Guide mechanism of high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a guide mechanism of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer, and relates to the field of geothermal drilling. The device comprises an outer pipe and a punch hammer arranged in the outer pipe in a reciprocating motion mode, and is characterized in that a guide sleeve is arranged in the outer pipe in a sleeved mode, and a plurality of vertical guide strips are installed on the inner side wall of the guide sleeve through assembly parts; the punch hammer is arranged in the guide sleeve and assembled with the guide sleeve in a sliding mode, the outer wall of the guide sleeve is sleeved with a guide ring in an interference mode, and the guide ring abuts against the guide strip in a sliding mode. The utility model has the beneficial effects that the guide sleeve is additionally arranged, and the guide strip is in sliding butt joint with the guide ring on the punch hammer, so that the punch hammer is guided and restrained, the additional bending moment of the punch hammer is reduced, the amplitude and bad load of the piston rod are reduced, the fatigue operation of the piston rod is avoided, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of geothermal drilling, relates to the field of geothermal drilling tools, and specifically relates to a guiding mechanism of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer. Background Art

[0002] When drilling deep geothermal energy, hard rock formations such as granite are often encountered. When drilling with conventional methods, the drilling efficiency is low. The cost of drilling with pneumatic down-the-hole hammers is high, and its applicability is poor for formations with large water output and unstable well walls. Therefore, the use of high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammers can make up for the shortcomings of pneumatic down-the-hole hammer drilling.

[0003] The high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer uses the energy in the flushing fluid supplied by the mud pump during the drilling process to directly drive the hammer inside the hydraulic hammer to form an up and down reciprocating motion, and continuously applies an impact load of a certain frequency to the hammer head of the lower drill bit to achieve impact drilling.

[0004] When the hammer of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer impacts the hammer head, since the piston rod connected to it is a slender rod structure with low rigidity, and the tail end face of the hammer head and the end face of the hammer are not ideal planes, additional bending moment will be generated after the hammer impacts the drill bit, causing elastic deformation and lateral vibration of the piston rod, adding additional load to the piston rod and affecting the service life of the piston rod. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that the impact of the hammer is likely to cause additional bending moment and damage to the piston rod, the utility model provides a guiding mechanism for a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer. By adding a guiding sleeve and using the guiding strip to slide and abut against the guiding ring on the hammer, the hammer is guided and constrained, the generation of the additional bending moment of the hammer is reduced, the amplitude and adverse load of the piston rod are reduced, the fatigue operation of the piston rod is avoided, and the service life is extended.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide a guiding mechanism of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer, comprising an outer tube and a hammer reciprocatingly arranged in the outer tube, the inner sleeve of the outer tube is provided with a guiding sleeve, and the inner side wall of the guiding sleeve is installed with a plurality of vertical guiding strips by means of an assembly part; the hammer is built into the guiding sleeve and slidably assembled with the guiding sleeve, and the outer wall of the guiding sleeve is interference-sleeved with a guiding ring, and the guiding ring is slidably abutted against the guiding strip.

[0007] After the guide sleeve is installed in the outer tube of the down-the-hole hammer, the guide sleeve is circumferentially arranged in the guide sleeve. After the hammer is placed in the guide sleeve, the guide ring on the outer wall of the hammer abuts against the guide strip in the guide sleeve. After the hammer is assembled with the piston rod, when the hammer is driven to reciprocate in the guide sleeve, the clearance between the guide strip and the guide ring is matched to reduce the generation of additional bending moment of the hammer, thereby reducing the amplitude of the piston rod, reducing the adverse load of the piston rod, avoiding fatigue operation of the piston rod, extending its service life, and ensuring operational safety and reliability.

[0008] To further optimize the technical solution, the assembly includes a cover plate fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the guide strip, the cover plate is fitted with the inner wall of the guide sleeve, and is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the guide sleeve.

[0009] The guide strip is fixed by welding the cover plate to the guide sleeve. The cover plate increases the contact area between the guide strip and the guide sleeve, enhances the firmness of the assembly, and ensures the reliability of use.

[0010] To further optimize the technical solution, a positioning groove is provided on the inner wall of the guide sleeve, and a plurality of positioning points are provided on the outer wall of the cover plate, the positioning points respectively correspond to the positions of the positioning grooves and are engaged with the positioning grooves.

[0011] When the cover plate is fitted on the inner wall of the guide sleeve and fixed by welding, the positioning points on the cover plate engage with the positioning grooves in the guide sleeve, so that the cover plate can be quickly positioned on the guide sleeve for quick welding and fixing, thus shortening the assembly time and improving assembly efficiency.

[0012] To further optimize the technical solution, a boss is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the outer tube, and the bottom surface of the guide sleeve abuts against the boss.

[0013] After the guide sleeve is pushed into the outer tube, the guide sleeve abuts against the boss at the bottom of the outer tube, and the boss supports the guide sleeve to prevent the guide sleeve from falling off from the outer tube, thereby ensuring reliability of use.

[0014] To further optimize the technical solution, the guide strip and the guide ring are both made of cemented carbide.

[0015] The guide strip and guide ring utilize the high hardness and high wear resistance of cemented carbide to reduce their contact wear and keep the gap between the guide strip and the guide ring stable, so as to limit the swing of the hammer and the damage to the drive of the piston rod, thereby improving the safety of use.

[0016] To further optimize the technical solution, the cemented carbide is a tin-tungsten alloy.

[0017] When tin-tungsten alloy is used in cemented carbide, the tungsten atoms in the tin-tungsten alloy are dissolved in the basic body of tin in the form of solid solution. Since the atomic radius of tungsten atoms is different from that of tin, when tungsten atoms are dissolved into the tin lattice, lattice distortion will be caused, thereby increasing the bonding force between the internal lattices of the tin-tungsten alloy, thereby improving the hardness of the tin-tungsten alloy. The high hardness of the tin-tungsten alloy can resist the cutting and wear of other materials, keep its surface integrity, and have good wear resistance. The high hardness and wear resistance of the tin-tungsten alloy reduce the wear of the guide ring along the reciprocating sliding of the guide strip, maintain the stability of the matching clearance between the guide strip and the guide ring, and ensure stability in use.

[0018] To further optimize the technical solution, the outer surfaces of the guide strip and the guide ring are coated with a nano-lubricating coating.

[0019] The nano-lubricating coating applied on the outer surfaces of the guide strip and the guide ring reduces the friction coefficient of their contact, allowing them to slide smoothly relative to each other while reducing their contact wear, maintaining the stability of the fitting clearance between the guide strip and the guide ring and improving the stability of use.

[0020] To further optimize the technical solution, the nano-lubricating coating is a nano-aluminum oxide coating, and the coating thickness is 10-20 nanometers.

[0021] The alumina particles in the nano-alumina coating are of nano-scale size, which gives the coating surface an extremely high specific surface area and a large number of micro-nano-scale pores. The lubricating medium can be stored and released in the pores, so that a stable lubricating film is formed on the surface of the guide strip and the guide ring, thereby reducing the friction coefficient of their contact. The surface of the nano-alumina coating has good affinity and can form a stable chemical bond with the lubricating medium, thereby improving the adhesion and stability of the lubricating film, helping to reduce the loss and volatilization of the lubricating medium and improving the lubrication effect. In addition, the nano-alumina coating has high hardness and wear resistance, which ensures stability in use, extends service life, and guarantees lubrication effect.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0023] 1. After the guide sleeve is pushed into the outer tube, it abuts against the boss to prevent the guide sleeve from slipping out of the outer tube and ensure the reliability of use. When the guide strip is assembled in the guide sleeve with the help of the cover plate, the cover plate fits on the inner wall of the guide sleeve, and the positioning point on the cover plate is clamped with the positioning groove on the guide sleeve, so as to quickly position the cover plate and fix it by welding, thereby improving the operation efficiency;

[0024] 2. After the hammer is placed in the guide sleeve and assembled with the piston rod, the piston rod drives the hammer to move back and forth along the guide sleeve. The guide ring sleeved on the piston abuts against the guide bar, and the clearance between the guide bar and the guide ring is matched, which reduces the generation of additional bending moment of the hammer, reduces the amplitude of the piston rod, avoids fatigue operation of the piston rod, and prolongs its service life;

[0025] 3. The cemented carbide of the guide ring and the guide strip has high hardness and wear resistance, which reduces their contact wear. In addition, the nano-lubricating coating attached to the outer surface of the guide ring and the guide strip reduces their contact friction coefficient and makes their relative movement smooth, thereby maintaining the stability of the contact gap between the guide ring and the guide strip, avoiding the hammer shaking and affecting the operation of the piston rod, and ensuring the safety and reliability of operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer guiding mechanism of this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the outer tube of this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the guide sleeve and the guide strip assembly of this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the guide sleeve of this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the guide strip of this embodiment;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hammer of this embodiment.

[0032] In the figure, 1, outer tube; 101, boss; 2, hammer; 3, guide sleeve; 301, positioning groove; 4, guide strip; 5, guide ring; 6, cover plate; 601, positioning point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] Please refer to the attached Figure 1-5A guiding mechanism for a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer comprises an outer tube 1 and a hammer 2 which is reciprocatingly arranged in the outer tube 1. A guiding sleeve 3 is provided inside the outer tube 1. A boss 101 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the outer tube 1. The bottom surface of the guiding sleeve 3 abuts against the boss 101. The boss 101 positions the guiding sleeve 3 to prevent the boss 101 from slipping out of the outer tube 1. The hammer 2 is built in the guiding sleeve 3 and after being assembled with the piston rod, the hammer 2 is driven to reciprocate in the guiding sleeve 3. A plurality of vertical guiding parts are installed in the guiding sleeve 3 by means of an assembly part. The guide strip 4 is provided with a cover plate 6 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide strip 4. The cover plate 6 is fitted with the inner wall of the guide sleeve 3, and the cover plate 6 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the guide sleeve 3 to enhance the firmness of the assembly and ensure the reliability of use. The inner wall of the guide sleeve 3 is provided with a positioning groove 301, and a plurality of positioning points 601 are provided on the outer wall of the cover plate 6. The positioning points 601 correspond to the positions of the positioning grooves 301. After the positioning points 601 are engaged with the positioning grooves 301, the cover plate 6 is quickly positioned, which saves the positioning and calibration time of the cover plate 6 and improves the assembly efficiency.

[0035] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 Attached Figure 6 The outer wall of the hammer 2 is sleeved with a guide ring 5, which is sleeved on the hammer 2 by the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, and ensures the firmness of the sleeve. The guide ring 5 replaces the hammer 2 and slides with the guide strip 4 to limit the shaking of the hammer 2, reduce the vibration amplitude of the piston rod during operation, and reduce the undesirable load of the piston rod. The guide ring 5 and the guide strip 4 are both cemented carbide. The cemented carbide has high hardness and high wear resistance, which reduces the wear of the sliding contact between the guide strip 4 and the guide ring 5, reduces the change of the matching clearance, ensures the reliability of use, and prolongs the service life. The cemented carbide of the guide ring 5 and the guide strip 4 can be made of tin-tungsten alloy, which is forged. The tungsten atoms in the tin-tungsten alloy are dissolved in the basic body of tin in the form of solid solution. Since the atomic radius of tungsten atoms is different from that of tin, when tungsten atoms are dissolved into the lattice of tin, lattice distortion will be caused, thereby increasing the bonding force between the internal lattices of the tin-tungsten alloy, thereby improving the hardness of the tin-tungsten alloy. Due to the high hardness of the tin-tungsten alloy, it can resist the cutting and wear of other materials, so that its surface maintains integrity and has good wear resistance. The high hardness and wear resistance of the tin-tungsten alloy reduce the wear of the guide ring along the reciprocating sliding of the guide strip 4, reduce the change of the matching clearance between the guide strip 4 and the guide ring 5, maintain the guiding and limiting effect of the impact hammer 2, and ensure the reliability of use;

[0036] Please refer to the attached Figure 1The outer surfaces of the guide strip 4 and the guide ring 5 are coated with a nano-lubricating coating, which reduces the friction coefficient of the sliding contact between the guide strip 4 and the guide ring 5, thereby reducing the wear of the guide strip 4 and the guide ring 5, and further extending the service life of the guide strip 4 and the guide ring 5. The nano-lubricating coating can use a nano-alumina coating. By using a conventional nano-alumina coating, it is coated on the surface of the guide strip 4 and the guide ring 5 by spraying, so as to quickly form a nano-alumina coating, and the preferred spraying thickness of the nano-alumina coating is 20 nanometers. The aluminum oxide particles in the nano-alumina coating have nano-level The size of the coating surface makes it have a very high specific surface area and a large number of micro-nano pores, which can store and release lubricating media, so that a stable lubricating film is formed on the surface of the guide strip 4 and the guide ring 5, thereby reducing the friction coefficient of their contact. The surface of the nano-alumina coating has good affinity and can form a stable chemical bond with the lubricating medium, thereby improving the adhesion and stability of the lubricating film, helping to reduce the loss and volatilization of the lubricating medium and improving the lubricating effect. In addition, the nano-alumina coating has high hardness and wear resistance, which ensures the stability of use, prolongs the service life, and guarantees the lubricating effect.

[0037] The working principle of the guiding mechanism of the high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer is as follows: when the guiding sleeve 3 and the hammer 2 are assembled, the guiding sleeve 3 is assembled in the guiding sleeve 3 through the cover plate 6, the cover plate 6 is fitted with the inner wall of the guiding sleeve 3, and the positioning point 601 on its outer wall is clamped with the positioning groove 301 on the guiding sleeve 3, the cover plate 6 is quickly positioned on the guiding sleeve 3, and then the cover plate 6 is fixed by welding, so as to improve the assembly efficiency and ensure the firmness of the assembly. When the guiding sleeve 3 equipped with the guiding strip 4 is pushed into the outer tube 1 of the down-the-hole hammer, the guiding sleeve 3 and the bottom of the outer tube 1 are aligned. The boss 101 is in contact with the guide sleeve 3 to support the guide sleeve 3, so as to prevent the guide sleeve 3 from being separated from the outer tube 1, and to ensure the reliability of the use of the guide sleeve 3. When the hammer 2 is placed in the guide sleeve 3 and assembled with the piston rod, the guide ring 5 is assembled on the hammer 2 by using the interference fit due to thermal expansion and contraction. After the hammer 2 is pushed into the guide sleeve 3, the guide ring 5 is in contact with the guide strip 4. When the piston rod drives the hammer 2 to reciprocate and impact the hammer head of the down-the-hole hammer, the generation of additional bending moment of the hammer 2 is reduced, the amplitude of the piston rod is reduced, fatigue of the piston rod can be avoided, and the service life of the piston rod can be increased.

[0038] The cemented carbide of the guide ring 5 and the guide strip 4 makes them have high hardness and high wear resistance, reducing their contact wear. In addition, the nano-lubricating coating coated on the outer surfaces of the guide ring 5 and the guide strip 4 reduces their contact friction coefficient and reduces the wear of the guide ring 5 and the guide strip 4, thereby extending their service life and keeping the fitting clearance of the guide ring 5 and the guide strip 4 stable, thereby making the operation of the hammer 2 and the piston rod stable and safe.

Claims

1. A guiding mechanism for a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer, comprising an outer tube (1) and a hammer (2) reciprocatingly arranged in the outer tube (1), characterized in that: The outer tube (1) is provided with a guide sleeve (3) inside, and a plurality of vertical guide strips (4) are installed on the inner wall of the guide sleeve (3) by means of an assembly part; the punch (2) is built into the guide sleeve (3) and slidably assembled with the guide sleeve (3), and a guide ring (5) is interference-fitted on the outer wall of the guide sleeve (3), and the guide ring (5) is in sliding contact with the guide strips (4).

2. The guiding mechanism of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The assembly part comprises a cover plate (6) fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the guide strip (4); the cover plate (6) is fitted with the inner wall of the guide sleeve (3) and is fixed to the inner wall of the guide sleeve (3) by welding.

3. The guiding mechanism of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the guide sleeve (3) is provided with a positioning groove (301), and the outer wall of the cover plate (6) is provided with a plurality of positioning points (601), the positioning points (601) respectively corresponding to the positions of the positioning grooves (301) and being snap-connected with the positioning grooves (301).

4. The guiding mechanism of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the inner wall of the outer tube (1) is provided with a boss (101), and the bottom surface of the guide sleeve (3) abuts against the boss (101).

5. The guiding mechanism of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide strip (4) and the guide ring (5) are both made of hard alloy.

6. The guiding mechanism of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hard alloy is tin-tungsten alloy.

7. The guiding mechanism of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the guide strip (4) and the guide ring (5) are coated with a nano-lubricating coating.

8. The guiding mechanism of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The nano-lubricating coating is a nano-aluminum oxide coating, and the coating thickness is 10-20 nanometers.

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