Multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic monitoring device for multi-dimensional surface deformation, which is suitable for acquiring multi-dimensional surface deformation data of dams, side slopes, railways, tunnels and the like. The device is mainly composed of a GNSS antenna and a prism which are installed on the same support, the GNSS antenna and the prism are coaxially arranged, a fixed target is further installed in the support, the GNSS antenna can obtain the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement of a measurement point, the prism is matched with a total station to conduct comparison and calibration on the horizontal displacement, and the measurement accuracy is improved. And meanwhile, the fixed target is matched with the visual measuring instrument to compare and calibrate the vertical displacement, so that the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement of the measuring point are synchronously measured and calibrated, and the measuring precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering safety monitoring, and specifically relates to a multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), also known as the Global Satellite Navigation System, is an air-based radio navigation and positioning system that can provide users with all-weather three-dimensional coordinates, speed and time information at any location on the Earth's surface or near-Earth space. Compared with traditional manual measurement, GNSS has advantages that manual measurement cannot match, such as easy operation, portable measurement equipment, all-weather operation, and no need for line of sight between measurement points. However, it also has the problems of relatively low measurement accuracy, poor reliability, and susceptibility to weather and environmental influences.

[0003] The total station is a high-precision measuring instrument that integrates distance measurement, angle measurement and data recording. When using the total station for measurement, the total station is set up at the measuring station and the prism is set up at the layout point, so that the position information of the layout point can be directly measured through the position information of the measuring station. The total station prism monitoring has high measurement accuracy and high reliability, but its measurement cycle is long and the cost is relatively high.

[0004] Since GNSS and total station have the above different advantages and disadvantages, the two can be combined, and the combination method is to install the GNSS and total station prism through the same bracket. The existing installation method can refer to the public patent CN210089706 U, in which the installation positions of the GNSS and total station prism are two positions, which leads to different starting positions of the two, resulting in the need to convert the reference values ​​when the two sets of measurement results are verified with each other, resulting in a complicated conversion process and inconvenient calculation. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device to overcome the above technical defects.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device, comprising:

[0007] Measuring pier base;

[0008] An observation pier, the bottom end of which is fixed to the measuring pier base;

[0009] The concentric axis is set just above the observation pier and the axial center lines of the two coincide with each other. A GNSS antenna is installed at the top of the concentric axis, and a prism suitable for receiving the optical signal transmitted by the total station is installed at the bottom of the concentric axis. The prism is fixed to the top of the observation pier through a forced centering chassis;

[0010] Fixed targets are installed on the pier of the observation pier to be identified by the visual measuring instrument.

[0011] The GNSS antenna is installed in the housing;

[0012] A GNSS receiver suitable for receiving and processing signals from the GNSS antenna is also installed in the cover.

[0013] The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device also includes:

[0014] The GNSS receiver is installed on the pier of the observation pier to receive and process the signals from the GNSS antenna.

[0015] The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device also includes a cage structure composed of multiple columns, and the concentric axis and the prism are placed in the cage structure;

[0016] The tops of all the columns are fixed to the GNSS antennas;

[0017] The bottoms of all columns are fixed to the top of the observation pier.

[0018] A lightning protection bracket is installed on the pier of the observation pier;

[0019] A lightning rod is installed in the lightning protection bracket;

[0020] The steel bars connected to the lightning rod are inserted into the ground.

[0021] The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device also includes a solar panel installed on the pier body of the observation pier to power the GNSS antenna and the GNSS receiver.

[0022] The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device provided by the utility model is suitable for obtaining multi-dimensional surface deformation data of dams, slopes, railways, tunnels, etc. The device is mainly composed of a GNSS antenna and a prism installed on the same bracket, wherein the GNSS antenna and the prism are coaxially arranged, and a fixed target is also installed in the bracket, the GNSS antenna can obtain the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the measuring point, and the prism can be used in conjunction with a total station to compare and calibrate the horizontal displacement, while the fixed target can be used in conjunction with a visual measuring instrument to compare and calibrate the vertical displacement, thereby realizing the synchronous measurement and calibration of the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the measuring point, and improving the measurement accuracy.

[0023] In order to make the above contents of the present invention more clearly understood, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top components of the observation pier.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 10. Measuring pier base;

[0028] 21. GNSS antenna; 22. GNSS receiver;

[0029] 30. Fixed target;

[0030] 41. Solar panels; 42. Columns; 43. Lightning rods;

[0031] 50. Observation pier;

[0032] 60. Forced chassis centering;

[0033] 70. Prism;

[0034] 80. Concentric axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is an explanation of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0036] It should be noted that, in the present utility model, the top, bottom, left and right in the figure are deemed to be the top, bottom, left and right of the multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device described in this specification.

[0037] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention are now introduced with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to disclose the present invention in detail and completely and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terms in the exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the same units / elements are marked with the same reference numerals.

[0038] Unless otherwise specified, the terms (including technical terms) used herein have the commonly understood meanings to those skilled in the art. In addition, it is understood that the terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have the same meanings as those in the context of the relevant fields, and should not be understood as idealized or overly formal meanings.

[0039] See also Figure 1 The present embodiment relates to a multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device, including a measuring pier base 10, an observation pier 50, a concentric shaft 80 and a fixed target 30.

[0040] The bottom end of the observation pier 50 is fixed to the measuring pier base 10. Specifically, the observation pier 50 is perpendicular to the measuring pier base 10. The measuring pier base 10 is cast by concrete. In some embodiments, the top surface of the foundation is raised by about 30 cm according to the ground elevation.

[0041] A concrete observation pier 50 is poured at the center of the measuring pier base 10. When the concrete is about to be poured to the top surface of the observation pier 50, a forced centering chassis 60 is buried, and then a prism 70 is installed. The prism 70 is suitable for receiving the optical signal transmitted by the total station.

[0042] The observation pier 50 adopts a reinforced concrete column structure, and the diameter of the observation pier and the forced centering chassis 60 are not much different.

[0043] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The concentric shaft 80 is arranged directly above the observation pier 50 and the axial center lines of the two coincide with each other. A GNSS antenna 21 is installed at the top of the concentric shaft 80, and a prism 70 suitable for receiving the optical signal transmitted by the total station is installed at the bottom of the concentric shaft 80. The prism 70 is fixed to the top of the observation pier 50 by a forced centering chassis 60.

[0044] The GNSS antenna 21 is used to monitor the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the measurement point.

[0045] The fixed target 30 is installed on the pier body of the observation pier 50 to be recognized by the visual measuring instrument, that is, the visual measuring instrument recognizes the fixed target 30 and simultaneously calculates the coordinates and vertical displacement of the measuring point where the fixed target 30 is located.

[0046] Since the GNSS antenna 21 and the prism 70 are coaxially arranged, the initial values ​​of the monitoring measurement points of the two are the same, which is specifically shown as follows:

[0047] When the GNSS antenna 21 monitors the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the measuring point, the prism 70 cooperates with the total station to obtain the horizontal displacement of the measuring point. At this time, the horizontal displacement obtained by the prism 70 is used to compare and calibrate the horizontal displacement monitored by the GNSS antenna 21, that is, the dual guarantee of automatic measurement and manual measurement is achieved for the measuring point, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy. Similarly, the fixed target 30 can be used with the visual measuring instrument to compare and calibrate the vertical displacement.

[0048] Therefore, the multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device realizes multi-dimensional horizontal displacement X, Y coordinate monitoring and vertical displacement Z coordinate monitoring, and the device can be used for surface displacement monitoring of dams, slopes, railways, and tunnel projects.

[0049] In some embodiments, the GNSS antenna 21 is installed in a cover, and a GNSS receiver 22 suitable for receiving and processing signals from the GNSS antenna 21 is also installed in the cover, and the top end of the concentric axis 80 is fixed in the cover where the GNSS antenna 21 is located.

[0050] In another embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device further includes a GNSS receiver 22 , which is installed on the pier body of the observation pier 50 to receive and process signals from the GNSS antenna 21 .

[0051] The GNSS antenna 21 and the GNSS receiver 22 are placed in a Figure 1 The different positions shown are based on the consideration that the GNSS antenna 21 is located at the top of the entire device. If the weight of the top is too heavy, it will affect the overall stability of the device and even affect the signal transmission of the GNSS antenna 21.

[0052] The GNSS receiver 22 may be installed in a protection box, and the protection box is fixed on the pier of the observation pier 50 .

[0053] The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device also includes a cage structure composed of multiple columns 42, such as Figure 2 As shown, the concentric shaft 80 and the prism 70 are placed in the cage structure, the tops of all the columns 42 are fixedly connected to the GNSS antenna 21 , and the bottoms of all the columns 42 are fixedly connected to the top of the observation pier 50 .

[0054] When installing the cover where the GNSS antenna 21 is located, the antenna cable should be passed through the PVC pipe, and then the GNSS antenna 21 should be fixed to the column 42, and then the antenna cable connector should be connected and tightened with the antenna connector, and the antenna protective cover should be put on.

[0055] Please continue reading Figure 1 A lightning protection bracket is installed on the pier body of the observation pier 50, and a lightning rod 43 is installed in the lightning protection bracket. The steel bar connected to the lightning rod 43 is passed into the ground.

[0056] In some embodiments, four steel bars with a diameter of 16 mm are inserted into the concrete foundation and firmly fixed to serve as grounding steel bars for the lightning rod.

[0057] The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device further includes a solar panel 41 installed on the pier body of the observation pier 50 to supply power to the GNSS antenna 21 and the GNSS receiver 22 .

[0058] The GNSS antenna 21 can realize the satellite positioning of the measuring point coordinates, the total station can realize the manual coordinate observation of the measuring point, and the visual measuring instrument can realize the vertical displacement monitoring of the measuring point. The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device realizes multi-dimensional horizontal displacement X, Y coordinate monitoring and vertical displacement Z coordinate monitoring, and can be used for surface displacement monitoring of dams, slopes, railways, and tunnel projects.

[0059] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present invention, and in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device, characterized in that: include: Measuring pier base (10); An observation pier (50), the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the observation pier base (10); A concentric shaft (80), the concentric shaft (80) being arranged directly above the observation pier (50) and the axial center lines of the two piers being coincident, a GNSS antenna (21) being mounted on the top end of the concentric shaft (80), and a prism (70) being mounted on the bottom end of the concentric shaft (80) for receiving optical signals transmitted by a total station, the prism (70) being fixed to the top of the observation pier (50) via a forced centering chassis (60); A fixed target (30) is installed on the pier body of the observation pier (50) so as to be recognized by a visual measuring instrument.

2. The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The GNSS antenna (21) is installed in the cover; A GNSS receiver (22) suitable for receiving and processing signals from the GNSS antenna (21) is also installed in the cover.

3. The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A GNSS receiver (22) is installed on the pier body of the observation pier (50) to receive and process signals from the GNSS antenna (21).

4. The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cage-type structure composed of a plurality of columns (42), wherein the concentric axis (80) and the prism (70) are placed in the cage-type structure; The tops of all the columns (42) are fixedly connected to the GNSS antenna (21); The bottoms of all the columns (42) are fixedly connected to the top of the observation pier (50).

5. The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A lightning protection bracket is installed on the pier body of the observation pier (50); A lightning rod (43) is installed in the lightning protection bracket; The steel bar connected to the lightning rod (43) is passed into the ground.

6. The multi-dimensional surface deformation automatic monitoring device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: It also includes a solar panel (41) installed on the pier body of the observation pier (50) to supply power to the GNSS antenna (21) and the GNSS receiver (22).

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