Accurate temperature control pyrolysis reactor for inert gas flow heating

Abstract

The utility model discloses an inert gas flow heating accurate temperature control pyrolysis reactor which is used for biomass pyrolysis in a laboratory scale and achieves the purposes of accurately measuring temperature and conveniently controlling pyrolysis temperature for oscillating pyrolysis. The device comprises a gas electric heating heat storage device, a temperature control device, an electromagnetic valve, a cavity reactor, a four-way valve and a three-way valve, inert gas enters the gas electric heating heat storage device from the three-way valve and is heated to the set temperature through the temperature control device, the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the flow of the inert gas, then the inert gas is fed into the cavity reactor, the cavity reactor is of a multi-layer design with a special structure, the inner layer is a pyrolytic reaction layer, the middle layer is a cavity heat insulation layer, and the outer layer is a heat preservation material layer. Compared with the prior art, the reactor device disclosed by the utility model adopts inert gas as a pyrolytic reaction heat source, so that the thermal inertia is small, accurate temperature control is facilitated, and kilogram-level biomass isothermal / oscillation heating can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of precise temperature-controlled pyrolysis reactors, in particular to a precise temperature-controlled pyrolysis reactor heated by inert gas flow. Background Art

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis is a way of utilizing biomass thermochemically. It converts biomass macromolecules into three-phase products of pyrolysis coke, bio-oil and pyrolysis gas by thermal bond breaking under an inert atmosphere, and has a high prospect for industrialization. In-depth understanding of the relationship between pyrolysis temperature and product characteristics is the key to the expansion of biomass pyrolysis. The research method is to set the pyrolysis temperature in a specific pyrolysis reactor to carry out biomass pyrolysis reaction, collect the three-phase pyrolysis products, and accurately analyze the yield and product characteristics. Therefore, accurate analysis of the correlation between pyrolysis temperature and product characteristics mainly depends on the accuracy of the set temperature of the pyrolysis reactor.

[0003] At present, traditional laboratory biomass pyrolysis reactors use electric heating, which provides heat to the pyrolysis reactor by thermal radiation. The pyrolysis temperature is measured by a thermocouple installed in the reactor and then fed back to an electric heating controller. The pyrolysis temperature is set by controlling the electric heating power. There is a time difference in the feedback and the accuracy is not high. Therefore, the electric heating pyrolysis reactor has the problem of inaccurate temperature measurement and cannot achieve temperature reduction or temperature increase control in a short period of time.

[0004] Therefore, it is very important to design a laboratory biomass pyrolysis reactor that can accurately measure temperature and easily control the pyrolysis temperature. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, an inert gas flow heating and precise temperature control pyrolysis reactor is proposed, which can use a large flow of inert gas as the heat source for the pyrolysis reaction; usually inert gas acts as a carrier gas in the biomass pyrolysis process. In the utility model, a large flow of gas serves as a heat source and a carrier gas, which has the advantages of small thermal inertia and is easy to accurately control the temperature, and can achieve oscillating heating in a short time.

[0006] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the utility model is: an inert gas flow heating and precise temperature control pyrolysis reactor, the reactor includes a gas electric heating heat storage device, a temperature control device, a solenoid valve, a cavity reactor, a four-way valve, and a three-way valve; two groups of gas electric heating heat storage devices are arranged in parallel;

[0007] One end of the gas electric heating heat storage device is connected to the inlet end of the cavity reactor through a solenoid valve, and the temperature control device is arranged between the gas electric heating heat storage device and the solenoid valve.

[0008] The other end of the gas electric heating heat storage device is connected to the inert gas and the four-way valve through a three-way valve, and the outlet end of the cavity reactor is connected to the four-way valve.

[0009] One or more gas electric heating heat storage devices are arranged, and the heating temperature ranges of the gas electric heating heat storage devices are different.

[0010] The cavity reactor consists of three parts: the inner layer, the middle layer and the outer layer; the inner layer is a pyrolysis reaction layer, and the gas can continuously circulate inside to heat the biomass; the middle layer is a cavity layer, and hot inert gas circulates to ensure that the outer wall of the inner pyrolysis layer is an insulating layer to ensure that the temperature of the pyrolysis layer is uniform; the outer layer is a thermal insulation material to reduce the heat loss of the gas during the internal flow.

[0011] The air inlet end of the cavity reactor is provided with an internal gas inlet, a first inlet of a gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, and a second inlet of a gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor; the above-mentioned inlets converge at the outer end of the cavity reactor and are connected to the solenoid valve.

[0012] The gas outlet of the cavity reactor is provided with a second outlet of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, an internal gas outlet of the cavity reactor and a first outlet of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor; the above outlets converge at the outer end of the cavity reactor and are connected to the four-way valve.

[0013] The gas electric heating heat storage device is provided with an outlet of the gas electric heating heat storage device and is connected to a solenoid valve; the gas electric heating heat storage device is provided with an inlet of the gas electric heating heat storage device and is connected to a three-way valve.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following significant advantages:

[0015] (1) Using a large flow of inert gas as the heat source for the pyrolysis reaction instead of the traditional laboratory electric heating has a small thermal inertia, is convenient for precise temperature control, and can achieve oscillating heating (sudden heating or cooling) in a relatively short time;

[0016] (2) The heat transfer mode of hot air flow heating is mainly heat convection and heat conduction, while electric heating is mainly heat radiation. The temperature of the inert gas heat source can be accurately controlled by arranging thermocouples at multiple points, avoiding the problem of inaccurate temperature measurement in the traditional electric heating process;

[0017] (3) The use of a large flow of inert gas to heat the pyrolysis reactor can achieve isothermal heating of kilograms of biomass, which improves the capacity level of precise temperature control and heating of biomass pyrolysis reactors for laboratory-scale analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the inert gas flow heating and precise temperature control pyrolysis reactor device of the utility model;

[0019] In the figure: 1-the inlet of the first gas electric heating heat storage device, 2-the inlet of the second gas electric heating heat storage device, 3-the first gas electric heating heat storage device, 4-the second gas electric heating heat storage device, 5-the first temperature control device, 6-the second temperature control device, 7-the outlet of the first gas electric heating heat storage device, 8-the outlet of the second gas electric heating heat storage device, 9-the solenoid valve, 10-the first inlet of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, 11-the gas inlet inside the cavity reactor, 12-the second inlet of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, 13-the cavity reactor, 14-the thermal insulation material, 15-the second outlet of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, 16-the gas outlet inside the cavity reactor, 17-the first outlet of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, 18-the four-way valve, 19-the first three-way valve, 20-the second three-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to illustrate the technical solution and technical purpose of the utility model, the present invention is further introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Combination Figure 1 The utility model is an inert gas flow heating precise temperature control pyrolysis reactor, comprising a first gas electric heating heat storage device 3, a second gas electric heating heat storage device 4, a first temperature control device 5, a second temperature control device 6, a solenoid valve 9, a cavity reactor 13, a heat preservation material 14, a four-way valve 18, a three-way valve 1 19, and a three-way valve 2 20;

[0022] The inlet 1 of the first gas electric heating heat storage device 3 is connected to the three-way valve 19, and the outlet 7 of the first gas electric heating heat storage device 3 is connected to the solenoid valve 9; a first temperature control device 5 is arranged between the outlet 7 of the first gas electric heating heat storage device and the solenoid valve 9; the three-way valve 19 is also connected to the inert gas and the four-way valve 18.

[0023] The inlet 2 of the second gas electric heating heat storage device 4 is connected to the three-way valve 20, and the outlet 8 of the second gas electric heating heat storage device 4 is connected to the solenoid valve 9; a second temperature control device 6 is arranged between the outlet 8 of the second gas electric heating heat storage device and the solenoid valve 9; the three-way valve 20 is also connected to the inert gas and the four-way valve 18.

[0024] The first inlet 10 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, the gas inlet 11 inside the cavity reactor and the second inlet 12 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor are arranged at the gas inlet end of the cavity reactor 13; the first inlet 10 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, the gas inlet 11 inside the cavity reactor and the second inlet 12 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor converge and are connected to the three-way valve 19;

[0025] The gas outlet of the cavity reactor 13 is provided with a second outlet 15 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, a gas outlet 16 inside the cavity reactor and a first outlet 17 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor; the second outlet 15 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, the gas outlet 16 inside the cavity reactor and the first outlet 17 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor converge and are connected to a four-way valve 18;

[0026] The inert gas enters the first gas electric heating heat storage device 3 (or the second gas electric heating heat storage device 4) from the three-way valve 19 (or the three-way valve 20), and is heated to the set temperature by the first temperature control device 5 (or the second temperature control device 6). The three-way valve 19 (or the three-way valve 20) is connected to the inlet 1 of the first electric heating heat storage device (or the inlet 2 of the second gas electric heating heat storage device), and the outlet 7 of the first electric heating heat storage device (or the outlet 8 of the second gas electric heating heat storage device) is connected to the electromagnetic valve 9, which is used to control the flow rate of the inert gas. The electromagnetic valve 9 is connected to the internal gas inlet 11 of the cavity reactor, the first inlet 10 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, and the second inlet 12 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor; the internal gas outlet 16 of the cavity reactor, the first outlet 17 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, and the second outlet 15 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor are connected to the four-way valve 18, and the four-way valve 18 is connected to the three-way valve 19 and the three-way valve 20;

[0027] Furthermore, the cavity reactor 13 includes three parts: an inner layer, a middle layer and an outermost layer; the inner layer is filled with biomass raw materials and is a pyrolysis reaction layer, and the gas can continuously circulate inside to heat the biomass; the middle layer is a cavity layer, and hot inert gas circulates to ensure that the outer wall of the inner pyrolysis layer is an insulating layer, which can ensure that the temperature of the pyrolysis layer is uniform; the outermost layer is a thermal insulation material 14, which reduces the heat loss of the gas during the internal flow.

[0028] Based on the above-mentioned inert gas flow heating and precise temperature control pyrolysis reactor, the specific operation includes the following steps:

[0029] The inert gas is fed from the three-way valve 19 through the inlet 1 of the first gas electric heating heat storage device into the first gas electric heating heat storage device 3, wherein the first gas electric heating heat storage device 3 is a high-temperature heating device, and is heated to a set temperature by the first temperature control device 5, and flows out from the outlet 7 of the first gas electric heating heat storage device.

[0030] Alternatively, the inert gas is fed from the three-way valve 20 through the inlet 2 of the second gas electric heating heat storage device into the second gas electric heating heat storage device 4, which is a low-temperature heating device, and is heated to a set temperature by the second temperature control device 6, and flows out from the outlet 8 of the second gas electric heating heat storage device.

[0031] Then it passes through the solenoid valve 9. Through the setting of the solenoid valve, high-temperature heating or low-temperature heating can be selected, so that oscillating heating (sudden heating or cooling) can be achieved in a short time. High temperature and low temperature are relative temperature differences. The temperature difference between the two is determined by the first gas electric heating heat storage device 3 and the second gas electric heating heat storage device 4. Then the inert gas is sent into the cavity reactor 13 through the first inlet 10 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, the second inlet 12 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor and the gas inlet 11 inside the cavity reactor to pyrolyze the biomass inside the reactor. The outer layer of thermal insulation material 14 plays a heat-insulating role, reducing heat loss during the gas circulation process, so that the pyrolysis temperature remains stable; then it flows out through the second outlet 15 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, the first outlet 17 of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor and the gas outlet 16 inside the cavity reactor, and passes through the four-way valve 18. A part of the excess gas is discharged, and the other gas is sent to the three-way valve 19 (or three-way valve 2 20) as an inert gas source for recycling. The entire system can achieve low-cost, precise temperature control of biomass pyrolysis, avoiding the problem of inaccurate temperature measurement in traditional electric heating processes.

[0032] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inert gas flow heating and precise temperature control pyrolysis reactor, characterized in that: The reactor comprises a gas electric heating heat storage device, a temperature control device, a solenoid valve, a cavity reactor, a four-way valve, and a three-way valve; the gas electric heating heat storage devices are arranged in parallel; one end of the gas electric heating heat storage device is connected to the inlet end of the cavity reactor through the solenoid valve, the temperature control device is arranged between the gas electric heating heat storage device and the solenoid valve, the other end of the gas electric heating heat storage device is connected to the inert gas and the four-way valve through the three-way valve, and the outlet end of the cavity reactor is connected to the four-way valve.

2. The inert gas flow heating and precise temperature control pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: One or more gas electric heating heat storage devices are arranged, and the heating temperature ranges of the gas electric heating heat storage devices are different.

3. The inert gas flow heating and precise temperature control pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity reactor consists of three parts: the inner layer, the middle layer and the outer layer; the inner layer is a pyrolysis reaction layer, and the gas can continuously circulate inside to heat the biomass; the middle layer is a cavity layer, and hot inert gas circulates to ensure that the outer wall of the inner pyrolysis layer is an insulating layer to ensure that the temperature of the pyrolysis layer is uniform; the outer layer is a thermal insulation material to reduce the heat loss of the gas during the internal flow.

4. The inert gas flow heating and precise temperature control pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet end of the cavity reactor is provided with an internal gas inlet, a first inlet of a gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, and a second inlet of a gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor; the above-mentioned inlets converge at the outer end of the cavity reactor and are connected to the solenoid valve.

5. The inert gas flow heating and precise temperature control pyrolysis reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas outlet of the cavity reactor is provided with a second outlet of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor, an internal gas outlet of the cavity reactor and a first outlet of the gas circulation layer outside the cavity reactor; the above outlets converge at the outer end of the cavity reactor and are connected to the four-way valve.

6. The inert gas flow heating and precise temperature control pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas electric heating heat storage device is provided with an outlet of the gas electric heating heat storage device and is connected to a solenoid valve; the gas electric heating heat storage device is provided with an inlet of the gas electric heating heat storage device and is connected to a three-way valve.

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