Novel sensor architecture for multiplexing two stochastic resonance modes

Abstract

The utility model relates to a novel sensor architecture for multiplexing two stochastic resonance modes. The novel sensor architecture comprises an operational amplification module, an active resonance circuit, an adjustable resistor and a passive resonance circuit, the active resonance circuit is connected with the operational amplification module, the passive resonance circuit is connected with the resistor, and the active resonance circuit and the passive resonance circuit are wirelessly coupled through mutual inductance; and the operational amplifier module is a negative impedance converter constructed by an operational amplifier. The framework is suitable for the fields of mechanical, optical and acoustic sensors and the like, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the sensor is enhanced by using noise in a noisy environment. The framework design structure is simple, the application field is wide, the number of needed instruments is small, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of sensor technology, and in particular to a novel sensor architecture that multiplexes two random resonance modes. Background Art

[0002] Sensors play an indispensable role in today's industrial society, covering a variety of application areas, from wearable health sensors used by the human body to environmental sensors and pressure sensors in the Internet of Things industry. In daily environments, the signal detection work of sensors is interfered by various types of noise. At present, there are two main solutions to reduce the impact of ubiquitous noise: the first is to suppress or eliminate noise as much as possible; the second is to use noise to enhance the system signal-to-noise ratio through the method of stochastic resonance. Stochastic resonance is a method that uses the system perception threshold to improve the system response. According to different threshold models, it can be divided into excitable stochastic resonance and bistable stochastic resonance. In recent years, stochastic resonance has received widespread attention as a method for nonlinear systems to enhance the ability to detect weak signals, but it has not yet been widely used in the field of sensors.

[0003] At present, there are quite a lot of papers and technical solutions for studying the impact of noise on sensor performance at home and abroad, but the technical means are mainly focused on suppressing or eliminating noise. The developed solutions can generally only meet certain specific situations and the system is complex; there are relatively few related studies on using noise to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of the system under stochastic resonance, and there are even fewer sensor architecture methods that reuse the two modes of excitable state and bistable stochastic resonance. At present, the main problems about sensor performance are as follows: 1) Sensors are affected by various noise sources in daily environments, including electromagnetic interference, mechanical vibration, and temperature fluctuations, which will interfere with the normal operation of sensors and affect their measurement accuracy; 2) Current research mainly focuses on some traditional noise suppression methods, such as spectral filtering, artifact removal, and active cancellation, which often increase costs and system complexity, and it is difficult to completely eliminate the impact of noise; 3) Sensors that only use one stochastic resonance mode are not applicable enough, and their performance is inconsistent in different sensing fields, that is, they can only work in specific scenarios and are more susceptible to noise. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a new sensor architecture that reuses two random resonance modes to address the above technical problems.

[0005] A novel sensor architecture with two multiplexed random resonance modes includes an operational amplifier module, an active resonance circuit, an adjustable resistor, and a passive resonance circuit.

[0006] The active resonant circuit is connected to the operational amplifier module, the passive resonant circuit is connected to the adjustable resistor, and the active resonant circuit and the passive resonant circuit are wirelessly coupled through mutual inductance.

[0007] The operational amplifier module is a negative impedance converter built with an operational amplifier.

[0008] In one embodiment, the passive resonant circuit is a parallel resonant circuit, including a variable capacitor and a first inductor; the variable capacitor, the first inductor and the adjustable resistor are connected in parallel.

[0009] In one embodiment, the active resonant circuit is a parallel resonant circuit, including a capacitor and a second inductor; the capacitor and the second inductor are connected in parallel, and one end of the capacitor is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier module.

[0010] In one embodiment, the operational amplifier module includes an operational amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor.

[0011] One end of the first resistor is grounded, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, one end of the second resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, one end of the third resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier.

[0012] In one embodiment, the novel sensor architecture further includes a photoresistor and a standard amplification circuit for measuring the photoresistor.

[0013] The photoresistor is connected in parallel with the passive resonant circuit.

[0014] The two input terminals of the standard amplifier circuit are connected to the two ends of the photoresistor.

[0015] In one embodiment, the standard amplifier circuit includes a first operational amplifier, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor;

[0016] One end of the fourth resistor is connected to the power supply, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, one end of the fifth resistor is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the reverse input terminal of the first operational amplifier, one end of the sixth resistor is connected to the reverse input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier.

[0017] One end of the photoresistor is connected to the ground end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the photoresistor is connected to the positive input end of the first operational amplifier, and the output end of the first operational amplifier is used to output a measurement signal of the photoresistor.

[0018] In one embodiment, the novel sensor architecture further includes a capacitive microphone and an inverting operational amplifier circuit.

[0019] The condenser microphone is connected in parallel with the passive resonant circuit.

[0020] The inverting operational amplifier circuit is connected to the capacitor microphone.

[0021] In one embodiment, the inverting operational amplifier circuit includes a second operational amplifier, a seventh resistor, and an eighth resistor.

[0022] One end of the seventh resistor is connected to the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to one end of the capacitive microphone to be measured.

[0023] One end of the eighth resistor is connected to the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the output end of the second operational amplifier, and the positive input end of the second operational amplifier is grounded; the output end of the second operational amplifier is used to output the measurement signal of the capacitor microphone.

[0024] In one of the embodiments, the mutual inductance between the active resonant circuit and the passive resonant circuit is adjustable.

[0025] The new sensor architecture reuses the above two random resonance modes, and the new sensor architecture includes: an operational amplifier module, an active resonant circuit, an adjustable resistor, and a passive resonant circuit; the active resonant circuit is connected to the operational amplifier module, the passive resonant circuit is connected to the resistor, and the active resonant circuit and the passive resonant circuit are wirelessly coupled through mutual inductance; the operational amplifier module is a negative impedance converter constructed with an operational amplifier. This architecture is suitable for the fields of mechanical, optical and acoustic sensors, and realizes the use of noise to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of sensors in noisy environments. This architecture has a simple design structure, a wide range of applications, requires fewer instruments, and has a low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A block diagram of a novel sensor architecture that reuses two stochastic resonance modes in one embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a novel sensor architecture that reuses two random resonance modes in another embodiment;

[0028] Figure 3 A standard amplifier circuit for measuring a photoresistor in another embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4Graphs of the present architecture in an optical sensing application scenario in another embodiment, wherein (a), (b), and (c) are graphs of the experimental settings of optical sensing and the perception threshold, respectively; (c) and (d) are changes in the output response and SNR of the optical sensing with input noise, respectively;

[0030] Figure 5 1 is a comparison between the present architecture and the standard architecture in optical sensing in another embodiment, wherein (a), (c), and (e) are curve diagrams of the present architecture in the optical sensor when the optical noise is 0.856 μW, 1.31 μW, and 1.818 μW, respectively, and (b), (d), and (f) are curve diagrams of the standard architecture in the optical sensor when the optical noise is 0.856 μW, 1.31 μW, and 1.818 μW, respectively;

[0031] Figure 6 Graphs of the present architecture in an acoustic sensing application scenario in another embodiment, wherein (a), (b), and (c) are graphs of the experimental settings of acoustic sensing and the perception threshold, respectively; (c) and (d) are graphs of the output response and SNR of acoustic sensing with input noise, respectively;

[0032] Figure 7 A circuit diagram for converting a sound signal into a capacitance change in another embodiment;

[0033] Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of an inverting operational amplifier in another embodiment;

[0034] Fig. 9 1 is a comparison between the present architecture and the standard architecture in acoustic sensing in another embodiment, wherein (a), (c), and (e) are curve diagrams of the present architecture in the acoustic sensor when the acoustic noise is 74 dB, 81 dB, and 89 dB, respectively, and (b), (d), and (f) are curve diagrams of the standard architecture in the acoustic sensor when the acoustic noise is 74 dB, 81 dB, and 89 dB, respectively;

[0035] Fig.10 The following is a graph of the architecture in another embodiment in a mechanical sensing application scenario, wherein (a) and (b) are graphs of the experimental settings and perception thresholds of mechanical sensing, respectively; and (c) and (d) are changes in the output response and SNR of mechanical sensing with input noise, respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0037] The novel sensor architecture design of two random resonance mode reuses proposed in this application is simple and has a wide range of applications. It is of great value to the design of sensors that utilize environmental noise, and enriches the physical world of random resonance applications. It can be applied to optical communications, auditory perception, and physiological monitoring in daily scenarios. At the same time, it can be expanded to the field of the Internet of Things to enhance the perception of other coherent signals, including industrial pressure sensors, temperature and humidity environmental monitoring sensors, etc., and the functionality can also be extended to the application of nanophotonic structures and electromagnetic metamaterials.

[0038] In one embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a new sensor architecture that reuses two random resonance modes is provided. The new sensor architecture includes: an operational amplifier module 10, an active resonant circuit 20, an adjustable resistor Rp, and a passive resonant circuit 30.

[0039] The active resonant circuit 20 is connected to the operational amplifier module 10, and the passive resonant circuit 30 is connected to the adjustable resistor Rp. The active resonant circuit 20 and the passive resonant circuit 30 are wirelessly coupled through mutual inductance. The mutual inductance between the active resonant circuit 20 and the passive resonant circuit 30 is adjustable.

[0040] The operational amplifier module 10 is a negative impedance converter constructed by an operational amplifier.

[0041] Specifically, a single sensor architecture is compatible with both excitable stochastic resonance and bistable stochastic resonance modes.

[0042] The active resonant circuit 20 is used to provide an excitation signal to the sensor system to stimulate the sensor to respond, and is combined with the operational amplifier module 10 to provide amplification and processing for the detection signal.

[0043] The passive resonant circuit 30 is used to receive the response signal in the sensor so that the response signal can be detected and processed in the sensor system, and is coupled with the active resonant circuit 20 through mutual inductance coupling.

[0044] The operational amplifier module 10 is a key part responsible for signal processing and amplification. It is used to receive the signal from the active resonant circuit 20 and amplify and process it for further signal processing or conversion.

[0045] The adjustable resistor Rp is used to adjust parameters in the sensor system, such as adjusting the coupling strength between the active resonant circuit 20 and the passive resonant circuit 30 , and can also be used to adjust the sensitivity and working range of the sensor.

[0046] The circuit model of this architecture is analyzed according to Kirchhoff's current law:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, L n Inductance, R n Represents resistance, V n represents the voltage in the resonator, I L，n = represents the current in the resonator (n=1, 2). Negative resistance -R'1 realizes negative impedance conversion by using an amplifier. Resonant frequency before the two resonators are coupled Due to the mutual inductance M between the two coupled inductors, the relationship between voltage and current is as follows:

[0049]

[0050] Combining equation (1) and equation (2) we get the equation:

[0051]

[0052] By adding noise into the system to achieve excitable stochastic resonance or bistable stochastic resonance, the system output response and signal-to-noise ratio can be enhanced, thereby improving the performance of the sensor. This is different from other noise reduction methods that do not explore the synergistic effect of noise and signal.

[0053] The working principle of the new sensor architecture with two stochastic resonance modes is as follows:

[0054] A novel sensor architecture with two stochastic resonance mode multiplexing includes an active resonator connected to an amplifier and a passive resonator connected to a resistor, which are connected via inductive coupling.

[0055] The passive resonator is connected in parallel with the sensor output excited by noise. The response of the sensor will cause the resonant frequency of the system to change, thus causing the nonlinear response of the system and generating stochastic resonance. By adjusting the parameters of the variable capacitor, variable resistor and mutual inductance in the system, the system can generate excitable stochastic resonance and bistable stochastic resonance respectively.

[0056] The way stochastic resonance uses noise is mainly to adjust the resonant frequency of the system through noise excitation. In the system, noise, as an interference signal, will cause a slight change in the resonant frequency of the system. Therefore, even if the input signal is very weak, as long as the resonant frequency of the system is close to the input signal frequency under the action of noise, when the system resonates, it can also produce a significant output response, thereby realizing that the sensor uses stochastic resonance to reduce the impact of noise and enhance the detection of weak signals.

[0057] Stochastic resonance in an excitable state refers to the appearance of a singular point in the dimension of the system's resonant frequency change after the system receives a sensor response. Before the singular point, the system's resonant frequency remains constant and is insensitive to the input signal. When approaching the singular point, a small disturbance will cause the system's phase to change suddenly, causing the system to produce an obvious response. This singular point can be regarded as a single threshold of the system. Only when the input exceeds the threshold will the system produce an output response, similar to the behavior in the excitatory neuron model.

[0058] Bistable stochastic resonance is manifested as the system's resonant frequency change showing a bistable state when the sensor response changes. In the bistable region, the system supports two resonant modes, but only one resonant mode is stable. The system will switch between the two modes, and the switching only occurs at the boundary of the bistable region. The hysteresis effect caused by this switching is manifested as a bistable perception threshold.

[0059] In the novel sensor architecture that reuses the above two random resonance modes, the novel sensor architecture includes: an operational amplifier module, an active resonant circuit, an adjustable resistor, and a passive resonant circuit; the active resonant circuit is connected to the operational amplifier module, the passive resonant circuit is connected to the resistor, and the active resonant circuit and the passive resonant circuit are wirelessly coupled through mutual inductance; the operational amplifier module is a negative impedance converter constructed with an operational amplifier. This architecture is suitable for fields such as mechanical, optical, and acoustic sensors, and realizes the use of noise to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of sensors in noisy environments. This architecture has a simple design structure, a wide range of applications, requires fewer instruments, and has a low cost.

[0060] In one embodiment, the passive resonant circuit 30 is a parallel resonant circuit, including a variable capacitor C2 and a first inductor L2; the variable capacitor C2, the first inductor L2 and the adjustable resistor Rp are connected in parallel.

[0061] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the active resonant circuit 20 is a parallel resonant circuit, including a capacitor C1 and a second inductor L1 ; the capacitor C1 and the second inductor L1 are connected in parallel, and one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier module 10 .

[0062] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the operational amplifier module includes an operational amplifier U1 , a first resistor R1 , a second resistor R2 , and a third resistor R3 .

[0063] One end of the first resistor R1 is grounded, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1, one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1.

[0064] In one embodiment, the novel sensor architecture further includes a photoresistor and a standard amplifier circuit for measuring the photoresistor; the photoresistor is connected in parallel with the passive resonant circuit; and two input terminals of the standard amplifier circuit are connected to two ends of the photoresistor.

[0065] In one embodiment, the standard amplifier circuit includes a first operational amplifier, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor. Subsequently, the first operational amplifier has the same model and performance parameters as the operational amplifier selected in the operational amplifier module 10. Preferably, the first operational amplifier and the operational amplifier selected in the operational amplifier module 10 are both ADA4817.

[0066] One end of the fourth resistor is connected to the power supply, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, one end of the fifth resistor is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the reverse input terminal of the first operational amplifier, one end of the sixth resistor is connected to the reverse input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier.

[0067] One end of the photoresistor is connected to the ground end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the photoresistor is connected to the positive input end of the first operational amplifier, and the output end of the first operational amplifier is used to output a measurement signal of the photoresistor.

[0068] Specifically, as shown in (a) of FIG. (4), a novel sensor architecture with two stochastic resonance mode multiplexing is applied to an optical sensor, as follows:

[0069] 1) Set up two LED lights controlled by a DC power supply; use a DC with a 0.2 Hz square wave signal and a noise signal superimposed to control the light intensity of the two LEDs; calibrate the signal analyzer and adjust it to the working frequency band.

[0070] 2) Use a digital photometer (IF PM, Industrial Fiber Optics) to measure the output light intensity of the two LEDs to determine their actual noise input level; use a photoresistor (NSL-6510 is selected as the preferred photoresistor) to convert the light intensity change into resistance change, and then connect the photoresistor in parallel to the passive resonant circuit to change the system resonant frequency.

[0071] 3) Use SMA probe to connect to signal analyzer (N9000B, Keysight) to measure the frequency change of the system and record the data; continuously monitor the time-varying resonant frequency of the system and obtain the power spectrum through fast Fourier transform processing, and then use the formula NSR = 10log 10 The signal-to-noise ratio is calculated by (S / N0), where S represents the power spectral density of the signal and N0 represents the noise.

[0072] 4) Import the data into the origin software and use the light intensity change R norm As the horizontal axis, the system response Δf (mhz) is used as the vertical axis to draw a curve, such as Figure 4 As shown in (b). Figure 4 The curve shown in (b) shows that the circuit has a single threshold R norm =1.0; take the standard deviation of input noise σ as the horizontal axis, and then draw a curve with the system response Δf (mhz) and signal-to-noise ratio SNR (dB) as the vertical axis, such as Figure 4 As shown in (c) and (d).

[0073] 5) Use another standard method to measure the data and draw a curve for comparison, see Figure 3 , build a standard amplification circuit for measuring photoresistors. This circuit does not use the stochastic resonance method and uses the same amplifier as the negative impedance converter to ensure that the noise introduced by the amplifier in the two methods is at the same level. A digital multimeter (34461A, Keysight) is connected to the terminal to measure the output voltage signal. The signal-to-noise ratio calculation and curve drawing methods are the same as above.

[0074] 6) Contrast Figure 4 Curves (c) and (d) show that when the system inputs optical noise with a standard deviation σ = 1.3 μW, the optical sensor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) reaches a maximum value of 20 dB; compared with the standard method, the signal-to-noise ratio of this application is improved by 3 dB under high ambient noise.

[0075] 7) If Figure 5The figure shows the comparison between the present architecture and the standard architecture in optical sensing, where (a), (c), and (e) are graphs of the present architecture in optical sensors when the optical noise is 0.856μW, 1.31μW, and 1.818μW, respectively, and (b), (d), and (f) are graphs of the standard architecture in optical sensors when the optical noise is 0.856μW, 1.31μW, and 1.818μW, respectively. As the optical noise increases from 0.856μW to 1.818μW, the noise helps the input signal overcome the single threshold, which is manifested as random spikes appearing on the graph. Although the time at which these spikes appear is random, they show statistical coherence with the input signal at the optimal noise level (1.818μW). In contrast, in the standard method, as the noise level increases, the output transitions from a square wave-like waveform to a gradually disordered waveform, and the coherence decreases.

[0076] In one embodiment, the novel sensor architecture further includes a capacitor microphone and an inverting operational amplifier circuit, wherein the capacitor microphone is connected in parallel with the passive resonant circuit, and the inverting operational amplifier circuit is connected with the capacitor microphone.

[0077] In one embodiment, the inverting operational amplifier circuit includes a second operational amplifier, a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor. The second operational amplifier has the same model and performance parameters as the operational amplifier selected in the operational amplifier module 10. Preferably, the second operational amplifier and the operational amplifier selected in the operational amplifier module 10 are both ADA4817.

[0078] One end of the seventh resistor is connected to the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to one end of the capacitive microphone to be measured.

[0079] One end of the eighth resistor is connected to the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the output end of the second operational amplifier, and the positive input end of the second operational amplifier is grounded; the output end of the second operational amplifier is used to output the measurement signal of the capacitor microphone.

[0080] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown in (a), a novel sensor architecture that reuses two stochastic resonance modes is applied to the acoustic sensor. The specific steps are as follows:

[0081] 1) Set up two speakers, one speaker plays a 200 Hz sound signal, and the other speaker plays Gaussian acoustic noise; calibrate the signal analyzer and adjust it to the working frequency band.

[0082] 2) Use a digital sound level meter (FLIR Extech) to measure the output sound signal and determine the actual sound intensity.

[0083] 3) If Figure 7As shown, a condenser microphone and a varactor diode are used to convert sound signals and noise into capacitance changes, and the capacitance changes are connected in parallel with a passive resonator.

[0084] 4) Use an oscilloscope (MDO3012, Tektronix) that can capture high-frequency sound to record the voltage signal and perform a fast Fourier transform to obtain the resonant frequency of the system; the signal-to-noise ratio calculation method is the same as that of the optical sensor.

[0085] 5) If Figure 6 As shown in (b), the data is imported into the origin software and the capacitance change C norm The curve is drawn with the system response Δf (MHz) as the horizontal axis. By observing the curve, it is found that the change of capacitance will cause the resonant frequency of the system to change, and finally a bistable threshold is shown in the curve; Figure 6 As shown in (c) and (d), the standard deviation σ of the input noise is used as the horizontal axis, and the system response Δf (MHz) and signal-to-noise ratio SNR (dB) are used as the vertical axis to draw the curves.

[0086] 6) Use another standard method to measure the data and draw a curve for comparison, such as Figure 8 As shown, it is realized by a commonly used inverting operational amplifier circuit of a commercial acoustic system. This circuit does not adopt the stochastic resonance method and uses the same amplifier as the negative impedance converter to ensure that the noise introduced by the amplifier is at the same level in the two methods. The same oscilloscope is used to measure the voltage signal. The signal-to-noise ratio calculation and curve drawing methods are the same as above.

[0087] 7) If Figure 6 As shown in (c) and (d), it is found from observing the curves that at a sound noise level of about 81dB, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) reaches a maximum value of 42dB, which is 7dB higher than the standard method. This improvement comes from the bistable mode switching of the noise. Although this switching occurs randomly, it shows statistical consistency with the input sound signal.

[0088] 8) If Fig. 9The figure shows the comparison between the present architecture and the standard architecture in acoustic sensing, where (a), (c), and (e) are graphs of the present architecture in acoustic sensors when the acoustic noise is 74dB, 81dB, and 89dB, respectively, and (b), (d), and (f) are graphs of the standard architecture in acoustic sensors when the acoustic noise is 74dB, 81dB, and 89dB, respectively. It is observed that under low noise (74dB), the SNR is high. As the noise increases, the system begins to jump between bistable modes, and the SNR decreases accordingly. At the optimal noise level (81dB), the resonant frequency jump becomes statistically synchronized with the input signal. When the noise is further increased (89dB), the output response flips too many times between bistable modes, causing it to be unable to be statistically synchronized with the input. In contrast, in the standard method, the output signal only presents a sine-like waveform under low acoustic noise, and under higher noise conditions, the SNR decreases monotonically.

[0089] In one of the embodiments, the mutual inductance between the active resonant circuit and the passive resonant circuit is adjustable.

[0090] In one embodiment, a novel sensor architecture with two random resonance modes is provided, the novel sensor architecture comprising: an operational amplifier module, a first active resonant circuit, a programmable resistor and a first passive resonator, the first active resonator is connected to the operational amplifier module, the passive resonator is connected to the programmable resistor, and the active resonator and the passive resonator are wirelessly coupled through mutual inductance. The operational amplifier module is a negative impedance converter constructed by an operational amplifier. The first active resonant circuit comprises a capacitor and a third inductor coil, the first active resonant circuit is a parallel resonant circuit, and the capacitor and the third inductor coil are connected in parallel; the first passive resonant circuit comprises: a programmable capacitor and a fourth inductor coil, the first passive resonant circuit is a parallel resonant circuit, and the programmable capacitor and the fourth inductor coil are connected in parallel.

[0091] Preferably, the programmable resistor is a digital resistor AD5254, and the programmable capacitor is a digital capacitor NCD2400M.

[0092] Use LabVIEW to control the values ​​of programmable resistors, programmable capacitors, active resonators, and mutual inductance between passive resonators.

[0093] like Fig.10 As shown in (a), the novel sensor architecture that reuses two stochastic resonance modes is applied to mechanical sensors. The specific steps are as follows:

[0094] 1) Build the experimental circuit system, fix the coil of the built-in active resonator on the motor, fix the position of the coil of the built-in passive resonator, and then calibrate the signal analyzer and adjust it to the working frequency band.

[0095] 2) A sine wave superimposed with Gaussian white noise is used as the input signal. According to the input signal, LABVIEW controls the DC motor to change the distance d between the two coils, thereby adjusting the coupling strength between the two resonators and ultimately changing the resonant frequency of the system.

[0096] 3) Use an SMA probe to connect a signal analyzer (N9000B, Keysight) to measure the system frequency change and record the data; the signal-to-noise ratio calculation method is the same as that of the optical sensor.

[0097] 4) If Fig.10 As shown in (a), the data is imported into the origin software, and a curve is drawn with the distance d between the two coils as the horizontal axis and Δf (MHz) as the vertical axis. From the curve, it can be seen that the circuit has a single threshold d = 13.74mm. When the distance d exceeds this threshold, the coupling strength is lower than the perception threshold and the system has no response; Fig.10 As shown in (c) and (d), the standard deviation σ of the input noise is used as the horizontal axis, and the system response Δf (MHz) and the signal-to-noise ratio SNR (dB) are used as the vertical axis to draw the curves.

[0098] 5) Use another standard method to measure data and draw curves for comparison. The standard architecture uses C1 with the same value as this architecture, and removes the negative impedance transformer. Use an SMA probe to connect a vector network analyzer (N9915A FieldFox, Keysight) to measure the response of L1. The signal-to-noise ratio calculation and curve drawing methods are the same as above.

[0099] 6) If Fig.10 As shown in (c), observing the curve, it is found that the amplitude of the sinusoidal signal is only 1mm, while there is a 2mm gap between the initial position of the system and the displacement threshold, but the system still responds. This is because the Gaussian white noise input to the system allows the system's response to be detected under conditions below the threshold.

[0100] 7) If Fig.10 As shown in (d), the comparison curves show that when Gaussian noise with a standard deviation of σ = 0.5 mm is input to the system, a sharp spectral peak appears in the random resonance system response, and its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is measured to be 18 dB; the SNR curve of the standard method decreases monotonically with the increase of the noise standard deviation; when Gaussian noise with a standard deviation of σ = 0.6 mm is added to the system input, the mechanical sensor benefits from the noise to the greatest extent, and its signal-to-noise ratio is improved by 9 dB compared with the standard method.

[0101] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0102] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A novel sensor architecture with two stochastic resonance modes reused, characterized in that: The novel sensor architecture includes: an operational amplifier module, an active resonant circuit, an adjustable resistor, and a passive resonant circuit; The active resonant circuit is connected to the operational amplifier module, the passive resonant circuit is connected to the adjustable resistor, and the active resonant circuit and the passive resonant circuit are wirelessly coupled via mutual inductance; The operational amplifier module is a negative impedance converter built with an operational amplifier.

2. The novel sensor architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive resonant circuit is a parallel resonant circuit, comprising a variable capacitor and a first inductor; the variable capacitor, the first inductor and the adjustable resistor are connected in parallel.

3. The novel sensor architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active resonant circuit is a parallel resonant circuit, comprising a capacitor and a second inductor; the capacitor and the second inductor are connected in parallel, and one end of the capacitor is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier module.

4. The novel sensor architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operational amplifier module includes an operational amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor; One end of the first resistor is grounded, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, one end of the second resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, one end of the third resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier.

5. The novel sensor architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The novel sensor architecture also includes a photoresistor and a standard amplification circuit for measuring the photoresistor; The photoresistor is connected in parallel with the passive resonant circuit; The two input terminals of the standard amplifier circuit are connected to the two terminals of the photoresistor.

6. The novel sensor architecture according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The standard amplifying circuit includes a first operational amplifier, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor; One end of the fourth resistor is connected to a power supply, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, one end of the fifth resistor is grounded, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier, one end of the sixth resistor is connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier; One end of the photoresistor is connected to the ground end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the photoresistor is connected to the positive input end of the first operational amplifier, and the output end of the first operational amplifier is used to output the measurement signal of the photoresistor.

7. The novel sensor architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The novel sensor architecture also includes a capacitive microphone and an inverting operational amplifier circuit; The capacitor microphone is connected in parallel with the passive resonant circuit; The inverting operational amplifier circuit is connected to the capacitor microphone.

8. The novel sensor architecture according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The inverting operational amplifier circuit includes a second operational amplifier, a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor; One end of the seventh resistor is connected to the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to one end of the capacitive microphone to be tested; One end of the eighth resistor is connected to the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the output end of the second operational amplifier, and the positive input end of the second operational amplifier is grounded; the output end of the second operational amplifier is used to output the measurement signal of the capacitor microphone.

9. The novel sensor architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The mutual inductance between the active resonant circuit and the passive resonant circuit is adjustable.

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