Tailstock for machining outer circle of mandrel

Abstract

The tailstock comprises a base, a push rod, an oil cylinder and a center assembly, shaft holes penetrate through the two ends of the base, and a guide hole is formed in the lower end of the base; the push rod is in sliding fit in the shaft hole; a mounting hole is formed in the head of the push rod; the oil cylinder is fixed at the tail part of the base; the output end of the oil cylinder is connected with the push rod; the center assembly is mounted in the mounting hole and comprises a sleeve and a center, the sleeve is mounted in the mounting hole, the center is rotatably mounted in the sleeve through a bearing assembly, and the rotating axis of the center is coaxial with the push rod. The bearing assembly comprises a first bearing, a second bearing and a third bearing which are sequentially arranged from front to back, the second bearing is a thrust bearing, and the third bearing is a needle bearing. The tailstock for machining the outer circle of the mandrel is compact in structure, high in operation precision, long in service life and convenient to maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a tailstock, in particular to a tailstock used for machining the outer circle of a core shaft. Background Art

[0002] Regarding precision products such as shaft cores, due to the high precision requirements of the final product, the accuracy of product parts needs to be controlled during the process, especially the shaft core, which is the main component that directly affects the accuracy of the entire product.

[0003] During processing, the end and outer circle of the mandrel need to be processed. In order to improve the accuracy and production efficiency, a tailstock will be used. Due to the high precision of the mandrel, the requirements for the tailstock are also high, especially the coaxiality during rotation and the reliability of the top, to ensure the processing accuracy of the mandrel. The existing tailstock adopts manual form and the efficiency is relatively low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a tailstock which is compact in structure, high in precision and stable and reliable in operation and is used for machining the outer circle of a mandrel.

[0005] The utility model provides a tailstock for processing the outer circle of a mandrel, which comprises:

[0006] A base 2, serving as a support and mounting carrier, with axial holes passing through both ends of the base 2, and at least two guide holes 10 parallel to the axial holes are opened at the lower end of the base 2;

[0007] A push rod 21 is slidably mounted in the shaft hole, the head of the push rod 21 extends out of the shaft hole, and a mounting hole is formed at the end thereof;

[0008] The oil cylinder 3 is fixed at the tail of the base 2, and the output end of the oil cylinder 3 is connected to the push rod 21 and is used to drive the push rod 21 to move axially;

[0009] The tip assembly 4 is installed in the mounting hole, and includes a sleeve 48 and a tip 41. The sleeve 48 is installed in the mounting hole. The tip 41 is rotatably installed in the sleeve 48 through a bearing assembly, and the rotation axis of the tip 41 is coaxial with the push rod 21. The bearing assembly includes a first bearing 44, a second bearing 45 and a third bearing 46 arranged in sequence from front to back. The second bearing 45 is a thrust bearing, and the third bearing 46 is a needle bearing.

[0010] Furthermore, the first bearing 44 is a deep groove ball bearing or a self-aligning ball bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameters of the first bearing 44 , the second bearing 45 and the third bearing 46 decrease sequentially.

[0012] Furthermore, a top mounting hole for mounting the top 41 is formed at the head of the sleeve 48, and an oil hole 480e communicating with the top mounting hole is formed at the tail of the sleeve 48.

[0013] Furthermore, a pressure ring 42 for contacting with the end of the first bearing 44 and achieving position limiting is provided at the open end of the top installation hole, and an oil seal 43 is provided between the pressure ring 42 and the top.

[0014] Furthermore, the top mounting hole is a stepped hole, which includes a first hole body 480a, a second hole body 480b, a third hole body 480c and a fourth hole body 480d which are connected in sequence and have decreasing diameters in sequence. The first bearing 44 is installed in the first hole body 480a, the second bearing 45 is installed in the second hole body 480b, and the third bearing 46 is installed in the fourth hole body 480d.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer wall of the sleeve 48 is a slope, and the angle between the outer wall and the axis of the sleeve 48 is greater than or equal to 1° and less than or equal to 3°. The inner wall of the mounting hole is also a slope and can fit the outer wall of the sleeve 48 .

[0016] Furthermore, the tip 41 includes a first shaft body 411, a second shaft body 412, a third shaft body 413, a fourth shaft body 414 and a fifth shaft body 415 which are arranged in sequence, the diameter of the second shaft body 412 is larger than the diameters of the first shaft body 411 and the third shaft body 413, the diameters of the third shaft body 413, the fourth shaft body 414 and the fifth shaft body 415 decrease in sequence, the end of the first shaft body 411 is conical and forms a tip, the first shaft body 411 and the second shaft body 412, the third shaft body 413 and the fourth shaft body 414 are connected by an inclined surface, a first step surface is formed between the second shaft body 412 and the third shaft body 413, the first bearing 44 and the second bearing 45 are installed on the third shaft body 413, and the third bearing 46 is installed on the fifth shaft body 415.

[0017] The advantages of the utility model are as follows: the tailstock used for the external cylindrical processing of the mandrel is hydraulically driven, has a fast extension and retraction rate, improves the efficiency of installing and disassembling the mandrel, and has high production efficiency; a pressure relief valve is provided to realize automatic pressure relief, ensure the axial pressure of the top, improve the reliability of fixing the mandrel, and avoid damage to the mandrel due to excessive pressure, with good stability in use and high reliability; the structure of the top assembly is optimized, which greatly improves the rotation accuracy and reliability of the top, and has a long service life; the tailstock used for the external cylindrical processing of the mandrel by the utility model has a compact structure, high operating accuracy, a long service life, and is easy to maintain and service. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tailstock used for the external circle processing of the mandrel according to the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 Another perspective structural diagram of the tailstock used for spindle outer circle processing of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the tailstock used for the external circle machining of the mandrel according to the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the top assembly of the tailstock used for the external circle processing of the mandrel according to the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the top assembly of the tailstock used for the external cylindrical processing of the mandrel according to the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the top of the tailstock used for the external circle processing of the mandrel according to the utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 The utility model is a schematic structural diagram of a sleeve of a tailstock for machining the outer circle of a mandrel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] See also Figure 1-Figure 8 The utility model provides a tailstock for machining the outer circle of a spindle, which comprises a base 2, a push rod 21, a cylinder 3 and a top assembly 4.

[0028] The base 2 is used as a support and mounting carrier for mounting a push rod 21, a cylinder and a top assembly 4. The base 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure as a whole, with axial holes passing through both ends of the base 2 for mounting the push rod 21. At the same time, a guide hole 10 is provided at the lower end of the base 2. There are at least two guide holes 10, which are parallel to the axial hole, and each guide hole 10 is located on the same horizontal plane. In this embodiment, a slide seat 1 is fixed at the bottom of the base 2, and the guide hole 10 is provided on the slide seat 1; the push rod 21 is a cylindrical structure, and is slidably fitted in the axial hole, and can slide along the axial direction. The head of the push rod 21 extends outside the axial hole, and a mounting hole is provided at the bottom of the push rod 21 for mounting the top assembly 4.

[0029] The oil cylinder 3 is fixed to the tail of the base 2, and the output end of the oil cylinder 3 is connected to the push rod 21 to drive the push rod to move axially; specifically, the oil cylinder 3 includes a cylinder body 32, a piston 35, a piston rod 34, a front cover 31 and a rear cover 33. The cross section of the cylinder body 32 is rectangular, and the top surface is flush with the top surface of the base 2, and the two sides are flush with the side walls of the base 2 to form an integral structure. A sliding cavity is formed in the cylinder body 32, and the sliding cavity is coaxial with the shaft hole. The front cover 31 and the rear cover 33 are respectively arranged at both ends of the sliding cavity, so that the sliding cavity forms a sealed cavity. The piston 35 The slide is fitted in the slide cavity, and the piston rod 34 is fixed on the piston 35. The piston rod 34 extends into the axial hole after passing through the front cover 31, and is connected to the push rod 21 through a connecting seat 22; the piston 35 divides the slide cavity into a rod cavity (front cavity) and a rodless cavity (rear cavity), and an oil port is provided on the side walls of the front cavity and the rear cavity, wherein the oil port at the rod cavity end is used to drive the push rod to move backward, and the oil port at the rodless cavity end is used to drive the push rod to move forward, and a pressure relief valve is provided on the oil port at the rodless cavity end to control the clamping force of the top end on the core shaft to avoid damage to the core shaft due to excessive clamping force.

[0030] A locking rod is provided on the base 2, and the push rod 21 can be locked by turning it, thereby improving the reliability of use.

[0031] The top assembly 4 is installed in the mounting hole, and includes a sleeve 48 and a top 41. The sleeve 48 is installed in the mounting hole, and the top 41 is rotatably installed in the sleeve 48 through a bearing assembly. The rotation axis of the top 41 is coaxial with the push rod 21. The bearing assembly includes a first bearing 44, a second bearing 45 and a third bearing 46 arranged in sequence from front to back, wherein the first bearing 44 is a deep groove ball bearing or a self-aligning ball bearing, the second bearing 45 is a thrust bearing, and the third bearing 46 is a needle bearing. The first bearing is mainly used to bear the radial force of the top 41 and at the same time, ensure its coaxiality. The second bearing is used to bear the axial force of the top, and the third bearing is used to control the coaxiality of the tail of the top to avoid its jumping, thereby improving the running accuracy and use reliability of the entire top; at the same time, the diameters (outer diameters) of the first bearing 44, the second bearing 45 and the third bearing 46 decrease in sequence.

[0032] In the present application, the outer wall of the sleeve 48 is a slope, and the angle between it and the axis of the sleeve 48 is greater than or equal to 1° and less than or equal to 3°. Correspondingly, the inner wall of the mounting hole is also a slope, which can fit the outer wall of the sleeve 48, which can achieve automatic centering and improve installation accuracy. At the same time, it can withstand axial force and is easy to load and unload.

[0033] A tip mounting hole for mounting the tip 41 is opened at the head of the sleeve 48, and the tip 41 is mounted in the tip mounting hole. Specifically, the tip mounting hole is a stepped hole, which includes a first hole body 480a, a second hole body 480b, a third hole body 480c and a fourth hole body 480d connected in sequence, and the diameters of the first hole body 480a, the second hole body 480b, the third hole body 480c and the fourth hole body 480d decrease in sequence. The first bearing 44 is mounted in the first hole body 480a, the second bearing 45 is mounted in the second hole body 480b, and the third bearing 46 is mounted in the fourth hole body 480d; a support plate 47 is provided at the end of the fourth hole body 480d, and the end of the support plate contacts the third bearing to realize axial positioning of the third bearing, and at the same time, it can allow lubricating oil to pass through.

[0034] The tip 41 includes a first shaft body 411, a second shaft body 412, a third shaft body 413, a fourth shaft body 414 and a fifth shaft body 415 which are arranged in sequence. The first shaft body 411, the second shaft body 412, the third shaft body 413, the fourth shaft body 414 and the fifth shaft body 415 are coaxially arranged and have circular cross sections. The diameter of the second shaft body 412 is larger than the diameters of the first shaft body 411 and the third shaft body 413. The diameters of the third shaft body 413, the fourth shaft body 414 and the fifth shaft body 415 decrease in sequence. The (head) end of the first shaft body 411 is tapered to form a tip. Used to support the core shaft, the first shaft body 411 and the second shaft body 412 are connected by an inclined surface, and the third shaft body 413 and the fourth shaft body 414 are also connected by an inclined surface. A first step surface is formed between the second shaft body 412 and the third shaft body 413, which is used to axially limit the inner ring of the first bearing. The first bearing 44 and the second bearing 45 are installed on the third shaft body 413. During installation, the second bearing contacts the end of the first bearing, and the third bearing 46 is installed on the fifth shaft body 415. It is easy to install and saves labor. It is also easy to disassemble or replace, and has high operating precision and good reliability.

[0035] In the present application, an oil hole 480e is provided at the tail end of the sleeve 48, and the oil hole 480e is connected to the top mounting hole, and can input lubricating oil to lubricate and cool the bearing on the top, thereby ensuring the running accuracy and reliability of the top; at the same time, a pressure ring 42 is provided at the open end of the top mounting hole, and the pressure ring 42 is used to contact the (outer ring) end of the first bearing 44, thereby realizing the limiting fixation of the first bearing, and an oil seal 43 is provided between the pressure ring 42 and the top to prevent dust from entering and prevent the internal lubricating oil from flowing out.

[0036] The utility model is used for the tailstock of the spindle external circle processing, adopts hydraulic drive, has a fast extension and retraction rate, improves the efficiency of installing and disassembling the spindle, and has high production efficiency; a pressure relief valve is provided to realize automatic pressure relief, ensure the axial pressure of the top, improve the reliability of fixing the spindle, and avoid damage to the spindle due to excessive pressure, with good stability in use and high reliability; the structure of the top assembly is optimized, the rotation accuracy and reliability of the top are greatly improved, and the service life is long; the utility model is used for the tailstock of the spindle external circle processing, has a compact structure, high operating accuracy, long service life, and is easy to maintain and service.

[0037] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tailstock for machining the outer diameter of a mandrel, characterized in that: include: A base, serving as a support and mounting carrier, wherein both ends of the base are penetrated by axial holes, and the lower end of the base is provided with at least two guide holes parallel to the axial holes; A push rod is slidably mounted in the shaft hole, the head of the push rod extends out of the shaft hole, and a mounting hole is formed at the end of the push rod; An oil cylinder is fixed at the tail of the base, and the output end of the oil cylinder is connected to the push rod and is used to drive the push rod to move axially; A tip assembly is installed in the mounting hole, including a sleeve and a tip. The sleeve is installed in the mounting hole. The tip is rotatably installed in the sleeve through a bearing assembly, and the rotation axis of the tip is coaxial with the push rod. The bearing assembly includes a first bearing, a second bearing and a third bearing arranged in sequence from front to rear. The second bearing is a thrust bearing, and the third bearing is a needle bearing.

2. The tailstock for machining the outer diameter of a mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bearing is a deep groove ball bearing or a self-aligning ball bearing.

3. The tailstock for machining the outer diameter of a mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters of the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing decrease sequentially.

4. The tailstock for machining the outer diameter of a mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head of the sleeve is provided with a top mounting hole for mounting a top, and the tail of the sleeve is provided with an oil hole connected with the top mounting hole.

5. The tailstock for machining the outer diameter of a mandrel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The open end of the top mounting hole is provided with a pressure ring for contacting with the end of the first bearing and achieving position limiting, and an oil seal is provided between the pressure ring and the top.

6. The tailstock for machining the outer diameter of a mandrel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top mounting hole is a stepped hole, which includes a first hole body, a second hole body, a third hole body and a fourth hole body which are connected in sequence and have decreasing diameters in sequence. The first bearing is installed in the first hole body, the second bearing is installed in the second hole body, and the third bearing is installed in the fourth hole body.

7. The tailstock for machining the outer diameter of a mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sleeve is an inclined surface, and the angle between the outer wall and the axis of the sleeve is greater than or equal to 1° and less than or equal to 3°. The inner wall of the mounting hole is also an inclined surface and can fit the outer wall of the sleeve.

8. The tailstock for machining the outer diameter of a mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tip includes a first shaft body, a second shaft body, a third shaft body, a fourth shaft body and a fifth shaft body which are arranged in sequence. The diameter of the second shaft body is larger than that of the first shaft body and the third shaft body. The diameters of the third shaft body, the fourth shaft body and the fifth shaft body decrease in sequence. The end of the first shaft body is conical and forms a tip. The first shaft body and the second shaft body, and the third shaft body and the fourth shaft body are connected by an inclined surface. A first step surface is formed between the second shaft body and the third shaft body. The first bearing and the second bearing are mounted on the third shaft body, and the third bearing is mounted on the fifth shaft body.

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