Small ecological filter tank device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a small ecological filter device which comprises a shell, at least one filter material layer is arranged in the shell, a water supplementing pipeline is arranged above the filter material layer, a water collecting area is arranged below the filter material layer, a water outlet pipe is arranged in the water collecting area, a rainproof top cover is arranged above the shell, a ventilation pipeline is further arranged in the shell, and the ventilation pipeline is communicated with the water collecting area. The ventilating pipeline vertically penetrates through the filter material layer and extends out of the rainproof top cover; the water replenishing pipeline is connected with a water inlet pipe and consists of a water distribution main pipe and a plurality of water distribution branch pipes, a water distribution sleeve is arranged at a water outlet of each water distribution branch pipe, and at least one layer of water distribution holes is formed in each water distribution sleeve. According to the utility model, the aeration oxygenation effect in the filter tank can be improved under the condition that an additional aeration device is not added, so that the treatment effect of the filter tank is improved; the sewage treatment device is used for treating domestic sewage, and is particularly suitable for treating pretreated small-scale rural domestic sewage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a small ecological filter tank device. Background Art

[0002] Biofilter is a common sewage treatment device that can intercept organic matter in sewage and purify sewage through the enriched and grown biofilm on the surface of the filter material. It is a treatment facility that integrates biochemical treatment and interception of suspended solids. Usually, the biofilter consists of a tank body, filter material, water distribution device, drainage system and ventilation device. In the past, gravel, pebbles, slag and coke were usually used. In recent years, the frequency of use of lightweight plastic filter materials has gradually increased, such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polystyrene and other plate-shaped, ring-shaped, honeycomb tube-shaped plastic filter materials. Microorganisms grow and enrich on the filter material. When sewage drips from the top water distribution system and flows through the filter material, some organic matter is adsorbed by the filter material and gradually degraded by the microorganisms attached to the filter material. In this process, adsorption and phosphorus removal reactions, nitrification reactions and denitrification reactions occur to remove phosphates, ammonia nitrogen and organic matter in the water, thereby achieving the purpose of purification.

[0003] Existing biofilters, such as those described in "CN201720521226.5 A composite biofilter", have good treatment effects, but they still have some shortcomings, such as: 1) There is a certain head resistance in the water outlet of the water distributor, so the water outlet is prone to clogging; 2) Even if an aeration device is designed at the bottom, on the one hand, it increases energy consumption, and on the other hand, it is difficult to evenly oxygenate the inside of the filter material, thus affecting the degradation effect; 3) Sewage is directly and quickly sprayed into the biofilter through the water outlet, and it is easy to emit odor to the surrounding area during the spraying process. Based on the above shortcomings, this application provides a new small biofilter.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or suggesting in any form that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a small ecological filter device, comprising a shell, at least one filter material layer is arranged in the shell, a water supply pipeline is arranged above the filter material layer, a water collection area is arranged below, a water outlet pipe is arranged in the water collection area, a rainproof top cover is arranged above the shell, and a ventilation duct is also arranged in the shell, the ventilation duct vertically penetrates the filter material layer and extends to the outside of the rainproof top cover; the water supply pipeline is connected with a water inlet pipe, which is composed of a water distribution main pipe and a plurality of water distribution branch pipes, a water distribution sleeve is arranged at the water outlet of the water distribution branch pipe, and at least one layer of water distribution holes is arranged on the water distribution sleeve.

[0006] Furthermore, preferably, the water distribution branch pipe is provided with a water distribution hole.

[0007] Furthermore, preferably, the water distribution sleeve is provided with two layers of water distribution holes below the water distribution holes.

[0008] Furthermore, preferably, a hollow layer is provided between the two filter material layers.

[0009] Furthermore, preferably, the ventilation duct is provided with a plurality of layers of overflow ventilation pipe holes.

[0010] Furthermore, preferably, the water collection area is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes.

[0011] Furthermore, preferably, a supporting plate is provided at the bottom of the filter material layer.

[0012] Furthermore, preferably, both ends of the water distribution main pipe are provided with maintenance valves.

[0013] Further, as a preference, the water distribution branch pipe is connected to the water distribution main pipe through a union.

[0014] Furthermore, preferably, a non-powered hood is also provided on the top of the ventilation duct.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, one aspect of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The utility model provides a water distribution sleeve at the water outlet of the water distribution branch pipe. The water in the water distribution branch pipe first enters the water distribution sleeve, and then is dispersed through the water distribution holes on the water distribution sleeve and then drips into the filter tank. In this process, sewage contacts the air interlayer in the water distribution sleeve when flowing out of the water distribution branch pipe, so that the water distribution body is oxygenated, and then drips into the filter tank from the water distribution sleeve. The effect of dripping aeration and oxygenation can be increased without adding an aeration device, thereby improving the treatment effect of the filter tank; at the same time, the dripping method can reduce the emission of odor compared with direct and rapid spraying;

[0017] The utility model adopts a water distribution structure design of a water distribution main pipe and a plurality of water distribution branches, which can reduce the risk of blockage at the water outlet;

[0018] The utility model has a hollow layer between two filter material layers, and a plurality of overflow ventilation pipe holes are also opened on the ventilation duct, so that oxygen can be continuously added to the filter material layer, and at the same time, the gas with a lower dissolved oxygen concentration in the filter material layer is emitted into the air along the top of the ventilation duct, so as to improve the treatment effect of the filter pool;

[0019] The utility model has several layers of overflow ventilation pipe holes opened on the ventilation pipe. When the water level of the filter material layer reaches the overflow ventilation pipe holes, water can flow into the ventilation pipe from the overflow ventilation pipe holes of the layer, and then quickly flow into the water collection area from the ventilation pipe, thus avoiding the phenomenon of water body soaking the filter material layer for a long time.

[0020] The utility model is also provided with a plurality of ventilation holes in the water collection area, which can prevent the water in the water collection area from emitting peculiar smell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a small ecological filter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a small ecological filter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a water supply pipeline in Example 1 of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a top view of the water supply pipeline of Example 1 of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a partial structural enlarged schematic diagram of the water supply pipeline of Example 1 of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of embodiment 4 of the utility model;

[0027] The accompanying drawings are marked as: 1-shell, 201-upper filter material layer, 202-lower filter material layer, 3-water replenishment pipeline, 301-water inlet pipe, 302-water distribution main pipe, 303-water distribution branch pipe, 304-water distribution hole, 305-water distribution sleeve, 306-upper water distribution hole, 307-lower water distribution hole, 308-maintenance valve, 309-command, 4-water collection area, 401-ventilation hole, 5-water outlet pipe, 6-rainproof top cover, 7-ventilation duct, 701-overflow ventilation pipe hole, 8-upper support plate, 9-lower support plate, 10-unpowered wind hood, 11-hollow layer, 12-water outlet pool, 13-lifting pump, 14-lifting water outlet pipe, 15-water outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.

[0029] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising”, etc., will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0030] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a small ecological filter device comprises a shell 1, wherein two filter material layers are arranged in the shell 1, namely an upper filter material layer 201 and a lower filter material layer 202, a water replenishment pipeline 3 is arranged above the upper filter material layer 201, a water collection area 4 is arranged below the lower filter material layer 202, and a water outlet pipe 5 is arranged in the water collection area 4, a rainproof top cover 6 is arranged above the shell 1, and a ventilation duct 7 is also arranged in the shell 1, and the ventilation duct 7 vertically penetrates the upper filter material layer 201 and the lower filter material layer 202, and the bottom of the ventilation duct 7 extends into the water collection area 4, and the top extends to the outside of the rainproof top cover 6; The water replenishment pipeline 3 is connected to a water inlet pipe 301, which is composed of a water distribution main pipe 302 and a plurality of water distribution branch pipes 303. The water distribution branch pipes 303 are provided with water distribution holes 304. The water distribution branch pipes 303 are also sleeved with a water distribution sleeve 305. The water distribution sleeve 305 is provided with two layers of water distribution holes below the water distribution hole 304, namely an upper water distribution hole 306 and a lower water distribution hole 307. The diameter of the water distribution hole 304 is about 4 mm, the diameter of the upper water distribution hole 306 is about 6 mm, and the diameter of the lower water distribution hole 307 is about 4 mm.

[0031] In this embodiment, the upper filter material layer 201 uses lightweight spherical ceramsite filter material or plastic filter material with a particle size of 20-40 mm, and the filter material specific gravity is less than 1; the lower filter material layer uses lightweight filter material with a particle size of 30-50 mm.

[0032] In this embodiment, an upper supporting plate 8 is provided at the bottom of the upper filter material layer 201, a lower supporting plate 9 is provided at the bottom of the lower filter material layer 202, and the water collection area 4 is located below the lower supporting plate 9. The upper supporting plate 8 and the lower supporting plate 9 play a bearing role for the upper filter material layer 201 and the lower filter material layer 202.

[0033] In this embodiment, both ends of the water distribution main pipe 302 are provided with inspection valves 308. When the pipeline needs to be flushed and inspected, the inspection valves 308 at both ends can be opened to connect temporary flushing water pumps to flush the pipeline.

[0034] In this embodiment, the water distribution branch pipe 303 is connected to the water distribution main pipe 302 via a connection 309. When a water distribution branch pipe 303 is blocked by dirt, the water distribution branch pipe 303 can be removed from the water distribution main pipe 302 via the connection 309 for cleaning.

[0035] In this embodiment, the water collection area 4 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 401, and the ventilation holes 401 can ventilate and oxygenate the water collection area 4 and the lower filter layer 202. On the one hand, the oxygen content of the lower filter layer 202 can be increased, thereby improving the effect of sewage treatment. On the other hand, the odor emitted from the water body in the water collection area 4 can be reduced.

[0036] In this embodiment, a non-powered hood 10 is further provided on the top of the ventilation duct 7. The non-powered hood 10 can improve the circulation ventilation between the ventilation duct 7 and the external air.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in another optimized embodiment, a hollow layer 11 is further provided between the upper filter material layer 201 and the lower filter material layer 202. After the water flows from the upper filter material layer 201 into the hollow layer 11, it contacts with the air in the hollow layer 11, and the water can be oxygenated again, and flows to the lower filter material layer 202 by itself. The microorganisms on the filter material surface of the lower filter material layer 202 further degrade the pollutants in the water and consume the dissolved oxygen in the water, thereby improving the treatment effect.

[0038] Figure 2 As shown, in another optimized embodiment, four layers of overflow ventilation pipe holes 701 are opened on the ventilation duct 7, and each layer of overflow ventilation pipe holes 701 has four overflow ventilation pipe holes at the same level. Specifically, a layer of overflow ventilation pipe holes is opened in the middle section of the upper filter material layer 201, a layer of overflow ventilation pipe holes is opened in the middle section of the hollow layer 11, a layer of overflow ventilation pipe holes is opened in the middle section of the lower filter material layer 202, and a layer of overflow ventilation pipe holes is also opened in the middle section of the water collection area 4. This can improve the connectivity between the filter layer, the hollow layer and the water collection area and the external air, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the filter bed, thereby improving the treatment effect of the filter bed; in addition, these overflow ventilation pipe holes also have an overflow function. When the upper filter layer 201 or the lower filter layer 202 is blocked, the downward water flow cannot penetrate through the filter material normally, and the water level of the filter layer gradually increases. When the water level of the filter layer reaches the overflow ventilation pipe holes, the water flows directly from the overflow ventilation pipe holes of this layer into the ventilation duct 7, and then merges into the water collection area 4, avoiding the phenomenon of water soaking the filter layer for a long time.

[0039] The above-mentioned embodiment is a full-ground installation. The difference from the above-mentioned embodiment is that the present embodiment is a semi-ground installation. Figure 6 As shown, a water outlet pool 12 is also provided, a lifting pump 13 is provided in the water outlet pool 12, a lifting outlet pipe 14 is provided on the lifting pump 13, the outlet pipe 5 of the water collection area 4 is connected to the water outlet pool 12, and the lifting pump 13 pumps the water in the water outlet pool 12 out through the lifting outlet pipe 14; in addition, an external ventilation pipe 15 is also provided, which connects the hollow layer 11 and the water outlet pool 12, so as to communicate with the outside air of the water outlet pool 12.

[0040] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

[0041] The sewage enters the water distribution main pipe 302 from the water inlet pipe 301, is diverted to each water distribution branch pipe 303 through the water distribution main pipe 302, and then flows out at a high speed from the water distribution holes 304 on the water distribution branch pipe 303, impacts the inner wall of the water distribution sleeve 305, enters the water distribution sleeve 305, and then is dispersed by the upper water distribution holes 306 and the lower water distribution holes 307 on the water distribution sleeve 305 and drips onto the upper filter material layer 201; in this process, the sewage contacts the air interlayer in the water distribution sleeve 305 to achieve oxygenation of the water body, and after being intercepted and reduced in flow rate by the water distribution sleeve 305, the water flow evenly drips onto the upper filter material layer 201, which can improve the treatment effect of the upper filter material layer 201;

[0042] After the oxygenated water enters the surface of the upper filter material layer 201, it slowly permeates the filter material under the action of gravity, and the pollutants in the water are degraded and the dissolved oxygen in the water is consumed under the action of the microorganisms attached to and growing on the surface of the filter material. Then the water gradually flows into the hollow layer 11, and the water comes into contact with the air in the hollow layer 11 to achieve re-oxygenation of the water. Then the water flows by gravity to the lower filter material layer 202, and the pollutants in the water are further degraded and the dissolved oxygen in the water is consumed under the action of the microorganisms on the surface of the filter material in the lower filter material layer 202. In this process, the overflow ventilation pipe hole 701 on the ventilation duct 7 continuously replenishes air to the upper filter material layer 201, the lower filter material layer 202 and the hollow layer 11 under the action of the gas concentration difference and the temperature difference. At the same time, the gas with lower dissolved oxygen concentration in the upper and lower filter material layers is released into the air along the unpowered wind cap 10 at the top of the ventilation duct 7.

[0043] After passing through the lower filter material layer 202, the water body is collected in the water collection area 4 and flows out from the outlet pipe 5. When a semi-above-ground installation is adopted, the water in the outlet pipe 5 flows into the outlet pool 12 by gravity, and the water is pumped out through the outlet pipe 14 by the lifting pump 13; at the same time, the air above the water surface of the outlet pool 12 is continuously introduced into the hollow layer 11 through the external ventilation pipe 15, which accelerates the gas flow in the hollow layer 11, thereby further increasing the oxygenation amount inside the filter tank to improve the treatment effect.

[0044] The utility model can increase the effect of dripping aeration and oxygenation without adding additional aeration devices, thereby improving the treatment effect of the filter tank; at the same time, the way that sewage drips from the water diversion hole can reduce the emission of odor compared with direct and rapid spraying; the water distribution structure design using a water distribution main pipe and a plurality of water distribution branches can reduce the risk of blockage at the water outlet; in addition, a hollow layer is provided between the two filter material layers, and a plurality of overflow ventilation pipe holes are also provided on the ventilation duct, which can continuously oxygenate the filter material layer, and at the same time, the gas with a lower dissolved oxygen concentration in the filter material layer is emitted into the air along the top of the ventilation duct, thereby improving the treatment effect of the filter tank.

[0045] The utility model also has several layers of overflow ventilation pipe holes on the ventilation duct. When the water level of the filter material layer reaches the overflow ventilation pipe holes, water can flow into the ventilation duct from the overflow ventilation pipe holes of the layer, and then quickly flow into the water collection area from the ventilation duct, thus avoiding the phenomenon of water body soaking the filter material layer for a long time.

[0046] In addition, the utility model is also provided with a plurality of ventilation holes in the water collection area, which can prevent the water in the water collection area from emitting odor.

[0047] The utility model is a biofilter using light filter material for treating domestic sewage, and is particularly suitable for treating small-scale rural domestic sewage after pretreatment. The suitable single biofilter area is between 2 and 8m², and the form of the biofilter can be a circular filter and a rectangular filter.

[0048] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the utility model is for the purpose of illustration and illustration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the utility model to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the utility model and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the utility model and various different options and changes. The scope of the utility model is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A small ecological filter device, characterized in that: It comprises a shell, wherein at least one filter material layer is arranged in the shell, a water supply pipeline is arranged above the filter material layer, a water collection area is arranged below the filter material layer, a water outlet pipe is arranged in the water collection area, a rainproof top cover is arranged above the shell, and a ventilation duct is also arranged in the shell, the ventilation duct vertically penetrates the filter material layer and extends to the outside of the rainproof top cover; the water supply pipeline is connected with a water inlet pipe, which is composed of a water distribution main pipe and a plurality of water distribution branch pipes, a water distribution sleeve is arranged at the water outlet of the water distribution branch pipe, and at least one layer of water distribution holes is arranged on the water distribution sleeve.

2. A small ecological filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution branch pipe is provided with a water distribution hole.

3. A small ecological filter device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water distribution sleeve is provided with two layers of water distribution holes below the water distribution holes.

4. A small ecological filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hollow layer is arranged between the two filter material layers.

5. A small ecological filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation duct is provided with a plurality of layers of overflow ventilation pipe holes.

6. A small ecological filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collection area is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes.

7. A small ecological filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting plate is provided at the bottom of the filter material layer.

8. A small ecological filter device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Both ends of the water distribution main pipe are provided with inspection valves.

9. A small ecological filter device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The water distribution branch pipe is connected to the water distribution main pipe through a union.

10. The small ecological filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A non-powered hood is also provided on the top of the ventilation duct.

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