Speed reducer structure
By adopting a structure in which the rotor shaft and the driven gear piece are splined in the reducer, the problems of assembly accuracy and service life of the existing reducer are solved, and the effect of reducing wear and extending service life is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420793870.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-17
AI Technical Summary
During the assembly and use of existing reducers, high precision and process are required, which may affect flight safety due to assembly errors. The gear bearings are subjected to double loads, resulting in wear and heating, shortening the service life of the gear box.
The speed reducer structure is adopted where the rotor shaft and the driven gear member are splined so that the rotor shaft does not participate in the rotation constraints of the driven gear. The driven gear member can operate independently and only bears radial and axial forces to reduce wear of the gear pair.
Through independently operated driven gear parts, the wear of the gear pair is reduced, the service life of the gear box is extended, and the potential risks of assembly errors to flight safety are reduced.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of aircraft manufacturing, in particular to a reducer structure. Background Art
[0002] The main reducer is one of the most critical components of a helicopter. Its main function is to transfer the power of the engine to the main rotor and to slow down and reverse the output of the engine. The main reducer transmits torque and changes the speed through gears.
[0003] Existing reducers usually have a rigid connection between the gear shaft and the rotor shaft. During assembly, the shaft system coordination between the rotor shaft and the gear shaft, the upper cover of the reducer, the sleeve, and the lower cover will bring high requirements to the assembly accuracy and assembly process of the entire system. Any over-tight or over-loose coordination will pose a hidden danger to the flight safety of the helicopter. The coaxiality of the rotor shaft and the gear will also cause the gear bearing to bear the axial load brought by the helicopter rotor shaft. Under the dual blessing of the radial load of the gear and the axial load of the rotor shaft, the shaft root and bearing will accelerate wear and heat, which will have an adverse effect on the life of the gearbox. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a reducer structure which can reduce the wear speed of gear pairs and prolong the service life of gear boxes.
[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is to provide a reducer structure, which includes a reducer housing, a rotor shaft and a driven gear member; the rotor shaft passes through the reducer housing, and the driven gear member is arranged in the reducer housing; the driven gear member and the rotor shaft are splined.
[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the driven gear member includes a gear shaft and a driven gear plate whose axes coincide with each other;
[0007] The gear shaft is rigidly connected to the driven gear plate, the gear shaft is sleeved on the rotor shaft, and the spline is arranged on the contact surface between the gear shaft and the rotor shaft.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a first spline is axially arranged on the inner circumference of the gear shaft, a second spline is arranged on the outer circumference of the rotor shaft, and the first spline is meshingly connected with the second spline.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the reducer housing includes a matched reducer upper shell and a reducer lower shell, and the reducer upper shell and the reducer lower shell are both provided with a through hole for the rotor shaft to pass through;
[0010] An end cover is installed on the end surface of the reducer lower shell away from the reducer upper shell, one end of the rotor shaft abuts against the end cover, and the other end extends out of the reducer upper shell.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the reducer structure further includes a rotor sleeve, which is sleeved on the portion of the rotor shaft extending out of the reducer upper shell and abuts against the reducer upper shell.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the reducer structure also includes a first oil seal ring and an oil seal bearing arranged between the rotor sleeve and the rotor shaft; the first oil seal ring and the oil seal bearing are sleeved on one end of the rotor shaft extending out of the reducer upper shell, and the end of the first oil seal ring facing the reducer upper shell abuts against the oil seal bearing.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the reducer structure further includes a driving gear; the driving gear is arranged between the reducer upper shell and the reducer lower shell, and the driving gear is arranged perpendicular to the rotor shaft.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the end surface of the driven gear plate is provided with first teeth along its circumference, and the end circumference of the driving gear is provided with second teeth, and the first teeth are meshed with the second teeth.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the reducer structure further includes a first angular contact bearing and a second angular contact bearing sleeved on the rotor shaft;
[0016] The first angular contact bearing is disposed in the through hole of the reducer upper shell, and the first angular contact bearing is in conflict with the inner wall of the through hole and the rotor shaft respectively;
[0017] The second angular contact bearing is arranged between the driven gear plate and the reducer lower shell, and an end surface thereof abuts against the reducer lower shell.
[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the reducer structure further comprises a ball bearing sleeved on the rotor shaft, wherein the ball bearing is arranged between the first angular contact bearing and the driven gear plate;
[0019] The reducer structure also includes a gear shaft oil seal sleeved on the rotor shaft, and the gear shaft oil seal is arranged in the through hole of the reducer lower shell.
[0020] The utility model has the advantages of: providing a reducer structure, the reducer structure comprising: a reducer housing, a rotor shaft and a driven gear member; the rotor shaft is passed through the reducer housing, and the driven gear member is arranged in the reducer housing; the driven gear member and the rotor shaft are splined; the rotor shaft and the driven gear member are splined, so that the rotor shaft does not participate in the rotation constraint of the driven gear in the reducer housing, and the driven gear member can operate independently of the rotor shaft, and only bears the radial force generated during rotation and the axial force of the gear member itself during operation, and the pulling force of the rotor shaft does not act on the gear, thereby reducing the force on the driven gear member and reducing the wear of the driven gear member, thereby extending the service life of the gear box. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0022] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the reducer structure provided in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 An axial cross-sectional view of the reducer structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 3 A first schematic diagram of a gear-spindle structure in a reducer structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 4 A second schematic diagram of the gear-spindle structure in the reducer structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0026] Wherein: 1. reducer housing; 1a. reducer upper shell; 1b. reducer lower shell; 1c. end cover; 2. rotor shaft; 3. driven gear member; 31. gear shaft; 32. driven gear plate; 321. first tooth; 4. rotor shaft sleeve; 5. first oil seal retaining ring; 6. oil seal bearing; 7. driving gear; 71. second tooth; 8. first angular contact bearing; 9. second angular contact bearing; 10. ball bearing; 11. thickened shoulder retaining ring; 12. gear shaft oil seal; 13. bearing seat; 14. third angular contact bearing; 15. outer bearing; 16. gear oil seal; 17. second oil seal retaining ring; 18. bearing seat bearing; 19. reducer angle seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0028] As described in the background technology, in the prior art, the pulling force and torque generated by the helicopter rotor need to be transmitted to the reduction box and the reduction gear; the matching of the gear pairs, shafts and bearings in the reduction box needs to ensure a very high matching tolerance. The deformation and impact loads generated by the gear box and transmission system when subjected to force will cause the bearings and gears to bear loads in directions other than radial force, thereby affecting the service life of the reducer and the efficiency of the gear transmission.
[0029] To solve the above problems, the present application creatively proposes a reducer structure, in which the assembly relationship of the gear pair in the housing is independent of the rotor system, the assembly tolerance of the rotor shaft does not affect the tooth clearance of the driven gear and the fitting clearance between the gear shaft and the housing, and the driven gear can operate independently of the rotor shaft.
[0030] The solution of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and various embodiments.
[0031] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a reducer structure, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the reducer structure includes: a reducer housing 1, a rotor shaft 2 and a driven gear member 3; the rotor shaft 2 is passed through the reducer housing 1, and the driven gear member 3 is arranged in the reducer housing 1; the driven gear member 3 and the rotor shaft 1 are spline-connected.
[0032] The rotor shaft and the driven gear are connected by splines, so that the rotor shaft does not participate in the rotation constraint of the driven gear in the reducer case. The driven gear can operate independently of the rotor shaft. During operation, it only bears the radial force generated during rotation and the axial force of the gear itself. The pulling force of the rotor shaft does not act on the gear, thereby reducing the force on the driven gear and reducing the wear of the driven gear, thereby extending the service life of the gear box.
[0033] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2 As shown, the driven gear member 3 includes a gear shaft 31 and a driven gear plate 32 whose axes coincide with each other;
[0034] The gear shaft 31 is rigidly connected to the driven gear plate 32. The gear shaft 31 is sleeved on the rotor shaft 2, and the spline is arranged on the contact surface between the gear shaft 31 and the rotor shaft 2. The gear shaft 31 transmits the torque generated by the engine to the rotor shaft 2 through the spline. The driven gear plate 32 only bears the radial force and axial force generated by the transmission itself, and does not bear the axial load generated by the rotor shaft 2.
[0035] Preferably, a first spline is axially arranged on the inner circumference of the gear shaft 31, and a second spline is arranged on the outer circumference of the rotor shaft 2, and the first spline is meshed and connected with the second spline. A longitudinal keyway is arranged on the outer surface of the rotor shaft 2, and the driven gear member 3 sleeved on the rotor shaft 2 is also provided with a corresponding matching keyway, so that the driven gear member 3 and the rotor shaft 2 can be kept rotating synchronously.
[0036] Preferably, the reducer housing 1 includes a matched reducer upper shell 1a and a reducer lower shell 1b, and the reducer upper shell 1a and the reducer lower shell 1b are both provided with through holes for the rotor shaft 2 to pass through; an end cover 1c is installed on the end surface of the reducer lower shell 1b away from the reducer upper shell 1a, one end of the rotor shaft 2 is abutted against the end cover 1c, and the other end extends out of the reducer upper shell 1a.
[0037] Preferably, the reducer structure further includes a rotor sleeve 4, which is sleeved on the portion of the rotor shaft 2 extending out of the reducer upper shell 1a and contacts the reducer upper shell 1a. Exemplarily, the end of the rotor sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the reducer upper shell 1a by screws, which is convenient for installation and disassembly.
[0038] Preferably, the reducer structure further includes a first oil seal retaining ring 5 and an oil seal bearing 6 arranged between the rotor sleeve 4 and the rotor shaft 2; the first oil seal retaining ring 5 and the oil seal bearing sleeve 6 are arranged at one end of the rotor shaft 2 extending out of the reducer upper shell 1a, and the end of the first oil seal retaining ring 5 facing the reducer upper shell 1a abuts against the oil seal bearing 6. The first oil seal retaining ring 5 and the oil seal bearing 6 seal the free end of the rotor sleeve 4 to prevent foreign matter from entering between the rotor sleeve 4 and the rotor shaft 2 and affecting the normal operation of the rotor shaft 2. The first oil seal retaining ring 5 is an elastic retaining ring, which uses elastic force to fix with the rotor shaft 2 and seal the gap between the rotor sleeve 4 and the rotor shaft 2. The inner wall of the rotor sleeve 4 is provided with a groove to limit the sliding of the oil seal bearing 6, and the outer peripheral surface of the oil seal bearing 6 is clamped in the groove.
[0039] More preferably, the reducer structure further includes a driving gear 7 ; the driving gear 7 is disposed between the reducer upper shell 1 a and the reducer lower shell 1 b , and the driving gear 7 is disposed perpendicular to the rotor shaft 2 .
[0040] More preferably, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the end surface of the driven gear plate 32 is provided with first teeth 321 along its circumference, and the end circumference of the driving gear 7 is provided with second teeth 71, and the first teeth 321 mesh with the second teeth 71. The driving gear 7 drives the driven gear plate 32 to rotate through the second teeth 71 and the meshing first teeth 321.
[0041] Preferably, the reducer structure also includes a first angular contact bearing 8 and a second angular contact bearing 9 which are sleeved on the rotor shaft 2; the first angular contact bearing 8 is arranged in the through hole of the reducer upper shell 1a, and the first angular contact bearing 8 respectively contacts the inner wall of the through hole and the rotor shaft 2; the second angular contact bearing 9 is arranged between the driven gear plate 32 and the reducer lower shell 1b, and its end face contacts the reducer lower shell 1b.
[0042] Preferably, the reducer structure further includes a ball bearing 10 sleeved on the rotor shaft 2, and the ball bearing 10 is arranged between the first angular contact bearing 8 and the driven gear plate 32; wherein, the rotor shaft 2 is also sleeved with a shoulder thickened retaining ring 11, and the shoulder thickened retaining ring 11 is arranged between the first angular contact bearing 8 and the ball bearing 10, and the two ends are respectively abutted against the first angular contact bearing and the ball bearing 10, so as to limit the first angular contact bearing 8 and the ball bearing 10, and prevent the first angular contact bearing 8 and the ball bearing 10 from moving on the rotor shaft 2. The ball bearing 10 is a deep groove ball bearing.
[0043] The reducer structure further includes a gear shaft oil seal 12 sleeved on the rotor shaft 2, and the gear shaft oil seal 12 is arranged in the through hole of the reducer lower shell 1b.
[0044] One end of the driving gear 7 is arranged in the reducer housing 1, and the other end extends out of the reducer housing 1. A bearing seat 13 is sleeved on the driving gear 7. The driving gear 7 rotates in the bearing seat 13. The bearing seat 13 is arranged on the part of the driving gear 7 extending out of the reducer housing 1 and is fixed to the outer surface of the reducer housing 1. The driving gear 7 is also sleeved with a third angular contact bearing 14. The third angular contact bearing 14 is arranged in the reducer housing 1, and its end face abuts against the end face of the bearing seat 13. The driving gear 7 is also sleeved with an outer bearing 15. The outer bearing 15 is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the driving gear 7 and the inner peripheral surface of the bearing seat 13 to seal the driving gear 7 and the bearing seat 13. The driving gear 7 is also sleeved with a gear oil seal 16 and a second oil seal retaining ring 17. The gear oil seal 16 is arranged between the outer bearing 15 and the second oil seal retaining ring 17, and the outer bearing 15, the gear oil seal 16 and the second oil seal retaining ring 17 are connected in sequence. The end of the driving gear 7 located at the reducer housing 1 is sleeved with a bearing seat bearing 18. The bottom of the reducer housing 1, that is, the outer side of one end of the reducer housing 1 away from the rotor shaft 2, is equipped with a reducer angle seat 19.
[0045] In the reducer structure provided in this embodiment, the driven gear plate 32 and the driving gear 7 are immersed in oil for lubrication in the reducer housing 1, and reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer surface of the gear shaft 31 to serve as a pump wheel to throw up the lubricating oil, splash lubrication on the bearings, and reduce the temperature of the gear oil in the reducer housing 1 at the same time.
[0046] The rotor shaft 2 is fixed to the reducer upper shell 1a through the rotor sleeve 4, and the circumferential screws of the rotor sleeve 4 bear the axial tension generated by the rotor shaft 2. The rotor shaft 2 has no direct matching relationship with the reducer housing 1. The assembly relationship of the gear pair in the reducer housing 1 is independent of the rotor system. The assembly tolerance of the rotor shaft 2 does not affect the gear tooth gap and the matching clearance between the gear shaft and the reducer housing; the driven gear plate can operate independently of the rotor shaft, and the driven gear plate only bears the radial force generated during gear transmission and the axial force of the gear itself, and the pulling force of the rotor shaft does not act on the driven gear plate; the rotor shaft has no direct matching with the reducer upper shell, so the adverse effects caused by assembly errors can be reduced; the gears and bearings in the reducer housing are oil-immersed and lubricated, and the gear shaft rib plate can throw up the lubricating oil to perform sword lubrication on the upper bearing, while reducing the oil temperature.
[0047] In addition, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", and "third" in this application are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
[0048] Of course, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the utility model, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the utility model and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical solution of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A reducer structure, characterized in that: The reducer structure comprises: a reducer housing, a rotor shaft and a driven gear member; the rotor shaft is passed through the reducer housing, and the driven gear member is arranged in the reducer housing; the driven gear member and the rotor shaft are splined, The reducer structure also includes a driving gear, which is sleeved with a bearing seat. The driving gear rotates in the bearing seat. The bearing seat is arranged at the portion of the driving gear extending out of the reducer housing and is fixed to the outer surface of the reducer housing. The end of the driving gear located in the reducer housing is sleeved with a bearing seat bearing, and the bearing seat bearing is installed on the reducer housing. The circumferential surface of the end of the driving gear is provided with second teeth, which are rotationally matched with the driven gear member, and the second teeth are located between the bearing seat bearing and the bearing seat.
2. The reducer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driven gear member comprises a gear shaft and a driven gear plate whose axes coincide with each other; The gear shaft is rigidly connected to the driven gear plate, the gear shaft is sleeved on the rotor shaft, and the spline is arranged on the contact surface between the gear shaft and the rotor shaft.
3. The reducer structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first spline is axially arranged on the inner circumference of the gear shaft, and a second spline is arranged on the outer circumference of the rotor shaft. The first spline is meshed and connected with the second spline.
4. The reducer structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reducer housing comprises a matched reducer upper shell and a reducer lower shell, and the reducer upper shell and the reducer lower shell are both provided with a through hole for the rotor shaft to pass through; An end cover is installed on the end surface of the reducer lower shell away from the reducer upper shell, one end of the rotor shaft abuts against the end cover, and the other end extends out of the reducer upper shell.
5. The reducer structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reducer structure also includes a rotor sleeve, which is sleeved on the portion of the rotor shaft extending out of the reducer upper shell and abuts against the reducer upper shell.
6. The reducer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reducer structure also includes a first oil seal retaining ring and an oil seal bearing arranged between the rotor shaft sleeve and the rotor shaft; the first oil seal retaining ring and the oil seal bearing are sleeved on one end of the rotor shaft extending out of the reducer upper shell, and the end of the first oil seal retaining ring facing the reducer upper shell is in contact with the oil seal bearing.
7. The reducer structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving gear is arranged between the reducer upper shell and the reducer lower shell, and the driving gear is arranged perpendicular to the rotor shaft.
8. The reducer structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end surface of the driven gear plate is provided with first teeth along its circumference, and the first teeth are meshed with the second teeth.
9. The reducer structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reducer structure also includes a first angular contact bearing and a second angular contact bearing sleeved on the rotor shaft; The first angular contact bearing is disposed in the through hole of the reducer upper shell, and the first angular contact bearing is in conflict with the inner wall of the through hole and the rotor shaft respectively; The second angular contact bearing is arranged between the driven gear plate and the reducer lower shell, and an end surface thereof abuts against the reducer lower shell.
10. The reducer structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The reducer structure further includes a ball bearing sleeved on the rotor shaft, wherein the ball bearing is arranged between the first angular contact bearing and the driven gear plate; The reducer structure also includes a gear shaft oil seal sleeved on the rotor shaft, and the gear shaft oil seal is arranged in the through hole of the reducer lower shell.