Protection assembly and battery cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a protection assembly and a battery cell, and the protection assembly comprises a bottom plate which is suitable for being arranged on a battery cell pole group and is used for separating a safety device from the battery cell pole group; and the side plate is fixed on the upper side surface of the bottom plate and is suitable for abutting against a battery cell cover plate. The safety device and the pole group in the safety device can be separated, when the fuse is fused, fusing metal slag can be prevented from falling into the pole group, and new short circuit and thermal runaway are prevented from being caused. In addition, the protection assembly is blocked between the liquid injection hole and the pole group, the protection assembly can buffer the electrolyte when the electrolyte is injected, and the electrolyte can flow into the pole group from the electrolyte channel formed in the side plate, so that the electrolyte is prevented from directly washing the pole piece, and the pole piece is prevented from falling off.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lithium battery safety, and specifically to a protective component and a battery cell. Background Art

[0002] In electric vehicles, the battery cell is an important component and is also closely related to the safety of electric vehicles. The battery cell is a component that stores and releases energy. Its design and use quality directly affect the performance and safety of electric vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries are one of the main types of batteries currently used in electric vehicles. They are characterized by large energy storage and high power density, so they are widely used in electric vehicles.

[0003] However, there is a risk of thermal runaway in the use of lithium-ion batteries, which is one of the main causes of fires in electric vehicles. There are many reasons for thermal runaway, such as excessive charging and discharging current of the battery cell, insulation failure, and excessively high operating temperature of the battery cell. Due to these reasons, the battery cells of electric vehicles need to adopt better safety designs to reduce the possibility of thermal runaway in the market. In the design process of the battery cell, corresponding safety strategies need to be provided for different types of thermal runaway. For example, in response to battery short-circuit accidents, the battery cell uses a safety device containing a fuse to disconnect the circuit in advance. The fuse is connected to the positive and negative connecting plates of the battery cell to prevent the occurrence of thermal runaway. Through this design, the fuse can quickly cut off the circuit when the current is too large or the battery is short-circuited, preventing the current from passing through, thereby avoiding excessive discharge and heating of the battery.

[0004] However, there are still some problems with the existing safety devices. When the fuse inside the device blows, the fuse break sometimes produces melted metal slag, and the detached metal slag may fall into the electrode group, causing a new short circuit and leading to thermal runaway. This brings new risks to the safety of electric vehicles. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to propose a protective component and a battery cell to address the above technical problems.

[0006] In one aspect of the present application, a protection component is provided, comprising:

[0007] A bottom plate, which is suitable for being arranged on the battery cell electrode group and separating the safety device and the battery cell electrode group;

[0008] The side plate is fixed on the upper side of the bottom plate and is suitable for abutting against the battery cover plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the side plate is fixed to a side edge of the bottom plate facing the cell cover plate, and the bottom plate and the side plate are connected to form a box body capable of accommodating the connecting piece and the safety device.

[0010] In some embodiments, a clearance opening is formed on the side plate at a position corresponding to the pole ear, which is suitable for connecting the connecting piece to the pole ear.

[0011] In some embodiments, an electrolyte channel is opened on the side plate.

[0012] In a second aspect of the present application, a battery cell is also proposed, which includes the protection component described above.

[0013] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0014] A pole ear, arranged on one side of the protective component;

[0015] A pole group, arranged below the protection assembly and abutting against the bottom plate;

[0016] The cover plate is arranged above the protection component and abuts against the side plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0018] A connecting piece, disposed in the protection assembly and connected to the pole ear;

[0019] A safety device is connected to the connecting piece.

[0020] In some embodiments, the protective component is disposed below the battery cell injection hole.

[0021] In some embodiments, a plurality of electrolyte channels are provided on the side plate.

[0022] In some embodiments, the size of the bottom plate is larger than the size of the connecting piece, and the connecting piece abuts against the upper side of the bottom plate.

[0023] The above technical solution enhances the safety of electric vehicle cells and reduces the risk of thermal runaway. Specifically, the solution achieves the following beneficial effects by introducing protective components and cell designs:

[0024] Preventing metal slag from causing new short circuits: The protective component in the present application can separate the fuse and the pole group in the fuse device. When the fuse blows, it can prevent the molten metal slag from falling into the pole group, avoiding causing new short circuits and causing thermal runaway.

[0025] Improve the safety of electrolyte injection: the protective component blocks the injection hole and the electrode group. When the electrolyte is injected, the protective component can buffer the electrolyte. The electrolyte can flow into the electrode group from the electrolyte channel opened on the side panel to prevent the electrolyte from directly flushing to the electrode and causing the electrode to fall off.

[0026] In short, this technical solution improves the safety of electric vehicle batteries and reduces the risk of thermal runaway by optimizing the design of fuses and battery cells, which plays a positive role in ensuring the safe operation of electric vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing a protective component in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing part of the structure inside a battery cell in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0029] In the figure: 1. protective component; 11. bottom plate; 12. side plate; 121. clearance port; 122. electrolyte channel; 2. pole ear; 3. pole group; 4. cover plate; 41. liquid injection hole; 5. connecting piece; 6. safety device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] As described in the background technology, in response to battery short circuit accidents, the battery core uses a fuse to disconnect the circuit in advance to prevent the occurrence of thermal runaway. Through this design, the fuse can quickly cut off the circuit when the current is too large or the battery is short-circuited, preventing the current from passing through, thereby avoiding excessive discharge and heating of the battery. However, there are still some problems with the existing fuse design. When a fuse is blown, sometimes melted metal slag will be generated at the break of the fuse, and the detached metal slag may fall into the pole group, thereby causing a new short circuit and causing thermal runaway. This brings new risks to the safety of electric vehicles.

[0034] In order to improve the above problems, in the first aspect of the present application, a protective component 1 is proposed, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which mainly includes a bottom plate 11 and a side plate 12.

[0035] Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment, the bottom plate 11 is a part of the protection component 1, which is a flat component that covers the electrode group 3 and serves to separate the battery cell fuse device 6 and the battery cell electrode group 3. When the fuse device 6 is blown, the bottom plate 11 can prevent the melted metal slag from falling into the electrode group 3, avoiding the occurrence of a new short circuit and thermal runaway.

[0036] Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment, in the prior art, the cell safety device 6 is connected to the connecting piece 5 of the cell, and the size of the bottom plate 11 is usually larger than that of the connecting piece 5 , so that the connecting piece 5 can abut against the upper side of the bottom plate 11 .

[0037] Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment, the bottom plate 11 is made of insulating material.

[0038] Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment, the side plate 12 is adapted to abut against the lower end surface of the cell cover plate 4, and the side plate 12 is integrally connected to a side surface of the bottom plate 11 facing the cell cover plate 4, and is connected to the edge of the bottom plate 11. The side plate 12 is formed as a rectangular flat plate perpendicular to the bottom plate 11, and the side plate 12 can further isolate the fuse 6 and the pole group 3, preventing the molten metal slag from sliding from the bottom plate 11 to the inside of the pole group 3, avoiding the initiation of a new short circuit and the occurrence of thermal runaway.

[0039] Further, in the exemplary embodiment, a clearance opening 121 is formed on the side plate 12 at a position corresponding to the pole lug 2. The clearance opening 121 is used to enable the connection piece 5 to be connected to the pole lug 2. The connection piece 5 can be directly welded to the pole lug 2 through the clearance opening 121.

[0040] Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment, the combination of the bottom plate 11 and the side plate 12 forms a square box body that accommodates the connecting piece 5 and the battery cell fuse 6. The design of this box body is intended to protect the safety of the battery cell and prevent short circuits and overheating. Through the combination of the bottom plate 11 and the side plate 12, the fuse 6 and the electrode group 3 can be isolated, reducing the possibility of a new short circuit and improving the safety of the battery cell.

[0041] Further, in some embodiments, in actual application, the protective component 1 is suitable for being placed directly below the battery cell injection hole 41, so as to prevent the electrolyte from flushing the pole piece during the injection process. To facilitate the electrolyte to flow out of the protective component 1, one or more electrolyte channels 122 are provided on the side plate 12. The electrolyte channels 122 can be some small holes and are evenly distributed on the side plate 12. When the electrolyte is injected, the protective component 1 can buffer the electrolyte, and the electrolyte can flow into the pole group 3 from the electrolyte channels 122 provided on the side plate 12, so as to prevent the electrolyte from directly flushing the pole piece, causing the pole piece to fall off.

[0042] Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment, two current channels are provided and are formed into rectangular hole shapes.

[0043] In a second aspect of the present application, a battery cell is also provided, which includes a pole ear 2, a pole group 3, a cover plate 4, a connecting piece 5, a safety device 6, a housing and the protective assembly 1 mentioned above.

[0044] Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment, the protection assembly 1 is arranged on one side of the pole ear 2; the pole group 3 is arranged below the protection assembly 1 and abuts against the bottom plate 11; the cover plate 4 is arranged above the protection assembly 1 of the safety device 6 and abuts against the top of the side plate 12. The connecting piece 5 abuts against the upper side of the bottom plate 11 and is welded to the pole ear 2 through the clearance opening 121 on the side plate 12; the safety device 6, connected to the connecting piece 5, can quickly cut off the circuit when the current is too large or the battery is short-circuited, preventing the current from passing, thereby avoiding excessive discharge and heating of the battery.

[0045] In summary, the protective component 1 in the present application can separate the fuse 6 from the pole group 3. When the fuse 6 is blown, it can prevent the melted metal slag from falling into the pole group 3, avoiding causing a new short circuit and causing thermal runaway. In addition, the protective component 1 is blocked between the injection hole 41 and the pole group 3. When the electrolyte is injected, the protective component 1 can buffer the electrolyte. The electrolyte can flow into the pole group 3 from the electrolyte channel 122 opened on the side plate 12, preventing the electrolyte from directly flushing to the pole piece, causing the pole piece to fall off. In short, this technical solution improves the safety of the electric vehicle battery cell and reduces the risk of thermal runaway by optimizing the design of the fuse 6 and the battery cell, which has a positive role in ensuring the safe operation of electric vehicles.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A protective component, characterized in that ,include: A bottom plate, which is suitable for being arranged on the battery cell electrode group and separating the safety device from the battery cell electrode group; A side plate fixed to the upper side of the bottom plate and adapted to abut against the cell cover plate; The side plate is fixed to a side edge of the bottom plate facing the battery cover plate, and the bottom plate and the side plate are connected to form a box body capable of accommodating a connecting piece and a safety device.

2. The protective assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that A clearance opening is formed on the side plate at a position corresponding to the pole ear, which is suitable for connecting the connecting piece to the pole ear.

3. The protective assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that , an electrolyte channel is provided on the side plate.

4. A battery cell, characterized in that ,include: A protective assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The battery cell according to claim 4, characterized in that , also includes: A pole ear, arranged on one side of the protective component; A pole group, arranged below the protection assembly and abutting against the bottom plate; The cover plate is arranged above the protection component and abuts against the side plate.

6. The battery cell according to claim 5, characterized in that , also includes: A connecting piece, disposed in the protection assembly and connected to the pole ear; A safety device is connected to the connecting piece.

7. The battery cell according to claim 4, characterized in that , the protective component is arranged below the battery cell injection hole.

8. The battery cell according to claim 7, characterized in that , there are multiple electrolyte channels on the side plate.

9. The battery cell according to claim 6, characterized in that , the size of the base plate is larger than the size of the connecting piece, and the connecting piece abuts against the upper side of the base plate.

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