Sound insulation adhesive film, sound insulation glass and photovoltaic module
By adopting a sound insulation film with a multi-layer composite structure and using a multi-layer composite structure of the POE layer and the EVA layer, the problem of excessive plasticizer content of existing sound insulation PVB films is solved, and the sound insulation performance and weather resistance are improved, while simplifying the process and improving the reliability of the product.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323360325.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-12-05
AI Technical Summary
The high content of existing sound insulation PVB film plasticizer leads to excessive fluidity, resulting in uneven thickness, uneven optical and complex process, high water absorption, poor weather resistance, and easy to produce defects such as bubbles.
The sound insulation film with a multi-layer composite structure, including POE layer and EVA layer, improves sound insulation performance and weather resistance by adjusting the number of layers and layer thickness, reduces dependence on plasticizers, and simplifies the process.
It realizes good sound insulation effect, weather resistance and light transmittance of the sound insulation film, reduces process complexity and production costs, and improves product reliability and yield.
Smart Images
Figure CN222590925U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of membrane materials, and in particular relates to a sound insulation film, sound insulation glass and a photovoltaic module. Background Art
[0002] Sound insulation films are widely used in fields such as automobiles and construction because they can isolate external noise and create a quieter internal environment.
[0003] At present, the sound insulation film usually adopts sound insulation PVB film (polyvinyl butyral film). By adjusting the ratio of hydroxyl, acetal and acetyl in PVB resin, the compatibility of plasticizer and PVB resin is increased. By increasing the ratio of plasticizer in PVB film, the sound insulation performance of PVB film is improved.
[0004] However, in the process of implementing the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application, the applicant found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems:
[0005] Too high a plasticizer content will cause excessive fluidity of the PVB resin, making the PVB film uneven in thickness, causing local optical unevenness, and thus leading to obvious optical distortion of the laminated glass. The PVB film needs to be processed by an autoclave, which has high requirements for equipment, complex processes, and low production efficiency. The PVB film also has defects such as high water absorption, poor weather resistance, and easy appearance of bubbles. Utility Model Content
[0006] The present application provides a sound insulation film, which solves the problems of complex process and high plasticizer content of the sound insulation film in the prior art, and improves the weather resistance of the sound insulation film.
[0007] An embodiment of the present application provides a sound insulation film, which includes n POE layers and m EVA layers, and the VA content of the EVA layer is greater than or equal to 20%; n≥1, m>1, m+n≥5; the sound insulation film also meets the following requirements, a double glass laminate is laminated in sequence according to glass, sound insulation film and glass, the thickness of the glass is 2mm, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 200Hz is greater than or equal to 20%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 400Hz is greater than or equal to 25%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 800Hz is greater than or equal to 33%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 1000Hz is greater than or equal to 33%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 2000Hz is greater than or equal to 37%, and the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 4000Hz is greater than or equal to 40%.
[0008] Furthermore, the thickness of the sound insulation film is greater than or equal to 0.36 mm.
[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the sound insulation film is 0.38-1.0 mm.
[0010] Furthermore, the ratio of the total thickness of the POE layer to the total thickness of the sound insulation film is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.5.
[0011] Furthermore, the difference in VA content between adjacent EVA layers is greater than or equal to 2%.
[0012] Furthermore, in the sound insulation film, at least one EVA layer or at least one POE layer has an absorption rate of greater than or equal to 80% for ultraviolet rays with a wavelength below 365 nm.
[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of a single EVA layer is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the thickness of a single POE layer is 0.05-0.2 mm.
[0014] Furthermore, the light transmittance of the sound insulation film is greater than or equal to 88%, and the haze of the sound insulation film is less than or equal to 2.0%.
[0015] The embodiment of the present application also provides a soundproof glass, which includes a front layer of glass, a soundproof layer and a rear layer of glass stacked in sequence; the soundproof layer is selected from any of the above-mentioned soundproof adhesive films.
[0016] An embodiment of the present application also provides a photovoltaic module, which includes a front substrate, a front packaging film, a battery string, a rear packaging film and a rear substrate stacked in sequence; at least one of the front packaging film or the rear packaging film is selected from any of the above-mentioned sound insulation films.
[0017] The present application makes a sound insulation film by compounding EVA layer and POE layer, so that the sound insulation film has a good sound insulation effect. The sound insulation film in the present application does not need to use a large amount of plasticizer, has a simple process, good weather resistance and high reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a sound insulation film in one embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a sound insulation film in another embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sound insulation film in the third embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sound insulation film in the fourth embodiment of the present application;
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the soundproof glass in one embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module in one embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a sound insulation film in another embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a sound insulation film in another embodiment of the present application;
[0026] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sound insulation film in Comparative Example 1;
[0027] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sound insulation film in Comparative Example 2;
[0028] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sound insulation film in Comparative Example 3.
[0029] In the figure: sound insulation film 100, POE layer 11, EVA layer 12; sound insulation glass 200, front layer of glass 21, sound insulation layer 22, back layer of glass 23; photovoltaic module 300, front layer substrate 31, front layer packaging film 32, battery string 33, back layer packaging film 34, back layer substrate 35. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] In order to make the technical scheme of the specific implementation mode of the present application better understood by the persons skilled in the art, the following will be combined with the drawings in the implementation mode of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical scheme in the specific implementation mode of the present application. Figure 1The sound insulation film 100 shown includes n POE layers 11 and m EVA layers 12. Where n≥1, m>1, m+n≥5. POE is an ethylene-butene or ethylene-octene copolymer, and the POE layer 11 has good water resistance and weather resistance, has a certain sound insulation effect, and can also improve the weather resistance and aging resistance of the sound insulation film 100. Providing at least one POE layer can improve the weather resistance and reliability of the sound insulation film. EVA is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and the EVA layer 12 has a good sound insulation effect, and also has high transparency, excellent UV aging resistance and excellent wet and heat aging resistance. Providing more than one EVA layer can make the sound insulation film 100 have better sound insulation performance. By compounding m EVA layers 12 and n POE layers 11, so that m+n≥5, the sound insulation effect and weather resistance of the sound insulation film 100 are improved. The sound insulation film also meets the following requirements: a double glass laminate is obtained by stacking and laminating glass, the thickness of the glass being 2 mm, in the order of glass, sound insulation film and glass. The sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 200 Hz is greater than or equal to 20%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 400 Hz is greater than or equal to 25%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 800 Hz is greater than or equal to 33%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 1000 Hz is greater than or equal to 33%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 2000 Hz is greater than or equal to 37%, and the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 4000 Hz is greater than or equal to 40%. It should be noted here that the above-mentioned setting of the double glass laminate is only used to indicate the sound insulation performance of the sound insulation film, and should not be understood as a limitation on the sound insulation film and its application. The sound insulation film in the present application can have a good barrier effect on sound waves of different frequencies, and the multi-layer composite packaging process is simple and efficient, and is not prone to defects such as bubbles, and has high reliability. In the sound insulation film 100, the POE layer 11 may be one layer (eg Figure 2 As shown), it can also be multi-layer (as Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 ). Increasing the number of POE layers 11 can improve the weather resistance and aging resistance of the sound insulation film 100, but increasing the number of POE layers 11 will also increase the overall thickness of the packaging film. When in use, the number of layers can be adjusted according to actual needs.
[0031] As an optional embodiment, the POE layer 11 can be located in the middle of the sound insulation film 100 (eg Figure 3 As shown) can also be located on the surface of the sound insulation film 100 (as shown Figure 4 As shown), the position of the POE layer 11 is not limited, and the POE layer 11 located at any position can make the sound insulation film 100 have better sound insulation effect and weather resistance.
[0032] As an optional embodiment, the VA content of the EVA layer 12 is greater than or equal to 20%. The VA content of the EVA layer 12 is greater than or equal to 20%, which can make the EVA layer 12 have better transparency, lower haze and better flexibility, improve the light transmission effect of the sound insulation film 100 and make the thickness distribution uniform.
[0033] As an optional embodiment, the thickness of the sound insulation film 100 is greater than or equal to 0.36 mm. As the number of layers of the sound insulation film 100 increases, the thickness of the sound insulation film 100 increases, and the sound insulation effect, weather resistance and water barrier properties of the sound insulation film 100 become better and better. Preferably, the thickness of the sound insulation film 100 is 0.38-1.0 mm. At this thickness, the sound insulation film 100 has better sound insulation effect, weather resistance and water barrier properties, and meets the requirements of lightness, thinness and low cost.
[0034] As an optional embodiment, the ratio of the total thickness of the POE layer 11 to the total thickness of the sound insulation film 100 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.5. The POE layer 11 plays an auxiliary role in sound insulation and can improve the water resistance and weather resistance of the sound insulation film 100. The specific gravity of POE should not be too large. Although the POE layer 11 can play a certain role in sound insulation, its haze is greater than that of EVA. Too high a specific gravity of POE will make the haze of the sound insulation film higher.
[0035] As an optional embodiment, the difference in VA content between adjacent EVA layers 12 is greater than or equal to 2%. The large difference between adjacent EVA layers can enable the interface of adjacent EVA layers 12 to better block sound propagation, increase sound loss during propagation, and improve the sound insulation effect of the sound insulation film 100.
[0036] As an optional embodiment, in the sound insulation film, at least one EVA layer 12 or at least one POE layer 11 has an absorption rate of 80% or more for ultraviolet rays with a wavelength below 365 nm, so that the sound insulation film 100 has a high ultraviolet absorption rate and improves the aging resistance of the sound insulation film 100. The sound insulation film 100 has a high ultraviolet absorption rate and can reduce the impact of ultraviolet rays on the internal environment of the building or photovoltaic cells when used in fields such as sound insulation glass or photovoltaic building integration.
[0037] As an optional embodiment, the thickness of the single-layer EVA layer 12 is 0.05mm-0.5mm, and the thickness of the single-layer POE layer 11 is 0.5mm-0.2mm. The thickness of the single-layer EVA layer 12 is greater than 0.05mm, which can make the EVA layer 12 have better sound insulation performance and weather resistance. The thickness of the single-layer POE layer 11 is greater than 0.05mm, which can further improve the water resistance and weather resistance of the sound insulation film 100. The single-layer EVA layer 12 and the single-layer POE layer 11 should not be too thick, so as to ensure that the sound insulation film 100 is relatively light and thin, with higher light transmittance and lower haze.
[0038] As an optional implementation, the light transmittance of the sound insulation film 100 is greater than or equal to 88%, and the haze of the sound insulation film 100 is less than or equal to 1.5%. The sound insulation film 100 has a high light transmittance and a low haze, so that the sound insulation film 100 has a good light transmission effect, and the sound insulation film 100 can be applied to fields with light transmittance requirements such as glass and construction.
[0039] The present application also provides a Figure 5 The soundproof glass 200 shown in the figure comprises: a front layer of glass 21, a soundproof layer 22 and a rear layer of glass 23 which are stacked in sequence. The soundproof layer 22 is selected from any one of the above-mentioned soundproof films 100. The soundproof film 100 in the present application has a simple structure, good weather resistance, is not prone to defects such as bubbles, and can improve the yield rate of the soundproof glass 200.
[0040] This application also provides a Figure 6 The photovoltaic module 300 shown includes a front substrate 31, a front packaging film 32, a battery string 33, a rear packaging film 34 and a rear substrate 35 stacked in sequence. At least one of the front packaging film 32 or the rear packaging film 34 is selected from any one of the above-mentioned sound insulation films 100. The sound insulation film 100 in the present application has a simple packaging process and high reliability. It is applied to the photovoltaic module 300 to improve the sound insulation effect of the photovoltaic module 300. In the field of photovoltaic building integration, the photovoltaic module 300 encapsulated with the sound insulation film 100 can provide a better internal environment for the building.
[0041] The present application is further described below in conjunction with embodiments, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the embodiments.
[0042] Example 1
[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a sound insulation film 100, the structure of each layer of the sound insulation film 100 is shown in Table 1 below.
[0044] Table 1: Structure of the sound insulation film 100 in Example 1.
[0045] Material Thickness / mm UV absorber First floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.10 none Second floor EVA layer (VA content is 29%) 0.18 none Third floor POE layer 0.24 none Fourth floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.18 have Fifth floor EVA layer (VA content is 29%) 0.10 none
[0046] Example 2
[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, a sound insulation film 100, the structure of each layer of the sound insulation film 100 is shown in Table 2 below.
[0048] Table 2: Structure of the sound insulation film in Example 2.
[0049] Material Thickness / mm UV absorber First floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.10 none Second floor POE layer 0.24 none Third floor EVA layer (VA content is 29%) 0.18 none Fourth floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.18 have Fifth floor EVA layer (VA content is 29%) 0.10 none
[0050] Example 3
[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, a sound insulation film 100, the structure of each layer of the sound insulation film 100 is shown in Table 3 below.
[0052] Table 3: Structure of the sound insulation film in Example 3.
[0053] Material Thickness / mm UV absorber First floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.20 none Second floor POE layer 0.15 have Third floor EVA layer (VA content is 29%) 0.1 none Fourth floor POE layer 0.15 none Fifth floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.2 none
[0054] Example 4
[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, a sound insulation film 100, the structure of each layer of the sound insulation film 100 is shown in Table 4 below.
[0056] Table 4: Structure of the sound insulation film in Example 4.
[0057] Material Thickness / mm UV absorber First floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.15 none Second floor POE layer 0.2 have Third floor EVA layer (VA content is 29%) 0.1 none Fourth floor POE layer 0.2 none Fifth floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.15 none
[0058] Example 5
[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, a sound insulation film 100, the structure of each layer of the sound insulation film 100 is shown in Table 5 below.
[0060] Table 5: Structure of the sound insulation film in Example 5.
[0061] Material Thickness / mm UV absorber First floor EVA layer (VA content is 20%) 0.20 none Second floor POE layer 0.15 have Third floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.1 none Fourth floor POE layer 0.15 none Fifth floor EVA layer (VA content is 20%) 0.2 none
[0062] Example 6
[0063] like Figure 7 As shown, a sound insulation film 100, the structure of each layer of the sound insulation film 100 is shown in Table 6 below.
[0064] Table 6: Structure of the sound insulation film in Example 6.
[0065]
[0066]
[0067] Example 7
[0068] like Figure 8 As shown, a sound insulation film 100, the structure of each layer of the sound insulation film 100 is shown in Table 7 below.
[0069] Table 7: Structure of the sound insulation film in Example 7.
[0070] Material Thickness / mm UV absorber First floor EVA layer (VA content 24%) 0.1 none Second floor POE layer 0.05 have Third floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.1 none Fourth floor POE layer 0.05 none Fifth floor EVA layer (VA content 24%) 0.1 have Sixth floor POE layer 0.05 none Seventh floor EVA layer (VA content is 20%) 0.1 none Eighth Floor EVA layer (VA content 24%) 0.1 none Ninth Floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.1 none Tenth floor EVA layer (VA content is 29%) 0.1 none
[0071] Example 8
[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, a sound insulation film 100, the structure of each layer of the sound insulation film 100 is shown in Table 8 below.
[0073] Table 8: Structure of the sound insulation film in Example 8.
[0074] Material Thickness / mm UV absorber First floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.10 none Second floor POE layer 0.48 none Third floor EVA layer (VA content is 29%) 0.05 none Fourth floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.05 have Fifth floor EVA layer (VA content is 29%) 0.12 none
[0075] Comparative Example 1
[0076] like Fig. 9 As shown, a sound insulation film 100, the structure of each layer of the sound insulation film 100 is shown in Table 9 below.
[0077] Table 9: Structure of the sound insulation film in Comparative Example 1.
[0078]
[0079]
[0080] Comparative Example 2
[0081] like Fig.10 As shown, a sound insulation film 100, the structure of each layer of the sound insulation film 100 is shown in Table 10 below.
[0082] Table 10: Structure of the sound insulation film in Comparative Example 2.
[0083] Material Thickness / mm UV absorber First floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.10 none Second floor POE layer 0.48 none Third floor EVA layer (VA content 26%) 0.05 have Fourth floor EVA layer (VA content is 29%) 0.12 none
[0084] Comparative Example 3
[0085] like Fig.11 As shown, a sound insulation film 100 is made of a single-layer modified PVB resin, and the thickness of the sound insulation film 100 is 0.8 mm.
[0086] 1. Performance test:
[0087] The performance of the sound insulation film 100 in the above-mentioned embodiment and comparative example was tested.
[0088] 1. Sound insulation performance:
[0089] The glass / sound insulation film / glass were stacked and laminated in the order of glass / sound insulation film / glass. The thickness of the glass was 2mm. The sound transmission loss rate of the double glass laminate was tested.
[0090] 2. Transmittance and haze:
[0091] The standard refers to the determination of light transmittance and haze of transparent plastics GB / T 2410-2008, and the test range is 400-1100nm.
[0092] 3. Weather resistance:
[0093] Laminate according to the combination of glass / soundproof film / glass, the size of glass and film is 30cm*30cm. Put the combined piece into high temperature and high humidity (85℃, 85RH%) aging box for 2000h, then take it out, count the number of bubbles and delamination and evaluate the grade, Grade A: the number of defects is less than or equal to 3, Grade B: the number of defects is greater than 3 and less than or equal to 10, Grade C: the number of defects is greater than 10.
[0094] 2. Performance test results:
[0095] The performance test results of the sound insulation film 100 in the above-mentioned embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 11.
[0096] Table 11: Test results
[0097]
[0098]
[0099] By comparing Comparative Example 1 with Examples 1-8, it can be seen that the POE layer can improve the sound insulation effect of the sound insulation film and greatly improve the weather resistance of the sound insulation film. As can be seen from Example 8, if the thickness of the POE layer is too high, the fog of the sound insulation film will increase and the light transmission effect will deteriorate. As can be seen from Examples 5 and 6, when the thickness and the thickness ratio of the POE layer do not change, the more layers, the better the sound insulation effect. Examples 1-8 all have good sound insulation and optical effects, and the sound insulation film has good weather resistance and high reliability. As can be seen from Comparative Example 2 compared with Example 8, the sound insulation effect is improved after the number of layers increases. As can be seen from Comparative Example 3 compared with Examples 1 and 2, compared with the existing single-layer PVB structure of the sound insulation film, the multi-layer POE and EVA composite structure of the sound insulation film in this application can better take into account the light transmittance, weather resistance and sound insulation performance.
[0100] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to this application.
Claims
1. A sound insulation film, characterized in that: include: n POE layers; m EVA layers, wherein the VA content of the EVA layers is greater than or equal to 20%; n≥1, m>1, m+n≥5; The sound insulation film also meets the following requirements: a double glass laminate is laminated in the order of glass, the sound insulation film and glass, and the thickness of the glass is 2 mm; the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 200 Hz is greater than or equal to 20%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 400 Hz is greater than or equal to 25%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 800 Hz is greater than or equal to 33%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 1000 Hz is greater than or equal to 33%, the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 2000 Hz is greater than or equal to 37%, and the sound wave loss rate of the double glass laminate at 4000 Hz is greater than or equal to 40%.
2. The sound insulation film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the sound insulation film is greater than or equal to 0.36 mm.
3. The sound insulation film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the sound insulation film is 0.38-1.0 mm.
4. The sound insulation film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the total thickness of the POE layer to the total thickness of the sound insulation film is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.
5.
5. The sound insulation film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The difference in VA content between adjacent EVA layers is greater than or equal to 2%.
6. The sound insulation film according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the sound insulation film, at least one of the EVA layers or at least one of the POE layers has an absorption rate of greater than or equal to 80% for ultraviolet rays with a wavelength below 365 nm.
7. The sound insulation film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the single-layer EVA layer is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the single-layer POE layer is 0.05-0.2 mm.
8. The sound insulation film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light transmittance of the sound insulation film is greater than or equal to 88%, and the haze of the sound insulation film is less than or equal to 2.0%.
9. A soundproof glass, characterized in that: include: The front glass, the sound insulation layer and the rear glass are stacked in sequence; The sound insulation layer is selected from the sound insulation film according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A front substrate, a front packaging film, a battery string, a rear packaging film and a rear substrate are sequentially stacked; At least one of the front layer packaging film or the back layer packaging film is selected from the sound insulation film according to any one of claims 1-8.