottom ring, thereby reducing the wear of the runner during rotation; (2) the water ring and water film in the leak-proof ring have a certain positive pressure, which can prevent objects such as mud and sand from entering the rotating gap outside the runner, thereby avoiding severe wear of the runner by mud and sand; (3) the water injection method is simple, the formed water film and water ring are stable, and have good anti-mud and anti-wear effects; (4) the structure is simple, easy to manufacture and implement, the cost is relatively low, and it has high practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A is an enlarged schematic diagram.

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of B.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the water injection chamber of the utility model.

[0019] In the figure: 1. impeller, 2. bottom ring, 3. leak-proof ring, 4. water injection pipeline, 5. first step surface, 6. second step surface, 7. end plate, 8. top cover, 9. sealing groove, 10. sealing element, 11. fixing seat, 12. water injection cavity, 13. water inlet channel, 14. rotating shaft, 15. water inlet, 16. outlet, 17. sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the utility model is further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1: Figure 1 The runner silt wear suppression structure shown includes a runner 1 and a top cover 8. The runner 1 is arranged inside the top cover 8. A rotating shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the top cover 8. The rotating shaft 14 is fixedly connected to the runner 1. A water inlet 15 is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the turbine. When the rotating shaft 14 rotates, it drives the runner 1 to rotate together. The impeller of the runner 1 brings water in the water inlets 15 on the left and right sides into the water and outputs it from the output port 16 of the runner 1.

[0022] A bottom ring 2 is provided at the output end of the runner 1 and on the outside of the runner 1. The bottom ring 2 is in a circular ring shape and surrounds the output port 16 of the runner 1. Figure 2 As shown, the outer part of the runner 1 is in an arc shape, which is mainly used to increase the input and output efficiency of the turbine; since the bottom ring 2 needs to be adapted to the outer side of the runner 1, the bottom ring 2 has a certain inclination, and three layers of first step surfaces 5 are arranged on one side of the matching surface between the bottom ring 2 and the outer wall of the runner 1. The first step surface 5 is a right-angle step. Similarly, three layers of second step surfaces 6 are arranged on the outer wall of the runner 1 near the output port 16. The second step surface 6 is also a right-angle step. The three layers of first step surfaces 5 on the bottom ring 2 and the three layers of second step surfaces 6 on the runner 1 are displaced to a certain extent in the vertical direction, so that a leak-proof ring 3 composed of the first step surface 5 and the second step surface 6 is formed between the bottom ring 2 and the runner 1, so that there are also three leak-proof rings 3. Since the outer parts of the bottom ring 2 and the runner 1 are both circular structures, the leak-proof ring 3 is an annular cavity.

[0023] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the first step surface 5 and the second step surface 6 are both designed to be right-angled steps. In addition to right-angled steps, inclined steps or arc-shaped steps can also be used in practice, as long as it is ensured that the impeller 1 can rotate normally relative to the bottom ring 2 and a cavity (that is, a leak-proof ring) is formed between the bottom ring 2 and the impeller 1.

[0024] It should also be noted that, in the present embodiment, the number of the leak-proof rings 3 is three. Furthermore, in the extreme case, the number of the leak-proof rings 3 is set to one, which can also solve the technical problems of the present solution to a certain extent. In the preferred case, the number of the leak-proof rings 3 is three to five, and the specific design needs to be based on the model size of the turbine.

[0025] A water injection pipeline 4 is arranged on the bottom ring 2. When the number of the leak-proof ring 3 is one, the water injection pipeline 4 on the bottom ring 2 is only one pipeline, and when the number of the leak-proof ring 3 is three, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, it is necessary to separate two more water injection pipelines from the water injection pipeline 4 and connect them to the other two leak-proof rings respectively. Similarly, when the number of leak-proof rings 3 changes, it is only necessary to design a corresponding number of water injection pipelines 4 on the bottom ring 2. In order to facilitate production and manufacturing, the water injection pipelines 4 are all designed as linear pipeline structures.

[0026] An end plate 7 structure is arranged at the output end of the runner 1. A through hole is arranged in the middle of the end plate 7, which is consistent with the output port 16 of the runner 1 and is used for displacement. There is a certain interval between the end plate 7 and the end surface of the output port 16 of the runner 1, so as to avoid end surface friction between the runner 1 and the end plate 7 when the runner 1 rotates. The bottom ring 2 structure is fixed on the end plate 7. The bottom ring 2 is an inclined L-shaped structure as a whole. One side of the bottom ring 2 cooperates with the outer wall of the runner 1 to form a leak-proof ring 3, and the other side of the bottom ring 2 can be used to be fixed on the end plate 7. Specifically, the bottom ring 2 can be fixed on the end plate 7 by fasteners such as screws.

[0027] When the runner 1 rotates, the bottom ring 2 is fixed on the end plate 7 and does not move. In addition, since the runner 1 is located inside the top cover 8, a portion of the top cover 8 is also arc-shaped in accordance with the shape of the outer wall of the runner 1, that is, the top cover 8 covers the back side of the runner 1 and a portion of the outer wall of the runner 1; the top cover 8 at the outer wall of the runner 1 abuts against the bottom ring 2, such as Figure 2 As shown, a sealing ring 17 is provided at the abutting position between the top cover 8 and the bottom ring 2 to prevent water leakage; at the same time, the top cover 8 can play a role in positioning and fixing the bottom ring 2 to a certain extent.

[0028] It should also be noted that in order to ensure that the impeller 1 can rotate normally, there is a clearance fit between the impeller 1 and the top cover 8, and between the impeller 1 and the bottom ring 2, wherein the first step surface 5 and the second step surface 6 are not tightly fitted, but have a certain rotational clearance; when clean water is injected into the water injection pipe 4, a water ring can be formed in the leak-proof ring 3 of the cavity, and at the same time, the three leak-proof rings 3 are connected through the rotational clearance, so a layer of water film is formed in the rotational clearance and in the leak-proof ring 3, and has a certain positive pressure, which reduces the leakage at the leak-proof ring 3 and improves the efficiency of the impeller. At the same time, the water film protects the leak-proof ring 3 and reduces mud and sand wear.

[0029] It should also be noted that an annular sealing groove 9 structure is provided on the back side of the rotating wheel 1. Figure 3 As shown, the sealing groove 9 is provided with three circles, and the sealing member 10 is provided on the top cover 8, and the sealing member 10 extends into the three groups of sealing grooves 9. When the rotating shaft 14 rotates to drive the rotating wheel 1 to rotate, the top cover 8 is fixed, so that a dynamic sealing structure is formed between the sealing member 10 and the sealing groove 9. It can effectively prevent water from entering the interior of the rotating shaft 14.

[0030] It should also be noted that in order to increase the water inflow into the leak-proof ring 3 and the stabilizing effect of water film formation, 8 groups of water injection pipelines 4 are arranged on the bottom ring 2 , and the water injection pipelines 4 are evenly distributed around the leak-proof ring 3 .

[0031] The specific working principle of this scheme is as follows; when the turbine is started, the impeller 1 starts to rotate, and water flows from the water inlet 15 to the outlet 16 of the turbine; at this time, the muddy water at the water inlet 15 may enter the rotating gap between the impeller 1 and the top cover 8, so when starting the turbine, clean water is injected into the water injection pipe 4, and the clean water enters the leak-proof ring 3 to form a water ring, and the water rings between different leak-proof rings 3 are connected to form a water film and positive pressure, which flushes the mud and sand that may enter out of the rotating gap, and reduces the leakage at the leak-proof ring 3 to improve the efficiency of the turbine. At the same time, the water film protects the leak-proof ring 3 to reduce the wear of mud and sand.

[0032] Example 2: Figure 1The runner silt wear suppression structure shown includes a runner 1 and a top cover 8. The runner 1 is arranged inside the top cover 8. A rotating shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the top cover 8. The rotating shaft 14 is fixedly connected to the runner 1. A water inlet 15 is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the turbine. When the rotating shaft 14 rotates, it drives the runner 1 to rotate together. The impeller of the runner 1 brings water in the water inlets 15 on the left and right sides into the water and outputs it from the output port 16 of the runner 1.

[0033] A bottom ring 2 is provided at the output end of the runner 1 and on the outside of the runner 1. The bottom ring 2 is in a circular ring shape and surrounds the output port 16 of the runner 1. Figure 2 As shown, the outer part of the runner 1 is in an arc shape, which is mainly used to increase the input and output efficiency of the turbine; since the bottom ring 2 needs to be adapted to the outer side of the runner 1, the bottom ring 2 has a certain inclination, and three layers of first step surfaces 5 are arranged on one side of the matching surface between the bottom ring 2 and the outer wall of the runner 1. The first step surface 5 is a right-angle step. Similarly, three layers of second step surfaces 6 are arranged on the outer wall of the runner 1 near the output port 16. The second step surface 6 is also a right-angle step. The three layers of first step surfaces 5 on the bottom ring 2 and the three layers of second step surfaces 6 on the runner 1 are displaced to a certain extent in the vertical direction, so that a leak-proof ring 3 composed of the first step surface 5 and the second step surface 6 is formed between the bottom ring 2 and the runner 1, so that there are also three leak-proof rings 3. Since the outer parts of the bottom ring 2 and the runner 1 are both circular structures, the leak-proof ring 3 is an annular cavity.

[0034] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the first step surface 5 and the second step surface 6 are both designed to be right-angled steps. In addition to right-angled steps, inclined steps or arc-shaped steps can also be used in practice, as long as it is ensured that the impeller 1 can rotate normally relative to the bottom ring 2 and a cavity (that is, a leak-proof ring) is formed between the bottom ring 2 and the impeller 1.

[0035] It should also be noted that, in the present embodiment, the number of the leak-proof rings 3 is three. Furthermore, in the extreme case, the number of the leak-proof rings 3 is set to one, which can also solve the technical problems of the present solution to a certain extent. In the preferred case, the number of the leak-proof rings 3 is three to five, and the specific design needs to be based on the model size of the turbine.

[0036] A water injection pipeline 4 is arranged on the bottom ring 2. When the number of the leak-proof ring 3 is one, the water injection pipeline 4 on the bottom ring 2 is only one pipeline, and when the number of the leak-proof ring 3 is three, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, it is necessary to separate two more water injection pipelines from the water injection pipeline 4 and connect them to the other two leak-proof rings respectively. Similarly, when the number of leak-proof rings 3 changes, it is only necessary to design a corresponding number of water injection pipelines 4 on the bottom ring 2. In order to facilitate production and manufacturing, the water injection pipelines 4 are all designed as linear pipeline structures.

[0037] An end plate 7 structure is arranged at the output end of the runner 1. A through hole is arranged in the middle of the end plate 7, which is consistent with the output port 16 of the runner 1 and is used for displacement. There is a certain interval between the end plate 7 and the end surface of the output port 16 of the runner 1, so as to avoid end surface friction between the runner 1 and the end plate 7 when the runner 1 rotates. The bottom ring 2 structure is fixed on the end plate 7. The bottom ring 2 is an inclined L-shaped structure as a whole. One side of the bottom ring 2 cooperates with the outer wall of the runner 1 to form a leak-proof ring 3, and the other side of the bottom ring 2 can be used to be fixed on the end plate 7. Specifically, the bottom ring 2 can be fixed on the end plate 7 by fasteners such as screws.

[0038] When the runner 1 rotates, the bottom ring 2 is fixed on the end plate 7 and does not move. In addition, since the runner 1 is located inside the top cover 8, a portion of the top cover 8 is also arc-shaped in accordance with the shape of the outer wall of the runner 1, that is, the top cover 8 covers the back side of the runner 1 and a portion of the outer wall of the runner 1; the top cover 8 at the outer wall of the runner 1 abuts against the bottom ring 2, such as Figure 2 As shown, a sealing ring 17 is provided at the abutting position between the top cover 8 and the bottom ring 2 to prevent water leakage; at the same time, the top cover 8 can play a role in positioning and fixing the bottom ring 2 to a certain extent.

[0039] It should also be noted that in order to ensure that the impeller 1 can rotate normally, there is a clearance fit between the impeller 1 and the top cover 8, and between the impeller 1 and the bottom ring 2, wherein the first step surface 5 and the second step surface 6 are not tightly fitted, but have a certain rotational clearance; when clean water is injected into the water injection pipe 4, a water ring can be formed in the leak-proof ring 3 of the cavity, and at the same time, the three leak-proof rings 3 are connected through the rotational clearance, so a layer of water film is formed in the rotational clearance and in the leak-proof ring 3, and has a certain positive pressure, which reduces the leakage at the leak-proof ring 3 and improves the efficiency of the impeller. At the same time, the water film protects the leak-proof ring 3 and reduces mud and sand wear.

[0040] It should also be noted that an annular sealing groove 9 structure is provided on the back side of the rotating wheel 1. Figure 3 As shown, the sealing groove 9 is provided with three circles, and the sealing member 10 is provided on the top cover 8, and the sealing member 10 extends into the three groups of sealing grooves 9. When the rotating shaft 14 rotates to drive the rotating wheel 1 to rotate, the top cover 8 is fixed, so that a dynamic sealing structure is formed between the sealing member 10 and the sealing groove 9. It can effectively prevent water from entering the interior of the rotating shaft 14.

[0041] It should also be noted that in order to increase the water inflow into the leak-proof ring 3 and the stabilizing effect of water film formation, 8 groups of water injection pipelines 4 are arranged on the bottom ring 2 , and the water injection pipelines 4 are evenly distributed around the leak-proof ring 3 .

[0042] like Figure 1 or Figure 4As shown, a fixing seat 11 is also provided between the top cover 8 and the end plate 7, and the fixing seat 11 can strengthen the fixing effect between the top cover 8 and the end plate 7, and improve the stability of the turbine during operation. At the same time, the fixing seat 11 is also an annular structure, so an annular water injection chamber 12 can be formed between the fixing seat 11, the top cover 8, the leak-proof ring 3 and the end plate 7, and a water inlet channel 13 is also provided on the fixing seat 11, and the water inlet channel 13 can be connected to a clean water output device (not shown in the figure) to provide clean water for the water injection chamber 12. After the clean water fills the water injection chamber 12, the water pressure in the annular water injection chamber 12 is the same, so that the 8 groups of water injection pipelines 4 can stably inject clean water into the leak-proof ring 3, thereby improving the stability of the water ring and the water film in the leak-proof ring 3.

[0043] The specific working principle of this scheme is as follows; when the turbine is started, the impeller 1 starts to rotate, and water flows from the water inlet 15 to the output port 16 of the turbine; at this time, the muddy water at the water inlet 15 may enter the rotating gap between the impeller 1 and the top cover 8, so when starting the turbine, it is also necessary to start the clean water output device, the clean water output device outputs the clean water to the water inlet channel 13, and then enters the water injection chamber 12 through the water inlet channel 13, and fills the water injection chamber 12, the clean water in the water injection chamber 12 is injected into the water injection pipeline 4, and then the clean water enters each leak-proof ring 3 to form a water ring, and the water rings between different leak-proof rings 3 are connected to form a water film and positive pressure, which flushes the mud and sand that may enter out of the rotating gap, and reduces the leakage at the leak-proof ring 3 to improve the efficiency of the impeller, and at the same time, the water film protects the leak-proof ring 3 to reduce the wear of mud and sand.

Claims

1. A runner sand wear suppression structure, characterized in that: It comprises a rotating wheel, wherein the outer ring of the output end of the rotating wheel is provided with a bottom ring, a leak-proof ring is formed between the bottom ring and the rotating wheel, a water injection pipeline is provided inside the bottom ring, the water injection pipeline passes through the bottom ring, and the water injection pipeline is connected to the leak-proof ring.

2. A runner sand wear suppression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom ring is provided with a plurality of first step surfaces on one side close to the rotating wheel, and the rotating wheel is provided with a plurality of second step surfaces on one side close to the bottom ring. The first step surfaces and the second step surfaces are staggered to form a plurality of leak-proof rings.

3. The impeller silt wear suppression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An end plate is arranged on one side close to the output end of the rotating wheel, and the bottom ring is fixedly connected to the end plate.

4. A runner sand wear suppression structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A top cover is arranged on one side close to the input end of the rotating wheel, and the top cover abuts against a side of the bottom ring away from the end plate.

5. The impeller silt wear suppression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing groove is arranged at one end of the rotating wheel away from the bottom ring, and a sealing member is arranged in the sealing groove.

6. A runner sand wear suppression structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: There is clearance fit between the rotating wheel and the top cover, and between the rotating wheel and the bottom ring.

7. A runner sand wear suppression structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: 8 to 12 groups of water injection pipelines are arranged circumferentially on the bottom ring.

8. A runner sand wear suppression structure according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: A fixing seat is arranged between the top cover and the end plate, and a water injection cavity is formed between the top cover and the bottom ring and between the end plate and the fixing seat.

9. A runner sand wear suppression structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixing seat is provided with a water inlet channel.

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