Coal mining and discharging device and coal mining system

Abstract

The utility model provides a coal mining and caving device and a coal mining system, the coal mining and caving device comprises a controller, a control panel, a relay assembly and an image acquisition assembly, the image acquisition assembly is arranged at a coal caving port of a hydraulic support and is used for acquiring coal images at the coal caving port, the control panel is provided with a coal caving operation button, and the relay assembly is arranged on the control panel. The coal caving operation key is electrically connected with one end of the relay assembly, and the other end of the relay assembly is electrically connected with the controller; and the image acquisition assembly is in communication connection with the controller. According to the coal caving system, coal caving and parking are accurately controlled, manual judgment is not needed, coal caving efficiency and coal caving precision are improved, and refining loss and gangue increase are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal, in particular to a coal mining and caving device and a coal mining system. Background Art

[0002] The top coal caving mining method is to arrange a coal mining face with a mining height of 2 to 3 meters along the bottom plate of the coal seam or the bottom within a certain thickness range of the coal seam when mining thick coal seams, and use a comprehensive mechanized method to carry out mining. The top coal is broken into loose pieces by utilizing the effect of mine pressure or assisted by loosening blasting and other methods. The loose pieces are then released from the "coal release window" behind or above the hydraulic support and transported out of the coal mining face by a scraper conveyor.

[0003] At present, there are two ways of coal discharge process: manual control and automatic control. In manual control, experienced operators constantly observe the coal discharge situation at the coal discharge port during the coal discharge process. When a large amount of gangue begins to fall, they judge the time to stop coal discharge based on experience, close the coal discharge window, and stop coal discharge. In automatic control, the coal discharge time is generally set based on experience before coal discharge, and the system automatically controls the coal discharge time after the coal discharge window is opened. When the coal discharge time reaches the set value, the system automatically closes the coal discharge window and stops coal discharge.

[0004] In the process of manually controlled coal discharge, the coal discharge port generates a large amount of coal dust during the coal discharge process, which interferes with the observation line of sight and makes it difficult for operators to accurately grasp the timing of stopping coal discharge. Closing the coal discharge port too early will lead to the loss of clean coal, and closing the coal discharge port too late will lead to an increase in the amount of gangue, which will increase the burden and cost of subsequent production processes, and the coal discharge efficiency is low and the labor intensity is high. Automatically controlled coal discharge uses a fixed coal discharge time to perform the coal discharge operation. The particle size of gangue and coal will affect the falling time. Therefore, mechanically discharging coal at a fixed time will result in a large error in the timing of coal discharge, which is more likely to cause clean coal loss and an increase in gangue. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, such as low coal placing efficiency and coal placing accuracy and high manual labor intensity, and to provide a coal mining and placing device and a coal mining system.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model provides a coal mining and caving device, comprising a controller, a control panel, a relay assembly, and an image acquisition assembly arranged at a coal caving port of a hydraulic support for acquiring an image of coal at the coal caving port.

[0007] The control panel is provided with a coal placing operation button, the coal placing operation button is electrically connected to one end of the relay component, and the other end of the relay component is electrically connected to the controller;

[0008] The image acquisition component is communicatively connected with the controller.

[0009] In one of the optional technical solutions, the coal release operation buttons include an automatic button, a manual button, a coal release button and a parking button, and the relay assembly includes a first relay and a second relay, the first relay is electrically connected to the automatic button and the manual button, and the second relay is electrically connected to the coal release button and the parking button.

[0010] In one of the optional technical solutions, the image acquisition assembly includes a shell and a shell mounting member, a camera communicatively connected to the controller is provided in the shell, the shell is arranged at the coal discharge port through the shell mounting member, and a shooting port of the camera faces the coal discharge port.

[0011] In one of the optional technical solutions, the image acquisition assembly further includes a nozzle, a nozzle connector, an air pipe, and a solenoid valve connected to the high-pressure gas.

[0012] The nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the shell through the nozzle connector, and the opening of the nozzle faces the coal discharge port;

[0013] The control end of the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the controller, and the solenoid valve is communicated with the nozzle through the air supply pipe.

[0014] In one of the optional technical solutions, the nozzle is fan-shaped.

[0015] In one of the optional technical solutions, the image acquisition component also includes a fill light component for filling light for the camera.

[0016] In one of the optional technical solutions, the fill light assembly includes a fill light lamp and a fill light connector, and the fill light lamp is arranged on the top of the shell through the fill light connector.

[0017] In one of the optional technical solutions, the control panel is further provided with a display unit for displaying the coal image, and the display unit is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0018] In one of the optional technical solutions, the control panel is also provided with a power indicator light electrically connected to the power supply, an automatic indicator light electrically connected to the automatic button, and a coal discharge indicator light electrically connected to the coal discharge button.

[0019] The technical solution of the utility model also provides a coal mining system, including a hydraulic support and a coal mining and caving device as described above, wherein the hydraulic support includes a support electro-hydraulic controller, and the controller of the coal mining and caving device is communicatively connected with the support electro-hydraulic controller.

[0020] After adopting the above technical scheme, it has the following beneficial effects: by setting a controller, a control panel, a relay component and an image acquisition component, the relay component converts the coal placing mode and coal placing status of the coal placing operation button on the control panel into an electrical signal, and the controller controls the image acquisition component to collect the coal image of the coal placing port according to the electrical signal, and the controller generates an opening or closing signal for controlling the coal placing port according to the coal grayscale of the coal image, thereby realizing precise control of coal placing and parking without manual judgment, improving coal placing efficiency and coal placing accuracy, and avoiding refining losses and increased gangue amount. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The disclosure of the present invention will become easier to understand with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a coal mining and caving device provided in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a control panel provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an image acquisition component provided in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 A working principle diagram of an image acquisition component provided in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a coal mining system provided in one embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] Reference table of reference numerals:

[0028] 10-coal mining and caving device; 11-controller; 12-control panel; 121-coal caving operation button; 1211-automatic button; 1212-manual button; 1213-coal caving button; 1214-parking button; 122-display unit; 123-power indicator light; 124-automatic indicator light; 125-coal caving indicator light; 13-relay assembly; 131-first relay; 132-second relay; 14-image acquisition assembly; 141-housing; 142-camera; 143-nozzle; 144-nozzle connector; 145-high-pressure gas; 146-solenoid valve; 147-fill light; 148-fill light connector; 20-coal mining system; 21-hydraulic support; 211-support electro-hydraulic controller; 22-top beam; 23-tail beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] It is easy to understand that according to the technical solution of the utility model, without changing the essential spirit of the utility model, a variety of structural modes and implementation modes can be replaced by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the following specific implementation methods and drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of the utility model, and should not be regarded as the entirety of the utility model or as a limitation or restriction on the technical solution of the utility model.

[0031] The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front, back, top, bottom, etc. mentioned or may be mentioned in this specification are defined relative to the structures shown in the drawings. They are relative concepts and may change accordingly according to different positions and different usage conditions. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be interpreted as restrictive terms.

[0032] The coal mining and caving device of the utility model is mainly applied to a top coal caving mining system, and the coal mining and caving device is used for controlling a hydraulic support to close or open a coal caving opening.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a coal mining and caving device 10 provided in an embodiment of the utility model comprises a controller 11, a control panel 12, a relay assembly 13, and an image acquisition assembly 14 disposed at a coal caving opening of a hydraulic support for acquiring an image of coal at the coal caving opening.

[0034] The control panel 12 is provided with a coal placing operation button 121, which is electrically connected to one end of the relay assembly 13, and the other end of the relay assembly 13 is in communication connection with the controller 11;

[0035] The image acquisition component 14 is in communication connection with the controller 11 .

[0036] The coal mining and caving device 10 provided in this embodiment mainly includes a controller 11 , a control panel 12 , a relay component 13 and an image acquisition component 14 .

[0037] The control panel 12 is provided with a coal placing operation button 121, which is used to control the coal placing mode and coal placing status. The coal placing mode includes manual coal placing and automatic coal placing, and the coal placing status includes coal placing and parking. The coal placing operation button 121 can be either a virtual button or a physical mechanical button.

[0038] One end of the relay component 13 is electrically connected to the coal releasing operation button 121, and the other end of the relay component 13 is electrically connected to the controller 11. The relay component 13 is used to convert the coal releasing mode and coal releasing status of the coal releasing operation button 121 into electrical signals and send them to the controller 11. The controller 11 determines the coal releasing mode and coal releasing status based on the electrical signals.

[0039] The image acquisition component 14 is communicatively connected with the controller 11. The image acquisition component 14 is used to acquire the coal image at the coal discharge port. The controller 11 controls the image acquisition component 14 to turn on or off according to the electrical signal sent by the relay component 13. For example, when the controller 11 receives the electrical signal sent by the relay component 13 indicating that the coal discharge mode is automatic or manual, and the coal discharge state is coal discharge, the controller 11 controls the image acquisition component 14 to shoot at a certain frequency (such as every 5 seconds) to acquire the coal image at the coal discharge port; when the controller 11 receives the electrical signal sent by the relay component 13 indicating that the coal discharge mode is automatic or manual, and the coal discharge state is parked, the image acquisition component 14 is controlled to stop acquiring the coal image.

[0040] The controller 11 is used to receive the electrical signal sent by the relay component 13 to control the opening or closing of the image acquisition component 14, and judge the coal grayness according to the coal image acquired by the image acquisition component 14. When the coal grayness meets the preset threshold, a closing signal (such as digital signal 0) is sent to the support electro-hydraulic controller of the hydraulic support, and the coal discharge port is closed by the support electro-hydraulic controller; when the coal grayness does not reach the preset threshold, an opening signal (such as digital signal 1) is sent to the support electro-hydraulic controller of the hydraulic support, and the coal discharge port is opened by the support electro-hydraulic controller.

[0041] The controller 11 can determine the coal grayness based on the coal image by using existing technology, which will not be described in detail here.

[0042] Preferably, the controller 11 is a programmable logic controller (PLC).

[0043] In this embodiment, a controller, a control panel, a relay component and an image acquisition component are provided. The relay component converts the coal placing mode and the coal placing status of the coal placing operation button on the control panel into an electrical signal. The controller controls the image acquisition component to collect the coal image of the coal placing port according to the electrical signal. The controller generates an opening or closing signal for controlling the coal placing port according to the coal grayscale of the coal image, thereby realizing precise control of coal placing and parking without manual judgment, thereby improving coal placing efficiency and accuracy, and avoiding refining losses and increased gangue amount.

[0044] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the coal release operation button 121 includes an automatic button 1211, a manual button 1212, a coal release button 1213 and a parking button 1214, and the relay assembly 13 includes a first relay 131 and a second relay 132, the first relay 131 is electrically connected to the automatic button 1211 and the manual button 1212, and the second relay 132 is electrically connected to the coal release button 1213 and the parking button 1214.

[0045] The coal discharge operation button 121 includes an automatic button 1211, a manual button 1212, a coal discharge button 1213 and a parking button 1214. The automatic button 1211 is used to automatically control the opening or closing of the coal discharge port. The coal discharge mode corresponding to the automatic button 1211 is automatic coal discharge. The manual button 1212 is used to manually control the opening or closing of the coal discharge port. The coal discharge mode corresponding to the manual button 1212 is manual coal discharge. The manual button 1212 can be used to manually control the opening or closing of the coal discharge port when the automatic button 1211 cannot be used. The coal discharge button 1213 is used to control the opening of the coal discharge port, and the parking button 1214 is used to control the closing of the coal discharge port.

[0046] The first relay 131 is electrically connected to the automatic button 1211 and the manual button 1212. When the automatic button 1211 or the manual button 1212 is pressed, the state of the first relay 131 changes, such as setting the normally open state of the first relay 131 to the manual coal releasing mode, and setting the normally closed state of the first relay 131 to the automatic coal releasing mode. When the automatic button 1211 is pressed, the state of the first relay 131 is closed, and the electrical signal sent by the first relay 131 to the controller 11 represents the automatic coal releasing mode; when the manual button 1212 is pressed, the state of the first relay is normally open, and the electrical signal sent by the first relay 131 to the controller 11 represents the manual coal releasing mode.

[0047] The second relay 132 is electrically connected to the coal release button 1213 and the parking button 1214 . The working principle of the second relay 132 is the same as that of the first relay 131 , which will not be described in detail herein.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first relay 131 is electrically connected to the automatic button 1211 and the manual button 1212, and the second relay 132 is electrically connected to the coal release button 1213 and the park button 1214, so as to facilitate the conversion of the coal release mode and the coal release state into electrical signals, further improve the coal release efficiency and the coal release accuracy, and avoid refining losses and increased gangue amount.

[0049] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the image acquisition component 14 includes a shell 141 and a shell mounting member. A camera 142 is provided in the shell 141 and is communicatively connected to the controller 11. The shell 141 is arranged at the coal discharge port through the shell mounting member, and the shooting port of the camera 142 faces the coal discharge port.

[0050] The image acquisition component 14 includes a shell 141 and a shell mounting member. The shell 141 is made of explosion-proof material. A camera 142 is arranged inside the shell 141. The camera 142 is used to photograph the coal at the coal discharge port, collect coal images, and transmit them to the controller 11. The shell 141 is fixed at the coal discharge port through the shell mounting member, and the shooting port of the camera 142 is directed toward the coal discharge port, so that the camera 142 can collect coal images.

[0051] Preferably, the camera 142 is an infrared camera.

[0052] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the image acquisition assembly 14 also includes a nozzle 143, a nozzle connector 144, an air pipe, and a solenoid valve 146 connected to the high-pressure gas 145.

[0053] The nozzle 143 is disposed at the bottom of the housing 141 through a nozzle connector 144, and the opening of the nozzle 143 faces the coal discharge port;

[0054] The control end of the solenoid valve 146 is electrically connected to the controller 11 , and the solenoid valve 146 is in communication with the nozzle 143 through an air delivery pipe.

[0055] The image acquisition component also includes a nozzle 143, a nozzle connector 144, a gas pipe and a solenoid valve 146. The solenoid valve 146 is connected to the high-pressure gas 145. The high-pressure gas 145 can be a high-pressure gas provided by the outside world. The solenoid valve 146 is connected to the nozzle 143 through the gas pipe. When the coal discharge state is coal discharge, the solenoid valve 146 receives an opening signal sent by the controller 11, so that the nozzle 143 is connected to the high-pressure gas 145, and the high-pressure gas 145 is sprayed toward the coal discharge port through the nozzle 143. After the spraying, a conical dust-free channel is formed instantly, and then the camera 142 is used to capture and collect the coal image at the coal discharge port, avoiding the interference of coal dust during shooting, obtaining high-quality coal images, and further improving the accuracy.

[0056] Among them, the blowing time can be set according to user needs, and the blowing time is preferably 50ms.

[0057] The bottom and top referred to in this embodiment refer to the side away from the ground as the top and the side close to the ground as the bottom after installation.

[0058] In one embodiment, if Figure 4As shown, the shape of the nozzle 143 is fan-shaped. After the nozzle 143 sprays, a conical dust-free channel is instantly formed between the camera 142 and the shooting surface of the target object. The channel is basically consistent with the shooting light channel of the camera 142, thereby avoiding interference from coal dust during shooting, obtaining high-quality coal images, and further improving accuracy.

[0059] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the image acquisition component 14 also includes a fill light component for filling light for the camera 142 .

[0060] The image acquisition component 14 also includes a fill light component, which is arranged on the top of the shell 141. The fill light component fills light for the camera 142 to further improve the clarity of the coal image and improve the accuracy.

[0061] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the fill light assembly includes a fill light lamp 147 and a fill light connector 148 , and the fill light lamp 147 is disposed on the top of the housing 141 through the fill light connector 148 .

[0062] The fill light assembly includes a fill light 147 and a fill light connector 148. The fill light 147 is fixed to the top of the housing 141 through the fill light connector 148. The fill light 147 fills light for the camera 142 to further improve the clarity of the coal image and improve the accuracy.

[0063] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the control panel 12 is also provided with a display unit 122 for displaying coal images, and the display unit 122 is communicatively connected with the controller 11 .

[0064] The control panel 12 is also provided with a display unit 122. When the controller 11 receives the coal image transmitted by the image acquisition component 14, it is displayed through the display unit 122, so that the staff can check the coal at the coal discharge port, prevent misjudgment, and further improve accuracy.

[0065] Preferably, the display unit 122 is a display screen.

[0066] In one embodiment, the control panel 12 is also provided with a power indicator light 123 electrically connected to the power supply, an automatic indicator light 124 electrically connected to the automatic button 1211 , and a coal discharge indicator light 125 electrically connected to the coal discharge button 1213 .

[0067] In this embodiment, by providing a power indicator light 123, an automatic indicator light 124 and a coal discharge indicator light 125 on the control panel 12, it is convenient for the staff to quickly find the fault point.

[0068] like Figure 5 As shown, a coal mining system 20 provided in one embodiment of the utility model comprises a hydraulic support 21 and the coal mining and caving device 10 as described above. The hydraulic support 21 comprises a support electro-hydraulic controller 211 , and the controller 11 of the coal mining and caving device 10 is communicatively connected with the support electro-hydraulic controller 211 .

[0069] The hydraulic support 21 is arranged between the top beam 22 and the tail beam 23 of the coal mining working face. The structure and working principle of the hydraulic support 21 and the support electro-hydraulic controller 211 belong to the prior art and will not be described in detail here. When the controller 11 of the coal mining and caving device 10 determines that the coal gray level meets the preset threshold value based on the coal image, a closing signal (such as a digital signal 0) is sent to the support electro-hydraulic controller 211, and the support electro-hydraulic controller 211 controls the coal caving port to be closed; when the coal gray level does not reach the preset threshold value, an opening signal (such as a digital signal 1) is sent to the support electro-hydraulic controller 211, and the support electro-hydraulic controller 211 controls the coal caving port to be opened.

[0070] In this embodiment, by setting up a coal mining and coal placing device 10, the controller 11 is connected to the support electro-hydraulic controller 211 of the hydraulic support 21 to communicate with each other, thereby achieving precise control of coal placing and parking without manual judgment, thereby improving coal placing efficiency and coal placing accuracy, and avoiding refining losses and increased gangue volume.

[0071] The above description is only the principle and preferred embodiment of the utility model. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, on the basis of the principle of the utility model, several other variations can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A coal mining and caving device, characterized in that: It includes a controller, a control panel, a relay assembly, and an image acquisition assembly arranged at the coal discharge port of the hydraulic support for acquiring coal images at the coal discharge port. The control panel is provided with a coal placing operation button, the coal placing operation button is electrically connected to one end of the relay component, and the other end of the relay component is electrically connected to the controller; The image acquisition component is communicatively connected with the controller.

2. The coal mining and caving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal release operation buttons include an automatic button, a manual button, a coal release button and a parking button. The relay assembly includes a first relay and a second relay. The first relay is electrically connected to the automatic button and the manual button, and the second relay is electrically connected to the coal release button and the parking button.

3. The coal mining and caving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The image acquisition assembly includes a shell and a shell mounting member. A camera communicatively connected to the controller is arranged in the shell. The shell is arranged at the coal discharge port through the shell mounting member, and a shooting port of the camera faces the coal discharge port.

4. The coal mining and caving device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The image acquisition assembly also includes a nozzle, a nozzle connector, an air pipe, and a solenoid valve connected to the high-pressure gas. The nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the shell through the nozzle connector, and the opening of the nozzle faces the coal discharge port; The control end of the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the controller, and the solenoid valve is communicated with the nozzle through the air supply pipe.

5. The coal mining and caving device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shape of the nozzle is fan-shaped.

6. The coal mining and caving device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The image acquisition component also includes a fill light component for filling light for the camera.

7. The coal mining and caving device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fill light assembly comprises a fill light lamp and a fill light connector, and the fill light lamp is arranged on the top of the housing through the fill light connector.

8. The coal mining and caving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control panel is also provided with a display unit for displaying the coal image, and the display unit is communicatively connected with the controller.

9. The coal mining and caving device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control panel is also provided with a power indicator light electrically connected to the power supply, an automatic indicator light electrically connected to the automatic button, and a coal discharge indicator light electrically connected to the coal discharge button.

10. A coal mining system, characterized in that: It comprises a hydraulic support and a coal mining and caving device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the hydraulic support comprises a support electro-hydraulic controller, and the controller of the coal mining and caving device is communicatively connected with the support electro-hydraulic controller.

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