Electronic equipment and charging system
By introducing a discharge circuit into the electronic device, using the processor's control instructions to release part of the power in the charging circuit, the problem of slow drop of the charging circuit voltage is solved, and the smooth passage of charging safety verification and the improvement of the response speed of the charging protocol is achieved. .
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420336760.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-22
AI Technical Summary
After the electronic device leaves the charger, the voltage in the charging circuit drops slowly, causing the charging management module to fail to verify in time that the voltage falls back to the safe range, resulting in the failure of safety certification.
Design an electronic device, including a charging management module, a processor, a charging circuit, a discharge circuit and a battery. The charging management module detects the plug-in or unplugged state. After the processor is unplugged, the processor sends control commands to make the discharge circuit release part of the power stored in the charging circuit and quickly drop the voltage.
By accelerating the voltage drop speed in the charging circuit, ensuring the smooth passage of charging safety verification and improving the charging protocol response speed.
Smart Images
Figure CN222531349U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to an electronic device and a charging system. Background Art
[0002] Various electronic devices (e.g., such as smartphones, tablets, notebooks, laptops, hubs, chargers, adapters, etc.) are configured to transmit power through a Universal Serial Bus (USB) connector according to the USB Power Delivery protocol defined in various versions of the USB Power Delivery (USB-PD) specification. For example, in some uses, the electronic device may be configured as a power consumer that receives power through a USB connector (e.g., for battery charging), while in other uses, the electronic device may be configured as a power provider that provides power to another device connected to it through a USB connector. However, the USB-PD specification allows the power provider and the power consumer to dynamically negotiate the voltage and current levels provided.
[0003] Therefore, after the electronic device is disconnected from the charger, the charging management module of the electronic device will perform a safety verification on whether the voltage in the charging circuit has dropped back to a safe range. However, due to the lack of load on the charging circuit at this time, the voltage in the charging circuit will drop more slowly. However, if the voltage drop rate is not enough during the verification, the charging management module will believe that the voltage has not dropped back to a safe range, resulting in a safety authentication failure. Utility Model Content
[0004] The embodiments of the present application disclose an electronic device and a charging system to accelerate the voltage drop speed in the charging circuit, ensure the smooth passing of the charging safety verification, and improve the charging protocol response speed.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising a charging management module, a processor, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit and a battery, wherein:
[0006] The charging management module is used to detect the insertion state or the unplugging state of the electronic device and the charging power source;
[0007] The charging circuit is connected to the charging management module and is used to charge the battery according to the charging power supply when the electronic device and the charging power supply are in the inserted state. The charging circuit includes a plurality of capacitors, and the plurality of capacitors store part of the electricity in the process of charging the battery.
[0008] The processor is connected to the charging management module and the discharging circuit respectively, and is used to generate and send a control instruction to the discharging circuit after receiving the unplugging state reported by the charging management module;
[0009] The discharge circuit is connected to the charging circuit and the processor respectively, and is used to release part of the electricity stored in the multiple capacitors according to the control instruction of the processor when the electronic device and the charging power supply are in the unplugged state.
[0010] In one embodiment, the discharge circuit includes a conduction module and a discharge module, and the conduction module is connected to the processor, the charging circuit and the discharge module respectively, wherein:
[0011] The conduction module is used to receive and respond to the control instruction to conduct the connection between the charging circuit and the discharging module;
[0012] The discharge module is used to release part of the electricity stored in the multiple capacitors.
[0013] In one embodiment, the discharge module includes a discharge resistor and a ground terminal, and the discharge resistor is arranged between the charging circuit and the ground terminal, wherein:
[0014] The discharge resistor is used to increase the impedance of the charging circuit to ground when the charging circuit and the discharge module are turned on, so as to reduce part of the electricity stored in the multiple capacitors.
[0015] In one embodiment, the charging circuit further includes an overvoltage protection chip, which is connected to the charging management module and the battery respectively, and is used to maintain the charging voltage output by the charging power supply to the battery within a preset voltage range.
[0016] In one embodiment, the charging management module includes a detection submodule and a connection submodule, and the detection submodule is connected to the connection submodule and the processor respectively, wherein:
[0017] The connection submodule is used to output a target signal to the detection submodule according to a target state at a current moment, wherein the voltage amplitude of the target signal in different target states is different, and the target state includes the plug-in state or the unplugged state;
[0018] The detection submodule is used to determine and send the target state to the processor according to the voltage amplitude of the target signal.
[0019] In one embodiment, the connection submodule includes a connection interface, and the connection interface is used to connect to the charging power source, and the interface type of the connection interface is USB-C.
[0020] In one implementation manner, the resistance value of the discharge resistor is greater than or equal to 1 k ohm.
[0021] In one implementation manner, the conduction module is a transistor or a field effect transistor.
[0022] In one implementation manner, the conduction module is a single-pole multi-throw switch.
[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a charging system, which includes a charging power source and the electronic device described in the first aspect.
[0024] In the above electronic device, a charging management module, a processor, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit and a battery are provided, so that when the charging management module detects that the electronic device is in an inserted state with the charging power supply, the battery is charged according to the charging power supply, and when the electronic device is detected to be in an unplugged state with the charging power supply, the processor is reported, so that the processor generates and sends a control instruction to the discharging circuit, so that the discharging circuit releases part of the electricity stored in the charging circuit. Compared with the prior art, the present application speeds up the voltage drop speed in the charging circuit, ensures that the charging safety verification is passed smoothly, and improves the charging protocol response speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the implementation structure of a discharge circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the implementation structure of a discharge module provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an implementation structure of a charging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a charging management module provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an implementation structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a charging system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0034] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0035] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0036] The electronic devices provided in the embodiments of the present application may include, but are not limited to, personal computers (e.g., laptops, notebook computers, etc.), mobile computing devices (e.g., tablets, tablet computers, e-reader devices, etc.), mobile communication devices (e.g., smart phones, cellular phones, personal digital assistants, messaging devices, PDAs, etc.), connection and charging devices (e.g., hubs, docking stations, adapters, chargers, etc.), audio / video / data recording and / or playback devices (e.g., cameras, recorders, handheld scanners, monitors, etc.), and other similar electronic devices that can use USB connectors (interfaces) for communication, battery charging, and / or power delivery.
[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device may include a charging management module 101, a processor 102, a charging circuit 103, a discharging circuit 104 and a battery 105, wherein:
[0038] The charging management module 101 is used to detect the insertion state or the unplugging state between the electronic device and the charging power source 20;
[0039] The charging circuit 103 is connected to the charging management module 101 and is used to charge the battery 105 according to the charging power source 20 when the electronic device is plugged into the charging power source 20. The charging circuit 103 includes a plurality of capacitors, and the plurality of capacitors store part of the electricity during the charging process of the battery 105.
[0040] The processor 102 is connected to the charging management module 101 and the discharging circuit 104 respectively, and is used to generate and send a control instruction to the discharging circuit 104 after receiving the unplugging state reported by the charging management module;
[0041] The discharge circuit 104 is connected to the charging circuit 103 and the processor 102 respectively, and is used to release part of the electricity stored in the plurality of capacitors according to the control instruction of the processor 102 when the electronic device and the charging power source 20 are unplugged.
[0042] During the implementation process, the charging management module 101 will detect whether the electronic device and the charging power supply 20 are in an inserted state or an unplugged state. When the charging management module 101 detects that the electronic device and the charging power supply 20 are in an inserted state, it will control the charging circuit 103 to charge the battery 105 according to the charging power supply 20. Among them, because the charging circuit 103 includes multiple capacitors, during the charging process, the multiple capacitors will store part of the electricity output by the charging power supply 20. When the charging management module 101 detects that the electronic device and the charging power supply 20 are in an unplugged state, the unplugging state will be reported to the processor 102. After receiving the reported unplugging state event, the processor 102 will send a control instruction to the discharge circuit 104 to enable the discharge circuit 104 to release part of the electricity stored in the multiple capacitors, so that the voltage in the charging circuit 103 drops quickly to meet the voltage drop requirement in the charging protocol.
[0043] Optionally, the charging management module 101 may include a power management chip, which may be used to manage, for example, a Power Delivery (PD) charging protocol or a Quick Charge (QC) charging protocol.
[0044] In the above electronic device, by setting a charging management module 101, a processor 102, a charging circuit 103, a discharging circuit 104 and a battery 105, the charging management module 101 charges the battery 105 according to the charging power supply 20 when detecting that the electronic device is in an inserted state with the charging power supply 20, and reports to the processor 102 after detecting that the electronic device is in an unplugged state with the charging power supply 20, so that the processor 102 generates and sends a control instruction to the discharging circuit 104, so that the discharging circuit 104 releases part of the electricity stored in the charging circuit 103. Compared with the prior art, the present application speeds up the voltage drop speed in the charging circuit, ensures that the charging safety verification is passed smoothly, and improves the charging protocol response speed.
[0045] Alternatively, if Figure 2 As shown, the discharge circuit 104 includes a conduction module 1041 and a discharge module 1042, and the conduction module 1041 is connected to the processor 102, the charging circuit 103 and the discharge module 1042 respectively, wherein:
[0046] The conduction module 1041 is used to receive and respond to the control instruction to conduct the connection between the charging circuit 103 and the discharging module 1042;
[0047] The discharge module 1042 is used to release part of the electricity stored in the multiple capacitors.
[0048] During implementation, when the electronic device and the charging power source 20 are in an inserted state, the voltage during the charging process will not be released by the discharge module 1042 because the conduction module 1041 does not make the charging circuit 103 and the discharge module 1042 in a conductive state. After the electronic device and the charging power source 20 are unplugged, the conduction module 1041 makes the charging circuit 103 and the discharge module 1042 in a conductive state, and the discharge module 1042 starts to work and releases part of the electricity stored in multiple capacitors.
[0049] Optionally, the above-mentioned conduction module 1041 may include a transistor device and a corresponding logic gate, the logic gate being configured to receive a control instruction from the processor 102 as an input, and to generate a high voltage N gate enable signal applied to the gate of the transistor device as an output. The transistor device 230b may be composed of multiple groups of independently controlled DEFET transistors, and the multiple groups of DEFETs are connected in parallel with each other between the input pin and the ground output pin. The gate of each group of DEFETs is coupled to receive a high voltage N gate enable signal from the logic gate, and each DEFET transistor is configured to withstand a high voltage between its drain and its source. In some embodiments, metal traces with suitable resistivity characteristics may be used on the transistor device and the pins and the die between them to avoid or at least minimize the risk of heating or melting. For example, such a metal trace can be constructed to withstand a maximum current of 880mA (22V / 25Ω), which is much higher than the maximum current expected to be conducted by the discharge circuit 104230 under the USB-PD current discharge requirements.
[0050] Preferably, the conduction module 1041 may be a transistor or a field effect transistor, or a single-pole multi-throw switch.
[0051] Alternatively, if Figure 3 As shown, the above-mentioned discharge module 1042 may include a discharge resistor and a ground terminal, and the discharge resistor is arranged between the charging circuit 103 and the ground terminal, wherein:
[0052] The discharge resistor is used to increase the impedance of the charging circuit 103 to the ground when the charging circuit 103 and the discharge module 1042 are turned on, so as to reduce part of the electricity stored in the multiple capacitors.
[0053] Optionally, the discharge resistor may be disposed between the charging circuit 103 and the conduction module 1041, or between the conduction module 1041 and the ground terminal, so as to increase the impedance between the charging circuit 103 and the ground terminal. Figure 3 The above is only an example and cannot be used as a limitation to the present application.
[0054] Optionally, since the USB charging protocol has requirements on current power consumption, the current needs to be set within a value range less than 2.5 mA, so the resistance value of the above-mentioned discharge resistor can be greater than or equal to 1k ohm.
[0055] Alternatively, if Figure 4 As shown, the charging circuit 103 further includes an overvoltage protection chip, which is connected to the charging management module 101 and the battery 105 respectively, and is used to maintain the charging voltage output by the charging power source 20 to the battery 105 within a preset voltage range.
[0056] During implementation, when the electronic device and the charging power source 20 are in an inserted state, since the charging protocol has requirements on the range of the charging voltage, an overvoltage protection chip needs to be provided in the charging circuit 103 to maintain the charging voltage output by the charging power source 20 to the battery 105 within a preset voltage range. Also because the overvoltage protection chip is provided, after the electronic device and the charging power source 20 are in an unplugged state, the charging circuit 103 is separated into a front-end circuit close to the charging power source 20 and a back-end circuit close to the electronic device, resulting in inconsistent voltage drop rates at the front and back end circuits of the overvoltage protection chip. The back end of the overvoltage protection chip is close to the charging chip of the electronic device, and the voltage drop speed is fast (within 10ms), and the front end of the overvoltage protection chip is close to the USB connector, and the voltage drop speed is slow (122ms). Therefore, in some embodiments, the discharge circuit 104 can also be provided in the part of the charging circuit 103 where the voltage drop speed is slower to speed up the voltage drop speed.
[0057] It should be noted that Figure 4 The discharge circuit 104 shown in the figure is mainly used to release the residual power close to the charging power source 20 side. The discharge circuit 104 can also be connected in parallel between the overvoltage protection chip and the battery 105 to release the power stored in the capacitor between the overvoltage protection chip and the battery 105.
[0058] Alternatively, if Figure 5 As shown, the charging management module 101 includes a detection submodule 1012 and a connection submodule 1011, and the detection submodule 1012 is connected to the connection submodule 1011 and the processor 102 respectively, wherein:
[0059] The connection submodule 1011 is used to output a target signal to the detection submodule 1012 according to the target state at the current moment, wherein the voltage amplitude of the target signal in different target states is different, and the target state includes an inserted state or an unplugged state;
[0060] The detection submodule 1012 is used to determine and send the target state to the processor 102 according to the voltage amplitude of the target signal.
[0061] During the implementation process, since the connection states between the electronic device and the charging power source 20 are different when they are in the inserted state and when they are in the unplugged state, the voltage at the connection submodule 1011 is different when they are in the inserted state and when they are in the unplugged state. Therefore, the charging management module 101 can determine whether the electronic device and the charging power source 20 are in the inserted state or in the unplugged state at the current moment by detecting the voltage amplitude of the connection submodule 1011.
[0062] Optionally, the connection submodule 1011 includes a connection interface, which is used to connect to the charging power source 20, and the interface type of the connection interface is USB-C.
[0063] It should be understood that in PD fast charging communication, the power supply device (charging power source 20) is defined as a downstream port (Downstream Facing Port, DFP), and the power consumption device (electronic device) is defined as an upstream port (Upstream Facing Port, UFP). The port that can be used as both DFP and UFP is defined as a dual-role port (Dual Role Port, DRP). When used as a power supply end, CC1 and CC2 are pulled up to VCC through a resistor Rp respectively; when used as a power consumption end, CC1 and CC2 are pulled down to GND through a resistor Rd. For dual-role ports, CC1 and CC2 will continuously switch between the two states of Rp pull-up state and Rd pull-down state. Thus, the electronic device can determine whether it is connected to an external device at this time based on the voltage amplitude values at the CC1 and CC2 interfaces, and if connected to an external device, whether the external device is a charging power source 20.
[0064] Figure 6 The following is a schematic diagram of an implementation structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device includes a charging management module 101, a processor 102, a charging circuit 103, a discharging circuit 104 and a battery 105, wherein the charging management module 101 includes a connection end and a charging management module, the charging circuit 103 includes an overvoltage protection chip and multiple capacitors, the discharging circuit 104 includes a discharge resistor R1 and a transistor Q, the driving end of the transistor Q is connected to the processor 102 through a voltage drop resistor R2, the input end of the transistor Q is respectively connected to the overvoltage protection chip and the capacitor through the discharge resistor R1, and the output end of the transistor Q is connected to the ground end.
[0065] When the electronic device is in an inserted state between the charging power source 20, the connection end is connected to the charging power source 20, and the charging management module determines that it is in the inserted state at this time through the voltage value at the connection end, and controls the charging circuit 103 to charge the battery 105 according to the charging power source 20. During the charging process, the capacitor in the charging circuit 103 will store part of the electricity; when the electronic device is in an unplugged state between the charging power source 20, the connection end is disconnected from the charging power source 20, and the charging management module determines that it is in the unplugged state at this time through the voltage value at the connection end, and reports the unplugging event to the processor 102. The processor 102 generates and sends a control instruction to the transistor Q according to the unplugging event. The control instruction is transmitted to the driving end of the transistor Q after being stepped down by the voltage-dropping resistor R2, so that the transistor Q turns on the connection state between the charging circuit 103 and the ground end, so that the residual part of the electricity in the capacitor is released after being processed by the discharge resistor R1, so as to accelerate the voltage drop rate in the charging circuit 103.
[0066] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, the charging system may include a charging power source 20 and the electronic device as described in the above embodiments, and the charging power source 20 is used to provide a charging voltage for the electronic device.
[0067] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this specification. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0068] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like used herein to indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.
[0069] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of this specification may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.
[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this specification and is not intended to limit this specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this specification should be included in the scope of protection of this specification.
Claims
1. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a charging management module, a processor, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit and a battery, wherein: The charging management module is used to detect the insertion state or the unplugging state between the electronic device and the charging power source; The charging circuit is connected to the charging management module and is used to charge the battery according to the charging power supply when the electronic device and the charging power supply are in the inserted state. The charging circuit includes a plurality of capacitors, and the plurality of capacitors store part of the electricity in the process of charging the battery. The processor is connected to the charging management module and the discharging circuit respectively, and is used to generate and send a control instruction to the discharging circuit after receiving the unplugging state reported by the charging management module; The discharge circuit is connected to the charging circuit and the processor respectively, and is used to release part of the electricity stored in the multiple capacitors according to the control instruction of the processor when the electronic device and the charging power supply are in the unplugged state.
2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The discharge circuit includes a conduction module and a discharge module, and the conduction module is connected to the processor, the charging circuit and the discharge module respectively, wherein: The conduction module is used to receive and respond to the control instruction to conduct the connection between the charging circuit and the discharging module; The discharge module is used to release part of the electricity stored in the multiple capacitors.
3. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge module comprises a discharge resistor and a ground terminal, wherein the discharge resistor is arranged between the charging circuit and the ground terminal, wherein: The discharge resistor is used to increase the impedance of the charging circuit to ground when the charging circuit and the discharge module are turned on, so as to reduce part of the electricity stored in the multiple capacitors.
4. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The charging circuit also includes an overvoltage protection chip, which is connected to the charging management module and the battery respectively, and is used to maintain the charging voltage output by the charging power supply to the battery within a preset voltage range.
5. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The charging management module includes a detection submodule and a connection submodule, and the detection submodule is connected to the connection submodule and the processor respectively, wherein: The connection submodule is used to output a target signal to the detection submodule according to a target state at a current moment, wherein the voltage amplitude of the target signal in different target states is different, and the target state includes the plug-in state or the unplugged state; The detection submodule is used to determine and send the target state to the processor according to the voltage amplitude of the target signal.
6. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connection submodule includes a connection interface, which is used to connect to the charging power source, and the interface type of the connection interface is USB-C.
7. The electronic device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The resistance value of the discharge resistor is greater than or equal to 1k ohm.
8. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conduction module is a triode or a field effect transistor.
9. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conduction module is a single-pole multi-throw switch.
10. A charging system, characterized in that: The charging system comprises a charging power source and the electronic device as described in any one of claims 1-9.