Sunlight azimuth angle detection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of solar cells, and discloses a sunlight azimuth angle detection device which comprises a box body structure, an azimuth detection piece and an information collection device, the box body structure is a lightproof structure and comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a side plate connected between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the information collection device is arranged on the top plate and the bottom plate. A plurality of incidence holes penetrating through the thickness direction of the top plate are formed in the top plate, and when sunlight irradiates the box body structure, any incidence hole is used for being projected on the bottom plate to form light spots; the azimuth detection part is horizontally arranged in the box body structure and is used for identifying the north-south direction; and the information collection device is used for collecting feature parameters of the light spots and azimuth information in the north-south direction. The detection device can obtain the azimuth angle of the sunlight in time, and can ensure the accuracy of the measured data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a detection device for the azimuth of sunlight. Background Art

[0002] The amount of solar power generated is closely related to the azimuth of sunlight. Due to the revolution and rotation of the earth, the azimuth of sunlight is constantly changing. In order to better arrange photovoltaic modules to obtain better power generation efficiency, it is necessary to obtain relevant parameters of solar radiation in a timely manner.

[0003] At present, theoretical calculations and traditional measuring instruments are often used to obtain azimuth information. However, theoretical calculations are limited by factors such as weather and geography, making it difficult to obtain measurement data in a timely and accurate manner. Traditional measuring instruments use human eye judgment methods, and the data measured is less accurate and difficult to effectively reflect the azimuth information of sunlight. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiment of the utility model discloses a device for detecting the azimuth of sunlight, which can obtain the azimuth of sunlight in a timely manner and ensure the accuracy of the measured data.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a device for detecting the azimuth angle of sunlight, the detection device comprising:

[0006] A box structure, the box structure is a light-proof structure, comprising a top plate, a bottom plate, and a side plate connected between the top plate and the bottom plate, wherein the top plate is provided with a plurality of incident holes passing through the thickness direction of the top plate, and when sunlight irradiates the box structure, any of the incident holes is used to project light onto the bottom plate to form a light spot;

[0007] An orientation detection member, which is horizontally arranged in the box structure and is used to identify the north-south direction;

[0008] An information collection device is used to collect characteristic parameters of the light spot and the azimuth information in the north-south direction.

[0009] Further, the plurality of incident holes are arranged in a ring around the center of the top plate, and the plurality of incident holes are divided into a first group of incident holes and a second group of incident holes, and the first group of incident holes is centrally symmetrical to the second group of incident holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the orientation detection component is a compass magnetic strip, and a first identification line and a second identification line perpendicular to each other are also provided on a surface of one side of the bottom plate close to the top plate, and the compass magnetic strip is installed at the intersection of the first identification line and the second identification line.

[0011] Furthermore, a marking point is provided on the surface of the bottom plate on one side close to the top plate, and the marking point is configured as the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate when the sunlight is incident vertically;

[0012] The information collection device includes a camera, which is arranged on a side of the top plate close to the bottom plate. The camera is used to obtain the orientation information and the characteristic parameter, and the characteristic parameter is the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate.

[0013] Furthermore, identification marks are provided on the marking points and the compass magnetic strip, and the identification marks are used for the camera to take pictures when the sunlight is weak.

[0014] Further, the setting position of the camera corresponds to the position of the center of the top plate, and the intersection of the first identification line and the second identification line corresponds to the center.

[0015] Furthermore, the material of the bottom plate is a heat-absorbing material, and the heat-absorbing material is used to absorb the heat of the light spot; the information collection device also includes an infrared imager and a camera, and the infrared imager and the camera are both arranged on a side surface of the top plate close to the bottom plate, the infrared imager is used to collect the characteristic parameters, and the characteristic parameters are the heat information of the light spot, and the camera is used to collect the orientation information.

[0016] Furthermore, the information collection device includes a thin-film photovoltaic cell and a camera, the thin-film photovoltaic cell is arranged on a side surface of the bottom plate close to the top plate, and the camera is arranged on a side surface of the top plate close to the bottom plate. When the light spot is located on the thin-film photovoltaic cell, the thin-film photovoltaic cell is used to collect the characteristic parameter, which is the irradiation information of the light spot, and the camera is used to collect the orientation information.

[0017] Further, a level detector is provided on the side of the top plate facing away from the bottom plate, and the level detector is used to measure the levelness of the box structure compared to the placement surface; and / or,

[0018] A display screen is arranged on the side of the top plate facing away from the bottom plate, and the display screen is used to display the azimuth of the sunlight.

[0019] Furthermore, a storage battery is provided in the detection device, and the storage battery is used to supply power to the information collection device; and / or,

[0020] The detection device is also connected to a photovoltaic direct drive device, and the photovoltaic direct drive device is used to supply power to the information collection device.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application include:

[0022] The present application provides a detection device for the azimuth of sunlight, the detection device includes a box structure, an azimuth detection part and an information collection device, wherein in order to ensure the effectiveness of the detection device receiving sunlight, the box structure is a light-proof structure composed of a top plate, a bottom plate and a side plate, and a plurality of incident holes passing through the thickness direction of the top plate are arranged on the top plate, when sunlight irradiates the box structure, any incident hole is used to project on the bottom plate to form a light spot. In other words, the light-proof box structure helps the incident hole to project the light spot, and can effectively ensure the structural integrity of the formed light spot, so as to ensure the accuracy of the measured azimuth. Among them, the azimuth detection part is horizontally arranged in the box structure for identifying the north-south direction. In addition, the information collection device is used to collect the characteristic parameters of the light spot and the azimuth information of the north-south direction, so as to obtain the azimuth of sunlight according to the characteristic parameters and the azimuth information. The detection device provided by the present application has a simple structure, convenient measurement, can measure the azimuth information of sunlight at any time, and can avoid the judgment error of the human eye, so as to ensure that the measured data has a high accuracy, and helps to improve the efficiency of the test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a box structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the incident hole provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate of the box structure when sunlight is vertically incident, provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate of the box structure when the sunlight is not incident vertically provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 The embodiment of this application provides Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the angle between the compass magnetic stripe and the second identification line and the angle between the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate and the second identification line;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the angle between the compass magnetic stripe and the second identification line and the angle between the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate and the second identification line when K1×K2<0 provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the angle between the compass magnetic stripe and the second identification line and the angle between the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate and the second identification line when K1×K2<0 provided in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the angle between the compass magnetic stripe and the second identification line and the angle between the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate and the second identification line when K1×K2>0 provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the angle between the compass magnetic stripe and the second identification line and the angle between the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate and the second identification line when K1×K2>0 provided in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the angle between the compass magnetic stripe and the second identification line and the angle between the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate and the second identification line when K1×K2>0 provided in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the angle between the compass magnetic stripe and the second identification line and the angle between the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate and the second identification line when K1×K2=0 provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the angle between the compass magnetic stripe and the second identification line and the angle between the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate and the second identification line when K1×K2=0 provided in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the angle between the compass magnetic stripe and the second identification line and the angle between the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate and the second identification line when K1×K2=0 provided in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the angle between the compass magnetic stripe and the second marking line and the angle between the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate and the second marking line when K1×K2=0 provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Icons: 1. Box structure; 11. Incident hole; 111. First group of incident holes; 112. Second group of incident holes; 1111. Light spot; 2. Azimuth detection element; 3. Information collection device; 41. Second identification line; 42. First identification line; 5. Marking point; 6. Level detector; 7. Display screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0041] In the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present invention and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0042] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and quantity of the indicated devices, elements or components. Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0044] The technical solution provided by the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings.

[0045] With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the development of social economy and the depletion of conventional resources, solar energy is currently the cleanest, most environmentally friendly and inexhaustible energy. It is a better alternative for mankind to solve fossil energy consumption, environmental pollution and greenhouse effect. It is widely used in power generation, lighting, heating, heat collection and other fields.

[0046] The amount of solar power generated is closely related to the azimuth of the sun. Due to the revolution and rotation of the earth, the azimuth of the sun is constantly changing. In order for photovoltaic modules and heliostats to achieve better power generation efficiency, it is necessary to obtain solar radiation related parameters in a timely manner.

[0047] At present, the solar azimuth can be obtained by astronomical calculation methods. By judging the position of the sun's sunrise and sunset, the size of the azimuth can be calculated. However, this method is limited by factors such as weather conditions and altitude. It is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of sunrise and sunset judgments, and the solar azimuth information cannot be obtained at any time. In addition, the azimuth information can also be determined by using a compass. After pointing the compass to the south, the transmission direction of the light is observed to read the azimuth of the sunlight. However, in actual testing, it is difficult to ensure that the compass is accurately pointed to the south, resulting in poor accuracy of the data obtained.

[0048] Based on the above problems, the present application provides a device for detecting the azimuth of sunlight. By using this detection device, not only the azimuth of sunlight can be obtained in a timely manner, but also the accuracy of the measured data can be guaranteed.

[0049] The first aspect, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application discloses a device for detecting the azimuth angle of sunlight, and the detection device includes:

[0050] The box structure 1 is a light-proof structure, comprising a top plate, a bottom plate, and a side plate connected between the top plate and the bottom plate, wherein a plurality of incident holes 11 passing through the thickness direction of the top plate are arranged on the top plate, and when sunlight irradiates the box structure 1, any incident hole 11 is used to project light onto the bottom plate to form a light spot 1111;

[0051] A direction detection component 2, which is horizontally arranged in the box structure 1 and is used to identify the north-south direction;

[0052] Information collecting device 3, information collecting device 3 is used to collect characteristic parameters of light spot 1111 and azimuth information in the north-south direction.

[0053] The detection device of the sunlight azimuth of the present application includes a box structure 1, an azimuth detection component 2 and an information collection device 3, wherein the box structure 1 is a light-proof structure composed of a top plate, a bottom plate and a side plate connected between the top plate and the bottom plate, and a plurality of incident holes 11 passing through the thickness direction of the top plate are arranged on the top plate. When sunlight irradiates the box structure 1, any incident hole 11 is projected onto the bottom plate to form a light spot 1111. Therefore, the light-proof structure is adopted to ensure that sunlight can be effectively projected onto the bottom plate, and the structural integrity of the formed light spot 1111 is high, thereby facilitating the information collection device 3 to collect the characteristic parameters of the light spot 1111 and ensuring the accuracy of the characteristic parameters of the light spot 1111 obtained subsequently. In addition, the detection device also includes an azimuth detection component 2, which is horizontally arranged in the box structure 1, and the horizontal arrangement makes the accuracy of the north-south direction detected by the azimuth detection component 2 accurate. Therefore, the azimuth information of the sunlight can be obtained according to the characteristic parameters of the light spot 1111 collected by the information collection device 3 and the azimuth information in the north-south direction. The detection device provided in the present application has a simple structure and high measurement convenience, avoiding errors caused by human eye judgment. It can not only measure the azimuth information of the sunlight at any time, but also ensure that the measured data has high accuracy, and help to improve the efficiency of the test.

[0054] It should be noted that the characteristic parameters of the light spot 1111 in the present application include the irradiation information of the light spot 1111, the position information of the light spot 1111 formed by the projection of the incident hole 11 on the base plate, the heat information of the light spot 1111, etc. Different characteristic parameters can be collected by different information collection devices 3.

[0055] In addition, in order to further ensure that the incident holes 11 of the present application can be effectively projected on the bottom plate, and the shape of the projected light spot 1111 has a high degree of integrity, and reduce the difficulty of collecting information by the information collection device 3, the material of the bottom plate of the present application is a material with a diffuse reflection effect. In addition, the more incident holes 11 there are, the higher the accuracy of the measured data.

[0056] In addition, the top and bottom plates of the box structure 1 of the present application are flat-plate structures and are parallel to the ground, thereby ensuring that there is no angle deviation when the sunlight is incident, and ensuring the integrity of the obtained light spot information. The side plates can be arc-shaped or flat-plate structures. The box structure 1 is a cube structure, a rectangular structure, a cylindrical structure, a prism structure, etc. The present application does not limit the type of the box structure 1, as long as it can achieve the effect of the present application. Among them, if Figure 1As shown, when a rectangular parallelepiped structure is adopted, the top plate and the bottom plate are 15cm×15cm squares, the height is 5cm cube, and the diameter of the incident hole 11 is 1mm~3mm. When this structure is adopted, the structure of the detection device is light, which helps to reduce the difficulty of transferring the detection device, and the manufacturing cost is low, and it can be used for large-scale production applications; Figure 2 As shown, when the box structure 1 is a cylindrical structure, compared with a cubic structure, the box structure occupies a relatively small area and has a lighter structure.

[0057] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of incident holes 11 are arranged in a ring around the center of the top plate, and the plurality of incident holes 11 are divided into a first group of incident holes 111 and a second group of incident holes 112, and the first group of incident holes 111 is centrally symmetrical to the second group of incident holes 112. The above-mentioned structural setting is helpful to reduce the measurement error, increase the measurement range, and ensure the validity and accuracy of the characteristic parameters of the measured light spot 1111.

[0058] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, the orientation detection member 2 is a compass magnetic strip, and the surface of one side of the bottom plate close to the top plate is also provided with a first identification line 42 and a second identification line 41 which are perpendicular to each other, and a compass magnetic strip is installed at the intersection of the first identification line 42 and the second identification line 41. The orientation information of the present application is the angle θ1 between the rotation direction of the compass and the second marking line, and the orientation information can be directly obtained by setting the perpendicular identification lines, which helps to reduce the difficulty of obtaining the orientation information and improve the accuracy of the test.

[0059] In a first optional implementation, if Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a marking point 5 is provided on the surface of the bottom plate near the top plate, and the marking point 5 is configured as the projection position of the incident hole 11 on the bottom plate when the sunlight is incident vertically;

[0060] The information collecting device 3 comprises a camera, which is arranged on a side of the top plate close to the bottom plate. The camera is used to obtain orientation information and characteristic parameters, wherein the characteristic parameters are the projection position of the incident hole 11 on the bottom plate.

[0061] Since the sunlight has different directions in different time periods, the position of the projection of the incident hole 11 on the base plate changes in different time periods. Therefore, the angle θ2 between the projection position of one of the incident holes 11 on the base plate and its corresponding marking point 5 can be used to obtain the azimuth of the sunlight, and the angle θ2 refers to the angle of the line connecting the projection position and the marking point 5 relative to the second marking line.

[0062] In addition, the information collection device 3 of the present application is connected to the information processing system, and the azimuth of the sunlight can be obtained by processing and calculating the characteristic parameters and azimuth information of the obtained light spot 1111 using the system. Specifically, the information processing system includes a visual analysis system, when the sunlight is projected onto the bottom plate through the incident hole 11 to form the light spot 1111, the camera takes a picture of the projection position of the incident hole 11 on the bottom plate relative to the position of the marking point 5 and the deflection angle of the compass magnetic strip relative to the second marking line 41 and transmits it to the visual analysis system, and compares the photographed picture with the reference image in the visual analysis system, selects the data closest to the photographed picture and the stored image, and then directly reads the angle θ2 between the projection position of the incident hole 11 on the bottom plate and the marking point 5 and the deflection angle θ1 of the compass magnetic strip relative to the second marking line 41, and calculates the azimuth of the sunlight according to the angle θ2 between the incident hole 11 and the corresponding marking point and the deflection angle θ1 of the compass magnetic strip relative to the second marking line 41.

[0063] In addition, the calculation method of the solar azimuth angle of the present application is calculated based on the angle values ​​of θ1 and θ2, and the slope value K1 corresponding to θ1 and the slope value K2 corresponding to θ2. Specifically: when K1×K2<0, where, Figure 7 As shown in the figure, when K1>0 and K2<0, the calculation formula of the azimuth angle is 180-(θ2+θ1); Figure 8 As shown, when K1<0, K2>0, the calculation formula of the azimuth angle is 180+(θ2+θ1). When K1×K2>0, Fig. 9 As shown in , K1>0, K2>0, and θ2>θ1, the calculation formula of the azimuth angle is 180+(θ2-θ1); Fig.10 As shown in , K1>0, K2>0, and θ2<θ1, the calculation formula of the azimuth angle is 180-(θ1-θ2); Figure 6 As shown, K1<0, K2<0, and θ2>θ1, the calculation formula of the azimuth angle is 180-(θ2-θ1); Fig.11 As shown, K1<0, K2<0, and θ2<θ1, the calculation formula of the azimuth angle is 180+(θ1-θ2). When K1×K2=0, Fig.12 As shown, when K2<0, the calculation formula of the azimuth angle is 180-θ2, as Fig.13 As shown, when K2>0, the calculation formula of the azimuth angle is 180+θ2; Fig.14 As shown in the figure, when K1>0, the calculation formula of the azimuth angle is 180+θ1; Fig.15 As shown, when K1<0, the calculation formula of the azimuth angle is 180-θ1.

[0064] The reference image includes the angle θ2 of the projection position of the incident hole 11 on the bottom plate relative to the marking point 5 under different sunlight illumination, and the angle θ1 of the deflection of the compass magnetic strip relative to the second marking line 41 .

[0065] In addition, in order to further facilitate the camera to obtain pictures, identification marks are set on the marking point 5 and the compass magnetic strip, and the identification marks are used for the camera to take pictures when the sunlight is weak. Among them, the identification marks include fluorescent stickers, reflective marks, phosphorescent marks, etc.

[0066] Furthermore, the camera is set at a position corresponding to the center of the top plate, and the intersection of the first identification line 42 and the second identification line 41 corresponds to the center. The camera, the compass magnetic strip, and the entrance hole 11 are all set at the center of the top plate, which helps to reduce the difficulty of camera shooting and can reduce the distortion of the picture taken due to the offset of the shooting angle, which is not conducive to accurately obtaining the azimuth of the sunlight.

[0067] The center of the top plate refers to the middle position of the top plate. If the top plate is a square, the center refers to the intersection of the diagonals of the square. If the top plate is a circle, the center refers to the position of the center of the circle.

[0068] In a second optional embodiment, the material of the bottom plate is a heat-absorbing material, which is used to absorb the heat of the light spot 1111; the information collection device 3 also includes an infrared imager and a camera, which are both arranged on one side surface of the top plate close to the bottom plate, the infrared imager is used to collect characteristic parameters, which are the heat information of the light spot 1111, and the camera is used to collect orientation information.

[0069] In a third optional embodiment, the information collection device 3 includes a thin-film photovoltaic cell and a camera. The thin-film photovoltaic cell is arranged on a side surface of the bottom plate close to the top plate, and the camera is arranged on a side surface of the top plate close to the bottom plate. When the light spot 1111 is located on the thin-film photovoltaic cell, the thin-film photovoltaic cell is used to collect characteristic parameters, which are the irradiation information of the light spot 1111, and the camera is used to collect orientation information.

[0070] The information processing system includes a data center module and a visual analysis system. When the positive and negative voltages of the thin-film photovoltaic cell suddenly change after being exposed to light, the electrical signal is transmitted to the data center module through multi-layer wires. The data center module analyzes the sudden voltage value to locate the light spot 1111, thereby determining the angle θ2 between the projection position of the incident hole 11 on the base plate and the corresponding marking point 5, and comparing the captured image with the reference image in the visual analysis system, selecting the data that is closest to the captured image and the stored image, and then directly reading the angle θ1 of the deflection of the compass magnetic strip relative to the second identification line 41, and according to the angle θ2 between the incident hole 11 and the corresponding identification point and the angle θ1 of the deflection of the compass magnetic strip relative to the second identification line 41, the azimuth of the sunlight is calculated.

[0071] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, in order to ensure the accuracy of the azimuth information detected by the azimuth component and avoid the angular deviation of the sunlight, a horizontal detector 6 is provided on the side of the top plate facing away from the bottom plate. The horizontal detector 6 is used to measure the horizontality of the box structure 1 compared to the placement surface, thereby ensuring that the detection device is placed horizontally on the ground, reducing the detection error, and ensuring the accuracy of the azimuth information obtained by the detection.

[0072] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, a display screen 7 is provided on the side of the top plate facing away from the bottom plate. The display screen 7 is used to display the azimuth of sunlight, which helps to directly read the data of the azimuth of sunlight and improves convenience.

[0073] Furthermore, a storage battery is provided in the detection device, and the storage battery is used to power the information collection device 3; and / or the detection device is also connected to a photovoltaic direct drive device, and the photovoltaic direct drive device is used to power the information collection device 3. Among them, the technology of using a built-in storage battery has a simple structure and a low cost of maintenance and replacement, and the photovoltaic direct drive device realizes the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy, thereby helping to reduce energy consumption.

[0074] The above is a detailed introduction to a sunlight azimuth detection device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the sunlight azimuth detection device. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the azimuth angle of sunlight, characterized in that: The detection device comprises: A box structure, the box structure is a light-proof structure, comprising a top plate, a bottom plate, and a side plate connected between the top plate and the bottom plate, wherein the top plate is provided with a plurality of incident holes passing through the thickness direction of the top plate, and when sunlight irradiates the box structure, any of the incident holes is used to project light onto the bottom plate to form a light spot; An orientation detection member, which is horizontally arranged in the box structure and is used to identify the north-south direction; An information collection device is used to collect characteristic parameters of the light spot and the azimuth information in the north-south direction.

2. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of incident holes are arranged in a ring around the center of the top plate, and the plurality of incident holes are divided into a first group of incident holes and a second group of incident holes, wherein the first group of incident holes is centrally symmetrical to the second group of incident holes.

3. The detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The orientation detection component is a compass magnetic strip, and a first identification line and a second identification line perpendicular to each other are provided on a surface of one side of the bottom plate close to the top plate, and the compass magnetic strip is installed at the intersection of the first identification line and the second identification line.

4. The detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A marking point is arranged on the surface of the bottom plate on one side close to the top plate, and the marking point is configured as the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate when the sunlight is incident vertically; The information collection device includes a camera, which is arranged on a side of the top plate close to the bottom plate. The camera is used to obtain the orientation information and the characteristic parameter, and the characteristic parameter is the projection position of the incident hole on the bottom plate.

5. The detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The marking point and the compass magnetic strip are provided with identification marks, and the identification marks are used for the camera to take pictures when the sunlight is weak.

6. The detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The setting position of the camera corresponds to the position of the center of the top plate, and the intersection of the first identification line and the second identification line corresponds to the center.

7. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the bottom plate is a heat-absorbing material, and the heat-absorbing material is used to absorb the heat of the light spot; the information collection device also includes an infrared imager and a camera, and the infrared imager and the camera are both arranged on a side surface of the top plate close to the bottom plate, the infrared imager is used to collect the characteristic parameters, and the characteristic parameters are the heat information of the light spot, and the camera is used to collect the orientation information.

8. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The information collection device includes a thin-film photovoltaic cell and a camera. The thin-film photovoltaic cell is arranged on a side surface of the bottom plate close to the top plate, and the camera is arranged on a side surface of the top plate close to the bottom plate. When the light spot is located on the thin-film photovoltaic cell, the thin-film photovoltaic cell is used to collect the characteristic parameter, which is the irradiation information of the light spot, and the camera is used to collect the orientation information.

9. The detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A level detector is provided on the side of the top plate facing away from the bottom plate, and the level detector is used to measure the levelness of the box structure compared to the placement surface; and / or, A display screen is arranged on the side of the top plate facing away from the bottom plate, and the display screen is used to display the azimuth angle of the sunlight.

10. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device is provided with a battery, and the battery is used to supply power to the information collection device; and / or, The detection device is also connected to a photovoltaic direct drive device, and the photovoltaic direct drive device is used to supply power to the information collection device.

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