Large-expansion-and-contraction-amount shape-limiting quenching tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large-expansion-and-contraction-amount shape-limiting quenching tool which comprises a base, an expansion block, a compression cone, an expansion limiting block, a pressing head and an inner pressing ring. The top of the base is a concave face, and a plurality of key grooves pointing to the center are evenly distributed in the concave face. Each expansion block is of a split structure, the multiple expansion blocks are arranged on the inner concave face of the base in a surrounding mode, and a boss is arranged at the bottom of each expansion block and slides along a key groove in the inner concave face; after the multiple expansion blocks are encircled, the center is of a taper hole structure, the compression cone is matched with the taper hole, and when the compression cone moves downwards, the expansion blocks expand outwards; a groove is formed in the outer side of the expansion block and used for being matched with a machined part. The inner pressing ring is of a hollow structure, and an outer circular ring at the bottom of the inner pressing ring makes contact with the upper end face of a machined part. The pressing head abuts against the top of the compression cone and is used for pressing the compression cone downwards. The device is used for solving the problem of interference between parts and a shape-limiting quenching tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool. Background Art

[0002] Gear parts are widely used in transmissions. Gears transmit power through tooth surface contact. The two tooth surfaces produce intense friction during relative sliding and rolling, and the tooth surfaces are subjected to alternating contact stress; the tooth roots are subjected to alternating bending stress; and they are subjected to impact loads during gear startup, gear shifting, and uneven meshing. In order to increase the service life of gears, it is generally necessary to ensure a higher surface hardness, a more uniform hardened layer depth, and a suitable core hardness.

[0003] Low carbon steel accounts for a large proportion of the materials used for gear parts, and carburizing and quenching are generally used for heat treatment. In order to ensure the transmission accuracy requirements of the parts, it is necessary to control their dimensional changes during the heat treatment process. For some parts with asymmetric structures and thin walls, under the combined action of thermal stress and structural stress during carburizing and quenching heat treatment, the deformation of various parts of the parts is inconsistent, and the dimensional deformation of ellipse, taper, height, etc. is too large, which reduces the accuracy of the parts and affects the service life. Therefore, controlling the heat treatment deformation of the parts is a very important task.

[0004] For some parts whose deformation during heat treatment is difficult to control, the constrained shape quenching process is commonly used. After the parts are heated, they are placed on a press quenching tool and their deformation is restricted by the mechanical structure of the tool to ensure the critical dimensions from a physical level.

[0005] The gear parts in the prior art include external teeth and external spline structures. After carburizing and quenching heat treatment, the taper of the teeth and spline parts is large, and the overall ellipse is large, which cannot guarantee the precision requirements of the parts. There is a 5mm long annular protrusion on the inner hole of the gear. If a conventional limited-shape quenching tool is used, the part cannot be placed vertically into the tool from the top, and the annular protrusion is easy to interfere with the tool, resulting in damage to the part.

[0006] In summary, when carburizing and quenching are performed on gear parts in the prior art, there is interference with the limited-shape quenching tooling. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool, which is used to solve the interference problem between parts and the limited shape quenching tool.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool, comprising a base, an expansion block, a compression cone, an expansion limit block, a pressure head and an inner pressure ring;

[0010] The top of the base is an inner concave surface, and a plurality of key slots pointing to the center are evenly distributed on the inner concave surface; the expansion block is a split structure, and a plurality of expansion blocks are placed on the inner concave surface of the base, and a boss is arranged at the bottom of the expansion block, and the boss slides along the key slot on the inner concave surface;

[0011] The center of the multiple expansion blocks is surrounded by a conical hole structure, and the compression cone cooperates with the conical hole. When the compression cone moves downward, the expansion block expands outward; a groove is provided on the outside of the expansion block for cooperating with the processed part;

[0012] The inner pressure ring is of a hollow structure, and the outer circular ring at the bottom of the inner pressure ring contacts the upper end surface of the processed part; the pressure head presses on the top of the compression cone to press the compression cone downward.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a second shoulder screw and a first compression spring; a through hole is provided at the center of the compression cone, and the second shoulder screw passes through the compression cone and the first compression spring in sequence to be connected to the base.

[0014] Furthermore, a stepped through hole is provided at the center of the base, the upper end hole cooperates with the bottom of the compression cone, and the lower end hole is a threaded hole, which cooperates with the second shoulder screw to fix the compression cone.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure head is of a hollow structure, and a threaded hole is provided at the upper end of the pressure head for connection with the pressure equipment; and a plurality of axial holes are provided at the bottom of the pressure head.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes an expansion limit block, a second compression spring and a first shoulder screw, wherein the expansion limit block is installed at the bottom of the expansion block, a through hole is provided at the top of the expansion limit block, the first shoulder screw passes through the through hole and the second compression spring in sequence and is threadedly connected to the expansion block; a boss is provided at the bottom of the expansion limit block, and the boss is plugged into and fitted with the keyway on the inner concave surface.

[0017] Preferably, evenly distributed grooves are provided on the top outer ring of the base for supporting the lower end surface of the processed part.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of L-shaped oil holes are distributed circumferentially on the bottom of the base.

[0019] Preferably, the top of the expansion block has two centrally symmetrical threaded holes for hoisting.

[0020] Preferably, the inner pressure ring is of a hollow structure, and a centrally symmetrical threaded hole is provided on the top of the inner pressure ring for connecting a pressure device; and a plurality of axial holes are provided on the inner pressure ring.

[0021] Preferably, the number of the expansion blocks is 6, and the 6 expansion blocks are evenly distributed circumferentially.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] The utility model provides a large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool, which is used to fix parts by cooperating with multiple expansion blocks and compression cones, and the pressure head applies pressure to the compression cone, and the cone applies pressure to the expansion block through the cone surface. The expansion block expands and applies pressure to the inner wall of the part, thereby limiting the deformation of the part during quenching. The keyway is used for positioning the expansion block and the expansion limit block during expansion and contraction. The expansion block, the expansion limit block, the second compression spring and the first shoulder screw 8 are installed as a subassembly and placed in the base in sequence, thereby avoiding the interference problem between the part and the limited shape quenching tool.

[0024] Furthermore, a plurality of L-shaped oil holes are distributed on the bottom of the base to facilitate the inflow of quenching oil.

[0025] Furthermore, the top of the base is a supporting structure with evenly distributed grooves for supporting the lower end face of the part. The groove structure facilitates the flow of quenching oil during quenching of the part, and at the same time avoids complete contact between the supporting part and the end face of the part, resulting in too low quenching strength and low surface hardness of the contact part of the part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the parts structure;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the parts structure;

[0028] Figure 3 It is the structural drawing of tooling and parts assembly;

[0029] Figure 4 This is the base structure diagram;

[0030] Figure 5 The figure is a three-dimensional diagram of the base structure;

[0031] Figure 6 It is the expansion block structure diagram;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the expansion block structure;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the compressed cone structure;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is the structural diagram of the expansion limit block;

[0035] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the expansion limit block structure;

[0036] Fig.11 It is the structural diagram of the inner pressure ring;

[0037] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the inner pressure ring structure;

[0038] In the attached drawings: base 1; first compression spring 2; expansion block 3; compression cone 4; expansion limit block 5; pressure head 6; inner pressure ring 7; first shoulder screw 8; second shoulder screw 9; second compression spring 10; processed part 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are intended to explain the present invention rather than to limit it.

[0040] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0045] The embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Example

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, a large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool in the embodiment of the utility model includes a base 1, a first compression spring 2, an expansion block 3, a compression cone 4, an expansion limit block 5, a pressure head 6, an inner pressure ring 7, a first shoulder screw 8, a second shoulder screw 9, and a second compression spring 10. The structure of the processed part 11 is as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it can be seen that the upper part of the part is an external spline, the lower part is an external tooth, and there is a protruding ring structure at the inner hole position.

[0048] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the top of the base 1 is a support structure with evenly distributed grooves, which is used to support the lower end face of the part. The groove structure facilitates the flow of quenching oil when the part is quenched, and at the same time can avoid the support part from being completely in contact with the end face of the part, resulting in too low quenching strength and low surface hardness of the contact part of the part. The upper part of the base 1 is a concave structure, which is used to place the expansion block 3 and the expansion limit block 5. There are 6 keyways at the bottom of the concave structure, which are used for positioning the expansion block 3 and the expansion limit block 5 during expansion and contraction. There are two small holes on the wall close to the bottom of the concave structure, which are convenient for the outflow of quenching oil after the quenching process is completed. The middle part of the base 1 is punched with holes, and the two hole diameters are different. The upper hole matches the bottom of the compression cone 4, and the lower hole is a threaded hole, which matches with the screw to fix the compression cone 4. The bottom of the base 1 is cylindrical, which is installed in conjunction with the limited-shape quenching equipment. There are 6 L-shaped oil holes distributed at the bottom to facilitate the inflow of quenching oil.

[0049] The first compression spring 2 is used to support the compression cone 4, and supports the compression cone 4 to the highest limit when the tooling is tested for pressure without external force.

[0050] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the expansion block 3 is a split structure. There are two centrally symmetrical threaded holes on the top of the expansion block 3 for hoisting the entire tooling. There is a groove in the middle part, which can accommodate the annular protruding structure of the part's internal control during the quenching process. The central part is a variable diameter hole, which cooperates with the compression cone 4. Six variable diameter holes are evenly distributed on the bottom, and the holes with smaller diameters are threaded holes. The expansion block 3 is connected to the expansion limit block 5 by screws. The bottom is a protruding key structure, which cooperates with the keyway of the base 1. The processing method of the expansion block 3 is to use wire cutting to evenly divide it into 6 equal parts after the overall processing is completed. Due to the process requirements of large expansion and contraction, during the wire cutting process, corresponding material removal is required according to the actual required shrinkage amount. When the material removal is too large, the expansion block 3 may not be able to expand evenly during the expansion process, and the gaps between the blocks may not be evenly distributed. Therefore, a guide structure is designed to orient the movement through the cooperation of the protruding key and the keyway to ensure its uniform expansion.

[0051] like Figure 8 As shown, the compression cone 4 is a variable diameter rotating body structure with a hole punched in the center, and is connected to the base 1 by screws. The conical surface of the compression cone 4 cooperates with the conical surface of the expansion block 3. When the compression cone 4 moves downward, the expansion block 3 expands outward accordingly.

[0052] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the expansion limit block 5 corresponds to the expansion block 3 one by one, and is also a split structure. The processing method is similar to the expansion block 3. After the overall processing is completed, the wire cutting is performed. The expansion limit block 5 also has a protruding key structure and a variable diameter hole structure, and is connected to the expansion block 3 by screws.

[0053] The pressure head 6 is a hollow structure, with a threaded hole at the center upper end, connected to the equipment, and 4 through holes on the lower end wall to facilitate the flow of quenching oil. The hollow structure is conducive to reducing the weight of the tooling, reducing production costs, and avoiding interference with the screws during the pressing process.

[0054] like Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the inner pressure ring 7 is also a hollow structure, which is conducive to reducing the weight of the tooling. The upper end surface of the tooling has two centrally symmetrical threaded holes, which are connected to the equipment through screws. There are 6 axial holes in the middle part to facilitate the flow of quenching oil. The bottom end is a ring structure with a groove, which contacts and applies pressure to the upper end surface of the part.

[0055] The first shoulder screw 8 connects the expansion block 3 and the expansion limit block 5 .

[0056] The second shoulder screw 9 connects the compression cone 4 to the base 1 .

[0057] The second compression spring 10 is located in the hole at the connection between the expansion block 3 and the expansion limit block 5, and gathers the expansion block 3 toward the center by applying pressure.

[0058] When the tooling is working, the part is placed on the base 1, and the inner pressure ring 7 presses the upper end surface of the part. The pressure head 6 applies pressure to the compression cone 4, and the cone applies pressure to the expansion block 3 through the cone surface. The expansion block 3 expands and applies pressure to the inner wall of the part, thereby limiting the deformation of the part during quenching.

[0059] First, place the base 1 at the interface of the shape-limited quenching equipment, and then install the expansion block 3, expansion limit block 5, second compression spring 10 and first shoulder screw 8 as a subassembly, a total of 6 pieces, and place the 6 subassemblies in the base 1 in turn to ensure the fit of the key and the keyway. Next, place the first compression spring 2 in the center hole of the base 1, and place the compression cone 4 in the center hole of the expansion block 3. Use the second shoulder screw 9 to pass through the compression cone 4 and the first compression spring 2 in turn to connect with the base 1. Connect the pressure head 6 and the inner pressure ring 7 to the equipment interface. At this point, the tooling installation is complete.

[0060] When producing parts, first place the parts on the base 1, then the inner pressure ring 7 descends to apply pressure to the upper end surface of the parts, and at the same time, the pressure head 6 descends to apply pressure to the expansion block 3 through the compression cone 4, and applies pressure to the inner wall of the parts for limited quenching. After the quenching is completed, the inner pressure ring 7 rises, the pressure head 6 rises, and the expansion block 3 retracts. The parts are unloaded and the production is completed.

[0061] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the utility model and the advantages of the utility model. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the utility model. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the utility model is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0062] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in accordance with the implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of ​​the utility model, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the utility model shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool, characterized in that: It comprises a base (1), an expansion block (3), a compression cone (4), an expansion limit block (5), a pressure head (6) and an inner pressure ring (7); The top of the base (1) is an inner concave surface, and a plurality of key slots pointing to the center are evenly distributed on the inner concave surface; the expansion block (3) is a split structure, and a plurality of expansion blocks (3) are placed on the inner concave surface of the base (1); a boss is provided at the bottom of the expansion block (3), and the boss slides along the key slot on the inner concave surface; The center of the multiple expansion blocks (3) is surrounded by a conical hole structure, and the compression cone (4) cooperates with the conical hole. When the compression cone (4) moves downward, the expansion block (3) expands outward; the outer side of the expansion block (3) is provided with a groove for cooperating with the processed part (11); The inner pressure ring (7) is of a hollow structure, and the outer circular ring at the bottom of the inner pressure ring (7) contacts the upper end surface of the processed part (11); the pressure head (6) presses on the top of the compression cone (4) to press the compression cone (4) downward.

2. A large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second shoulder screw (9) and a first compression spring (2); a through hole is provided at the center of the compression cone (4), and the second shoulder screw (9) passes through the compression cone (4) and the first compression spring (2) in sequence to be connected to the base (1).

3. A large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stepped through hole is provided at the center of the base (1), the upper end hole cooperates with the bottom of the compression cone (4), and the lower end hole is a threaded hole, which cooperates with the second shoulder screw (9) to fix the compression cone (4).

4. The large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure head (6) has a hollow structure, and a threaded hole is provided at the upper end of the pressure head (6) for connection with the pressure equipment; a plurality of axial holes are provided at the bottom of the pressure head (6).

5. The large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an expansion limit block (5), a second compression spring (10) and a first shoulder screw (8); the expansion limit block (5) is installed at the bottom of the expansion block (3); a through hole is provided at the top of the expansion limit block (5); the first shoulder screw (8) passes through the through hole and the second compression spring (10) in sequence and is threadedly connected to the expansion block (3); a boss is provided at the bottom of the expansion limit block (5), and the boss is plugged into and matched with the keyway on the inner concave surface.

6. The large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top outer ring of the base (1) is provided with evenly distributed grooves for supporting the lower end surface of the processed part (11).

7. The large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the base (1) is provided with a plurality of L-shaped oil holes distributed in the circumferential direction.

8. The large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the expansion block (3) is provided with two centrally symmetrical threaded holes for hoisting.

9. The large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner pressure ring (7) is of a hollow structure. A centrally symmetrical threaded hole is provided on the top of the inner pressure ring (7) for connecting to a pressure device. A plurality of axial holes are provided on the inner pressure ring (7).

10. The large expansion and contraction limited shape quenching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the expansion blocks (3) is 6, and the 6 expansion blocks (3) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

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