Physiological information monitoring system
By using magnetic components and magnetic suction parts in the application device of the continuous blood glucose monitor, combined with the function of the driving mechanism, the problem of electronic device falling off is solved, and the stable maintenance of electronic devices and user convenience is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323056841.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-11-13
AI Technical Summary
Before the electronic devices of the existing continuous blood glucose monitor are applied to the human body surface, due to insufficient force of the slot, the electronic devices may fall off from the application device during use, affecting the normal use of the user.
By introducing magnetic parts and magnetic suction portions of electronic devices into the application device, the electronic device is stably retained in the accommodating portion of the application device by magnetic force, and the electronic device is applied to the host by a driving mechanism when necessary.
It effectively reduces the risk of electronic devices falling off during use, ensuring the stability of electronic devices and the normal user experience.
Smart Images

Figure CN222487403U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model generally relates to the field of artificial intelligence, and specifically relates to a physiological information monitoring system. Background Art
[0002] For the needs of clinical diagnosis or personal health monitoring, it is usually necessary to continuously monitor the physiological information of the human body. For example, for diabetic patients, it is very necessary to monitor the glucose concentration of tissue fluid in real time and continuously on a daily basis, and timely adjust the glucose concentration by, for example, adjusting diet or applying drug treatment, so as to reduce and reduce the occurrence of complications caused by abnormal glucose concentration. A continuous blood glucose monitor is a device for continuously monitoring the glucose concentration of the human body. A continuous blood glucose monitor usually includes an application device. A sensor and an electronic device, wherein the sensor and the electronic device are applied to the skin surface of the human body through an application device, the sensor is implanted on the body surface to detect the recognized physiological information, and the electronic device receives the physiological information obtained by the sensor, so as to realize dynamic monitoring of the glucose concentration of the tissue fluid in the human body. Before being applied to the surface of the human body, the electronic device is usually received in the application device, and then the application device is aligned with the application position, and then the electronic device is pushed by the application device so that the electronic device is released and applied to the body surface.
[0003] Currently, before an electronic device is applied to the human body surface, a card slot is usually provided in the application device to keep the electronic device in the application device. Since the electronic device needs to be pushed later to release the electronic device and apply it to the body surface, the force of the card slot is usually not very strong.
[0004] However, due to production tolerances, the card slot structure of some batches may have a weak force on the electronic device, which is not enough to stably accommodate the electronic device in the application device, which may cause the electronic device to fall off from the application device during use, causing inconvenience to the user's normal use. Summary of the invention
[0005] The utility model is proposed in view of the above situation, and aims to provide a physiological information monitoring system which can stably keep an electronic device in an application device when in use.
[0006] To this end, the utility model provides a physiological information monitoring system, including an application device, a sensor and an electronic device, wherein the application device applies the sensor and the electronic device to a host to obtain physiological information of the host, the application device includes a driving mechanism, a housing for accommodating the electronic device, and a magnetic component, the sensor obtains physiological information of the host and is coupled to the electronic device, and the electronic device includes a magnetic attraction portion; wherein the magnetic component applies a magnetic force along a first direction to the magnetic attraction portion so that the electronic device is retained in the housing portion, and the driving mechanism drives the housing portion to move in a second direction opposite to the first direction so that the electronic device is applied to the host, and the second direction is a direction toward the host.
[0007] In the utility model, the applying device has a magnetic component, and the electronic device includes a magnetic attraction portion. The electronic device can be kept in the accommodating portion of the applying device through the force of the magnetic component on the magnetic attraction portion. In this case, when the electronic device needs to be applied to the host through the applying device, the electronic device can be stably kept in the applying device through the action of the magnetic force, thereby reducing the inconvenience caused to the user's normal use due to the electronic device falling off the applying device.
[0008] In addition, in the physiological information monitoring system of the present invention, optionally, when projected along the first direction, the magnetic component and the magnetic attraction portion at least partially overlap, thereby facilitating the magnetic component to apply a magnetic force along the first direction to the magnetic attraction portion.
[0009] In addition, in the physiological information monitoring system of the present invention, optionally, the applying device includes a supporting portion, and the magnetic component is arranged on the supporting portion. Thus, the magnetic component can be arranged on the applying device more stably, thereby improving the stability of the magnetic component.
[0010] In addition, in the physiological information monitoring system of the present utility model, optionally, the accommodating portion includes a groove for accommodating the electronic device, the opening of the groove is provided with a protrusion, and the electronic device is provided with a notch matching the protrusion. In this case, the electronic device can be further stably held in the accommodating portion by the cooperation between the notch of the electronic device and the protrusion of the accommodating portion.
[0011] In addition, in the physiological information monitoring system of the utility model, optionally, the magnetic component is arranged in the groove. In this case, the magnetic component and the electronic device are both located in the groove of the receiving portion, the distance between the magnetic component and the electronic device is small, and the magnetic force of the magnetic component on the electronic device is strong, which is conducive to keeping the electronic device in the receiving portion more stably.
[0012] In addition, in the physiological information monitoring system involved in the utility model, optionally, the magnetic attraction part is a power module, and the power module includes a positive pole shell and a negative pole shell, and the positive pole shell and / or the negative pole shell are made of magnetic material. Thus, the magnetic attraction part is a power module, which can provide electrical energy to the electronic device, and the magnetic component can keep the electronic device in the accommodating part by acting on the positive pole shell and / or the negative pole shell of the power module.
[0013] In addition, in the physiological information monitoring system of the present invention, optionally, the positive electrode shell and / or the negative electrode shell is made of carbon steel. Thus, the positive electrode shell or the negative electrode shell can have good mechanical strength to protect the internal battery structure, good conductivity, and relatively light weight.
[0014] In addition, in the physiological information monitoring system of the present invention, optionally, the plane where the positive electrode shell is located and the plane where the negative electrode shell is located are orthogonal to the first direction. This can help increase the area of action of the magnetic component on the power module, thereby helping to keep the electronic device more stably in the accommodating portion.
[0015] In addition, in the physiological information monitoring system involved in the present invention, optionally, the electronic device further includes a switch module and a processing module, and the switch module controls the on-off of the power module and the processing module.
[0016] In addition, in the physiological information monitoring system involved in the utility model, optionally, the switch module is a magnetically controlled switch, and when the magnetic field of the magnetic component is not less than a preset value, the power module and the processing module are controlled to be disconnected, and when the magnetic field of the magnetic component is less than the preset value, the power module and the processing unit are controlled to be connected. In this case, the magnetic component can also play a role in controlling the on and off of the power module. When the electronic device is close to the magnetic component (for example, before the electronic device is applied to the host), the power module does not supply power, and when the electronic device is far away from the magnetic component (for example, the electronic device has been applied to the host), the power module supplies power, thereby reducing the power loss of the power module and increasing the service life of the electronic device.
[0017] According to the utility model, a physiological information monitoring system can be provided which can stably keep an electronic device in an application device when in use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The present invention will now be explained in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram showing an application scenario of the physiological information monitoring system involved in the example of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the physiological information monitoring system involved in the example of the utility model.
[0021] Figure 3 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an application device according to an example of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 4 It is a block diagram showing the composition of the electronic device involved in the example of the utility model.
[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the electronic device and sensor involved in the example of the utility model.
[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram showing the magnetic component and the supporting part involved in the example of the utility model.
[0025] Description of reference numerals:
[0026] Host...800, physiological information monitoring system...100, application device...10, electronic device...20, sensor...30, accommodating portion...11, driving mechanism...12, magnetic component...13, supporting portion...14, protrusion...111, power module...21, switch module...22, processing module...23, magnetic attraction portion...25, recess...26, application portion...28, first direction...D1, second direction...D2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. In the following description, the same symbols are given to the same components, and repeated descriptions are omitted. In addition, the drawings are only schematic diagrams, and the ratio of the sizes of the components to each other or the shapes of the components may be different from the actual ones.
[0029] The utility model relates to a physiological information monitoring system, which can keep an electronic device stably in an application device when in use. In this embodiment, it can also be generally referred to as a transmitter, a sensor application device, a needle aid, a needle aid device, etc.
[0030] The physiological information monitoring system 100 of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram showing an application scenario of the physiological information monitoring system 100 involved in the example of the present utility model. Figure 2 Schematic diagram showing the structure of a physiological information monitoring system 100 according to an example of the present utility model.
[0032] The physiological information monitoring system 100 of the present invention may include an application device 10, an electronic device 20 and a sensor 30 (see Figure 1 or Figure 2 ).
[0033] In some examples, the electronic device 20 may be detachably assembled from the application device 10. In other words, the electronic device 20 may be detachably provided to the application device 10.
[0034] In some examples, application device 10 may be configured to apply electronic device 20 and sensor 30 to host 800 .
[0035] See also Figure 1 After the application device 10 applies the electronic device 20 and the sensor 30 to the host 800 , the sensor 30 can be implanted in the body of the host 800 , and the electronic device 20 can be located on the body surface of the host 800 .
[0036] although Figure 1The wearing positions of the electronic device 20 and the sensor 30 are shown, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, the electronic device 20 and the sensor 30 may also be worn on the abdomen, waist, legs, etc.
[0037] In some examples, the sensor 30 may obtain physiological information of the host 800. For example, the sensor 30 may obtain concentration information of an analyte in the host.
[0038] In some examples, the sensor 30 can generate information about a specific analyte in the body fluid based on the body fluid, for example, by reacting with the analyte in the body fluid and generating analyte information. In this case, the sensor 30 reacts with the analyte in the body fluid, thereby facilitating the acquisition of analyte information in the body fluid.
[0039] In this embodiment, the analyte targeted by the sensor 30 device can be one or more of glucose, uric acid, myocardial enzymes, lactic acid, dopamine, acetylcholine, amylase, bilirubin, cholesterol, chorionic gonadotropin, creatine kinase, creatine, creatinine, DNA, fructosamine, glutamine, growth hormone, hormones, ketone bodies, lactate, oxygen, peroxide, prostate-specific antigen, prothrombin, RNA, thyroid-stimulating hormone or troponin.
[0040] In this embodiment, the sensor 30 can detect the analyte in the tissue fluid, but the analyte concentration in the tissue fluid and the analyte concentration in the blood are often strongly correlated, and the analyte concentration in the blood can also be determined by detecting the analyte in the tissue fluid.
[0041] In some examples, the electronic device 20 may receive the physiological information acquired by the sensor 30. In some examples, the electronic device 20 may further process the physiological information.
[0042] In some examples, the sensor 30 may be coupled to the electronic device 20 , so that the electronic device 20 can receive the physiological information acquired by the sensor 30 .
[0043] In some examples, specifically, the sensor 30 may include a sensing portion and a connecting portion, the sensing portion may be implanted on the body surface of the host 800 to contact the tissue fluid in the body, and the connecting portion may be connected to the electronic device 20 located on the body surface.
[0044] In some examples, the electronic device 20 may also send the received physiological information or the processed physiological information to other devices. For example, the electronic device 20 may transmit the physiological information to a reading device by, for example, wireless means, thereby facilitating reading and monitoring the physiological information of the host 800.
[0045] Figure 31 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an application device 10 according to an example of the present invention.
[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, in some examples, the applying device 10 may include a receiving portion 11 , a driving mechanism 12 , and a magnetic component 13 .
[0047] In some examples, the receiving portion 11 is configured to receive the electronic device 20 and the sensor 30 .
[0048] In some examples, magnetic component 13 may be used to generate a magnetic field.
[0049] In some examples, the magnetic component 13 may be a permanent magnet. In this case, the magnetic component 13 can have a relatively constant magnetism, thereby generating a relatively stable magnetic field.
[0050] In some examples, the magnetic component 13 can apply a magnetic force in the first direction D1 to the electronic device 20. In some examples, the magnetic component 13 can apply a magnetic force in the first direction D1 to the electronic device 20 to keep the electronic device 20 in the receiving portion 11. In other words, the magnetic component 13 can stably position the electronic device 20 in the receiving portion 11 through the action of the magnetic force. Thus, before and during the application device 10 applies the electronic device 20 and the sensor 30 to the host 800, it is possible to reduce the inconvenience caused to the user's normal use by the electronic device 20 falling off from the application device 10.
[0051] In some examples, the electronic device 20 may include a magnetic material. In other words, the material of the electronic device 20 may include a magnetic material. In some examples, the magnetic material includes iron, cobalt, nickel, or an alloy of iron, cobalt, and nickel. Thus, the magnetic force of the magnetic component 13 can act on the electronic device 20. In other words, the electronic device 20 can be attracted by the magnetic component 13.
[0052] In some examples, the electronic device 20 may include a magnetic attraction portion 25. The magnetic attraction portion 25 may include a magnetic material.
[0053] In some examples, the magnetic component 13 can generate a magnetic force along the first direction D1 on the magnetic attraction portion 25. In some examples, the electronic device 20 can be stably held in the receiving portion 11 by the magnetic force of the magnetic component 13 on the magnetic attraction portion 25.
[0054] In some examples, when projected along the first direction D1, the magnetic component 13 may at least partially overlap with the magnetic attraction portion 25. Thus, the magnetic component 13 can advantageously apply a magnetic force along the first direction D1 to the magnetic attraction portion 25.
[0055] Figure 42 is a block diagram showing the composition of an electronic device 20 involved in an example of the present utility model.
[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, in some examples, the electronic device 20 may include a power module 21. Thus, the power module 21 can supply power to ensure that the electronic device 20 receives the physiological information acquired by the sensor 30.
[0057] In some examples, the power module 21 may be disposed inside the electronic device 20. Thus, the power module 21 can be protected.
[0058] In some examples, the magnetic attraction portion 25 may be a power module 21 . Thus, the electronic device 20 can be held in the receiving portion 11 by the magnetic force of the magnetic component 13 on the power module 21 .
[0059] In some examples, the power module 21 may include a magnetic material. In other words, the material made of the power module 21 may include a magnetic material.
[0060] In some examples, the power module 21 may include a positive electrode shell and a negative electrode shell. In some examples, the positive electrode shell and / or the negative electrode shell of the power module 21 may be made of a magnetic material. Thus, the magnetic component 13 can keep the electronic device 20 in the receiving portion 11 by acting on the positive electrode shell and / or the negative electrode shell of the power module 21.
[0061] In some examples, preferably, the positive electrode shell and / or the negative electrode shell can be made of carbon steel, thereby enabling the positive electrode shell or the negative electrode shell to have good mechanical strength to protect the internal battery structure, have good electrical conductivity, and be relatively light in weight.
[0062] In some examples, the plane where the positive and / or negative shells of the power module 21 are located may be orthogonal to the first direction D1. This can help increase the area of action of the magnetic component 13 on the power module 21, thereby helping to keep the electronic device 20 more stably in the accommodating portion 11.
[0063] In some examples, the electronic device 20 may further include a switch module 22 and a processing module 23. The power module 21 may be configured to supply power to the processing module 23, the processing module 23 may be configured to receive and process physiological information of the host 800 acquired by the sensor 30, and the switch module 22 may be configured to control the on and off of the power module 21 and the processing module 23.
[0064] In some examples, the switch module 22 may be a magnetically controlled switch. In some examples, when the switch module 22 is subjected to a magnetic field of not less than a preset value, it may control the power module 21 and the processing module 23 to be in a disconnected state. In some examples, when the switch module 22 is subjected to a magnetic field of less than a preset value, it may control the power module 21 and the processing module 23 to be in a conducting state.
[0065] In some examples, specifically, when the electronic device 20 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 11, the switch module 22 is affected by the magnetic field of the magnetic component 13, and the power module 21 and the processing module 23 can be controlled to be in a disconnected state; when the electronic device 20 leaves the accommodating portion 11 (for example, when it is applied to the host) and is away from the magnetic component 13, the power module 21 and the processing module 23 can be controlled to be in a conductive state. In this case, the magnetic component 13 can also play a role in controlling the on and off of the power module 21. When the electronic device 20 is close to the magnetic component 13 (for example, before the electronic device 20 is applied to the host 800), the power module 21 does not supply power. When the electronic device 20 is away from the magnetic component 13 (for example, the electronic device 20 has been applied to the host 800), the power module 21 supplies power. This can help reduce the damage to the power of the power module 21 and increase the service life of the electronic device 20.
[0066] As described above, the application device 10 further includes a driving mechanism 12. In some examples, the driving mechanism 12 can act on the receiving portion 11 and move the receiving portion 11 in a second direction D2. The second direction D2 is opposite to the first direction D1. In some examples, the second direction D2 can be a direction toward the host.
[0067] In some examples, the driving mechanism 12 can act on the receiving portion 11 to apply the electronic device 20 to the host 800 .
[0068] In some examples, the driving mechanism 12 may abut against an elastic component, such as a spring, of the receiving portion 11. In some examples, the receiving portion 11 may be moved toward the second direction D2 by releasing the elastic component. Thus, the driving mechanism 12 may be used to apply the electronic device 20 and the sensor 30 to the host.
[0069] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the electronic device 20 and the sensor 30 involved in the example of the present utility model.
[0070] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 20 may have an application portion 28 .
[0071] In some examples, the application portion 28 may be located on a side close to the host 800. The side of the application portion 28 close to the host 800 may be adhesive.
[0072] In some examples, after the application device 10 applies the electronic device 20 and the sensor 30 to the host 800, the electronic device 20 can be attached to the body surface of the host 800 through the application portion 28. In this way, the wearing stability can be improved.
[0073] In some examples, such as Figure 3 As shown, the receiving portion 11 may be formed with a groove-shaped opening, and the electronic device 20 may be received in the groove.
[0074] In some examples, the opening of the recess of the receiving portion 11 may be provided with a protrusion 111 .
[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 20 may be provided with a notch 26. In some examples, the notch 26 matches the protrusion 111. In this case, through the cooperation between the notch 26 of the electronic device 20 and the protrusion 111 of the receiving portion 11, the electronic device 20 can be engaged in the groove of the receiving portion 11, and the electronic device 20 can be further stably held in the receiving portion 11.
[0076] In some examples, the number of the protrusions 111 and the recesses 26 may be one or more. For example, the number of the protrusions 111 and the recesses 26 may be 1, 2, 3 or 4.
[0077] In some examples, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the electronic device 20 may also have a convex structure and the receiving portion 11 may have a concave structure matching the convex structure.
[0078] In some examples, such as Figure 3 As shown, the application device 10 may also include a support portion 14 .
[0079] Figure 6 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the magnetic component 13 and the support portion 14 involved in the example of the present utility model.
[0080] Combined with reference Figure 6 The support portion 14 may be in the shape of a boss with an opening in the middle. In some examples, the support portion 14 may be fixedly disposed on the housing of the application device 10. Thus, the support portion 14 can provide a relatively stable support effect.
[0081] In some examples, the driving mechanism 12 can pass through the opening of the supporting portion 14 and abut against the accommodating portion 11. Thus, the influence of the supporting portion 14 on the operation of the driving mechanism 12 can be reduced.
[0082] In some examples, the magnetic component 13 may be disposed on the support portion 14 . Thus, the magnetic component 13 can be more stably disposed on the application device 10 , thereby improving the action stability of the magnetic component 13 .
[0083] like Figure 6 As shown, in some examples, the support portion 14 may be provided with a mounting seat for the magnetic component 13. The magnetic component 13 may be fixed to the support portion 14 by snapping. Thus, the magnetic component 13 may be more stably arranged on the support portion 14.
[0084] In some examples, the magnetic component 13 may be located directly above the power module 21. Thus, the magnetic force of the magnetic component 13 on the power module 21 can be increased.
[0085] In some examples, the magnetic component 13 may also be disposed in a groove of the receiving portion 11. In some examples, both the magnetic component 13 and the electronic device 20 may be located in the groove of the receiving portion 11, and the electronic device 20 is closer to the host than the magnetic component 13. In this case, the distance between the magnetic component 13 and the power module 21 is small, and the magnetic force of the magnetic component 13 on the electronic device 20 is strong, which is conducive to keeping the electronic device 20 in the receiving portion 11 more stably.
[0086] In some examples, the application device 10 may further include a puncture member. The puncture member may be configured to partially implant the sensor 30 into the host 800. In some examples, the puncture member may penetrate the electronic device 20 and allow the sensing portion of the sensor 30 to be accommodated in the groove of the puncture member. Thus, the host 800 can be assisted in puncturing by the application device 10 so that the electronic device 20 and the sensor 30 are applied to the host.
[0087] According to the present invention, a physiological information monitoring system 100 can be provided which can stably keep the electronic device 20 in the application device 10 during use.
[0088] Although the utility model is specifically described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, it is to be understood that the above description does not limit the utility model in any form. Those skilled in the art can modify and change the utility model as needed without departing from the essential spirit and scope of the utility model, and these modifications and changes all fall within the scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A physiological information monitoring system, comprising an application device, a sensor and an electronic device, wherein the application device applies the sensor and the electronic device to a host to obtain physiological information of the host, characterized in that: The applying device includes a driving mechanism, a receiving portion for receiving the electronic device, and a magnetic component. The sensor acquires physiological information of the host and is coupled to the electronic device, and the electronic device includes a magnetic attraction portion; The magnetic component applies a magnetic force along a first direction to the magnetic attraction portion to keep the electronic device in the accommodating portion, and the driving mechanism drives the accommodating portion to move in a second direction opposite to the first direction so that the electronic device is applied to the host, and the second direction is a direction toward the host.
2. The physiological information monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Projected along the first direction, the magnetic component and the magnetic attraction portion at least partially overlap.
3. The physiological information monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The applying device includes a supporting portion, and the magnetic component is arranged on the supporting portion.
4. The physiological information monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The accommodating portion comprises a groove for accommodating the electronic device, an opening of the groove is provided with a protrusion, and the electronic device is provided with a notch matching the protrusion.
5. The physiological information monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic component is arranged in the groove.
6. The physiological information monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic attraction part is a power module, and the power module includes a positive electrode shell and a negative electrode shell. The positive electrode shell and / or the negative electrode shell are made of magnetic material.
7. The physiological information monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positive electrode case and / or the negative electrode case is made of carbon steel.
8. The physiological information monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plane where the positive electrode case is located and the plane where the negative electrode case is located are orthogonal to the first direction.
9. The physiological information monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a switch module and a processing module, wherein the switch module controls the switching between the power module and the processing module.
10. The physiological information monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The switch module is a magnetically controlled switch, and controls the power module and the processing module to be in a disconnected state when the magnetic field effected by the magnetic component is not less than a preset value, and controls the power module and the processing module to be in a connected state when the magnetic field effected by the magnetic component is less than the preset value.