Novel packaging structure of perovskite solar cell

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of perovskite cells, and discloses a novel packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell. Comprising a substrate and a perovskite solar cell arranged above the substrate, the perovskite solar cell is coated with a first packaging layer, a second packaging layer is arranged above the first packaging layer, the second packaging layer comprises a plurality of groups of blocking layers, each blocking layer comprises a hydrophobic layer and a water oxygen absorption layer which are alternately arranged from bottom to top, and the hydrophobic layers and the water oxygen absorption layers are arranged on the substrate. A hydrophobic layer is arranged on the uppermost layer in the barrier layers; and the blocking layer is coated with a sealing layer. And external water vapor and oxygen are subjected to multiple absorption and multiple blocking, so that the probability that the water vapor enters the perovskite battery is reduced. The water vapor barrier property is improved, the water vapor is prevented from permeating the surface of the perovskite solar cell, the probability of degradation caused by water vapor entering a perovskite layer in the perovskite solar cell is reduced, and the service life of the perovskite solar cell is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of perovskite batteries and relates to a novel packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell. Background Art

[0002] Perovskite solar cells are an emerging solar cell technology that has attracted much attention for its high conversion rate and low-cost preparation. Since its invention, the conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has increased from only 3.8% to 26.1%, which is comparable to the efficiency of silicon-based cells, showing broad development prospects. At the same time, perovskite crystals can also be attached to glass, which has the potential for large-scale production and is expected to become the mainstream technology route in the future.

[0003] In the prior art, perovskite solar cells are generally bonded together with a packaging cover plate, and the cover plate and the substrate are combined by a thermoplastic film. This packaging method still inevitably allows a small amount of water vapor and oxygen to penetrate into the perovskite light-absorbing layer, and this packaging method also cannot meet the requirements of flexible packaging. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a new packaging structure for perovskite solar cells.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A novel packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell comprises a substrate and a perovskite solar cell arranged on the substrate, wherein the perovskite solar cell is coated with a first packaging layer, a second packaging layer is arranged on the first packaging layer, the second packaging layer comprises a plurality of groups of barrier layers, the barrier layers comprise a hydrophobic layer and a water and oxygen absorption layer alternately arranged from bottom to top, and the uppermost layer of the barrier layers is provided with a hydrophobic layer, and the barrier layers are coated with a sealing layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the water oxygen absorption layer is composed of a plurality of nano-columns made of active metal materials.

[0008] Furthermore, the height of the nanocolumns is 20 nm to 200 nm;

[0009] Furthermore, the first encapsulation layer is a shell structure, and the perovskite solar cell is arranged in a accommodating chamber of the shell structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the material of the hydrophobic layer is a fluorine-containing polymer, and preferably, the fluorine-containing polymer is fluorinated polyethylene.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the hydrophobic layer to the water oxygen absorption layer is (0.1-10): 1

[0012] Further, the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer or polyparaxylene film;

[0013] Alternatively, the first encapsulation layer is a multilayer structure in which organic films and inorganic films are alternately covered.

[0014] Furthermore, the perovskite solar cell includes a layer structure, and the layer structure includes a conductive layer, a first carrier layer, a perovskite layer, a second carrier layer, and a back electrode layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

[0015] Furthermore, the layer structure is divided into a plurality of sub-cell structures by a plurality of grooves, and the sub-cell structures include a light-emitting effective area and a laser scribing area.

[0016] Furthermore, each of the groove portions includes a first groove, a second groove and a third groove arranged in parallel; the first groove passes through the conductive layer, and the first groove is filled with a first material that is the same as the first carrier layer material; the second groove passes through the first carrier layer, the perovskite layer, and the second carrier layer in sequence, and the second groove is filled with a second material that is the same as the back electrode layer material; the third groove passes through the first carrier layer, the perovskite layer, the second carrier layer, and the back electrode layer in sequence, and the third groove is filled with a third material that is the same as the first encapsulation layer material.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] First, the utility model uses a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer to encapsulate the perovskite solar cell in sequence. When external water vapor penetrates into the second encapsulation layer, it is first isolated by the sealing layer. When the hydrophobic layer and the water oxygen absorption layer are stacked once, if there is water vapor passing through the sealing layer, it will be first absorbed by the upper hydrophobic layer. In addition, the water oxygen absorption layer can absorb both water vapor and oxygen. The water vapor and oxygen passing through the upper hydrophobic layer are further absorbed by the water oxygen absorption layer. The water vapor passing through the water oxygen absorption layer can continue to be absorbed by the lower hydrophobic layer. If there is still oxygen and water vapor passing through the second encapsulation layer, they will also be isolated by the first encapsulation layer, thereby improving the water vapor barrier property of the package and enhancing the stability of the perovskite solar cell.

[0019] Second, when the hydrophobic layer and the water-oxygen absorption layer are stacked multiple times, the external water vapor and oxygen are absorbed multiple times, and the multiple barriers reduce the probability of water vapor entering the perovskite cell. The water vapor barrier is improved, avoiding penetration of the surface of the perovskite solar cell, reducing the probability of degradation of the perovskite layer due to water vapor entering the perovskite solar cell, and increasing the service life of the perovskite solar cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification, and together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present utility model.

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a perovskite solar cell packaging structure in which a hydrophobic layer and a water oxygen absorption layer are stacked once, as provided in Example 1 of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a perovskite solar cell packaging structure in which a hydrophobic layer and a water-oxygen absorption layer are stacked multiple times, as provided in Example 2 of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the packaging structure when the groove portions of the perovskite solar cell provided in Example 2 of the utility model are a group.

[0025] Among them: 10 is a substrate; 11 is a layer structure; 11-1 is a conductive layer; 11-2 is a first carrier layer; 11-3 is a perovskite layer; 11-4 is a second carrier layer; 11-5 is a back electrode layer; 12 is a first encapsulation layer; 13 is a second encapsulation layer; 13-1 is a hydrophobic layer; 13-2 is a water oxygen absorption layer; 14 is a sealing layer; 11-5 is a back electrode layer; 15 is a sub-cell structure; 15-1 is a light-emitting effective area; 15-2 is a laser scribing area; P1 is a first groove; P2 is a second groove; P3 is a third groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Here, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present utility model. Instead, they are only examples of devices consistent with some aspects of the present utility model as detailed in the attached claims.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A novel packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell comprises a substrate 10 and a perovskite solar cell 11 arranged above the substrate 10, wherein the perovskite solar cell is coated with a first packaging layer 12, a second packaging layer 13 is arranged above the first packaging layer 12, the second packaging layer 13 comprises a plurality of groups of barrier layers, the barrier layers comprise a hydrophobic layer 13-1 and a water and oxygen absorption layer 13-2 alternately arranged from bottom to top, and the uppermost layer of the barrier layers is provided with the hydrophobic layer 13-1; the barrier layers are coated with a sealing layer 14.

[0029] Specifically, the perovskite solar cell is arranged above the substrate 10, and a package body is arranged above the perovskite solar cell, the package body includes a first package layer 12 and a second package layer 13, and the second package layer 13 is arranged above the first package layer 12; and the outer wall of the perovskite solar cell is in contact with the inner wall of the first package layer 12; the upper surface of the first package layer 12 is in contact with the lower surface of the second package layer 13.

[0030] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, if the hydrophobic layer 13-1 and the water and oxygen absorbing layer 13-2 are stacked once (i.e., the barrier layer is one group), then the second encapsulation layer is composed from bottom to top: hydrophobic layer 13-1, water and oxygen absorbing layer 13-2, hydrophobic layer 13-1, and sealing layer 14;

[0031] When external water vapor penetrates into the second encapsulation layer 13, it is first isolated by the sealing layer 14. If there is water vapor passing through the sealing layer 14, it will first be absorbed by the upper hydrophobic layer 13-1. Secondly, the water-oxygen absorbing layer can absorb both water vapor and oxygen. The water vapor and oxygen passing through the upper hydrophobic layer are further absorbed by the water-oxygen absorbing layer 13-2. The water vapor passing through the water-oxygen absorbing layer 13-2 can continue to be absorbed by the lower hydrophobic layer 13-1.

[0032] Furthermore, the water oxygen absorption layer 13-2 is composed of a plurality of nanocolumns made of active metal materials, and the number of nanocolumns is related to the area of ​​the water oxygen absorption layer. When the area of ​​the water oxygen absorption layer 13-2 is larger, the number of nanocolumns is large, and when the number of nanocolumns is ≥2, the spacing between adjacent nanocolumns is 10nm to 1000nm.

[0033] When the area of ​​the water oxygen absorption layer 13 - 2 is small, the number of nano-columns is small. In addition, when the diameter of the nano-column is large, only one nano-column may be provided.

[0034] The water-oxygen absorption layer 13-2 formed by multiple nanocolumns can remove water vapor and oxygen in the environment where the perovskite solar cell is used. When a small amount of oxygen penetrates into the perovskite solar cell, the water-oxygen absorption layer 13-2 can react chemically with it to generate metal oxides. The properties of metal oxides are also relatively stable and can further isolate water and oxygen.

[0035] Further, the height of the nanocolumn is 20nm to 200nm; it should be noted that the height of the nanocolumn can be adaptively prepared according to actual needs, and the optional heights are: 20nm, 40nm, 60nm, 80nm, 100nm, 120nm, 140nm, 160nm, 180nm, 200nm. It should be noted that the hydrophobic layer can be adaptively prepared according to actual needs, and the optional spacing is: 10nm, 50nm, 100nm, 200nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 1000nm;

[0036] Furthermore, the first encapsulation layer 12 is a shell structure, and the perovskite solar cell is arranged in a receiving chamber of the shell structure.

[0037] Furthermore, the material of the hydrophobic layer 13 - 1 is a fluorine-containing polymer, and preferably, the fluorine-containing polymer is fluorinated polyethylene.

[0038] Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the hydrophobic layer 13 - 1 to the water oxygen absorbing layer 13 - 2 is (0.1-10):1.

[0039] Wherein: the thickness of the hydrophobic layer is 5μm to 50μm. It should be noted that the hydrophobic layer can be adaptively prepared according to actual needs, and the optional thickness is: 5μm, 10μm, 15μm, 20μm, 25μm, 30μm, 35μm, 40μm, 45μm, 50μm;

[0040] Further, the first encapsulation layer 12 and the second encapsulation layer 13 are polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer or polyparaxylene film;

[0041] Alternatively, the first encapsulation layer 12 is a multi-layer structure in which organic films and inorganic films are alternately covered.

[0042] The polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer may include one or more of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, a polyolefin elastomer layer, a co-extruded POE film layer, and a polyvinyl butyral layer.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The difference from Example 1 is that:

[0045] The hydrophobic layer 13-1 and the water oxygen absorbing layer 13-2 are stacked multiple times. For example, the hydrophobic layer 13-1 and the water oxygen absorbing layer 13-2 are stacked twice (that is, the barrier layer is two layers). Figure 2As shown, the second encapsulation layer comprises from top to bottom: sealing layer 14, hydrophobic layer 13-1, water oxygen absorption layer 13-2, hydrophobic layer 13-1, water oxygen absorption layer 13-2, hydrophobic layer 13-1; the same applies to the case where the layers are stacked twice or more, and will not be described in detail here.

[0046] When external water vapor penetrates into the second encapsulation layer 13, it is first isolated by the sealing layer 14. When the hydrophobic layer 13-1 and the water-oxygen absorption layer 13-2 are stacked multiple times, the external water vapor and oxygen are absorbed by the multiple hydrophobic layers 13-1 and the water-oxygen absorption layer 13-2, thereby improving the water-oxygen barrier property of the package. If there is still oxygen and water vapor passing through the second encapsulation layer 13, they will be further isolated by the first encapsulation layer 12 to avoid penetrating the surface of the perovskite solar cell, thereby reducing the probability of degradation of the perovskite layer in the perovskite solar cell due to water vapor entering the perovskite solar cell.

[0047] Furthermore, the perovskite solar cell includes a layer structure 11, and the layer structure 11 includes a conductive layer 11-1, a first carrier layer 11-2, a perovskite layer 11-3, a second carrier layer 11-4, and a back electrode layer 11-5 arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

[0048] Furthermore, the layer structure 11 is divided into three sub-cell structures 15 by two groove portions, and the sub-cell structure 15 includes a light-emitting effective area 15 - 1 and a laser-scribed area 15 - 2 .

[0049] Furthermore, each groove portion includes a first groove P1, a second groove P2 and a third groove P3 arranged in parallel; the first groove P1 passes through the conductive layer 11-1, and is filled with a first material that is the same as the material of the first carrier layer 11-2; the second groove P2 passes through the first carrier layer 11-2, the perovskite layer 11-3, and the second carrier layer 11-4 in sequence, and is filled with a second material that is the same as the material of the back electrode layer 11-5; the third groove P3 passes through the first carrier layer 11-2, the perovskite layer 11-3, the second carrier layer 11-4, and the back electrode layer 11-5 in sequence, and is filled with a third material that is the same as the material of the first encapsulation layer 12, so that the sub-battery structures 15 are also well isolated.

[0050] It should be noted that the number of the grooves can be set according to the design requirements of the perovskite solar cell. Figure 3 As shown, when there is one groove portion, one groove portion divides the perovskite solar cell into two sub-cell structures 15; when there are multiple groove portions, for example, two, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, two grooves divide the perovskite solar cell into three sub-cell structures 15, and so on..., that is, n grooves can divide the perovskite solar cell into n+1 sub-cell structures.

[0051] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

[0052] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described contents, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A novel packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell, comprising a substrate (10) and a perovskite solar cell arranged above the substrate (10), characterized in that: The perovskite solar cell is coated with a first encapsulation layer (12), a second encapsulation layer (13) is arranged above the first encapsulation layer (12), the second encapsulation layer (13) comprises a plurality of groups of barrier layers, the barrier layers comprise hydrophobic layers (13-1) and water oxygen absorption layers (13-2) arranged alternately from bottom to top, and the uppermost layer of the barrier layers is provided with a hydrophobic layer (13-1); the barrier layers are coated with a sealing layer (14).

2. A novel packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water oxygen absorption layer (13-2) is composed of a plurality of nano-columns made of active metal materials.

3. A novel packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the nanocolumn is 20nm-200nm.

4. The novel packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first packaging layer (12) is a shell structure, and the perovskite solar cell is arranged in a containing chamber of the shell structure.

5. The novel packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the hydrophobic layer (13-1) is a fluorine-containing polymer.

6. The novel packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness ratio of the hydrophobic layer (13-1) to the water oxygen absorbing layer (13-2) is (0.1-10):

1.

7. The novel packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first encapsulation layer (12) and the second encapsulation layer (13) are polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer or polyparaxylene film; Alternatively, the first encapsulation layer (12) is a multilayer structure in which organic films and inorganic films are alternately covered.

8. The novel packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perovskite solar cell comprises a layer structure (11), wherein the layer structure (11) comprises a conductive layer (11-1), a first carrier layer (11-2), a perovskite layer (11-3), a second carrier layer (11-4), and a back electrode layer (11-5) arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

9. The novel packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The layer structure (11) is divided into a plurality of sub-cell structures (15) by a plurality of grooves.

10. The novel packaging structure of a perovskite solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each of the groove portions comprises a first groove (P1), a second groove (P2) and a third groove (P3) arranged in parallel; The first groove (P1) penetrates the conductive layer (11-1), and the first groove (P1) is filled with a first material that is the same as the material of the first carrier layer (11-2); The second groove (P2) sequentially penetrates the first carrier layer (11-2), the perovskite layer (11-3), and the second carrier layer (11-4), and the second groove (P2) is filled with a second material that is the same as the material of the back electrode layer (11-5); The third groove (P3) sequentially penetrates the first carrier layer (11-2), the perovskite layer (11-3), the second carrier layer (11-4), and the back electrode layer (11-5), and the third groove (P3) is filled with a third material that is the same as the material of the first encapsulation layer (12).

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