Brake and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of brake devices, and provides a brake and a vehicle, the vehicle comprises the brake, and the brake comprises a mounting bottom plate, a brake pad, an armature, an electromagnet, a guide column and an elastic piece; the mounting bottom plate, the brake pad, the armature and the electromagnet are sequentially arranged along the axis, the electromagnet comprises a brake disc and a coil assembly, the brake disc is connected with the mounting bottom plate, an annular groove is formed in the brake disc, and the width of the annular groove along the axis is gradually reduced from the edge of the brake disc to the center of the brake disc; the coil assembly is arranged in the annular groove, the guide column is movably matched with the brake disc and used for abutting against the armature, and the elastic piece abuts against the guide column, so that the guide column has the trend of pushing the armature to move towards the brake pad. According to the brake, the overall size and weight of the brake can be reduced under the condition that the electromagnetic attraction force of the electromagnet is not affected, so that the space needed for installing the brake can be reduced, and the brake is convenient to install and carry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of brake devices, and more specifically, to a brake and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Brakes, also known as brakes, are devices that have the function of slowing down, stopping or keeping running vehicles and other means of transportation or machinery.

[0003] The brake disc of a traditional brake is relatively large, so the mounting base plate becomes larger accordingly, which makes the brake device larger and heavier. This means that when the brake is installed on a product that requires braking, an equally large mounting area is required for assembly, which makes the product that requires braking larger and heavier. Especially when used in the field of electric vehicles, there are strict requirements on the weight and volume of the drive and braking systems. Because the power source is provided by the battery, the larger the volume, the more limited the function will be. If it is not placed, it will become something to carry. The heavier the weight, the more power it consumes, affecting the driving time and shortening the cruising range. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a brake and a vehicle to solve the technical problems of large brake volume and heavy weight in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present application is: to provide a brake, including: a mounting base plate, a brake pad, an armature, an electromagnet, a guide column and an elastic member; the mounting base plate, the brake pad, the armature and the electromagnet are arranged in sequence along the axis, the electromagnet includes a brake disc and a coil assembly, the brake disc is connected to the mounting base plate, an annular groove is provided on the brake disc, the width of the annular groove along the axis gradually decreases from the edge of the brake disc to the center of the brake disc; the coil assembly is arranged in the annular groove, the guide column is movably matched with the brake disc and is used to abut the armature, the elastic member abuts the guide column, so that the guide column has a tendency to push the armature to move toward the direction of the brake pad.

[0006] Optionally, a mounting hole is provided on an edge of the mounting base plate, and a position avoidance hole is provided on an edge of the brake disc, and the position avoidance hole is correspondingly connected to the mounting hole.

[0007] Optionally, the number of the mounting holes is two to four, and the number of the avoidance holes is equal to the number of the mounting holes.

[0008] Optionally, the annular groove passes through a side of the brake disc facing the armature, and a distance between a side wall surface of the annular groove facing the armature and the armature gradually decreases from an edge of the brake disc to a center of the brake disc.

[0009] Optionally, the coil assembly includes a bobbin and a coil, the bobbin is matched and arranged in the annular groove, and the coil is wound on the bobbin.

[0010] Optionally, the brake disc is provided with an axial hole and a receiving hole, the guide column comprises a column body movably passed through the axial hole and a cap body connected to one end of the column body close to the armature, the elastic member is received in the receiving hole and abuts against the cap body.

[0011] Optionally, the brake also includes a handle and a ball. The handle is arranged on the side of the brake disc away from the armature and is rotatably connected to the guide column. The handle is provided with a deep hole and a shallow hole. The ball is arranged between the brake disc and the handle, and the ball cooperates with the deep hole or the shallow hole.

[0012] Optionally, a limit pin is provided on the side of the brake disc facing the handle, and the handle is provided with a limit groove for movably inserting the limit pin, and the limit groove is arranged in an arc shape along the rotation direction of the handle.

[0013] Optionally, the brake further includes a micro switch, which is disposed on the side of the brake disc facing the handle and corresponding to the handle. When the handle is in a state where the ball and the shallow socket are in cooperation, the handle triggers the micro switch.

[0014] The present application also provides a vehicle, comprising any of the brakes described above.

[0015] The brake and vehicle provided by the present application have the following beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the brake of the present application enables the brake to enter a brake release state or a brake state according to the power-on and power-off conditions by means of the cooperation between the mounting base plate, the brake pad, the armature, the electromagnet, the guide column and the elastic member; by gradually reducing the width of the annular groove along the axis from the edge of the brake disc to the center of the brake disc to reduce the space of the annular groove, the volume of the solid part of the brake disc is indirectly increased, and the volume of the solid part of the brake disc reduced due to the reduction in size of the brake disc can be compensated, so that the magnetic flux of the electromagnet will not be reduced due to the reduction in its own size, and the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnet will not be reduced due to the reduction in the brake disc, thereby achieving the reduction in the volume of the brake disc without affecting the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnet; when the size of the brake disc is reduced, the size of the mounting base plate can also be reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the overall volume and weight of the brake, thereby reducing the space required for the installation of the brake, and is easy to install and carry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a vertical cross-sectional structure of a brake provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the brake provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brake provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brake provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 5 A partial structural schematic diagram of a brake provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the handle provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Description of main reference numerals:

[0024] 10. Mounting base plate; 11. First connecting hole; 12. Through hole; 13. Mounting hole; 20. Brake pad; 21. Fixing hole; 30. Armature; 31. Avoidance hole; 40. Brake disc; 41. Annular groove; 42. Second connecting hole; 43. Avoidance hole; 44. Axis hole; 45. Receiving hole; 46. Wire hole; 47. Limit pin; 48. Concave hole; 50. Coil assembly; 51. Wire rack; 52. Coil; 53. First lead wire; 60. Coupling; 70. Guide column; 71. Column; 72. Cap body; 80 , elastic member; 90, first screw; 100, guide sleeve; 110, first elastic gasket; 120, second screw; 130, sealing ring; 140, handle; 141, deep socket hole; 142, shallow socket hole; 143, through hole; 144, limiting groove; 145, contact and pressure part; 146, air avoidance part; 150, ball bearing; 160, flange; 170, second elastic gasket; 180, micro switch; 181, heat shrink tube; 182, trigger part; 190, third screw; 200, second lead wire; a, axis line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0027] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0028] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0029] Please also read Figures 1 to 6 , the brake provided in the embodiment of the present application is now described. The brake is mainly used for vehicle braking, for example, for auxiliary braking of the drive motor of an electric vehicle, so that the motor can be locked from rotating to stationary without power output. The brake provided in the embodiment of the present application is a static electromagnetic brake.

[0030] See also Figure 1 The brake comprises a mounting base plate 10, a brake pad 20, an armature 30, an electromagnet, a guide column 70 and an elastic member 80; the mounting base plate 10, the brake pad 20, the armature 30 and the electromagnet are arranged in sequence along the axis a, the electromagnet comprises a brake disc 40 and a coil assembly 50, the brake disc 40 is connected to the mounting base plate 10, an annular groove 41 is provided on the brake disc 40, and the width of the annular groove 41 along the axis a gradually decreases from the edge of the brake disc 40 to the center of the brake disc 40; the coil assembly 50 is arranged in the annular groove 41, the guide column 70 is movably matched with the brake disc 40, and is used to abut the armature 30, the elastic member 80 abuts the guide column 70, so that the guide column 70 has a tendency to push the armature 30 to move toward the brake pad 20.

[0031] The mounting base plate 10 is used to connect with the connecting plate of the vehicle so as to install the entire brake on the vehicle. The brake pad 20 is used to connect with the power shaft of the vehicle drive system. In some embodiments, the brake pad 20 is connected to the power shaft of the vehicle drive system through the coupling 60. Specifically, a through hole 12 is provided at the center of the mounting base plate 10, and a portion of the brake pad 20 extends into the through hole 12. A fixing hole 21 is provided at the center of the brake pad 20, and the coupling 60 is fixed in the fixing hole 21. Optionally, the fixing hole 21 is a square hole, and the outer shape of the coupling 60 is square. For example, the fixing hole 21 is a hexagonal hole, and the outer shape of the coupling 60 is a hexagon. When the coupling 60 is arranged in the fixing hole 21, the outer shape of the coupling 60 matches the fixing hole 21, and a soft interference fit is adopted between the two. It should be noted that the coupling 60 can be of various types, and different types and different inner hole sizes can be selected according to needs. In addition, the coupling 60 is equipped with a shock-absorbing component, which can adapt to a variety of different power shafts, making the adaptability of the brake stronger.

[0032] The working principle of the brake is as follows:

[0033] When the coil assembly 50 is energized, the electromagnetic attraction generated by the electromagnet causes the armature 30 to move toward the electromagnet and pushes the guide column 70 to move away from the brake pad 20. The guide column 70 compresses the elastic member 80, causing the elastic member 80 to accumulate elastic potential energy. At the same time, the armature 30 no longer presses the brake pad 20, so that the brake pad 20 clamped between the mounting base plate 10 and the armature 30 is no longer subjected to the clamping force, and the spacing between the brake pad 20 and the mounting base plate 10 is greater than the thickness of the brake pad 20 between the mounting base plate 10 and the electromagnet, that is, there is a preset active gap between the brake pad 20 and the mounting base plate 10, so that the brake pad 20 can rotate automatically, so that the vehicle drive system can drive the power shaft and the brake pad 20 to rotate, the brake enters the brake release state, and the vehicle can run.

[0034] When the coil assembly 50 is powered off, the electromagnet no longer generates electromagnetic attraction. At this time, the elastic member 80 releases elastic potential energy and pushes the guide post 70 to move in the direction of the brake pad 20, and then the guide post 70 pushes the armature 30 to move in the direction of the brake pad 20, so that the armature 30 and the mounting base plate 10 cooperate to clamp the brake pad 20, that is, there is no longer a preset active gap between the brake pad 20 and the mounting base plate 10, so that the brake pad 20 cannot rotate due to the clamping force, and then the power shaft cannot rotate either, and the brake enters the braking state, stopping the vehicle. It can be understood that the clamping force on the brake pad 20 in this state is the torque of the brake. Optionally, the minimum torque of the brake in the embodiment of the present application is 3N.m.

[0035] The width of the annular groove 41 along the axis a gradually decreases from the edge of the brake disc 40 to the center of the brake disc 40, so that the cross-section of the annular groove 41 is roughly a conical surface. It can be understood that the width h2 of the annular groove 41 close to the center of the brake disc 40 is smaller than the width h1 of the annular groove 41 close to the edge of the brake disc 40.

[0036] Since the brake disc 40 itself is also a magnetic conductor, the width of the annular groove 41 of the traditional brake disc 40 along the axis a remains consistent from the center of the brake disc 40 to the edge of the brake disc 40, that is, the width h1 of the annular groove 41 of the traditional brake disc 40 close to the edge of the brake disc 40 is equal to the width h2 of the annular groove 41 close to the center of the brake disc 40. Therefore, when the size of the brake disc 40 is reduced, the magnetic flux of the brake disc 40 will also decrease, thereby reducing the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnet, resulting in insufficient electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnet and failure to attract the armature 30, which in turn causes the brake to be unable to release the braking state. In the embodiment of the present application, when reducing the size of the brake disc 40, the width of the annular groove 41 along the axis a is gradually reduced from the edge of the brake disc 40 to the center of the brake disc 40, so as to reduce the space of the annular groove 41, and indirectly increase the volume of the solid part of the brake disc 40, so as to compensate for the reduction in the volume of the solid part of the brake disc 40 caused by the reduction in the size of the brake disc 40, and then compensate for the loss of the magnetic flux of the brake disc 40 caused by the reduction in the size of the brake disc 40, so that the magnetic flux of the electromagnet will not be reduced due to the reduction in its own size, so that the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnet remains unchanged or increases. It can be understood that by gradually reducing the width of the annular groove 41 along the axis a from the center of the brake disc 40 to the edge of the brake disc 40, the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnet will not be reduced due to the reduction in the size of the brake disc 40. When the size of the brake disc 40 can be reduced, the size of the mounting base plate 10 can also be reduced, which is conducive to reducing the overall volume and weight of the brake.

[0037] It should be noted that the width h1 of the annular groove 41 near the edge of the brake disc 40 is equal to the width of the annular groove 41 of the traditional brake disc 40, and the size of the annular groove 41 and the width h2 of the annular groove 41 near the center of the brake disc 40 are set according to the electromagnetic attraction required by the electromagnet.

[0038] Optionally, the brake disc 40 and the mounting base plate 10 are both circular, the size of the brake disc 40 refers to the diameter of the brake disc 40, the size of the mounting base plate 10 refers to the diameter of the mounting base plate 10, and the diameter of the mounting base plate 10 is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the brake disc 40. Specifically in this embodiment, the diameter of the brake disc 40 is 57 mm, and the diameter of the mounting base plate 10 is 60 mm.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the brake provided by the present application is capable of entering a brake release state or a brake state according to the power-on and power-off conditions by means of the cooperation among the mounting base plate 10, the brake pad 20, the armature 30, the electromagnet, the guide column 70 and the elastic member 80. The width of the annular groove 41 along the axis a is gradually reduced from the edge of the brake disc 40 to the center of the brake disc 40 to reduce the space of the annular groove 41 and indirectly increase the volume of the solid part of the brake disc 40. This can compensate for the reduction in volume of the solid part of the brake disc 40 caused by the reduction in size of the brake disc 40, so that the magnetic flux of the electromagnet will not be reduced due to the reduction in its own size, and the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnet will not be reduced due to the reduction in the brake disc 40, thereby achieving the reduction in the volume of the brake disc 40 without affecting the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnet. When the size of the brake disc 40 is reduced, the size of the mounting base plate 10 can also be reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the overall volume and weight of the brake, thereby reducing the space required for the installation of the brake, and making it easy to install and carry.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present application, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 A first connecting hole 11 is provided at the edge of the mounting base plate 10, and a second connecting hole 42 is provided at the edge of the brake disc 40. The second connecting hole 42 is correspondingly connected to the first connecting hole 11, and the second connecting hole 42 is a threaded hole. The brake also includes a first screw 90. The first screw 90 is inserted into the first connecting hole 11 and the second connecting hole 42, and is threadedly connected with the second connecting hole 42 to fix the mounting base plate 10 and the brake disc 40.

[0041] Optionally, there are multiple first connection holes 11, and the multiple first connection holes 11 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the mounting base plate 10, the number of the second connection holes 42 is equal to the number of the first connection holes 11, and the multiple second connection holes 42 are connected to the multiple first connection holes 11 in a one-to-one correspondence. Specifically in this embodiment, the number of the first connection holes 11 and the number of the second connection holes 42 are both three.

[0042] The brake also includes a guide sleeve 100 and a first elastic washer 110. The guide sleeve 100 is sleeved on the first screw 90 and is located between the mounting base plate 10 and the brake disc 40. The first elastic washer 110 is sleeved on the first screw 90 and is located between the mounting base plate 10 and the guide sleeve 100. The length of the guide sleeve 100 and the first elastic washer 110 along the axis a is equal to the sum of the thickness of the brake pad 20 between the mounting base plate 10 and the brake disc 40, the thickness of the armature 30 and the preset gap, and the brake suction gap is the distance range of the armature 30 along the axis a. It can be understood that by providing the guide sleeve 100 and the first elastic washer 110 to fill the gap between the mounting base plate 10 and the brake disc 40, the first screw 90 connecting the mounting base plate 10 and the brake disc 40 is more fixed. In addition, the brake engagement gap of the brake can be adjusted during the assembly process by the press-fit elastic deformation of the first elastic washer 110, so that the circumferential direction of the brake engagement gap is relatively stable. It can be understood that the tightness of the first elastic washer 110 can be adjusted by the first screw 90 to keep the distance h3 between the mounting base 10 and the brake disc 40 within a fixed tolerance value range.

[0043] When assembling the mounting base plate 10, the brake pad 20, the armature 30 and the brake disc 40, the armature 30 is first placed on the brake disc 40 along the axis a, and then the guide sleeve 100, the first elastic washer 110, the brake pad 20 and the mounting base plate 10 are placed in sequence, and finally fixed with the first screw 90.

[0044] An avoidance hole 31 is provided at the edge of the armature 30 . The avoidance hole 31 is arranged corresponding to the first connecting hole 11 and the second connecting hole 42 . The avoidance hole 31 provides avoidance for the first screw 90 to pass through.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present application, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 A mounting hole 13 is provided at the edge of the mounting base plate 10 , and a position avoidance hole 43 is provided at the edge of the brake disc 40 , and the position avoidance hole 43 is correspondingly communicated with the mounting hole 13 .

[0046] Specifically, the brake also includes a second screw 120, which is inserted into the mounting hole 13 and connected to the connecting plate of the vehicle, thereby connecting the mounting base plate 10 to the connecting plate of the vehicle. The avoidance hole 43 provides an avoidance space for the second screw 120 to be inserted into the mounting hole 13, so that when the diameter of the mounting base plate 10 is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the brake disc 40, the second screw 120 can be smoothly inserted into the mounting hole 13 from the brake disc 40 toward one side of the mounting base plate 10, thereby reducing the diameter of the mounting base plate 10.

[0047] Optionally, during assembly, the circumferential edge of the second screw 120 is not larger than the circumferential edge of the mounting base plate 10, that is, the second screw 120 does not protrude from the circumferential edge of the mounting base plate 10, thereby reducing the overall volume and space occupied by the brake.

[0048] Since the width of the annular groove 41 along the axis a gradually decreases from the edge of the brake disc 40 to the center of the brake disc 40, the space of the annular groove 41 is reduced, which indirectly increases the volume of the solid part of the brake disc 40, and can make up for the reduction of the solid part of the brake disc 40 due to the reduction of the size of the brake disc 40 and the opening of the avoidance hole 43, so that the magnetic flux of the brake disc 40 remains unchanged or increases, and then the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnet remains unchanged or increases.

[0049] Optionally, the number of the mounting holes 13 is multiple, for example, two to four, and the specific number is selected according to actual needs, and the number of the avoidance holes 43 and the number of the second screws 120 are equal to the number of the mounting holes 13. Specifically in this embodiment, the number of the mounting holes 13 is two, and the two mounting holes 13 are relatively spaced and symmetrically arranged about the axis a, and the number of the avoidance holes 43 and the number of the second screws 120 are also two, and the two avoidance holes 43 are respectively connected to the two mounting holes 13 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the two second screws 120 are respectively inserted into the two mounting holes 13 one by one.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present application, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The annular groove 41 passes through the side of the brake disc 40 facing the armature 30 , and the distance between the side wall of the annular groove 41 facing the armature 30 and the armature 30 gradually decreases from the edge of the brake disc 40 to the center of the brake disc 40 .

[0051] During assembly, the coil assembly 50 is installed into the annular groove 41 from the side of the brake disc 40 toward the armature 30. By gradually reducing the distance between the side wall surface of the annular groove 41 facing the armature 30 and the armature 30 from the edge of the brake disc 40 to the center of the brake disc 40, that is, the side wall surface of the annular groove 41 facing the armature 30 is an inclined surface, thereby realizing that the width of the annular groove 41 along the axis a gradually decreases from the edge of the brake disc 40 to the center of the brake disc 40, so that the cross section of the annular groove 41 is an inclined conical surface.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The coil assembly 50 includes a bobbin 51 and a coil 52 . The bobbin 51 is matched and arranged in the annular groove 41 , and the coil 52 is wound on the bobbin 51 .

[0053] Optionally, the side wall surface of the annular groove 41 facing the armature 30 is an inclined surface, and the side wall surface of the wire frame 51 that fits the side wall surface of the annular groove 41 is also an inclined surface, so that the side wall surface of the wire frame 51 matches and fits the side wall surface of the annular groove 41. It can be understood that the shape of the wire frame 51 is designed according to the shape of the annular groove 41.

[0054] It should be noted that, by gradually reducing the width of the annular groove 41 along the axial line a from the edge of the brake disc 40 to the center of the brake disc 40, the space of the annular groove 41 is reduced, that is, the volume of the annular groove 41 used to accommodate the coil assembly 50 is also reduced, so it is necessary to reduce the volume of the coil assembly 50 by reducing the number of turns of the coil 52. In this way, the current passing through the coil 52 will also become smaller, resulting in a decrease in the electromagnetic attraction generated by the electromagnet. However, since the space of the annular groove 41 is reduced, the volume of the physical part of the brake disc 40 is indirectly increased, and the magnetic flux passing through the brake disc 40 is increased, which can compensate for the reduction in the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnet caused by reducing the number of turns of the coil 52.

[0055] Optionally, the resistance of the coil 52 is 50 ohms to 60 ohms. For example, the resistance of the coil 52 is 50 ohms, 55 ohms or 60 ohms.

[0056] Optionally, a wire hole 46 is provided on the peripheral side wall of the brake disc 40, and the wire hole 46 is connected to the annular groove 41. The coil assembly 50 also includes two first lead wires 53, and it is particularly noted that the first lead wire 53 has two lead wires, one end of the first lead wire 53 passes through the wire hole 46 and is respectively connected to the wire head and wire tail of the coil 52.

[0057] The other end of one lead of the first lead 53 is connected to the vehicle power supply, and the other lead of the first lead 53 is connected to a terminal block of the micro switch 180, and another terminal block on the micro switch 180 is connected to the lead wire 200. It can be understood that the vehicle power supply supplies power to the coil 52 through the first lead 53 and the lead wire 200 on the micro switch 180.

[0058] Optionally, the brake also includes a sealing ring 130, which is disposed in the wire hole 46 and is sleeved on the first lead 53. The sealing ring 130 is used to seal the gap between the first lead 53 and the wire hole 46 to prevent external dust or liquid from entering the annular groove 41 through the gap between the first lead 53 and the wire hole 46 and damaging the coil 52.

[0059] Specifically, the coil 52 is an enameled wire. When assembling the coil assembly 50, the coil 52 is wound on the wire frame 51 according to a preset number of turns. After winding, the two ends of the coil 52 are respectively connected to the two leads of the first lead 53 to form the coil assembly 50. Then, the coil assembly 50 is pressed into the annular groove 41 of the brake disc 40. One end of the two leads of the first lead 53 passes through the sealing ring 130 assembled in the wire hole 46 and extends to the outside of the brake disc 40. It should be noted that the number of turns of the coil 52 is determined by the input current and torque.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present application, the brake disc 40 is provided with an axial hole 44 and a receiving hole 45. The axial hole 44 is provided at the center of the brake disc 40 and is coaxially arranged with the axis a. The axial hole 44 passes through the brake disc 40. The receiving hole 45 is arranged offset from the axis a. The receiving hole 45 is preset with a certain hole depth on the brake disc 40. The guide post 70 includes a column 71 and a cap 72. The cap 72 is connected to one end of the column 71 close to the armature 30 and is used to abut against the armature 30. The elastic member 80 is accommodated in the receiving hole 45. One end of the elastic member 80 abuts against the cap 72, and the other end of the elastic member 80 abuts against the brake disc 40. The elastic member 80 abuts against the cap 72 to provide the guide post 70 with a movement tendency toward the armature 30.

[0061] By movably inserting the column 71 into the shaft hole 44, the column 71 can reciprocate along the axis a. When the power is off, the cap body 72 drives the guide column 70 to move toward the armature 30 under the action of the elastic member 80, and pushes the armature 30 away from the brake disc 40. The guide column 70 cooperates with the mounting base plate 10 to press the brake pad 20, so that the brake pad 20 cannot rotate. By accommodating the elastic member 80 in the accommodating hole 45, the elastic member 80 is limited to prevent the elastic member 80 from generating lateral elastic deformation.

[0062] Optionally, the column 71 and the cap body 72 are integrally formed, the process is simple, and the structural strength of the guide column 70 is good. Optionally, the number of elastic members 80 is multiple, and the multiple elastic members 80 are arranged at intervals around the axis a. The multiple elastic members 80 abut the cap body 72 at the same time, which is conducive to strengthening the elastic force on the guide column 70, so that in the case of power failure, the guide column 70 is effectively ejected by the cooperation of the multiple elastic members 80 to move the armature 30 away from the brake disc 40 and make the armature 30 press the brake pad 20. The number of receiving holes 45 is equal to the number of elastic members 80, and the multiple elastic members 80 are respectively received in the multiple receiving holes 45 one by one, so as to limit each elastic member 80. Specifically in this embodiment, the number of elastic members 80 is three, and the three elastic members 80 are equidistantly distributed around the axis a. The number of receiving holes 45 is also three, and the three elastic members 80 are respectively received in the three receiving holes 45 one by one.

[0063] Optionally, the elastic member 80 is a spring, a spring sheet or other elastic components.

[0064] In one embodiment of the present application, the brake disc 40 is provided with a receiving groove, and when the brake is in a brake release state, the cap body 72 is received in the receiving groove.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present application, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 The brake also includes a handle 140 and a ball 150. The handle 140 is arranged on the side of the brake disc 40 away from the armature 30 and is rotatably connected to the guide column 70. The handle 140 is provided with a deep socket 141 and a shallow socket 142. The ball 150 is arranged between the brake disc 40 and the handle 140, and the ball 150 cooperates with the deep socket 141 or the shallow socket 142.

[0066] Optionally, see Figure 1 and Figure 5 A recessed hole 48 is provided on the brake disc 40, and the recessed hole 48 passes through the side of the brake disc 40 facing the handle 140. The ball 150 is rollingly arranged in the recessed hole 48, and a part of the ball 150 protrudes from the hole surface of the brake disc 40 facing the handle 140, so as to be inserted into the deep socket 141 or the shallow socket 142.

[0067] One end of the handle 140 extends out of the peripheral edge of the brake disc 40 in a direction perpendicular to the axis a.

[0068] Optionally, one end of the column 71 away from the cap body 72 extends out of the end face of the brake disc 40 toward the handle 140, the handle 140 is provided with a through hole 143, and the brake also includes a flange 160, the flange 160 is movably inserted into the through hole 143 and fixedly mounted on the column 71, so that the flange 160 and the column 71 are fixedly connected, and the handle 140 can rotate around the axis a relative to the flange 160.

[0069] In some embodiments, when assembling the guide column 70 and the flange 160, after the column 71 is passed through the axial hole 44 of the brake disc 40, the end of the column 71 away from the cap body 72 is threadedly connected to the flange 160 to achieve positioning of the guide column 70 and the flange 160, and then a riveting process is adopted to rivet the column 71 and the flange 160, so that the guide column 70 and the flange 160 are not easy to loosen, effectively ensuring that the brake clutch clearance will not change, so as to provide a stable braking torque, so that the brake has good braking performance and a long service life.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present application, see Figure 1 and Figure 2The brake also includes a second elastic washer 170, which is disposed between the handle 140 and the flange 160. The second elastic washer 170 is used to fill the movable gap between the handle 140 and the flange 160 so that the handle 140 does not shake when the electromagnet is working normally. In addition, when the handle 140 is pulled, the second elastic washer 170 is elastically deformed to reserve a sufficient movable gap for the handle 140, thereby reducing the force acting on the handle 140 and making it easier for the user to pull the handle 140.

[0071] The deep socket hole 141 and the shallow socket hole 142 are both sunken in the end surface of the handle 140 facing the brake disc 40, and the deep socket hole 141 and the shallow socket hole 142 are arranged at intervals around the axis a, and the deep socket hole 141 and the shallow socket hole 142 are close to each other, and the depth of the deep socket hole 141 is greater than the depth of the shallow socket hole 142. It can be understood that the depth of the ball 150 inserted into the deep socket hole 141 is greater than the depth of the ball 150 inserted into the shallow socket hole 142.

[0072] If the brake state needs to be released when the brake cannot be powered, the handle 140 is pulled to rotate the handle 140 around the axis a, so that the deep socket hole 141 of the handle 140 is misaligned with the ball 150, and then the shallow socket hole 142 is matched with the ball 150, and the ball 150 is inserted into the shallow socket hole 142. Since the handle 140 is rotatably connected to the guide column 70, when the matching state of the ball 150 and the deep socket hole 141 is switched to the matching state of the ball 150 and the shallow socket hole 142, the ball 150 pushes the handle 140 away from the brake. Disc 40, it can be understood that when the ball 150 and the shallow socket 142 are in cooperation, the distance between the handle 140 and the brake disc 40 is greater than the distance between the handle 140 and the brake disc 40 when the ball 150 and the deep socket 141 are in cooperation. When the handle 140 is away from the brake disc 40, it drives the guide column 70 away from the armature 30, so that the armature 30 no longer presses the brake pad 20, and the brake pad 20 can rotate automatically, so that the vehicle drive system can drive the power shaft and the brake pad 20 to rotate, the brake enters the brake release state, and the vehicle can run.

[0073] Optionally, the handle 140 can be rotated counterclockwise or clockwise, so that the handle 140 can adapt to different user requirements, that is, the user can choose to pull the handle 140 counterclockwise or clockwise according to their own usage requirements. Shallow holes 142 are provided on opposite sides of the deep socket hole 141 along the circumference of the handle 140, so that when the handle 140 is rotated counterclockwise or clockwise, the handle 140 has a shallow ball 150 that can cooperate with the ball 150.

[0074] Optionally, there are multiple balls 150, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the brake disc 40, the number of deep sockets 141 is equal to the number of balls 150, and the number of shallow sockets 142 is twice the number of deep sockets 141. Specifically, in this embodiment, there are three balls 150, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the brake disc 40, the number of deep sockets 141 is also three, the number of shallow sockets 142 is six, and each deep socket 141 has a shallow socket 142 on two opposite sides. The three balls 150 are matched with the three deep sockets 141 in a one-to-one correspondence, or the three balls 150 are matched with three of the shallow sockets 142 in a one-to-one correspondence. By providing three balls 150, the handle 140 can be stably supported on a plane, which is conducive to improving the stability of the cooperation between the handle 140 and the brake disc 40, effectively avoiding the shaking of the handle 140 when pulling the handle 140, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of brake failure caused by improper force. Of course, the number of balls 150 can also be other numbers, such as four, five or six.

[0075] Furthermore, the edges of the deep socket 141 and the shallow socket 142 are both provided with arc chamfers, which make the ball 150 have a smooth transition effect, which is beneficial to reduce the friction resistance between the ball 150 and the handle 140 when the handle 140 is moved, making it easier to pull the handle 140.

[0076] It should be noted that when the distance between the end of the handle 140 extending out of the edge of the brake disc 40 and the axis a is 55mm, the clutch force of the handle 140 is 5Kg-6Kg or 3Kg-4Kg. In addition, the more stable the brake clearance is, the more stable the torque of the brake is. However, since there will always be wear when the handle 140 is pulled, which affects the brake suction clearance, arc chamfers are added to the edges of the deep socket 141 and the shallow socket 142 to reduce the contact friction between the ball 150 and the handle 140. In addition, the handle 140 is heat-treated so that the hardness of the handle 140 after heat treatment is HV500-650, which is conducive to enhancing the wear resistance of the handle 140, reducing the wear of the handle 140, and extending the service life. In this embodiment, the clutch times of the handle 140 are set to be not less than 5000 times and the performance after clutch can meet the use requirements. It can be understood that the handle 140 of the embodiment of the present application is easy to turn, and the handle 140 has a high number of effective turning times, and can continuously provide effective braking torque, so that the brake has less noise during normal operation, the brake performance is safer and more reliable, and the service life is longer.

[0077] The total brake engagement clearance of the brake is composed of the engagement clearance between the brake disc 40 and the mounting base plate 10 and the engagement clearance between the brake disc 40 and the handle 140. The total brake engagement clearance of the brake is adjusted by a special fixture, and the clearance of the entire working surface of the brake can be adjusted to a preset clearance value. The total brake engagement clearance is controlled within the range of 0.05mm-0.25mm.

[0078] In one embodiment of the present application, see Figures 4 to 6 A limit pin 47 is provided on the end surface of the brake disc 40 facing the handle 140. The limit pin 47 is provided on the edge of the brake disc 40. A limit slot 144 is provided on the handle 140. The limit slot 144 is arranged in an arc shape along the rotation direction of the handle 140. The limit slot 144 is inserted into the limit pin 47. When the handle 140 is pulled, the limit pin 47 moves relatively along the limit slot 144. When the limit pin 47 abuts against the end of the limit slot 144, so that the handle 140 cannot continue to rotate in this direction, it means that the handle 140 has been rotated to the state where the ball 150 cooperates with the shallow socket hole 142, and the brake is in a brake release state. The limit pin 47 cooperates with the limit slot 144 to limit the rotation angle of the handle 140. In addition, the rotation movement of the handle 140 can be guided, which is conducive to improving the stability of the rotation of the handle 140.

[0079] It should be noted that when the handle 140 can rotate counterclockwise and clockwise, the rotation angles of the handle 140 in both directions are the same. It can be understood that no matter whether the handle 140 rotates counterclockwise or clockwise, after the direction is determined, the rotation angle is limited by the limit pin 47.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present application, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 The brake also includes a micro switch 180, which is arranged on the end surface of the brake disc 40 facing the handle 140 and is arranged corresponding to the handle 140. When the handle 140 is in a state where the ball 150 and the shallow socket hole 142 are matched, the handle 140 triggers the contact of the micro switch 180, so that the micro switch 180 is turned on or off, thereby powering on or off the brake.

[0081] Specifically, see Figure 2 The brake also includes a third screw 190, which fixes the micro switch 180 on the brake disc 40. The welding foot of the micro switch 180 is electrically connected to the second lead 200, and the second lead 200 is used to be electrically connected to the vehicle power supply.

[0082] It should be noted that the screws used in the implementation of the brake in this application are all coated with glue to protect the screws and prevent them from being damaged.

[0083] When the handle 140 is rotated to the state where the ball 150 and the shallow socket 142 are matched, the handle 140 triggers the micro switch 180, causing the micro switch 180 to output a sensing signal to remind the user that the current state is the brake state where the handle 140 releases the brake, so that when the brake is powered on, the user needs to rotate the handle 140 to the state where the ball 150 and the deep socket 141 are matched, to avoid powering on the brake when the handle 140 releases the brake and causing an accident. It should be noted that when the handle 140 is in the state where the ball 150 and the deep socket 141 are matched, the micro switch 180 is in a normally open state.

[0084] Optionally, the solder pin sleeve of the micro switch 180 is provided with a heat shrink tube 181, and the heat shrink tube 181 has an insulating protection function.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present application, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The handle 140 has a contact and pressure portion 145 and a clearance portion 146, and the micro switch 180 has a trigger portion 182. When the handle 140 is in a state where the ball 150 and the deep socket hole 141 are matched, the clearance portion 146 corresponds to the trigger portion 182, so that the micro switch 180 is not triggered. When the handle 140 is in a state where the ball 150 and the shallow socket hole 142 are matched, the contact and pressure portion 145 corresponds to the trigger portion 182 and triggers the micro switch 180.

[0086] It should be noted that when the handle 140 can release the brake state counterclockwise and clockwise, the handle 140 has two contact and pressure portions 145 , and the clearance portion 146 is located between the two contact and pressure portions 145 .

[0087] The present application also provides a vehicle, wherein the brake comprises the brake of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0088] The brake provided in the present application adopts the above-mentioned brake. The brake can reduce the volume of the brake disc 40 without affecting the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnet. When the size of the brake disc 40 is reduced, the size of the mounting base plate 10 can also be reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the overall volume and weight of the brake, thereby reducing the space required for the installation of the brake and facilitating installation.

[0089] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A brake, characterized in that: include: A mounting base plate, a brake pad, an armature, an electromagnet, a guide column and an elastic member; the mounting base plate, the brake pad, the armature and the electromagnet are arranged in sequence along the axis, the electromagnet comprises a brake disc and a coil assembly, the brake disc is connected to the mounting base plate, an annular groove is provided on the brake disc, the width of the annular groove along the axis gradually decreases from the edge of the brake disc to the center of the brake disc; the coil assembly is arranged in the annular groove, the guide column is movably matched with the brake disc and is used to abut the armature, the elastic member abuts the guide column, so that the guide column has a tendency to push the armature to move in the direction of the brake pad.

2. The brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the mounting base plate is provided with a mounting hole, and the edge of the brake disc is provided with a position avoidance hole, and the position avoidance hole is correspondingly communicated with the mounting hole.

3. The brake according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the mounting holes is two to four, and the number of the avoidance holes is equal to the number of the mounting holes.

4. The brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular groove passes through a side of the brake disc facing the armature, and a distance between a side wall surface of the annular groove facing the armature and the armature gradually decreases from the edge of the brake disc to the center of the brake disc.

5. The brake according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The coil assembly comprises a bobbin and a coil. The bobbin is matched and arranged in the annular groove, and the coil is wound on the bobbin.

6. The brake according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The brake disc is provided with an axial hole and a receiving hole. The guide column comprises a column body movably arranged in the axial hole and a cap body connected to one end of the column body close to the armature. The elastic member is received in the receiving hole and abuts against the cap body.

7. The brake according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The brake also includes a handle and a ball. The handle is arranged on the side of the brake disc away from the armature and is rotatably connected to the guide column. The handle is provided with a deep hole and a shallow hole. The ball is arranged between the brake disc and the handle, and the ball cooperates with the deep hole or the shallow hole.

8. The brake according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limiting pin is arranged on the side of the brake disc facing the handle, and a limiting groove for movably inserting the limiting pin is arranged on the handle, and the limiting groove is arranged in an arc shape along the rotation direction of the handle.

9. The brake according to claim 7, characterized in that: The brake also includes a micro switch, which is arranged on the side of the brake disc facing the handle and corresponding to the handle. When the handle is in a state where the ball and the shallow socket are matched, the handle triggers the micro switch.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a brake as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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