Purification system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a purification system which comprises a smelting furnace, a distillation furnace, a cooling assembly and an ingot casting machine. The smelting furnace is used for smelting the mixture to generate a crude solution and solid impurities; the distillation furnace is used for obtaining a crude solution and heating the crude solution to generate material steam; the cooling assembly is communicated with the distillation furnace and is used for obtaining the material steam and cooling the material steam into a refined solution; the ingot casting machine can obtain the refined solution and prepare the refined solution into high-purity ingots. Putting the mixture into a smelting furnace for smelting to generate a crude cadmium solution and an alkali by-product, separating the crude cadmium solution from the alkali by-product, conveying the crude cadmium solution to a distillation furnace, heating the crude cadmium solution in the distillation furnace to generate cadmium steam, and condensing the cadmium steam into a refined cadmium solution in a cooling assembly, and conveying the refined cadmium solution to an ingot casting machine, and forming a high-purity cadmium ingot under the action of the ingot casting machine. Therefore, the purification effect on cadmium can be effectively improved, so that the preparation of high-purity cadmium is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of material processing equipment, and in particular, relates to a purification system. Background Art

[0002] Cadmium is a silvery white shiny metal that can be used in optoelectronic materials, batteries, electroplating, plastic stabilizers, pesticides, pigments and other fields. Impurities in cadmium will affect its performance during application and the quality stability of cadmium. For example, organic impurities in cadmium plating solution will make the electroplating layer brittle and reduce its protective performance, while metal impurities will cause the electroplating layer to lose its luster and become dark.

[0003] At present, the main method for purifying cadmium is the smelting method, which usually involves first placing the cadmium in a smelting furnace for smelting, adding reducing smelting auxiliary materials during the smelting process to make the impurities float and the cadmium solution sink, and then separating the impurities from the cadmium solution to purify the cadmium. However, this purification method has the problem of poor purification effect and inability to prepare high-purity cadmium. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the existing smelting method has poor purification effect and cannot achieve the preparation of high-purity cadmium, and a purification system capable of preparing high-purity cadmium is provided.

[0005] The technical solution proposed in this application is:

[0006] A purification system comprising:

[0007] A smelting furnace is used to smelt the mixed material to produce a crude solution and solid impurities;

[0008] a distillation furnace, disposed downstream of the smelting furnace, for obtaining the crude solution and heating the crude solution to generate material steam;

[0009] A cooling component, connected to the distillation furnace, for obtaining the material vapor and cooling the material vapor into a refined solution;

[0010] An ingot casting machine is arranged downstream of the cooling assembly, and the ingot casting machine is capable of obtaining the refined solution and preparing the refined solution into high-purity ingots.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a feeding mechanism, which is connected to the smelting furnace and is used to input the mixed material into the smelting furnace.

[0012] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding trough, a vacuum loader and a feeding pipe, the feeding trough stores a mixed material, the vacuum loader is connected to the smelting furnace, and the vacuum loader is connected to the feeding trough through the feeding pipe to extract the mixed material in the feeding trough and transport it to the smelting furnace.

[0013] Furthermore, the smelting furnace is also provided with a stirring mechanism, and the stirring mechanism is used for stirring in the smelting furnace.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a crude material furnace, which is arranged between the smelting furnace and the distillation furnace, and is used to receive the crude solution and the solid impurities. The distillation furnace is connected to the crude material furnace to obtain the crude solution.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes an extraction pipe and a negative pressure component, one end of the extraction pipe is connected to the distillation furnace, and the other end is connected to the coarse material furnace, the negative pressure component is connected to the cooling component, and the negative pressure component can generate negative pressure in the cooling component and the distillation furnace to draw the crude solution in the coarse material furnace into the distillation furnace, and draw the material vapor in the distillation furnace into the cooling component.

[0016] Furthermore, the cooling assembly includes a first condenser, a second condenser and a condensation valve, one end of the first condenser is connected to the distillation furnace, and the other end extends toward the ingot casting machine, and the height of the first condenser gradually decreases from one end connected to the distillation furnace to the other end, the second condenser is inclined relative to the horizontal direction, and the bottom end of the second condenser is connected to the first condenser, the negative pressure assembly is connected to the top end of the second condenser, and the condensation valve is arranged on the first condenser and is located at the end of the first condenser away from the distillation furnace.

[0017] Furthermore, the distillation furnace has a distillation chamber and a waste outlet connected to the distillation chamber, and the extraction pipeline and the cooling assembly are both connected to the distillation chamber;

[0018] The purification system is also provided with a waste discharge valve, and the waste discharge valve is arranged at the waste discharge port.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a weight detector, and the distillation furnace is supported on the weight detector.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a casting furnace, the cooling component is connected to the casting furnace and is used to input the refined solution into the casting furnace, and the ingot casting machine is arranged downstream of the casting furnace.

[0021] The above-mentioned purification system is used to put the mixed material into a smelting furnace for smelting to generate a crude cadmium solution and an alkali byproduct (solid impurities), separate the crude cadmium solution from the alkali byproduct and transport the crude cadmium solution to a distillation furnace, heat the crude cadmium solution in the distillation furnace to generate cadmium vapor, and the cadmium vapor enters the cooling component to condense into a refined cadmium solution, which is transported to an ingot casting machine to form a high-purity cadmium ingot under the action of the ingot casting machine. In this way, the purification effect of cadmium can be effectively improved, thereby realizing the preparation of high-purity cadmium. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present application together with the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute a limitation of the present application.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a purification system provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of some mechanisms in the purification system shown.

[0025] Description of labels:

[0026] 100. Purification system; 110. Smelting furnace; 120. Distillation furnace; 130. Cooling assembly; 140. Ingot casting machine; 150. Feeding mechanism; 151. Feeding trough; 152. Vacuum feeder; 153. Feeding pipeline; 111. Stirring mechanism; 112. Discharge pipeline; 113. Discharge valve; 160. Coarse material furnace; 161. Open cavity; 121. Extraction pipeline; 122. Extraction valve; 170. Negative pressure assembly; 123. Distillation chamber; 124. Waste discharge valve; 125. Weight detector; 131. First condenser; 132. Second condenser; 133. Condensation valve; 180. Casting furnace; 181. Casting chamber; 182. Casting valve; 171. Vacuum pump; 172. Negative pressure tank; 173. Negative pressure pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a purification system 100, including a smelting furnace 110, a distillation furnace 120, a cooling component 130 and an ingot casting machine 140. The smelting furnace 110 is used to smelt the mixture to generate a crude solution and solid impurities. The distillation furnace 120 is arranged downstream of the smelting furnace 110, and is used to obtain the crude solution and heat the crude solution to generate material vapor. The cooling component 130 is connected to the distillation furnace 120, and is used to obtain the material vapor and cool the material vapor into a refined solution. The ingot casting machine 140 is arranged downstream of the cooling component 130, and the ingot casting machine 140 can obtain the refined solution and prepare the refined solution into a high-purity ingot.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the material to be purified is cadmium, and the corresponding mixture is cadmium raw material, sodium hydroxide, reducing agent and carbon powder, etc. The components in the mixture are put in according to the process proportion, the crude solution is a crude molten cadmium solution (hereinafter referred to as crude cadmium solution), the material steam is cadmium steam, the refined solution is a molten cadmium solution (hereinafter referred to as refined cadmium solution), and the high-purity ingot is a high-purity cadmium ingot. Of course, in other embodiments, the material to be purified can also be other materials, which are not limited here. Cadmium is used as an example for explanation below.

[0031] With the above-mentioned purification system, the mixed material is placed in the smelting furnace 110 for smelting to generate a crude cadmium solution and an alkali byproduct (solid impurities), the crude cadmium solution and the alkali byproduct are separated and the crude cadmium solution is transported to the distillation furnace 120, the crude cadmium solution is heated in the distillation furnace 120 to generate cadmium vapor, the cadmium vapor enters the cooling component 130 to condense into a refined cadmium solution, the refined cadmium solution is transported to the ingot casting machine 140, and a high-purity cadmium ingot is formed under the action of the ingot casting machine 140. In this way, the purification effect of cadmium can be effectively improved, thereby realizing the preparation of high-purity cadmium.

[0032] In one embodiment, the purification system further includes a feeding mechanism 150, which is disposed upstream of the smelting furnace 110 and communicated with the smelting furnace 110, and is used to input the mixed material into the smelting furnace 110, thereby realizing automatic feeding and facilitating operation.

[0033] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism 150 includes a feeding trough 151, a vacuum loader 152 and a feeding pipe 153. The feeding trough 151 stores a mixture, the vacuum loader 152 is connected to the smelting furnace 110, and the vacuum loader 152 is connected to the feeding trough 151 through the feeding pipe 153 to transport the mixture in the feeding trough 151 to the smelting furnace 110.

[0034] In one embodiment, the smelting furnace 110 is further provided with a stirring mechanism 111, which is used to stir in the smelting furnace 110, so that the cadmium raw material, sodium hydroxide, reducing agent and carbon powder are mixed evenly to form a crude cadmium solution and an alkali byproduct, and the crude cadmium solution and the alkali byproduct are separated into layers during the stirring process, and the alkali byproduct floats above the crude cadmium solution. It should be noted that the stirring mechanism 111 is relatively conventional and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] In one embodiment, the smelting furnace 110 is further provided with a discharge pipe 112 communicating with the interior of the smelting furnace 110, and a discharge valve 113 is provided on the discharge pipe 112, and the discharge valve 113 is used to control the on-off of the discharge pipe 112, so that the discharge pipe 112 is opened after the reduction of the cadmium raw material is completed to discharge the crude cadmium solution and the alkali byproduct in the smelting furnace 110. At the same time, it can be determined that in order to ensure that the crude cadmium solution and the alkali byproduct are discharged, the discharge pipe 112 is located at the bottom of the smelting furnace 110.

[0036] In one embodiment, the purification system further includes a crude material furnace 160 , which is disposed between the smelting furnace 110 and the distillation furnace 120 , and is used to receive a crude cadmium solution and an alkali byproduct, and the distillation furnace 120 is connected to the crude material furnace 160 for obtaining the crude cadmium solution in the crude material furnace 160 .

[0037] It should be explained that, in this embodiment, the crude cadmium solution and the alkali byproduct are first discharged into the coarse material furnace 160, and then the alkali byproduct is manually fished out, and at this time the distillation furnace 120 can obtain the crude cadmium solution remaining in the coarse material furnace 160. Of course, in other embodiments, a filtering structure can be set in the smelting furnace 110 to separate the alkali byproduct and the crude cadmium solution, and then the crude cadmium solution is directly transported to the distillation furnace 120.

[0038] Furthermore, the coarse material furnace 160 has an open cavity 161, and one end of the discharge pipe 112 away from the smelting furnace 110 extends above the open cavity 161 to discharge the crude cadmium solution and the alkali byproduct into the open cavity 161. At the same time, it should be noted that the coarse material furnace 160 can also keep the crude cadmium solution and the alkali byproduct warm to prevent the separation between the crude cadmium solution and the alkali byproduct from being affected by too low a temperature.

[0039] In one embodiment, the purification system further includes an extraction pipeline 121 , one end of which is connected to the distillation furnace 120 , and the other end of which is connected to the crude material furnace 160 , so as to transport the crude cadmium solution in the crude material furnace 160 to the distillation furnace 120 .

[0040] Furthermore, the purification system also includes a negative pressure component 170, which is connected to the cooling component 130. The negative pressure component 170 can generate negative pressure in the cooling component 130 and the distillation furnace 120 to draw the crude cadmium solution in the crude material furnace 160 into the distillation furnace 120, and draw the cadmium vapor generated in the distillation furnace 120 into the cooling component 130 for condensation.

[0041] It is understandable that after cadmium vapor is generated in the distillation furnace 120, due to the increase in pressure in the distillation furnace 120, the cadmium vapor will automatically enter the cooling component 130, at which time the negative pressure component 170 can be shut down; the negative pressure component 170 can provide negative pressure after the pressure in the distillation furnace 120 drops in the later stage, and the remaining cadmium vapor is sucked into the cooling component 130.

[0042] Preferably, the extraction pipe 121 extends into the bottom of the open cavity 161 to ensure the extraction of the crude cadmium solution. At the same time, an extraction valve 122 is provided on the extraction pipe 121, and the extraction valve 122 is used to control the on-off of the extraction pipe 121. In this way, a negative pressure can be formed in the distillation furnace 120 by the negative pressure mechanism, and then the extraction valve 122 is opened to extract the crude cadmium solution into the distillation furnace 120. After the extraction is completed, the extraction valve 122 is closed to prevent the crude cadmium solution from flowing back.

[0043] In one embodiment, the distillation furnace 120 has a distillation chamber 123 and a waste outlet connected to the distillation chamber 123. The extraction pipe 121 and the cooling component 130 are both connected to the distillation chamber 123. The extraction channel extracts the crude cadmium solution into the distillation chamber 123. The distillation furnace 120 heats the crude cadmium solution to generate cadmium vapor. The cadmium vapor enters the cooling component 130, and the remaining impurities can be discharged through the waste outlet.

[0044] Furthermore, the purification system also includes a waste valve 124, which is arranged at the waste outlet and is used to open and close the waste outlet.

[0045] Specific to Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the waste outlet is located at the bottom of the distillation chamber 123 , the cooling assembly 130 is connected to the top of the distillation chamber 123 , and the extraction channel is connected to the side wall of the distillation chamber 123 .

[0046] In one embodiment, the purification system further includes a weight detector 125, and the distillation furnace 120 is supported on the weight detector 125, so as to detect the volume of the crude cadmium solution input into the distillation furnace 120 through the weight detector 125, thereby judging the liquid level height of the distillation furnace 120 according to the volume, and ensuring that the crude cadmium solution in the distillation furnace 120 evaporates within a suitable liquid level range. It can be determined that the main component of the crude cadmium solution is cadmium, and the impurity components are known, and the density of the crude cadmium solution can be estimated by experimental calculation or other methods, and then the volume of the crude cadmium solution can be calculated according to the density and weight.

[0047] In one embodiment, the cooling assembly 130 includes a first condenser 131, one end of which is connected to the distillation furnace 120, and the other end of which extends toward the ingot casting machine 140, and the height of the first condenser 131 gradually decreases from the end connected to the distillation furnace 120 to the other end, thereby ensuring that the cadmium vapor can flow to the ingot casting machine 140 after condensing into a refined cadmium solution. The negative pressure assembly 170 is connected to the end of the first condenser 131 close to the ingot casting machine 140, so as to generate negative pressure in the first condenser 131 while being away from the distillation furnace 120, ensuring that the cadmium vapor condenses into liquid in the first condenser 131, and preventing the negative pressure assembly 170 from inhaling the cadmium vapor.

[0048] Furthermore, the cooling assembly 130 further includes a second condenser tube 132, which is tilted relative to the horizontal direction, and the bottom end of the second condenser tube 132 is connected to the first condenser tube 131, and the negative pressure assembly 170 is connected to the top end of the second condenser tube 132. In this way, when the negative pressure assembly 170 generates negative pressure in the second condenser tube 132, the cadmium vapor passes through a part of the first condenser tube 131 and the second condenser tube 132 in sequence, and the travel is relatively long, which can ensure that the cadmium vapor condenses into liquid, and then flows along the second condenser tube 132 and the first condenser tube 131 to the ingot casting machine 140.

[0049] Furthermore, the cooling assembly 130 further includes a condensation valve 133, which is disposed on the first condensation pipe 131 and is located at one end of the first condensation pipe 131 away from the distillation furnace 120 to control the on-off of the first condensation pipe 131. In this way, when it is necessary to extract the crude cadmium solution in the crude material furnace 160 to the distillation furnace 120, the condensation valve 133 is closed to ensure that a negative pressure is generated in the distillation furnace 120. In addition, as described above, when the residual cadmium vapor in the distillation furnace 120 is extracted, the condensation valve 133 may not be closed, as long as a negative pressure is formed in the first condensation pipe 131 to adsorb the residual cadmium vapor.

[0050] Preferably, the second condensation pipe 132 extends in a vertical direction.

[0051] In one embodiment, the purification system also includes a casting furnace 180, which is arranged between the distillation furnace 120 and the ingot casting machine 140. The cooling component 130 is connected to the pouring machine for inputting the refined cadmium solution into the casting machine, and then inputting the refined cadmium solution into the ingot casting machine 140 through the casting furnace 180.

[0052] It should be explained that the casting furnace 180 can heat the refined cadmium solution so that the refined cadmium solution remains in a liquid state, thereby facilitating the subsequent casting into ingots. Of course, in the above embodiment, the refined cadmium solution can also be directly input into the ingot casting machine 140 through the cooling component 130, but the cooling component 130 needs to condense the cadmium vapor to form a refined cadmium solution before outputting it. Its output efficiency is related to the cadmium vapor generation efficiency and the cadmium vapor condensation efficiency in the distillation furnace 120, and the output efficiency is low, resulting in the refined cadmium solution that first enters the ingot casting machine 140 during the transportation process has solidified, affecting the quality of the high-purity cadmium ingot.

[0053] Furthermore, the casting furnace 180 includes a casting cavity 181 and a casting port connected to the casting cavity 181. One end of the first condenser 131 away from the distillation furnace 120 extends into the casting cavity 181 to transport the refined cadmium solution to the casting cavity 181. A casting valve 182 is also provided at the casting port of the casting furnace 180. The casting valve 182 is used to open and close the casting port. After a sufficient amount of refined cadmium solution is stored in the casting cavity 181, the casting valve 182 is opened to transport the refined cadmium solution to the ingot casting machine 140 for ingot casting, thereby ensuring the quality of the formed high-purity cadmium ingot.

[0054] In one embodiment, the negative pressure component 170 includes a vacuum pump 171, a negative pressure tank 172 and a negative pressure pipe 173. The vacuum pump 171 is connected to the negative pressure tank 172 for generating negative pressure in the negative pressure tank 172. The negative pressure tank 172 is connected to the second condenser 132 through the negative pressure pipe 173, thereby generating negative pressure in the cooling component 130 and the distillation furnace 120.

[0055] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this application, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The workflow of the purification system in the above embodiment is described:

[0056] Initially, all the above valves are in a closed state. The mixed material is fed into the smelting furnace 110 through the vacuum feeder 152, and then the smelting furnace 110 is started and heated to 500-600°C, and the stirring mechanism 111 is turned on for stirring, so that the mixed material is fully mixed and uniform, and the crude cadmium solution and the alkali byproduct are separated during the stirring process. After the reduction is completed, the discharge valve 113 is opened to discharge the crude cadmium solution and the alkali byproduct into the coarse material furnace 160, and the coarse material furnace 160 keeps the crude cadmium solution and the alkali byproduct warm to 500-550°C, and then the alkali byproduct is fished out. Next, the vacuum pump 171 is turned on to draw a negative pressure into the distillation chamber 123, and then the extraction valve 122 is opened, and the crude cadmium solution in the coarse material furnace 160 is drawn into the distillation chamber 123 through the extraction pipe 121, and the extraction valve 122 and the vacuum pump 171 are closed after the extraction is completed. The condensation valve 133 is opened, and the distillation furnace 120 is heated to 550-650°C. The cadmium in the crude cadmium solution forms cadmium vapor, which enters the first condensation pipe 131 and the second condensation pipe 132 to condense and form a refined cadmium solution. After the distillation is completed, the waste valve 124 is opened to discharge the waste in the distillation furnace 120. The refined cadmium solution flows into the casting furnace 180 through the first condensation pipe 131. The casting furnace 180 heats the refined cadmium solution to 350-400°C, and then opens the casting valve 182 to cast the refined cadmium solution into the ingot casting machine 140. After the refined cadmium solution is cooled, a high-purity cadmium ingot is formed.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A purification system, characterized in that: include: A smelting furnace is used to smelt the mixed material to produce a crude solution and solid impurities; a distillation furnace, disposed downstream of the smelting furnace, for obtaining the crude solution and heating the crude solution to generate material steam; A cooling component, connected to the distillation furnace, for obtaining the material vapor and cooling the material vapor into a refined solution; An ingot casting machine is arranged downstream of the cooling assembly, and the ingot casting machine is capable of obtaining the refined solution and preparing the refined solution into high-purity ingots.

2. The purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a feeding mechanism, which is connected to the smelting furnace and is used to input the mixed material into the smelting furnace.

3. The purification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a feeding trough, a vacuum feeder and a feeding pipeline. The feeding trough stores a mixed material. The vacuum feeder is connected to the smelting furnace, and the vacuum feeder is connected to the feeding trough through the feeding pipeline to extract the mixed material in the feeding trough and transport it to the smelting furnace.

4. The purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smelting furnace is also provided with a stirring mechanism, and the stirring mechanism is used for stirring in the smelting furnace.

5. The purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a crude material furnace, which is arranged between the smelting furnace and the distillation furnace and is used to receive the crude solution and the solid impurities. The distillation furnace is communicated with the crude material furnace to obtain the crude solution.

6. The purification system according to claim 5, characterized in that It also includes an extraction pipe and a negative pressure component, one end of the extraction pipe is connected to the distillation furnace, and the other end is connected to the coarse material furnace, the negative pressure component is connected to the cooling component, and the negative pressure component can generate negative pressure in the cooling component and the distillation furnace to draw the crude solution in the coarse material furnace into the distillation furnace, and draw the material vapor in the distillation furnace into the cooling component.

7. The purification system according to claim 6, characterized in that The cooling assembly includes a first condenser, a second condenser and a condensation valve. One end of the first condenser is connected to the distillation furnace, and the other end extends toward the ingot casting machine. The height of the first condenser gradually decreases from one end connected to the distillation furnace to the other end. The second condenser is inclined relative to the horizontal direction, and the bottom end of the second condenser is connected to the first condenser. The negative pressure assembly is connected to the top end of the second condenser. The condensation valve is arranged on the first condenser and is located at the end of the first condenser away from the distillation furnace.

8. The purification system according to claim 6, characterized in that The distillation furnace has a distillation chamber and a waste outlet connected to the distillation chamber, and the extraction pipeline and the cooling assembly are both connected to the distillation chamber; The purification system is also provided with a waste discharge valve, which is arranged at the waste discharge port.

9. The purification system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A weight detector is also included, and the distillation furnace is supported on the weight detector.

10. The purification system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The invention also includes a casting furnace, wherein the cooling assembly is in communication with the casting furnace, and the ingot casting machine is disposed downstream of the casting furnace.

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