Roof supporting system for roadway

Abstract

The utility model discloses a roadway roof support system which comprises a roadway and a plurality of support pieces, the roadway comprises a roof, a bottom plate and a side wall, the roof and the bottom plate are oppositely arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, the upper end and the lower end of the side wall are connected with the roof and the bottom plate respectively, and a cutting groove is formed in the roof. The cutting groove is located above a to-be-tunneled coal body in a roadway, the multiple supporting pieces are sequentially arranged in the length direction of the roadway and all installed on the top plate, and at least one supporting piece is arranged in the cutting groove so that the supporting pieces can support the top plate. The roadway roof supporting system has the advantages of being simple in structure, high in supporting capacity and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of underground mine development, in particular to a tunnel roof support system. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel excavation is the prerequisite for coal mining. At present, the serious imbalance of mining and excavation caused by low excavation efficiency, high labor force and low intelligence level seriously restricts the efficient mining of coal in my country. With the gradual depletion of shallow coal resources, the mining depth of coal mines is getting deeper and deeper, and the stress of surrounding rock in the bottom tunnel increases with the increase of mining depth.

[0003] In the relevant technologies, when encountering surrounding rock with water-rich fissures, the roof will collapse and water seepage will be serious, and the problems of deflection and roof collapse will be prominent, which will seriously affect the normal operations such as tunnel excavation and anchor support and the safety of the operators. The time spent on strengthening roof maintenance and anchor support will increase, and it is strictly forbidden to affect the tunnel excavation operation and limit the excavation efficiency and construction safety. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the utility model proposes a tunnel roof support system with high construction efficiency and low cost.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the utility model, a tunnel roof support system includes: a tunnel, the tunnel includes a roof, a bottom plate and a side wall, the roof and the bottom plate are arranged opposite to each other in an up-down direction, and the upper and lower ends of the side wall are respectively connected to the roof and the bottom plate, the roof is provided with a cutting groove, and the cutting groove is located above the coal body to be excavated in the tunnel; a plurality of support members, the plurality of support members are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the tunnel and are all installed on the roof, and at least one support member is arranged in the cutting groove so that the support member supports the roof.

[0007] The tunnel roof support system of the embodiment of the utility model is provided with cutting grooves and support members, and the support members are used to carry out advance support for the roof area to be anchored, thereby enhancing the stability of the roof and improving the properties of the roof surrounding rock. It effectively solves the common problems of roof collapse, water seepage, deflection, and prominent roof collapse in traditional tunnel excavation, significantly improves the tunnel excavation efficiency, and ensures the safety of anchor support construction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the top plate has a grouting hole extending in the up and down direction, and the tunnel top plate support system also includes an anchor rod, the upper end of the anchor rod passes through the support member and is arranged in the grouting hole, and the lower end of the anchor rod is connected to the support member, and the grouting hole and the anchor rod are filled with slurry.

[0009] In some embodiments, the tunnel roof support system further includes a fastener, which is disposed on the anchor rod and abuts against the lower end surface of the support member.

[0010] In some embodiments, the support member is a support plate, and a mounting hole is provided on the support member which penetrates the support member in the up-down direction, the mounting hole is connected to the grouting hole, and the anchor rod passes through the mounting hole and is arranged in the grouting hole.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple mounting holes, which are arranged in multiple rows along the length direction of the support member, and each row includes a number of mounting holes arranged at intervals along the width direction of the support member. There are multiple grouting holes and anchor rods, and the mounting holes and the grouting holes are connected. The anchor rod is provided in at least one of the grouting holes.

[0012] In some embodiments, a first matching portion and a second matching portion are respectively provided on two sides of the support member, and two adjacent support members are connected via the first matching portion and the second matching portion.

[0013] In some embodiments, one of the first matching portion and the second matching portion is a slot, and the other of the first matching portion and the second matching portion is a protrusion.

[0014] In some embodiments, the plurality of support members are arranged in a plurality of rows along the length direction of the lane, and each row includes a plurality of support members arranged in sequence along the width direction of the lane.

[0015] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the support member is coated with an anti-corrosion material.

[0016] In some embodiments, slurry is provided between the support member and the top plate so that the support member is mounted on the top plate through the slurry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tunnel roof support system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support member of the tunnel roof support system of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the support member of the tunnel roof support system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the support components of the tunnel roof support system of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] Tunnel roof support system 100;

[0022] Tunnel 1; roof 11; coal body to be excavated 12; cutting groove 13;

[0023] Support member 2; mounting hole 21; first matching portion 22; second matching portion 23; fastener 3; anchor rod 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] The tunnel roof support system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a tunnel roof support system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a tunnel 1 and a plurality of support members 2 .

[0027] The tunnel 1 includes a roof 11, a bottom plate and side walls. The roof 11 and the bottom plate are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower ends of the side walls are connected to the roof 11 and the bottom plate respectively. The roof 11 is provided with a cutting groove 13, and the cutting groove 13 is located above the coal body 12 to be excavated in the tunnel 1. Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the side wall includes a front side wall and a rear side wall, the upper and lower ends of the front side wall are respectively connected to the front side of the roof 11 and the front side of the bottom plate, and the upper and lower ends of the rear side wall are respectively connected to the rear side of the roof 11 and the rear side of the bottom plate, so that the tunnel 1 forms a closed area, and the cutting groove 13 is a horizontal groove and is located between the coal body 12 to be excavated and the roof 11.

[0028] A plurality of support members 2 are arranged along the length direction of the tunnel 1 (eg Figure 1 The left and right directions shown in the figure are arranged in sequence and are all installed on the top plate 11, and at least one support member 2 is arranged in the cutting groove 13 so that the support member 2 supports the top plate 11. Specifically, as Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of support members 2 are sequentially arranged along the left-right direction and fixedly mounted on the roof 11 to support and protect the roof 11 of the tunnel 1, and at least one support member 2 is arranged in the cutting groove 13 to effectively support the top of the coal body 12 to be excavated to prevent deformation or collapse of the roof 11 due to external force when excavating the coal body.

[0029] The tunnel roof support system 100 of the embodiment of the utility model is provided with a cutting groove 13 and a support member 2. The support member 2 supports the area of ​​the coal body 12 to be excavated, so as to perform advance support on the coal body 12 to be excavated. The problems of sinking, deflection, and roof collapse of the roof 11 and deformation of the surrounding rock can be effectively controlled. The support member 2 can replace the metal mesh, reduce the mesh laying construction process, reduce the construction time, improve the stability of the support, and ensure the personal safety of the operators.

[0030] In some embodiments, the top plate 11 has a grouting hole extending in the up and down direction (not shown in the figure), and the tunnel top plate support system 100 also includes an anchor rod 4, the upper end of the anchor rod 4 passes through the support member 2 and is arranged in the grouting hole, and the lower end of the anchor rod 4 is connected to the support member 2, and the grouting hole and the anchor rod 4 are filled with slurry. Specifically, a grouting hole is provided on the top plate 11, and the top plate 11 is accurately drilled using an integrated drill-anchor anchor rod 4 through the support member 2 to ensure that the drilling path is accurate and to avoid unnecessary damage to the surrounding rock formations. The diameter of the borehole should be slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor rod 4 to ensure that the anchor rod 4 can be smoothly inserted. After the drilling is completed, cement slurry or other solidifying materials are injected to fill the borehole and the gaps around the borehole between the anchor rod 4 to enhance the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock. The grouting pressure should be moderate to ensure that the slurry is fully filled without causing excessive pressure on the surrounding rock to affect its stability. After the anchor rod 4 is installed, it is pre-tightened by a nut or other fastener 3 to ensure that the anchor rod 4 is firmly fixed in the surrounding rock of the top plate 11 to improve the stability of the top plate 11.

[0031] In some embodiments, the tunnel roof support system 100 further includes a fastener 3, which is disposed on the anchor rod 4 and abuts against the lower end surface of the support member 2. Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the fastener 3 can be a nut and cooperates with the lower thread of the anchor rod 4. The fastener 3 is located below the support member 2 and is against the support member 2. The pre-tightening force is applied by the fastener 3 to firmly fix the support member 2 on the top plate 11, thereby preventing the top plate 11 from deforming or collapsing under the action of external pressure.

[0032] In some embodiments, the support member 2 is a support plate, and a mounting hole 21 is provided on the support member 2 that passes through the support member 2 in the up-down direction. The mounting hole 21 is connected to the grouting hole, and the anchor rod 4 passes through the mounting hole 21 and is arranged in the grouting hole. Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the support plate is a horizontal protective plate with sufficient strength and rigidity and extending in the front-to-back direction. The support plate can be fixedly installed in the cutting groove 13, so as to provide effective support between the top plate 11 of the tunnel 1 and the coal body 12 to be excavated. A plurality of mounting holes 21 penetrating in the up-down direction are provided on the support plate. The mounting holes 21 and the grouting holes are arranged opposite to each other in the up-down direction and the mounting holes 21 and the grouting holes are connected, ensuring that the anchor rod 4 can smoothly pass through the mounting holes 21 and be penetrated in the grouting holes.

[0033] In some embodiments, there are multiple mounting holes 21, which are arranged in multiple rows along the length direction of the support member 2, each row includes a plurality of mounting holes 21 arranged in a spaced relationship along the width direction of the support member 2, and there are multiple grouting holes and anchor rods 4. The mounting holes 21 are connected to the grouting holes, and at least one grouting hole is provided with an anchor rod 4. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple mounting holes 21 on the support member 2, and the mounting holes 21 are arranged in multiple rows along the left-right direction, and each row includes a plurality of mounting holes 21 arranged along the front-back direction. The layout of multiple mounting holes 21 ensures that the anchor rods 4 and the grouting holes are evenly distributed on the top plate 11 of the tunnel 1, providing a wider support range and enhancing the overall stability of the top plate 11.

[0034] In some embodiments, a first matching portion 22 and a second matching portion 23 are respectively provided on both sides of the support member 2, and two adjacent support members 2 are connected via the first matching portion 22 and the second matching portion 23. Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, a first matching portion 22 is provided on the left side of the support member 2 and extends in the front-to-back direction, a first matching portion 22 is provided on the front side of the support member 2 and extends in the left-to-right direction, a second matching portion 23 is provided on the right side of the support member 2 and extends in the front-to-back direction, and a second matching portion 23 is provided on the rear side of the support member 2 and extends in the left-to-right direction. Thus, two adjacent support members 2 can be connected into a whole through the first matching portion 22 and the second matching portion 23 to increase the supporting length of the support member 2, thereby realizing the support of a tunnel 1 of any length.

[0035] In some embodiments, one of the first matching portion 22 and the second matching portion 23 is a slot, and the other of the first matching portion 22 and the second matching portion 23 is a protrusion. Figure 2 As shown, the first matching part 22 and the second matching part 23 can be set according to actual conditions, for example: the first matching part 22 is a card slot, the second matching part 23 is a card convex, or the first matching part 22 is a card convex, and the second matching part 23 is a card slot, and the shapes of the card slot and the card convex can be adjusted according to the specific application scenario. The shapes of the card slot and the card convex include but are not limited to rectangle, circle, ellipse, etc. Thus, a mechanical connection structure is formed by the close fit of the card slot and the card convex, which ensures the firm connection between the two adjacent support members 2, enhances the overall support effect, and improves the stability of the system.

[0036] In some embodiments, a plurality of support members 2 are arranged in a plurality of rows along the length direction of the lane 1, and each row includes a plurality of support members 2 arranged in sequence along the width direction of the lane 1. Specifically, Figure 1As shown, multiple support members 2 are arranged in sequence along the left-right direction, and each row is arranged in sequence along the front-back direction. By arranging multiple support members 2 in sequence along the front-back, left-right directions, it is ensured that multiple support members 2 can cover the entire length of the tunnel 1 to form a complete support system.

[0037] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the support member 2 is coated with an anti-corrosion material. Specifically, according to the specific environmental conditions of the tunnel 1 (such as humidity, temperature, chemical corrosion, etc.), a suitable anti-corrosion material is selected, such as epoxy resin, polyurethane coating, zinc-based coating, etc., thereby increasing the service life of the support member 2, reducing the maintenance and replacement frequency of the support member 2 due to corrosion, and reducing the maintenance cost of the tunnel 1 support.

[0038] In some embodiments, grout is provided between the support member 2 and the top plate 11 so that the support member 2 is installed on the top plate 11 through the grout. Specifically, the grouting material can be cement grout or other solidifying materials and fill the gap between the upper end surface of the support member 2 and the lower end surface of the cutting groove 13, ensuring that the support member 2 and the cutting groove 13 are tightly combined to form a whole, thereby improving the surrounding rock characteristics, enhancing the stability of the support member 2 in the cutting groove 13, fixing the support member 2 and the surrounding rock together, and enhancing the support effect.

[0039] The supporting steps of the tunnel roof supporting system 100 according to the embodiment of the utility model are described in detail below:

[0040] S1: Conduct geological survey on the tunnel 1 to be excavated to determine the excavation position of tunnel 1 and the cross-sectional shape and size of tunnel 1.

[0041] S2: According to the surrounding rock characteristics of tunnel 1, as well as the cross-sectional shape and size of tunnel 1, the cutting trajectory of the cutting head of the tunnel boring machine is set for the first time.

[0042] S3: The cutting trajectory of the tunnel boring machine's cutting head is divided into two parts. The first cutting trajectory of the cutting head is the cutting trajectory of the cross-sectional contour of tunnel 1, and its function is to cut out the cross-sectional contour of tunnel 1. The cutting groove 13 obtained by the first cutting is prepared for the subsequent installation of the support member 2; the second cutting trajectory of the cutting head is the cutting trajectory of the full section of tunnel 1, and its function is to cut all coal bodies (that is, the coal body 12 to be excavated) within the range defined by the cross-sectional contour of tunnel 1 and the supporting components after the support of the support member 2 is completed, and to excavate the complete section of tunnel 1 to form tunnel 1.

[0043] S4: Positioning the section of the tunnel 1 to be excavated, performing the first tunnel 1 section contour cutting through the positioning point, and cutting out the tunnel 1 section contour cutting groove 13.

[0044] S5: withdraw the cutting head, lay the support member 2, and form the first support of the tunnel 1. The support members 2 are connected to each other to form a complete support layer on the surface of the surrounding rock of the tunnel 1, and the surface of the surrounding rock of the tunnel 1 is wrapped to prevent problems such as deviation and roof collapse.

[0045] It is worth noting that: in order to ensure the supporting effect of the support member 2, grouting operation can be performed between the support member 2 and the cross-section cutting groove 13 of the tunnel 1 to improve the surrounding rock characteristics, fix the support member 2 and the surrounding rock together, and enhance the supporting effect.

[0046] S6: Adjust the cutting head and set the cutting trajectory of the tunnel boring machine cutting head for the second time.

[0047] S7: The second tunnel section cutting is carried out by excavating in the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel 1 where the support member 2 is laid, and the complete cross-section of the tunnel 1 is excavated to form the tunnel 1.

[0048] S8: The support members 2 are connected via the first matching portion 22 and the second matching portion 23, so that the multiple support members 2 are connected as a whole.

[0049] S9: After the tunnel 1 section is excavated, the integrated anchor rod 4 matched with the support 2 is used to drill, grout, pre-tighten and other anchoring support operations through the mounting hole 21 of the support 2. Alternatively, a common anchor rod 4 is used, and a drill rod is used to drill through the mounting hole 21 of the support 2, and the drill rod is withdrawn, and the anchor rod 4 is inserted to perform anchoring operations such as grouting and pre-tightening of the anchor rod 4; or an anchoring agent is used, and after the drill rod is withdrawn, the anchoring agent is inserted into the borehole, and the anchor rod 4 is installed, and anchoring operations such as stirring and pre-tightening are performed.

[0050] The tunnel roof support system 100 of the embodiment of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0051] 1. By first cutting out the cutting groove 13 of the cross-section contour of the tunnel 1, the deformation of the surrounding rock is controlled by the support member 2, and the problems of deflection and roof collapse are controlled, and it can be ensured that the tunneling head can perform tunneling and other operations under the support of the support member 2.

[0052] 2. Support member 2 acts as a metal mesh and a tray, and can replace the metal mesh and the tray, thereby reducing the steps and time of the tunnel 1 excavation support process, reducing the work intensity of the operators, and replacing the metal mesh and the tray to reduce the support cost of tunnel 1, which can effectively reduce the deformation of the surrounding rock of tunnel 1.

[0053] 3. By laying support members 2 throughout the cross section of tunnel 1, problems such as deviation and roof collapse can be greatly reduced.

[0054] 4. Ensure the safety of workers by performing excavation, anchoring and support operations under the surrounding rock of the top plate 11 where the support member 2 is laid.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0056] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0057] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0059] In the present utility model, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0060] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel roof support system, characterized in that: include: A tunnel, the tunnel comprising a roof, a bottom plate and side walls, the roof and the bottom plate are arranged opposite to each other in an up-down direction, and the upper and lower ends of the side walls are respectively connected to the roof and the bottom plate, the roof is provided with a cutting groove, and the cutting groove is located above the coal body to be excavated in the tunnel; A plurality of support members are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the laneway and are all mounted on the top plate, and at least one of the support members is arranged in the cutting groove so that the support member supports the top plate.

2. The tunnel roof support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roof is provided with grouting holes extending in the up-down direction. The tunnel roof support system also includes an anchor rod, the upper end of which passes through the support member and is arranged in the grouting hole, and the lower end of the anchor rod is connected to the support member. The grouting hole and the anchor rod are filled with slurry.

3. The tunnel roof support system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a fastener, which is arranged on the anchor rod and abuts against the lower end surface of the support member.

4. The tunnel roof support system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support member is a support plate, and a mounting hole is provided on the support member and penetrates the support member in the up-down direction. The mounting hole is communicated with the grouting hole, and the anchor rod passes through the mounting hole and is arranged in the grouting hole.

5. The tunnel roof support system according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are multiple mounting holes, which are spaced apart in multiple rows along the length direction of the support member, and each row includes a number of mounting holes spaced apart along the width direction of the support member. There are multiple grouting holes and anchor rods, which are connected to each other, and at least one of the grouting holes is provided with the anchor rod.

6. The tunnel roof support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the support member is provided with a first matching portion and a second matching portion respectively, and two adjacent support members are connected via the first matching portion and the second matching portion.

7. The tunnel roof support system according to claim 6, characterized in that: One of the first matching portion and the second matching portion is a locking groove, and the other of the first matching portion and the second matching portion is a locking protrusion.

8. The tunnel roof support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of support members are arranged in a plurality of rows along the length direction of the lane, and each row includes a plurality of support members arranged in sequence along the width direction of the lane.

9. The tunnel roof support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of the support member is coated with anti-corrosion material.

10. The tunnel roof support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Slurry is provided between the support member and the top plate so that the support member is mounted on the top plate through the slurry.

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