Controllable annular light spot light path system and powder bed additive manufacturing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a controllable annular light spot light path system and a powder bed additive manufacturing device, and belongs to the technical field of optics and manufacturing, the light path system comprises an axicon lens and a focus lens, the axicon lens is used for converting Gaussian beams into annular light spots, the controllable annular light spot light path system comprises an annular light spot, and the focus lens is used for focusing on the annular light spots. Gaussian beams are converted into annular light spots, and light spot control on a focal plane is achieved through a focusing lens. And under the condition of the annular light spot, laser energy is not concentrated at the center of the light beam any more, so that the triggering frequency of the keyhole defect is reduced. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the size of the light spots is controllable, the printing forming efficiency can be improved through larger light spots, and important practical application value is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of optics and manufacturing technology, and in particular relates to a controllable annular light spot light path system and a powder bed additive manufacturing device. Background Art

[0002] Laser powder bed fusion is one of the technologies with the greatest industrial potential in metal additive manufacturing. Today, most laser powder bed fusion equipment uses a Gaussian beam with a spot diameter between 60-100μm. Since the energy of the beam is concentrated at the center of the spot, the printed material is prone to keyhole defects, resulting in a decrease in the quality of the finished product. At the same time, a spot diameter that is too small results in low printing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the utility model provides a controllable annular spot light path system and a powder bed additive manufacturing device.

[0004] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A controllable annular spot optical path system, the optical path system comprises an axicon lens and a focusing mirror, the number of the axicon lenses is at least two, the number of the focusing mirror is one, the axicon lenses and the focusing mirror are arranged in sequence in the optical path system, the axicon lenses are arranged in sequence at the front end of the optical path system, the focusing mirror is arranged behind the axicon lenses, and the optical path system converts a Gaussian light beam into an annular spot through the axicon lenses and the focusing mirror.

[0006] Furthermore, there are two axicon lenses, the axicon lens arranged at the front end of the optical path system is a first axicon lens, and the axicon lens arranged after the first axicon lens is a second axicon lens.

[0007] Furthermore, the first axicon lens, the second axicon lens and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged in the optical path system, and the distance between the first axicon lens and the second axicon lens is adjustable.

[0008] Furthermore, the distance between the focusing mirror and the second axicon lens is adjustable.

[0009] Furthermore, the axicon lens includes a plano-convex pyramid lens and a plano-concave pyramid lens.

[0010] A controllable annular spot powder bed additive manufacturing device, the manufacturing device comprising the above-mentioned optical path system.

[0011] Furthermore, the manufacturing device also includes a laser beam source, a collimator, a galvanometer and a molding chamber, and the laser beam source, the collimator, the optical path system, the galvanometer and the molding chamber are arranged in sequence.

[0012] Furthermore, a printing powder bed is provided in the molding chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the galvanometer performs deflection adjustment.

[0014] Beneficial effects:

[0015] The utility model discloses a controllable annular spot optical path system, which transforms a Gaussian beam into an annular spot, and controls the spot size on the focal plane through a focusing lens. In the case of an annular spot, the laser energy is no longer concentrated in the center of the beam, thereby reducing the triggering frequency of keyhole defects. At the same time, since the spot size is controllable, the printing efficiency can be improved through a larger spot, which has important practical application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a controllable annular spot light path system of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a controllable annular spot powder bed additive manufacturing device of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram comparing a controllable annular spot powder bed additive manufacturing device of the utility model with an existing process for printing small circular holes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present utility model, the embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a controllable annular spot light path system of the utility model. Figure 2 The utility model is a schematic structural diagram of a controllable annular spot powder bed additive manufacturing device.

[0024] A controllable annular spot optical path system, the optical path system comprises an axicon lens and a focusing mirror, the number of the axicon lenses is at least two, the number of the focusing mirror is one, the axicon lenses and the focusing mirror are arranged in sequence in the optical path system, the axicon lenses are arranged in sequence at the front end of the optical path system, the focusing mirror is arranged behind the axicon lenses, and the optical path system converts a Gaussian light beam into an annular spot through the axicon lenses and the focusing mirror.

[0025] Furthermore, there are two axicon lenses, the axicon lens arranged at the front end of the optical path system is a first axicon lens, and the axicon lens arranged after the first axicon lens is a second axicon lens.

[0026] Furthermore, the first axicon lens, the second axicon lens and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged in the optical path system, and the distance between the first axicon lens and the second axicon lens is adjustable.

[0027] Furthermore, the distance between the focusing mirror and the second axicon lens is adjustable.

[0028] Furthermore, the axicon lens includes a plano-convex pyramid lens and a plano-concave pyramid lens.

[0029] A controllable annular spot powder bed additive manufacturing device, the manufacturing device comprising the above-mentioned optical path system.

[0030] Furthermore, the manufacturing device also includes a laser beam source, a collimator, a galvanometer and a molding chamber, and the laser beam source, the collimator, the optical path system, the galvanometer and the molding chamber are arranged in sequence.

[0031] Furthermore, a printing powder bed is provided in the molding chamber.

[0032] Furthermore, the galvanometer performs deflection adjustment.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] In a controllable annular spot optical path system disclosed in the utility model, a Gaussian beam is transformed into an annular spot through two or more axicon lenses; then, the spot control in the focal plane is realized through a focusing lens; and this optical system is applied to a laser powder bed melting device to realize a laser powder bed melting device based on an annular spot. Figure 2 .

[0035] In the case of an annular spot, the laser energy is no longer concentrated in the center of the beam, thus reducing the triggering frequency of keyhole defects. At the same time, since the spot size is controllable, the printing efficiency can be improved through a larger spot.

[0036] The annular spot powder bed additive manufacturing system involves two or more axicon lenses to transform the Gaussian beam into an annular spot and achieve spot control in the focal plane through a focusing lens (such as Figure 1 shown).

[0037] This optical path system requires a laser optical path workbench embedded in the laser powder bed fusion equipment (see Figure 2 ), between the collimator and the XY galvanometer to realize the laser powder bed fusion equipment based on the annular spot.

[0038] In the case of an annular spot, the laser energy is no longer concentrated in the center of the beam, thus reducing the triggering frequency of keyhole defects. At the same time, since the spot size is controllable, the printing efficiency can be improved through a larger spot.

[0039] In terms of printing small circular holes, the existing process will convert the circular hole into a polygon, and the laser will outline the small circular hole along the edge of the polygon. The annular spot can directly print the small circular hole, improving the forming quality and annularity of the small circular hole. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram comparing a controllable annular spot powder bed additive manufacturing device of the utility model with an existing process for printing small circular holes.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A controllable annular spot light path system, characterized in that: The optical path system includes an axicon lens and a focusing mirror, wherein the number of the axicon lenses is at least two, and the number of the focusing mirror is one, the axicon lenses and the focusing mirror are arranged sequentially in the optical path system, the axicon lenses are arranged sequentially at the front end of the optical path system, and the focusing mirror is arranged behind the axicon lenses, and the optical path system converts a Gaussian light beam into an annular light spot through the axicon lenses and the focusing mirror.

2. The controllable annular spot optical path system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two axicon lenses, the axicon lens arranged at the front end of the optical path system is a first axicon lens, and the axicon lens arranged after the first axicon lens is a second axicon lens.

3. The controllable annular spot optical path system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first axicon lens, the second axicon lens and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged in the optical path system, and the distance between the first axicon lens and the second axicon lens is adjustable.

4. The controllable annular spot optical path system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the focusing mirror and the second axicon lens is adjustable.

5. The controllable annular spot optical path system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The axicon lens includes a plano-convex pyramid lens and a plano-concave pyramid lens.

6. A controllable annular spot powder bed additive manufacturing device, characterized in that: The manufacturing device comprises the optical path system as claimed in any one of claims 1-5.

7. The controllable annular spot powder bed additive manufacturing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The manufacturing device also includes a laser beam source, a collimator, a galvanometer and a molding chamber, and the laser beam source, the collimator, the optical path system, the galvanometer and the molding chamber are arranged in sequence.

8. The controllable annular spot powder bed additive manufacturing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A printing powder bed is provided in the molding chamber.

9. The controllable annular spot powder bed additive manufacturing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The galvanometer mirror can be deflected and adjusted.

Images