Workpiece clamping structure and vertical machining center thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machining centers, and provides a workpiece clamping structure and a vertical machining center thereof. The workpiece clamping structure and the vertical machining center thereof comprise an L-shaped positioning clamping block and a clamping action assembly, a step is arranged on the internal corner face of the L-shaped positioning clamping block, a machining datum hole is formed in the top face of the L-shaped positioning clamping block, and datum planes of workpieces abut against the L-shaped positioning clamping block; the clamping action assembly comprises clamping plates, a hydraulic cylinder and a base, the clamping plates are fixedly connected to the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder, the number of the connecting sets composed of the clamping plates and the hydraulic cylinder is two, the two clamping plates are vertically distributed, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the base, the two clamping plates abut against the side face of a workpiece, and the clamping plates are fixedly connected to the base. The faces, abutting against the workpiece, of the clamping plates face the L-shaped positioning clamping block. According to the workpiece clamping structure and the vertical machining center thereof, the tool setting process can be simplified, the tool setting time consumption is reduced, and the working efficiency of the machining center is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machining centers, in particular to a workpiece clamping structure and a vertical machining center thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the machining process of the vertical machining center, the workpiece is subjected to great force, so a clamping structure is often required to fix the workpiece before machining. When machining a roughened workpiece, except for the reserved reference surface, the remaining surfaces of the workpiece will change after machining. In order to ensure that each machining is carried out under the same reference, the reference surface needs to be calibrated before each machining to ensure the machining accuracy. The machining of each workpiece requires repeated flipping and switching of the machining surface to achieve full machining of the workpiece.

[0003] The existing workpiece clamping structure will cause the workpiece datum to change every time the clamping action is performed, so each workpiece needs to be repeatedly turned over and repeatedly set the tool during the processing, which makes the tool setting time-consuming. In addition, when processing with the datum surface facing down, manual tool setting is required, and the tool setting process is cumbersome. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a workpiece clamping structure and a vertical machining center thereof, which can simplify the tool setting process, reduce the time consumption of tool setting, and improve the working efficiency of the machining center.

[0005] The utility model provides a workpiece clamping structure and a vertical machining center thereof, comprising:

[0006] An L-shaped positioning clamp block, wherein the inner angle surface of the L-shaped positioning clamp block is provided with a step, and a machining reference hole is provided on the top surface of the L-shaped positioning clamp block; the reference surface of the workpiece is against the L-shaped positioning clamp block;

[0007] A clamping action component, the clamping action component includes a clamping plate, a hydraulic cylinder and a base, the clamping plate is fixedly connected to the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the connection groups consisting of the clamping plate and the hydraulic cylinder include two in total, the two clamping plates are vertically distributed, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the base; the two clamping plates are both against the side of the workpiece, and the surfaces of the clamping plates against the workpiece are facing the L-shaped positioning clamp.

[0008] Preferably, each of the clamping plates is connected to two of the hydraulic cylinders, and the two hydraulic cylinders are distributed in parallel.

[0009] Preferably, the clamping action assembly further includes a rotating shaft, and the clamping plates are connected to the driving end of each hydraulic cylinder via the rotating shaft, and the connecting hole between the clamping plate and one of the rotating shafts is an extended hole.

[0010] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinders are all connected in one oil circuit.

[0011] Preferably, the oil circuit of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic station of the vertical machining center.

[0012] Preferably, at least two machining reference holes are formed on the L-shaped positioning clamp, and the two machining reference holes are far away from each other.

[0013] Preferably, the workpiece clamping structure further comprises a pad, which is located between the L-shaped positioning clamp and the clamping action assembly, and the upper surface of the pad is flush with the abutment surface of the horizontal reference surface on the L-shaped positioning clamp.

[0014] A vertical machining center uses the workpiece clamping structure, and the vertical machining center comprises a workbench, the workbench is evenly provided with dovetail grooves, and the upper part of the workbench is fixedly connected with the L-shaped positioning clamp block and the clamping action component.

[0015] Preferably, the vertical machining center also includes an installation and positioning assembly, and the workbench is connected to the L-shaped positioning clamp and the clamping action assembly through the installation and positioning assembly, the installation and positioning assembly includes a threaded rod and a nut, one end of the threaded rod is provided with a limit block, and the limit block is clamped in the dovetail groove, and the nut is installed on the other end of the threaded rod.

[0016] Preferably, a positioning chamfer is provided on the outer edge of the nut fastening surface, and at least two positioning through holes are provided on the L-shaped positioning clamp block and the base, the threaded rod passes through the positioning through hole, and a positioning chamfer is provided at one end of the positioning through hole close to the nut.

[0017] The technical solution of the utility model is to design an L-shaped positioning clamp to abut against the reference surface of the workpiece, and then perform tool alignment on the reference hole designed on the upper surface of the L-shaped positioning clamp. The space above the processed reference hole is convenient for tool alignment, and the tool alignment of the workpiece can be quickly completed through conversion by utilizing the positional relationship between the processed reference hole and each surface designed in advance, and the problem of manual tool alignment can be avoided when the reference surface is facing downward, thereby improving the working efficiency of the vertical machining center. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is an isometric view of the workpiece clamping structure of the utility model and its vertical machining center;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The workpiece clamping structure and the position relationship diagram of the L-shaped positioning clamping block in the vertical machining center against the outer convex reference surface of the workpiece;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The workpiece clamping structure and the position relationship diagram of the L-shaped positioning clamping block in the vertical machining center against the concave reference surface of the workpiece;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The workpiece clamping structure and the exploded diagram of the clamping action components in the vertical machining center;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the workpiece clamping structure and its installation and positioning assembly in a vertical machining center.

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] 1. L-shaped positioning clamp; 11. Processing reference hole; 2. Clamping action assembly; 21. Clamping plate; 211. Rotating shaft; 22. Hydraulic cylinder; 23. Base; 3. Workbench; 4. Installation positioning assembly; 41. Threaded rod; 42. Nut; 5. Pad; A. Workpiece reference surface; B. Workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] Combination Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a workpiece clamping structure and a vertical machining center thereof provided by the utility model include an L-shaped positioning clamping block 1 and a clamping action component 2.

[0030] Combination Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the inner angle surface of the L-shaped positioning clamp 1 is provided with a step, and a machining reference hole 11 is provided on the top surface of the L-shaped positioning clamp 1; the reference surface of the workpiece is against the L-shaped positioning clamp 1; the clamping action component 2 includes a clamping plate 21, a hydraulic cylinder 22 and a base 23, the clamping plate 21 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 22, and the connection group consisting of the clamping plate 21 and the hydraulic cylinder 22 includes two, the two clamping plates 21 are vertically distributed, and the hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the base 23; the two clamping plates 21 are The surface of the clamp 21 resting against the side of the workpiece faces the L-shaped positioning clamp 1. The technical solution of the utility model is to design the L-shaped positioning clamp to rest against the reference surface of the workpiece, and then align the tool for the reference hole 11 designed on the upper surface of the L-shaped positioning clamp. The space above the processing reference hole 11 is convenient for tool alignment. By utilizing the positional relationship between the processing reference hole 11 designed in advance and each surface, the tool alignment of the workpiece can be quickly completed through conversion, and when the reference surface is facing downward, the problem of manual tool alignment can be avoided, thereby improving the working efficiency of the vertical machining center.

[0031] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, each of the splints 21 is connected to two of the hydraulic cylinders 22, and the two hydraulic cylinders 22 are distributed in parallel. By increasing the number of the splints 21 connected to the hydraulic cylinders 22, the reliability of the connection between the splints 21 and the hydraulic cylinders 22 can be ensured when the area of ​​the splints 21 is large, and the stress condition at the connection between the splints 21 and the hydraulic cylinders 22 can be improved.

[0032] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the clamping action component 2 also includes a rotating shaft 211, and the clamping plate 21 is connected to the driving end of each hydraulic cylinder 22 through the rotating shaft 211. The connecting hole between the clamping plate 21 and one of the rotating shafts 211 is an extended hole. Through the design of the rotating shaft 211 and the extended hole, the asynchronous advancement of the hydraulic cylinder 22 can be achieved, that is, the clamping action component 2 works at a certain tilt angle, so that the clamping action component 2 can adapt to workpieces with different shapes.

[0033] In some embodiments, the hydraulic cylinders 22 are all connected in one oil circuit, and the principle of equal oil pressure in the same oil circuit is used to ensure the uniformity of the thrust of the clamping plate 21 and improve the force on the workpiece.

[0034] In some embodiments, the oil circuit of the hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected to the hydraulic station of the vertical machining center, and the hydraulic station of the vertical machining center is used to provide pressure for the hydraulic cylinder 22, which simplifies the structure of the clamping action component 2 and enables the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 22 to be controlled on the operating table of the vertical machining center.

[0035] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 As shown, at least two machining reference holes 11 are provided on the L-shaped positioning clamp 1, and the two machining reference holes 11 are far away from each other. Considering that there are many possible shapes of the workpiece, in order to avoid the outer contour of the workpiece affecting the tool setting process of the machining reference holes 11, by increasing the number of machining reference holes 11, more options for tool setting are provided, thereby ensuring quick tool setting.

[0036] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 As shown, the workpiece clamping structure also includes a pad 5, which is located between the L-shaped positioning clamp 1 and the clamping action component 2, and the upper surface of the pad 5 is flush with the abutment surface of the horizontal reference surface on the L-shaped positioning clamp 1. Due to the different designs of the workpiece reference surface, when the workpiece reference surface and the surface of the L-shaped positioning clamp 1 are in contact, the other end of the workpiece may be suspended in the air. When the center of gravity of the workpiece is away from the L-shaped positioning clamp 1, the workpiece will tilt. When the tilted workpiece is clamped, the horizontal reference surface may not be in contact, resulting in errors in the tool setting results. The pad 5 is used to raise the unsupported end of the workpiece, and appropriate tolerances are set during its processing, which can ensure the contact of the horizontal reference surface and improve the accuracy of tool setting.

[0037] Combination Figures 1 to 5As shown, a vertical machining center uses the workpiece clamping structure, and the vertical machining center includes a workbench 3, on which dovetail grooves are evenly arranged. The upper part of the workbench 3 is fixedly connected with the L-shaped positioning clamp 1 and the clamping action component 2. The workbench 3 is one of the necessary structures of the vertical machining center, which can move in a directional and fixed distance and is responsible for supporting the workpiece. The L-shaped positioning clamp 1 and the clamping action component 2 need to be fixed on the workbench 3 to ensure the reliability of the workbench 3 driving the workpiece displacement during the machining process.

[0038] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the vertical machining center also includes an installation positioning component 4, and the workbench 3 is connected to the L-shaped positioning clamp 1 and the clamping action component 2 through the installation positioning component 4, the installation positioning component 4 includes a threaded rod 41 and a nut 42, one end of the threaded rod 41 is provided with a limit block, and the limit block is clamped in the dovetail groove, and the nut 42 is installed on the other end of the threaded rod 41, which utilizes the dovetail groove feature of the workbench 3 and adopts a mechanical structure to achieve connection, so the connection effect is more stable and the cost is lower.

[0039] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, a positioning chamfer is provided on the outer side of the fastening surface of the nut 42, and at least two positioning through holes are provided on the L-shaped positioning clamp 1 and the base 23, through which the threaded rod 41 passes, and a positioning chamfer is provided at one end of the positioning through hole close to the nut 42. Since there is a certain gap between the inner wall of the through hole through which the threaded rod 41 passes on the L-shaped positioning clamp 1 and the base 23 and the threaded rod 41, during the installation of the positioning component 4, the gap is the space for the connected parts to move relative to each other. When the positioning component 4 is subjected to a large force during installation, relative movement may occur, affecting the processing accuracy. By connecting the positioning chamfer of the nut 42 and the positioning chamfer of the positioning through hole with each other, it is ensured that no relative movement occurs between the connected parts.

[0040] Working process: fix the L-shaped positioning clamp 1 and the clamping action component 2 on the workbench 3 by installing the positioning component 4, and leave a gap between the L-shaped positioning clamp 1 and the clamping action component 2 that is sufficient to place the workpiece, place the pad 5 in the gap, and place the workpiece on the pad 5 with the intersection angle of the reference surface facing the L-shaped positioning clamp 1; start the hydraulic cylinder 22, and the hydraulic cylinder 22 pushes the workpiece through the clamp 21 so that the reference surface of the workpiece can be tightly against the surface of the L-shaped positioning clamp 1; start the vertical machining center and start tool alignment by machining the reference hole 11; after machining is completed, release the workpiece by retracting the hydraulic cylinder 22.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A workpiece clamping structure, characterized in that: include: An L-shaped positioning clamp (1), wherein the inner corner surface of the L-shaped positioning clamp (1) is provided with a step, and a machining reference hole (11) is provided on the top surface of the L-shaped positioning clamp (1); The reference surfaces of the workpieces are all against the L-shaped positioning clamp (1); A clamping action component (2), the clamping action component (2) comprising a clamping plate (21), a hydraulic cylinder (22) and a base (23), the clamping plate (21) being fixedly connected to a driving end of the hydraulic cylinder (22), and a total of two connection groups consisting of the clamping plate (21) and the hydraulic cylinder (22), the two clamping plates (21) being vertically distributed, and the hydraulic cylinder (22) being fixedly connected to the base (23); The two clamping plates (21) are both pressed against the side surfaces of the workpiece, and the surfaces of the clamping plates (21) pressed against the workpiece are both facing the L-shaped positioning clamping block (1).

2. The workpiece clamping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each clamping plate (21) is connected to two hydraulic cylinders (22), and the two hydraulic cylinders (22) are distributed in parallel.

3. The workpiece clamping structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping action assembly (2) further comprises a rotating shaft (211), and the clamping plates (21) are connected to the driving end of each hydraulic cylinder (22) via the rotating shaft (211), and the connecting hole between the clamping plates (21) and one of the rotating shafts (211) is an elongated hole.

4. The workpiece clamping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinders (22) are all connected in an oil circuit.

5. The workpiece clamping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two machining reference holes (11) are formed on the L-shaped positioning clamp (1), and the two machining reference holes (11) are far away from each other.

6. The workpiece clamping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a pad (5), which is located between the L-shaped positioning clamp (1) and the clamping action assembly (2), and the upper surface of the pad (5) is flush with the abutment surface of the horizontal reference surface on the L-shaped positioning clamp (1).

7. A vertical machining center, using the workpiece clamping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It comprises a workbench (3), on which dovetail grooves are evenly arranged, and the upper part of the workbench (3) is fixedly connected to the L-shaped positioning clamp block (1) and the clamping action component (2).

8. The vertical machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: The oil circuit of the hydraulic cylinder (22) is connected to the hydraulic station of the vertical machining center.

9. The vertical machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an installation positioning assembly (4), and the workbench (3) is connected to the L-shaped positioning clamp (1) and the clamping action assembly (2) through the installation positioning assembly (4), the installation positioning assembly (4) comprises a threaded rod (41) and a nut (42), one end of the threaded rod (41) is provided with a limit block, and the limit block is clamped in the dovetail groove, and the nut (42) is installed on the other end of the threaded rod (41).

10. The vertical machining center according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer edge of the fastening surface of the nut (42) is provided with a positioning chamfer, and the L-shaped positioning clamp (1) and the base (23) are both provided with at least two positioning through holes, the threaded rod (41) passes through the positioning through hole, and a positioning chamfer is provided at one end of the positioning through hole close to the nut (42).

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