Anchor-shotcrete supporting structure for tunnel construction

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anchoring and shotcreting supporting structure for tunnel construction. The anchoring and shotcreting supporting structure comprises a plurality of reinforcing anchor rods and shotcreting concrete which is of an integrated structure and covers the top of a tunnel and the side wall of the tunnel. The head end of each reinforcing anchor rod penetrates into the rock mass, reinforcing plates are connected between the tail ends of the reinforcing anchor rods at the top of the tunnel and the tail ends of the reinforcing anchor rods at the lower end of the side wall of the tunnel, and reinforcing meshes are laid between the adjacent reinforcing plates. And the reinforcing plate and the tail end of the anchor rod are embedded in the sprayed concrete. The reinforced connecting structure is arranged between the anchor rods, so that the stability of an anchor rod jet supporting structure is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of building construction, and in particular relates to an anchor spraying supporting structure for tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] Shotcrete support is a special concrete support method. Its raw materials are the same as ordinary concrete, but the construction process is different.

[0003] In the prior art, the construction methods of shotcrete include dry shotcrete, wet shotcrete and cement-coated sand shotcrete. In the dry shotcrete method, sand, cement and accelerator are mixed, transported to the nozzle with compressed air, and then sprayed after adding water and mixing; in the wet shotcrete method, sand, cement and water are mixed, then transported to the nozzle with compressed air or pump through a feed pipe, and the accelerator is accelerated at the nozzle and compressed air is used to replenish energy before spraying.

[0004] Shotcrete support is widely used in mining shafts, tunnel engineering, hydropower station engineering and other fields. It can be combined with anchor support to replace the original stone masonry and concrete lining to achieve significant results. In tunnel construction, shotcrete is mainly used to reinforce and protect the inner wall of the tunnel to prevent safety accidents such as landslides and rockfalls. However, due to the complex underground environment, it is easy to encounter weak surrounding rock. The weak structure will cause the integrity of the rock mass to be destroyed and the anchor rods to be unevenly stressed, which will affect the stability of the support structure and cause safety risks in the later stage. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to solve the above problems in the prior art and proposes an anchor spraying support structure for tunnel construction, which improves the stability of the anchor spraying support structure by arranging a reinforcing connection structure between anchor rods.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is specifically as follows:

[0007] An anchor spraying support structure for tunnel construction comprises a plurality of reinforcing anchor rods and sprayed concrete covering the tunnel top and tunnel side walls in an integrated structure; the head end of each reinforcing anchor rod is respectively penetrated into the rock mass, and a reinforcing plate is connected between the tail end of the reinforcing anchor rod at the tunnel top and the lower end of the tunnel side wall, and a steel mesh is laid between adjacent reinforcing plates; the reinforcing plate and the tail end of the anchor rod are buried in the sprayed concrete.

[0008] Furthermore, the reinforcement anchor rods include mortar anchor rods and grouting anchor rods.

[0009] Furthermore, the mortar anchor rods are evenly distributed in the tunnel, and the grouting anchor rods are arranged at the top of the tunnel and the lower end of the tunnel side wall.

[0010] Furthermore, the grouting anchor rods are arranged at intervals between the mortar anchor rods.

[0011] Furthermore, the tail ends of the mortar anchor rods and grouting anchor rods at the top of the tunnel and the lower end of the tunnel side wall are connected to conical reinforcement pieces, and a connecting threaded through hole is arranged in the middle of the reinforcement piece.

[0012] Furthermore, the reinforcement plate includes a top arc plate and side plates, and a plurality of limiting holes adapted to the reinforcement member are respectively provided on the top arc plate and the side plates.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the utility model are: first, the utility model adopts the arrangement of mortar anchor rods and grouting anchor rods at intervals at locations where stress is easily concentrated, such as the top of the tunnel and the lower end of the side wall of the tunnel, and connects reinforcement pieces to the tail ends of the mortar anchor rods and grouting anchor rods at these locations, respectively, and the reinforcement pieces are pressed against the reinforcement plates to enhance the stabilization effect, disperse the stress to the tree root anchor rod, and avoid the problem of structural instability caused by stress concentration on a single anchor rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor spraying support structure for tunnel construction provided by the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 The utility model provides a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the reinforcement member of the anchor spraying support structure for tunnel construction.

[0017] Figure numerals: 1. tunnel; 2. mortar anchor; 3. grouting anchor; 4. reinforcement; 5. side plate; 6. sprayed concrete; 7. top curved plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0019] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0020] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model.

[0021] In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish between the descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", etc. do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, an anchor spraying support structure for tunnel construction includes a plurality of reinforcing anchor rods and sprayed concrete 6 covering the top and side walls of a tunnel 1 in an integrated structure; the head end of each of the reinforcing anchor rods penetrates into the rock mass, and a reinforcing plate is connected between the tail end of the reinforcing anchor rod at the top of the tunnel 1 and the lower end of the side wall of the tunnel 1, and a steel mesh is laid between adjacent reinforcing plates; the reinforcing plate and the tail end of the anchor rod are buried in the sprayed concrete 6.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, in the prior art, the anchor spraying support structure is a support form composed of anchor rods and sprayed concrete 6 panels. Its main function is to limit the free development of surrounding rock deformation, adjust the stress distribution of surrounding rock, and prevent the rock mass from loosening and falling. This support structure can be used as a temporary support during the construction process, and can also be used as a permanent support or lining in some cases. By drilling holes in the surrounding rock, inserting anchor rods, injecting anchoring agents and other steps, the anchor rods are fixed in the surrounding rock to form an anchoring system. The anchoring force generated by the anchor rods in the surrounding rock can effectively improve the stability and deformation resistance of the surrounding rock. Sprayed concrete 6 is used to reinforce the surrounding rock to prevent rock blocks from lifting, peeling or falling. It has good adhesion, can bear the load together with the rock layer, cement loose rock blocks, fill cracks and penetrate deep into the interior, reduce the stress concentration of the rock, and thus reduce the displacement or fall of the rock blocks. However, stress concentration is likely to occur at the top of tunnel 1 and the strength of tunnel 1. Especially when encountering weak surrounding rock, a single anchor rod may be subjected to excessive force, resulting in uneven force on the anchor rod, thereby affecting the overall support effect. The utility model adopts multiple reinforced anchor rods to pass through the rock layer, and sets reinforcement plates at the top of tunnel 1 and the lower end of the side wall of tunnel 1 where stress is likely to concentrate, so as to distribute the stress through the reinforcement plates. In addition, by laying or hanging steel mesh between adjacent reinforcement plates, the steel mesh is hung in conjunction with sprayed concrete, and its tensile and shear resistance is strong, and it has the flexibility of the grid, which mainly plays a role in surface force, reduces the phenomenon of falling off and flaking of the surrounding rock of tunnel 1 during the support process, and ensures the safety of personnel during the construction period.

[0027] In the present invention, the reinforcement anchor rods are respectively arranged as mortar anchor rods 2 and grouting anchor rods 3. The mortar anchor rods 2 are evenly arranged in the tunnel 1, and the grouting anchor rods 3 are arranged at the top of the tunnel 1 and the lower end of the side wall of the tunnel 1. The grouting anchor rods 3 are arranged at intervals between the mortar anchor rods 2. By strengthening the support at the top position of the tunnel 1 and the side wall position of the tunnel 1 where stress is concentrated, the overall stability is improved.

[0028] Specifically, the mortar anchor rods 2 and grouting anchor rods 3 at the top of the tunnel 1 and the lower end of the side wall of the tunnel 1 are connected to conical reinforcement members 4 at their tail ends, and a connecting threaded through hole is provided in the middle of the reinforcement member 4. The reinforcement plate includes a top arc plate 7 and a side plate 5, and a plurality of limiting holes adapted to the reinforcement member 4 are provided on the top arc plate 7 and the side plate 5, respectively. The stress is distributed by connecting the reinforcement plate between the multiple anchor rods to avoid excessive concentration of stress on one of the anchor rods.

[0029] In actual use, the mortar anchor rod 2 is Φ28mm, 6m long, and 1.5m apart, while the grouting anchor rod 3 set at the arch and corners is Φ32mm, 9m long, and is spaced apart from the mortar anchor rod 2. A reinforcement plate is connected between the tail ends of the grouting anchor rod 3 and the mortar anchor rod 2. The reinforcement plate is made of solid metal plate and has a conical hole adapted to the reinforcement member 4. A steel mesh is hung between the reinforcement plates. The steel mesh is made of Φ6.5mm or Φ8mm steel bars. C25 concrete is sprayed for 15cm to form sprayed concrete 6.

[0030] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An anchor spraying support structure for tunnel construction, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of reinforcing anchor rods and a shotcrete (6) which is integrally covered on the top of a tunnel (1) and the side wall of the tunnel (1); the head end of each reinforcing anchor rod is respectively penetrated into the rock mass, and a reinforcing plate is connected between the tail end of the reinforcing anchor rod at the top of the tunnel (1) and the lower end of the side wall of the tunnel (1), and a steel mesh is laid between adjacent reinforcing plates; the reinforcing plate and the tail end of the anchor rod are buried in the shotcrete (6); The reinforcement anchor rod comprises a mortar anchor rod (2) and a grouting anchor rod (3); The mortar anchor rods (2) and grouting anchor rods (3) at the top of the tunnel (1) and the lower end of the side wall of the tunnel (1) are connected to conical reinforcement members (4) at their tail ends, and a connecting threaded through hole is provided in the middle of the reinforcement member (4); The reinforcing plate comprises a top arc-shaped plate (7) and a side plate (5), and a plurality of limiting holes adapted to the reinforcing member (4) are respectively provided on the top arc-shaped plate (7) and the side plate (5).

2. The anchor spraying support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mortar anchor rods (2) are evenly distributed in the tunnel (1), and the grouting anchor rods (3) are arranged at the top of the tunnel (1) and at the lower end of the side wall of the tunnel (1).

3. The anchor spraying support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The grouting anchor rods (3) are arranged at intervals between the mortar anchor rods (2).

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