Scroll and wire feeding integrated laser welding head

Abstract

The utility model provides an integrated laser welding head integrating a scroll and wire feeding. The integrated laser welding head comprises a main support, a light path unit, a scroll unit, a wire feeding unit and an air blowing unit. The whole main support is of a hollow structure and comprises a back plate, a front panel, a bottom plate and side plates which are fixedly connected with one another, the back plate is connected with the laser welding machine, the top of the main support is open, and an opening is formed in the bottom plate; the scroll unit is integrally mounted on the front panel and comprises a scroll body and a scroll bracket, the scroll bracket is fixedly connected with the front panel, a rotating shaft is arranged on the scroll bracket, and the scroll body is mounted on the rotating shaft and can rotate; in the utility model, the scroll unit is directly integrated on the welding head, so that the distance between the scroll and the wire feeding device is the shortest, the accumulated torsional stress of the welding wire in the conveying process is the minimum, the poor welding caused by the over-limit torsional stress is avoided, and the welding stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model provides a laser head which can realize automatic adjustment of wire feeding direction in laser wire-filling welding and belongs to the technical field of laser welding. Background Art

[0002] The beam energy density of laser welding is extremely high. Compared with other welding methods, it has the advantages of low input line energy, fast welding speed, large depth-to-width ratio and small welding deformation during the welding process. However, laser welding has strict requirements on the joint gap. The maximum gap allowed by autogenous welding does not exceed 10% of the plate thickness. Although the assembly gap of the welded workpiece can be made to meet the requirements through mechanical processing, the cost is increased. Compared with pure laser welding, laser wire welding can increase the maximum gap margin of the weld, improve the organization and performance of the joint, and enhance the welding ability of thick plates and dissimilar metals. It has been widely used. Laser wire welding is a welding method that uses a laser heat source to melt the welding wire and the base material to form a weld to achieve workpiece connection. When laser wire welding is used, the laser beam first acts on the welding wire, and the welding wire is heated and melted by the laser beam to fill the joint gap; then under the continued action of the laser beam, the base metal melts to form a small hole. The metal around the small hole can absorb almost all of the injected laser energy. When the welding head or the workpiece moves, the small hole moves, and the original hole is closed to form a weld. Studies have shown that laser wire welding can not only improve the adaptability of the gap, change the alloy composition of the weld, improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld joint, but also improve the energy coupling between the laser and the workpiece.

[0003] In the existing laser wire welding equipment in the field, the wire reel is usually set separately, which results in a long distance between the wire reel and the wire feeding nozzle. The welding wire will rotate around the reel itself and have great stress. The longer the distance from the reel to the point directly below the optical path, the more serious the torsional stress accumulation. However, the wire feeder only provides moderate clamping stress for the welding wire to ensure the wire feeding accuracy. This will cause the wire feeding to be unstable when the accumulated torsional stress of the welding wire approaches or exceeds the clamping stress during the wire feeding process, resulting in poor welding.

[0004] In addition, in the existing laser wire-filling welding head, although the angle and position of the wire feeding can be adjusted, this adjustment is performed in the shutdown state, and the overall wire feeding direction cannot be adjusted. In the working state, the wire feeding direction of the welding wire is fixed. Assuming that in the working state, the wire feeding nozzle feeds the wire from right to left with an inclination angle of 20 degrees; in this state, if the moving direction of the welding head (i.e. the direction of the weld) happens to move from left to right, then the welding wire can be perfectly fed into the weld area. However, with the latest development and upgrading of laser welding technology, multi-joining, multi-directional, and the latest annular product welding have become the mainstream trend and development direction of the current and future laser MPI multi-component integrated manufacturing open-loop / closed-loop. In particular, laser MPI multi-component integrated manufacturing has become one of the key technologies for the application of new technologies in the development and manufacturing of new energy vehicles and new car bodies, such as shortening the development cycle, reducing the number of parts assembly, improving the level of modular manufacturing, reducing the investment cost of welding, overcoming the new large-scale hot / warm stamping of complex deformation of new ultra-high-strength steel, improving car body safety, greatly improving production efficiency, reducing material waste, reducing car body weight and energy consumption to improve endurance, and also becoming an important means to reduce the cost of the new generation of new energy vehicles and new car body technologies. Due to the continuous welding operation of multi-component multi-directional laser welding, the moving direction of the welding head is constantly changing. Assuming that the direction of the next weld is from front to back, but the wire feeding direction of the welding wire is still from right to left, in this case, although the wire filling welding operation can be completed, this will cause the wire feeding stability to deteriorate, affecting the quality stability of the welding effect of the welded plate. In view of the above-mentioned difficulties, some large-scale laser welding equipment with a rotating drive shaft (the welding head can move as a whole) in the field can solve this problem by driving the overall rotation of the welding head; in addition, some mechanical arm welding machines with more than three-axis drive can also adjust the wire feeding direction. However, the most common linear (XYZ three-axis movement without rotation function) welding equipment in this field is difficult to solve the above problems, and there is currently no solution to the above difficulties in this field. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides an integrated laser welding head with a wire reel and a wire feeder, which solves the shortcomings of the prior art. The utility model patent integrates the wire reel unit directly on the welding head, so that the distance between the wire reel and the wire feeding device is the shortest, thereby minimizing the accumulated torsional stress of the welding wire during the transmission process, thereby avoiding poor welding due to excessive torsional stress and improving welding stability.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model is:

[0007] An integrated laser welding head with a wire reel and a wire feeder, which is installed in a laser welding machine and moves as a whole under the drive of the laser welding machine, and the integrated laser welding head with a wire reel and a wire feeder includes:

[0008] The main bracket is a hollow structure as a whole, including a back plate, a front plate, a bottom plate and side plates that are fixedly connected to each other. The back plate is connected to the laser welding machine. The top of the main bracket is open, and an opening is set on the bottom plate;

[0009] The optical path unit is integrally installed inside the main bracket from top to bottom and extends downward from the opening on the bottom plate, with the top connected to the optical fiber and the bottom emitting laser to weld the workpiece;

[0010] The wire reel unit is integrally mounted on the front panel and includes a reel body and a wire reel bracket. The wire reel bracket is connected and fixed to the front panel. A rotating shaft is provided on the wire reel bracket. The reel body is mounted on the rotating shaft and can rotate.

[0011] The rotating unit includes a rotating servo drive device and a rotating ring body, wherein the rotating servo drive device is installed and fixed inside the main bracket, the rotating ring body is in a circular ring shape as a whole, and is installed at the edge of the opening on the bottom surface of the bottom plate, the lower part of the optical path unit passes through the rotating ring body, and the rotating ring body rotates under the drive of the rotating servo drive device, the rotating servo drive device is connected to the control center of the laser welding machine, and the rotation angle of the rotating ring body is adapted to the overall moving direction of the welding head;

[0012] The wire feeding unit includes a wire feeding bracket, a driving motor, a wire feeding machine, and a wire feeding nozzle. The front half of the wire feeding bracket is fixedly mounted on the rotating ring body and rotates synchronously with the rotating ring body. The driving motor and the wire feeding machine are mounted on the rear half of the wire feeding bracket. The wire feeding nozzle is mounted on the bottom of the wire feeding bracket and is located below the rotating ring body. The welding wire in the wire reel unit passes through the wire feeding machine and the wire feeding nozzle in sequence to reach the bottom of the optical path unit.

[0013] The air blowing unit comprises an air blowing bracket and an air blowing pipe. The air blowing bracket is fixed on the rotating ring body and rotates synchronously with the rotating ring body. The top end of the air blowing pipe is connected to the air path, and the tail end thereof is arranged directly below the optical path unit.

[0014] Furthermore, an opening is provided below the front panel of the main bracket, and the welding monitoring unit extends outward from the opening, and the welding monitoring unit is connected to the optical path unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotary servo drive device and the optical path unit are arranged adjacent to each other inside the main bracket, and the rotary servo drive device is located behind the optical path unit.

[0016] Furthermore, the wire feeding bracket is composed of a connecting frame and a mounting plate. The connecting frame is in a "J"-shaped structure. The two arc-shaped parts on the connecting frame are fixedly connected to the rotating ring body. The mounting plate is fixed on the top side of the connecting frame. The driving motor and the wire feeder are both fixed on the mounting plate.

[0017] Furthermore, a wire feeding adjustment device is provided in the wire feeding unit. The wire feeding adjustment device is arranged in the connecting frame and fixed to the connecting frame. The wire feeding nozzle is fixed on the wire feeding adjustment device. The wire feeding adjustment device is provided with an angle adjustment handle and a position adjustment handle. The angle adjustment handle is used to adjust the inclination angle of the wire feeding nozzle in the vertical direction, and the position adjustment handle is used to adjust the relative position of the wire feeding nozzle and the optical path unit.

[0018] Furthermore, the air blowing bracket and the wire feeding bracket are respectively installed on different areas of the rotating ring body that do not interfere with each other.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding provided by the utility model has the following advantages: 1. The wire reel unit is directly integrated into the welding head in the utility model patent, so that the distance between the wire reel and the wire feeding device is the shortest, so that the accumulated torsional stress of the welding wire during the transmission process is minimized, thereby avoiding poor welding caused by excessive torsional stress and improving the stability of welding. 2. The wire reel unit is directly integrated into the welding head in the utility model patent, making the overall structure more compact and reducing the size of the equipment; at the same time, because the wire reel is integrated into the welding head, the distance from the reel to the wire feeder is greatly shortened, avoiding the installation of supporting wheels and steering wheels and other components during the transmission of the welding wire, thereby reducing costs. 3. When the utility model patent is used in a laser welding device without a rotation function, the utility model patent is correspondingly provided with a rotating ring body that rotates under the drive of a rotating servo drive device, and the rotating servo drive device is connected to the control center of the laser welding machine, and the rotation angle of the rotating ring body is adapted to the overall moving direction of the welding head. Through the above-mentioned setting method, the wire feeding direction can be adaptively rotated along with the overall moving direction of the welding head, so that the wire feeding direction is always matched with the moving direction, thereby improving the wire feeding stability and achieving better welding effect and quality stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of an integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding provided in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of

[0022] Figure 3 A bottom structural diagram of an integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding provided in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the rotation of an integrated laser welding head with a wire reel and a wire feeder provided in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 5 A side view of an integrated laser welding head with a wire reel and a wire feeder provided in Example 2;

[0025] In the figure: 1-back plate, 2-front panel, 3-bottom plate, 4-side plate, 5-optical path unit, 6-disk body, 7-wire reel bracket, 8-rotating shaft, 9-rotating servo drive device, 10-rotating ring body, 11-wire feeding bracket, 12-driving motor, 13-wire feeding machine, 14-wire feeding nozzle, 15-air blowing bracket, 16-air blowing pipe, 17-welding monitoring unit, 18-connecting frame, 19-mounting plate, 20-wire feeding adjustment device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] The present embodiment provides an integrated laser welding head with a wire reel and a wire feeder. When in use, the head is installed as a whole in a laser welding machine and moves as a whole under the drive of the laser welding machine. Generally speaking, the welding head provided in the present embodiment is suitable for a laser welding machine without a rotation function, and is installed on the Z-axis of the laser welding machine.

[0029] The structure of the integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the main bracket is a hollow structure as a whole, including a back plate 1, a front panel 2, a bottom plate 3 and a side plate 4 that are fixedly connected to each other. The back plate 1 is connected to the laser welding machine. The top of the main bracket is open, and an opening is provided on the bottom plate 3. The optical path unit 5 is installed as a whole inside the main bracket from top to bottom, and extends downward from the opening on the bottom plate 3. The top is connected to the optical fiber, and the bottom emits a laser to weld the workpiece. The optical path unit 5 is a general term for light-related components such as the optical path and cooling system, collimating lens, focusing lens, protective lens, etc. In this patent, the optical path unit is a prior art and will not be described in detail here. An opening is provided below the front panel 2 of the main bracket, and the welding monitoring unit 17 extends outward from the opening. The welding monitoring unit 17 is connected to the optical path unit 5. In this patent, the welding monitoring unit is also a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] The wire reel unit is integrally mounted on the front panel 2, and includes a reel body 6 and a wire reel bracket 7. The wire reel bracket 7 is connected and fixed to the front panel 2. A rotating shaft 8 is provided on the wire reel bracket 7. The reel body 6 is mounted on the rotating shaft 8 and can rotate. In the utility model patent, the wire reel unit is directly integrated on the welding head, making the overall structure more compact and reducing the size of the equipment; at the same time, because the wire reel is integrated on the welding head, the distance from the reel body to the wire feeder is greatly shortened, avoiding the need to install supporting wheels and steering wheels and other components during the transmission of the welding wire, thereby reducing costs.

[0031] The rotating unit is the core component of this embodiment, which includes a rotating servo drive device 9 and a rotating ring body 10, wherein the rotating servo drive device 9 is installed and fixed inside the main bracket, and the rotating servo drive device 9 and the optical path unit 5 are arranged adjacent to each other inside the main bracket, and the rotating servo drive device is located behind the optical path unit, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 The rotating ring body 10 is in the shape of a ring as a whole. Figure 3 As shown, it is installed at the edge of the opening on the bottom surface of the base plate 3, and the lower part of the optical path unit 5 passes through the rotating ring body 10. The rotating ring body 10 rotates under the drive of the rotating servo drive device 9. The rotating servo drive device 9 is connected to the control center of the laser welding machine. The rotation angle of the rotating ring body 10 is adapted to the overall moving direction of the welding head. The specific control method of the rotating servo drive device by the control center can be realized through simple PLC programming. In this patent, the rotating servo drive device can select a conventional servo motor, and the rotating ring body is a drivable rotating ring body purchased on the market. Its specific internal structure is no longer described in this patent.

[0032] The wire feeding unit includes a wire feeding bracket 11, a driving motor 12, a wire feeder 13, and a wire feeding nozzle 14. The front half of the wire feeding bracket 11 is fixedly mounted on the rotating ring body 10 and rotates synchronously with the rotating ring body. The driving motor 12 and the wire feeder 13 are mounted on the rear half of the wire feeding bracket 11. The wire feeding nozzle 14 is mounted at the bottom of the wire feeding bracket and is located below the rotating ring body. The welding wire in the wire reel unit passes through the wire feeder and the wire feeding nozzle in sequence to reach the bottom of the optical path unit. In this embodiment, the wire feeding bracket 11 is composed of a connecting frame 18 and a mounting plate 19. The connecting frame 18 is a "J"-shaped structure. The two arc-shaped members on the connecting frame 18 are fixedly connected to the rotating ring body. The mounting plate 19 is fixed on the top side of the connecting frame 18. The driving motor 12 and the wire feeder 13 are both fixed on the mounting plate 19. A wire feeding adjustment device 20 is also provided in the wire feeding unit. The wire feeding adjustment device 20 is arranged in the connecting frame 18 and fixed to the connecting frame. The wire feeding nozzle 14 is fixed on the wire feeding adjustment device 20. The wire feeding adjustment device 20 is provided with an angle adjustment handle and a position adjustment handle. The angle adjustment handle is used to adjust the inclination angle of the wire feeding nozzle 14 in the vertical direction, and the position adjustment handle is used to adjust the relative position of the wire feeding nozzle 14 and the optical path unit.

[0033] The air blowing unit includes an air blowing bracket 15 and an air blowing pipe 16. The air blowing bracket 15 is fixed on the rotating ring body 10 and rotates synchronously with the rotating ring body. The top end of the air blowing pipe 16 is connected to the air path, and the tail end thereof is arranged directly below the optical path unit. The air blowing bracket 15 and the wire feeding bracket 11 are respectively installed on different and non-interfering areas on the rotating ring body 10. There is a circular vacant area in the middle of the two, from which the bottom of the optical path unit extends.

[0034] When the integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding provided in this embodiment is used, according to the overall moving direction in the next welding instruction of the welding head, the control center controls the rotating ring body to rotate under the drive of the rotating servo drive device, and the rotation angle of the rotating ring body is adapted to the overall moving direction of the welding head. The rotation of the rotating ring body drives the adjustment of the wire feeding direction, so that the wire feeding direction can be adaptively rotated along with the overall moving direction of the welding head, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The figure on the right side of the middle shows the state after the rotating ring rotates clockwise for a certain angle. Through rotation, the wire feeding direction is always matched with the walking direction, thereby improving the wire feeding stability and achieving better welding effect and quality stability.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] The present embodiment provides an integrated laser welding head with a wire reel and a wire feeder. When in use, the head is installed as a whole in a laser welding machine and moves as a whole under the drive of the laser welding machine. Generally speaking, the welding head provided in the present embodiment is suitable for a laser welding machine with a rotation function. The head is installed on the rotating shaft of the laser welding machine, or installed in a robotic arm welding machine with three or more axes of drive, and the welding head can rotate as a whole.

[0037] The structure of the integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that no rotating unit is provided in this embodiment, that is, no servo drive device and rotating ring body are provided, so the wire feeding bracket 11 and the blowing bracket 15 are directly installed on the bottom surface of the base plate.

[0038] When the integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding provided in this embodiment is in use, the control center controls the welding head to rotate as a whole according to the overall moving direction in the next welding instruction of the welding head, and the rotation angle is adapted to the overall moving direction of the welding head.

Claims

1. An integrated laser welding head with a wire reel and a wire feeder, which is installed in a laser welding machine and moves as a whole under the drive of the laser welding machine, characterized in that: The integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding comprises: The main bracket is a hollow structure as a whole, including a back plate, a front plate, a bottom plate and side plates that are fixedly connected to each other. The back plate is connected to the laser welding machine. The top of the main bracket is open, and an opening is set on the bottom plate; The optical path unit is integrally installed inside the main bracket from top to bottom and extends downward from the opening on the bottom plate, with the top connected to the optical fiber and the bottom emitting laser to weld the workpiece; The wire reel unit is integrally mounted on the front panel and includes a reel body and a wire reel bracket. The wire reel bracket is connected and fixed to the front panel. A rotating shaft is provided on the wire reel bracket. The reel body is mounted on the rotating shaft and can rotate. The wire feeding unit comprises a wire feeding bracket, a driving motor, a wire feeding machine and a wire feeding nozzle. The front half of the wire feeding bracket is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the bottom plate, the driving motor and the wire feeding machine are mounted on the rear half of the wire feeding bracket, and the wire feeding nozzle is mounted on the bottom of the wire feeding bracket. The welding wire in the wire reel unit passes through the wire feeding machine and the wire feeding nozzle in sequence to reach directly below the optical path unit. The air blowing unit comprises an air blowing bracket and an air blowing pipe. The air blowing bracket is fixed on the bottom surface of the base plate. The top end of the air blowing pipe is connected to the air path, and the tail end thereof is arranged directly below the optical path unit.

2. The integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: An opening is arranged below the front panel of the main bracket, and the welding monitoring unit extends outward from the opening. The welding monitoring unit is connected to the optical path unit.

3. The integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating unit is also provided, which includes a rotating servo drive device and a rotating ring body, wherein the rotating servo drive device is installed and fixed inside the main bracket, and the rotating ring body is in the shape of a circular ring as a whole, and is installed at the edge of the opening on the bottom surface of the base plate. The lower part of the optical path unit passes through the rotating ring body, and the rotating ring body rotates under the drive of the rotating servo drive device. The rotating servo drive device is connected to the control center of the laser welding machine, and the rotation angle of the rotating ring body is adapted to the overall moving direction of the welding head.

4. The integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The air blowing support and the wire feeding support are respectively installed on different and non-interfering areas of the rotating ring body, and both rotate synchronously with the rotating ring body.

5. The integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The rotary servo drive device and the optical path unit are arranged adjacent to each other inside the main bracket, and the rotary servo drive device is located behind the optical path unit.

6. The integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire feeding bracket consists of a connecting frame and a mounting plate. The connecting frame is in a "J"-shaped structure. Two arc-shaped parts on the connecting frame are fixedly connected to the rotating ring body. The mounting plate is fixed on the top side of the connecting frame. The driving motor and the wire feeder are both fixed on the mounting plate.

7. The integrated laser welding head with integrated wire reel and wire feeding according to claim 6, characterized in that: A wire feeding adjustment device is also provided in the wire feeding unit. The wire feeding adjustment device is arranged in the connecting frame and fixed to the connecting frame. The wire feeding nozzle is fixed on the wire feeding adjustment device. The wire feeding adjustment device is provided with an angle adjustment handle and a position adjustment handle. The angle adjustment handle is used to adjust the inclination angle of the wire feeding nozzle in the vertical direction, and the position adjustment handle is used to adjust the relative position of the wire feeding nozzle and the optical path unit.

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