Drying device and dryer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of grain processing, and discloses a drying device and a dryer, the drying device comprises a drying unit, the drying unit comprises a first drying layer, a middle tempering layer and a second drying layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the first drying layer communicates with a first air inlet pipe provided with a first air adjusting door, and the second drying layer communicates with a second air inlet pipe provided with a second air adjusting door; the second drying layer communicates with a second air inlet pipe provided with a second air adjusting door. The tempering unit is communicated with the second drying layer; the control unit is configured to adjust the opening degrees of cold air doors of the first air adjusting door and the second air adjusting door so that the air temperature of the first air inlet pipe can be larger than that of the second air inlet pipe when the grain moisture is larger than or equal to a preset moisture value; and when the grain moisture is smaller than the preset moisture value, the opening degrees of cold air doors of the first air adjusting door and the second air adjusting door are adjusted so that the air temperature of the first air inlet pipe can be close to or equal to that of the second air inlet pipe. According to the drying device and the dryer, the grain quality can be guaranteed, and the drying speed and the drying efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of grain processing, and specifically relates to a drying device and a drying machine. Background Art

[0002] In the field of grain drying, as people pursue drying efficiency, drying speed and grain quality, technicians have developed drying towers and dryers with mixed flow or cross-flow drying layers. At present, there are two widely used drying technologies. One drying technology adopts a drying method with a drying-slow drying-drying structure, and the other drying technology adopts a drying method with a full drying section structure. However, it is difficult for both drying technologies to simultaneously improve grain quality and drying efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a drying device and a drying machine, which can not only ensure the quality of grains but also improve the drying speed and drying efficiency.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present application provides a drying device on one hand, the drying device comprising:

[0005] A drying unit, the drying unit comprising a first drying layer, an intermediate slow-release layer, and a second drying layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the first drying layer being connected to a first air inlet pipe, the first air inlet pipe being provided with a first air regulating door for adjusting air temperature, the second drying layer being connected to a second air inlet pipe, the second air inlet pipe being provided with a second air regulating door for adjusting air temperature; and

[0006] The slow recovery unit is used for performing a slow recovery treatment on the grains after being dried by the second drying layer.

[0007] In some specific embodiments, the drying device further includes a control unit, which is respectively connected to the first air damper and the second air damper, and the control unit is configured as follows:

[0008] When the moisture content of the grain is greater than or equal to a preset moisture value, adjusting the opening of the first air regulating door and the second air regulating door so that the inlet air temperature of the first drying layer is greater than the inlet air temperature of the second drying layer;

[0009] When the grain moisture is less than the preset moisture value, the damper openings of the first damper and the second damper are adjusted so that the inlet air temperatures of the first drying layer and the second drying layer are equal or the inlet air temperature difference is less than or equal to the preset air temperature difference.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, the first air regulating door and the second air regulating door respectively include an air duct, a hot air damper and a plurality of cold air dampers, the air inlet end of the air duct of the first air regulating door is connected to the first air inlet pipe, the air inlet end of the air duct of the second air regulating door is connected to the second air inlet pipe, the hot air damper can adjust the opening and is arranged at the air inlet end of the air duct, and the cold air damper can adjust the opening and is connected between the air outlet end of the air duct and the external environment.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, the length of the first dry layer in the vertical direction is less than the length of the second dry layer; and / or,

[0012] The first drying layer and the second drying layer each include a plurality of angular box structures, wherein the plurality of angular box structures are arranged in multiple layers along the up-down direction, and the angular box structures of two adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, the drying unit further includes an air inlet main pipe, and the air inlet main pipe is connected to the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe respectively.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, the drying unit further includes an air outlet duct, and the air outlet duct is communicated with the first drying layer and the second drying layer respectively.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, one end of the air outlet duct covers a side of the drying unit, and a cross-sectional area of ​​the other end gradually decreases in a direction away from the drying unit.

[0016] In some specific embodiments, the slow revival unit is arranged above the first drying layer and communicated with the first drying layer, and the drying device also includes a circulation unit and a lifting unit. The circulation unit is arranged below the second drying layer and communicated with the second drying layer for discharging, and the lifting unit is respectively connected to the circulation unit and the slow revival unit and is used to transfer the grain in the circulation unit to the slow revival unit.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, the circulation unit has a discharge structure for controlling the discharge amount.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, the length of the slow recovery unit in the up-down direction is greater than or equal to the length of the drying unit.

[0019] On the other hand, the present application further provides a drying machine, which includes the above-mentioned drying device.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, the drying unit of the drying device adopts a drying-slow-drying structure, and air regulating doors are respectively provided in the two drying layers. In this way, the drying device can adjust the drying temperature of the two drying layers according to the moisture content of the grain, thereby ensuring the grain drying quality and improving the grain drying efficiency and drying speed.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drying device according to a specific implementation mode of the utility model.

[0024] Description of Reference Numerals

[0025] 11 First drying layer 12 Intermediate slow-release layer

[0026] 13 Second drying layer 21 First air inlet pipe

[0027] 22 First air damper 23 Second air inlet pipe

[0028] 24 Second damper 25 Air inlet main pipe

[0029] 26 Air outlet duct 3 Slow-release unit

[0030] 4 Circulation unit 5 Lifting unit DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The specific implementation of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and is not used to limit the present application.

[0032] The principle of the dryer (dryer) is to allow hot air to enter the dryer drying system to heat the grains and take away the evaporated moisture from the grains, thereby achieving the purpose of drying the grains. The solubilization layer is a system that maintains the grain temperature and the continuous outward diffusion of grain moisture. In the prior art, the grain drying quality of the drying method using a drying-slow solubilization-drying structure is relatively good, but the grain drying and dehydration speed is slow and the drying efficiency is low. The drying method using a full drying section structure has a relatively low operating temperature and good drying uniformity, but the grain is in a continuous hot air drying state, that is, the grain temperature is equivalent to the hot air temperature. Over time, the grain is prone to cracks and damage.

[0033] In view of this, if Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides a drying device, which includes a drying unit and a slow refrigeration unit 3. The drying unit includes a first drying layer 11, an intermediate slow refrigeration layer 12, and a second drying layer 13 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the first drying layer 11 is connected to a first air inlet pipe 21, and a first air regulating door 22 for adjusting the air temperature is provided on the first air inlet pipe 21, and the second drying layer 13 is connected to a second air inlet pipe 23, and a second air regulating door 24 for adjusting the air temperature is provided on the second air inlet pipe 23. The slow refrigeration unit 3 is used to perform slow refrigeration treatment on the grains dried by the second drying layer 13.

[0034] After the grains are subjected to high-temperature heat exchange in the first drying layer 11, the moisture is balanced in the intermediate slow-refreshing layer 12, and the moisture is taken away in the second drying layer 13, so as to adjust the grain temperature and ensure the quality of the grains after drying. Since the drying unit is provided with two drying layers, an intermediate slow-refreshing layer is provided between the two drying layers, and the two drying layers are respectively provided with air dampers, the drying unit can independently adjust the air damper opening of the first air damper 22 and the second air damper 24 according to the moisture content of the grains, so that the air inlet temperature of the first drying layer 11 is different from the air inlet temperature of the second drying layer 13, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the drying temperature of the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 respectively, and then being able to effectively ensure the grain drying quality and improve the grain drying efficiency and drying speed. In addition, the drying device is also provided with a slow-refreshing unit 3, which is used to perform a slow-refreshing treatment on the grains after drying through the second drying layer 13, which can further improve the grain drying efficiency and grain drying quality. Among them, the setting position of the slow revival unit 3 is not limited. When the drying device adopts a circulating drying method for the grains, the slow revival unit 3 can be set above the first drying layer 11; or, the slow revival unit 3 can also be set below the second drying layer 13, etc.

[0035] Specifically, the drying device can set a preset moisture value of the grain moisture. When the grain moisture is greater than or equal to the preset moisture value, the drying device can adopt the differential temperature drying technology. That is, the air door openings in the first air door 22 and the second air door 24 are adjusted so that the hot air temperature of the first drying layer 11 is greater than or equal to the hot air temperature of the second drying layer 13. In this way, when the grain is in a high moisture state, by increasing the hot air temperature of the first drying layer 11, the hot air and the grain undergo rapid heat exchange, and the free water and part of the bound water in the grain are quickly released. Then the grain balances the moisture in the middle slow-relief layer, and the hot air in the second drying layer 13 takes away the moisture precipitated on the surface of the grain. At the same time, the grain temperature is adjusted in the second drying layer 13 so that the grain temperature of the grain entering the slow-relief unit 3 is not too high, thereby ensuring the grain quality, reducing the crack rate and thermal damage, and also improving the drying speed.

[0036] When the moisture content of the grain is less than the preset moisture value, the moisture content of the grain is close to the safe storage moisture content and the moisture uniformity of the grain is good. At this time, the hot air temperature can be lowered by adjusting the air valve openings in the first air regulating valve 22 and the second air regulating valve 24 so that the temperature of the hot air entering the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 is close to or equal. That is, the low-temperature method is used to continue drying the remaining grain moisture to the safe storage moisture content, thereby reducing the heat source energy consumption.

[0037] Optionally, the drying device may further include a control unit (not shown in the figure), which is respectively connected to the first air regulating door 22 and the second air regulating door 24, and the control unit is configured as follows:

[0038] When the moisture content of the grain is greater than or equal to a preset moisture content, the air door openings of the first air door 22 and the second air door 24 are adjusted so that the air inlet temperature of the first drying layer 11 is greater than the air inlet temperature of the second drying layer 13;

[0039] When the moisture content of the grain is less than the preset moisture value, the damper openings in the first damper 22 and the second damper 24 are adjusted to make the inlet air temperatures of the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 equal, or to make the inlet air temperature difference between the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 less than or equal to the preset temperature difference, so that the inlet air temperatures of the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 are nearly equal.

[0040] Among them, the preset wind temperature difference can be set to 1°C or less than 1°C. When the difference between the inlet air temperatures of the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 is less than or equal to the preset wind temperature difference, the inlet air temperatures of the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 are almost equal.

[0041] In this way, automatic control of the drying device can be achieved, making the drying process more convenient and improving production efficiency. The moisture content of the grain can be detected by manually extracting samples, or a real-time online grain moisture detection instrument can be set in the drying device for detection, and the control unit is connected to the grain moisture detection instrument for communication and can receive the detection value of the grain moisture.

[0042] Optionally, the first air regulating door 22 and the second air regulating door 24 respectively include an air duct, a hot air damper and a plurality of cold air dampers. The air inlet end of the air duct of the first air regulating door 22 is connected to the first air inlet pipe 21, and the air outlet end of the air duct of the first air regulating door 22 is connected to the first drying layer 11. The air inlet end of the air duct of the second air regulating door 24 is connected to the second air inlet pipe 23, and the air outlet end of the air duct of the second air regulating door 24 is connected to the second drying layer 13. The hot air damper can adjust the opening and is set at the air inlet end of the air duct, and the cold air damper can adjust the opening and is connected between the air outlet end of the air duct and the external environment.

[0043] When the control unit adjusts the air door opening of the first air door 22 and the second air door 24, it can be achieved by controlling the air door opening of the hot air door and / or the cold air door. For example, the air door opening of the cold air door or the hot air door can be controlled separately, or the air door openings of the hot air door and the cold air door can be adjusted at the same time. By adjusting the air door openings of the hot air door and the cold air door, the air volume ratio of the hot air and the cold air entering the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 can be changed, thereby adjusting the air temperature of the inlet air of the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13.

[0044] Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, the length of the first drying layer 11 in the vertical direction is less than that of the second drying layer 13. In this way, when the differential temperature method is used to dry grains, it is possible to avoid the grains being dried too long in the first drying layer 11, which may lead to an increase in crack rate and thermal damage, thereby ensuring the grain quality. The length of the middle slow-release layer 12 in the vertical direction is respectively less than that of the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13, thereby ensuring the grain quality while improving the drying speed and drying efficiency.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the drying unit further includes an air inlet main pipe 25, which is respectively connected to the first air inlet pipe 21 and the second air inlet pipe 23. In this way, the first air inlet pipe 21 and the second air inlet pipe 23 share one air inlet main pipe 25, which can make the structure more concise and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the drying unit further includes an air outlet duct 26, which is respectively connected to the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 to discharge hot air with more moisture.

[0047] Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, one end of the air outlet duct 26 covers the side of the drying unit, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the other end gradually decreases in the direction away from the drying unit. In this way, the structure of the air outlet duct 26 can be made more reasonable, and the hot air flow of the drying unit can be made smoother. In addition, the drying unit of the drying device of the present application has air intake at one end and air outlet at the other end, and the air intake duct is short, which is not easy to have a drying dead corner, has a high heat utilization rate, and is also conducive to reducing the cracking rate of grains.

[0048] Optionally, the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 each include a plurality of angular box structures, the plurality of angular box structures are arranged in multiple layers in the up-down direction, and the angular box structures of two adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner. The first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 adopt an angular box structure and a mixed flow process, with a low operating temperature and good drying uniformity. Moreover, the angular box structures of two adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner, and the grains fall in the first drying layer 11 and the second drying layer 13 in an S state, and the drying uniformity is better.

[0049] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the slow revival unit 3 is arranged above the first drying layer 11 and communicated with the first drying layer 11, and the drying device further comprises a circulation unit 4 and a lifting unit 5, the circulation unit 4 is arranged below the second drying layer 13 and communicated with the second drying layer 13 for discharging, and the lifting unit 5 is respectively connected with the circulation unit 4 and the slow revival unit 3 and is used to transfer the grains in the circulation unit 4 upward to the slow revival unit 3. In this way, the grains can circulate in the drying unit, the circulation unit 4, the lifting unit 5 and the slow revival unit 3, and the grains are kept continuously dried until the safe storage moisture is reached.

[0050] Furthermore, the circulation unit 4 may have a discharge structure for controlling the discharge amount, so that the circulation speed of the grains can be controlled according to the moisture content of the grains, which is beneficial for the drying device to take into account the drying efficiency, drying speed and drying quality of the grains. The discharge structure may be an opening and closing gate structure with adjustable opening or a screw conveyor with adjustable conveying speed.

[0051] Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, the length of the slow-release unit 3 in the vertical direction can be greater than or equal to the length of the drying unit. In this way, the drying uniformity of the grains can be better, and the drying quality of the grains can be effectively guaranteed to avoid cracks and damage to the grains.

[0052] It should be noted that in the present application, structures such as the air damper, the lifting unit 5, the circulation unit 4, the discharge structure and the angular box structure are well known to those skilled in the art and do not belong to the core improvement part of the present application, so they will not be repeated here.

[0053] In addition, the present application also provides a dryer, which includes the above-mentioned drying device. Since the dryer includes the above-mentioned drying device, it also has all the technical effects brought by the drying device, so it will not be repeated. The dryer may also include a hot air furnace for providing hot air, a grain moisture detection instrument, a grain ash, impurity and husk air separation device or a rack, etc.

[0054] In summary, the drying device and the drying unit of the dryer of the utility model can adjust the temperature of grains, ensure the quality of grains, and improve the drying speed and drying efficiency of grains through the drying + slow thawing + drying + air damper structure.

[0055] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0056] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A drying device, characterized in that: include: A drying unit, the drying unit comprising a first drying layer (11), an intermediate slow-release layer (12) and a second drying layer (13) arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the first drying layer (11) being connected to a first air inlet pipe (21), the first air inlet pipe (21) being provided with a first air regulating door (22) for regulating air temperature, the second drying layer (13) being connected to a second air inlet pipe (23), the second air inlet pipe (23) being provided with a second air regulating door (24) for regulating air temperature; and The slow recovery unit (3) is used to perform a slow recovery treatment on the grains after being dried by the second drying layer (13).

2. The drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying device further comprises a control unit, wherein the control unit is respectively connected to the first air regulating door (22) and the second air regulating door (24) for control, and the control unit is configured as follows: When the moisture content of the grain is greater than or equal to a preset moisture content, adjusting the air door openings of the first air door (22) and the second air door (24) so ​​that the air inlet temperature of the first drying layer (11) is greater than the air inlet temperature of the second drying layer (13); When the moisture content of the grain is less than the preset moisture value, the air door openings of the first air door (22) and the second air door (24) are adjusted so that the inlet air temperatures of the first drying layer (11) and the second drying layer (13) are equal or the difference in inlet air temperatures is less than or equal to a preset air temperature difference.

3. The drying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first air regulating door (22) and the second air regulating door (24) respectively comprise an air duct, a hot air damper and a plurality of cold air dampers; the air inlet end of the air duct of the first air regulating door (22) is connected to the first air inlet pipe (21); the air inlet end of the air duct of the second air regulating door (24) is connected to the second air inlet pipe (23); the hot air damper can adjust the opening degree and is arranged at the air inlet end of the air duct; the cold air damper can adjust the opening degree and is connected between the air outlet end of the air duct and the external environment.

4. The drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the up-down direction, the length of the first drying layer (11) is shorter than the length of the second drying layer (13); and / or, The first drying layer (11) and the second drying layer (13) both include a plurality of angular box structures, wherein the plurality of angular box structures are arranged in multiple layers in the up-down direction, and the angular box structures of two adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner.

5. The drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying unit further comprises an air inlet main pipe (25), and the air inlet main pipe (25) is respectively connected to the first air inlet pipe (21) and the second air inlet pipe (23).

6. The drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying unit further comprises an air outlet duct (26), wherein the air outlet duct (26) is respectively connected to the first drying layer (11) and the second drying layer (13).

7. The drying device according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the air outlet duct (26) covers the side of the drying unit, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the other end gradually decreases in the direction away from the drying unit.

8. The drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slow revival unit (3) is arranged above the first drying layer (11) and is connected to the first drying layer (11). The drying device also includes a circulation unit (4) and a lifting unit (5). The circulation unit (4) is arranged below the second drying layer (13) and is connected to the second drying layer (13) for discharging. The lifting unit (5) is respectively connected to the circulation unit (4) and the slow revival unit (3) and is used to transfer the grains in the circulation unit (4) to the slow revival unit (3).

9. The drying device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The circulation unit (4) has a discharge structure for controlling the discharge amount.

10. The drying device according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the up-down direction, the length of the slow recovery unit (3) is greater than the length of the drying unit.

11. A drying machine, characterized in that: The drying device comprises the drying device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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