Heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model provides a heat exchanger and relates to the technical field of heat exchangers. The heat exchanger comprises a shell, two tube plates are arranged in the shell, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged between the two tube plates, a cleaning mechanism is arranged on the side, away from the heat exchange tubes, of one tube plate in the shell, the cleaning mechanism comprises a support, a plurality of telescopic tubes are arranged on the side, close to the heat exchange tubes, of the support, and push blocks are arranged at the ends, close to the heat exchange tubes, of the telescopic tubes. The push blocks are in a cylinder shape with the outer diameter matched with the inner diameter of the heat exchange pipes, the positions of the telescopic pipes correspond to the positions of the heat exchange pipes, the telescopic pipes stretch out and draw back to drive the push blocks to enter and exit the corresponding heat exchange pipes, the push blocks coaxially slide with the telescopic pipes in the heat exchange pipes, and the telescopic pipes are driven by a hydraulic system to stretch out and draw back. According to the utility model, the blockage can be cleaned without stopping the operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] A heat exchanger is a device that can transfer heat between two or more fluids at different temperatures and is widely used in industrial production. Common heat exchanger application areas include the chemical industry, oil and gas industry, power industry, food processing industry, HVAC field, pharmaceutical industry and wastewater treatment industry. In short, heat exchangers are widely used in various industries. Their function is to transfer heat between different fluids to achieve heating, cooling, evaporation, condensation and other processes. During the use of heat exchangers, the tubes are often blocked, affecting the heat exchange efficiency. The main reason is that dirt, sediment, corrosion products or other impurities accumulate on the inner wall of the tube, and some specific fluids may also scale on the inner wall of the tube.

[0003] In the prior art, common heat exchanger clearing and maintenance measures include mechanical cleaning using brushes and other mechanical tools, chemical cleaning using chemical cleaning agents, backwashing, disassembly cleaning, etc. However, these current measures require the heat exchanger to be stopped before they can be carried out, which not only affects the use of the heat exchanger, but also has high labor intensity and low cleaning efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to develop a heat exchanger which can be cleared without stopping operation.

[0005] The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A heat exchanger, comprising:

[0007] case;

[0008] two tube sheets disposed in the shell;

[0009] A plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged between two tube sheets;

[0010] The cleaning mechanism is arranged in the shell of one of the tube sheets away from the heat exchange tube, and includes:

[0011] Bracket;

[0012] A plurality of telescopic tubes are arranged on the side of the bracket close to the heat exchange tube;

[0013] A plurality of push blocks are respectively arranged at ends of the plurality of telescopic tubes close to the heat exchange tubes;

[0014] Among them, the push block is in a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter adapted to the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube, the positions of the multiple telescopic tubes correspond to the multiple heat exchange tubes, and the multiple telescopic tubes are extended and retracted to drive the multiple push blocks in and out of the corresponding multiple heat exchange tubes respectively. The push block slides coaxially with the heat exchange tube inside the heat exchange tube, and the telescopic tube is driven by a hydraulic system to extend and retract.

[0015] Optionally, the number of the telescopic tubes is less than the heat exchange tubes, and the plurality of telescopic tubes respectively correspond to the positions of the plurality of heat exchange tubes at the lower part of the shell.

[0016] Optionally, the telescopic tube includes a cylindrical outer tube connected to the bracket, an inner tube coaxially disposed on the inner side of the outer tube, the push block being disposed at the end of the inner tube close to the heat exchange tube, and multiple layers of cylindrical telescopic sleeves being coaxially disposed in sequence between the outer tube and the inner tube, the outermost telescopic sleeve and the outer tube, the innermost telescopic sleeve and the inner tube, and the telescopic sleeves are coaxially slidable and slidingly sealed.

[0017] Optionally, a circle of limit retaining rings is respectively provided on the inner walls at both ends of the outer tube and the telescopic sleeve, a sealing gasket is provided on the inner wall of the limit retaining ring, and the limit retaining ring is in sliding contact with the telescopic sleeve or the outer wall of the inner tube on its inner side; a circle of sealing retaining ring is provided on the outer wall of the inner tube and the telescopic sleeve close to the bracket, a circle of sealing gasket is respectively provided on the two side walls of the sealing retaining ring, and the sealing retaining ring is in sliding contact with the telescopic sleeve or the inner wall of the outer tube on its outer side.

[0018] Optionally, the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pipeline disposed on the bracket and connected to the inner tube of the telescopic tube. The hydraulic system also includes a hydraulic oil injection pump outside the heat exchanger, and the hydraulic pipeline extends out of the shell and is connected to the hydraulic oil injection pump.

[0019] Optionally, the hydraulic system is controlled by an automatic control system, which includes two pressure gauges arranged on the shell of the two tube sheets away from the heat exchange tubes, and the automatic control system also includes a control box electrically connected to the two pressure gauges and the hydraulic system.

[0020] Optionally, the two tube sheets are arranged at both ends of the shell, and the two ends of the shell are respectively connected to the first tube box and the second tube box, the first tube box and the second tube box are respectively provided with a tube side inlet and a tube side outlet, the top and bottom of the shell are respectively provided with a shell outlet and a shell side inlet, and the cleaning mechanism is arranged in the first tube box.

[0021] Optionally, the heat exchanger further includes a sewage discharge mechanism, which is disposed in the second pipe box. The sewage discharge mechanism includes a sewage collecting bag disposed at the bottom of the second pipe box, a sewage discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the sewage collecting bag, and a valve is provided on the sewage discharge pipe.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0023] Dirt, sediment, corrosion products or other impurities in the fluid are often more likely to adhere to the lower heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger under the action of gravity. The cleaning mechanism arranged in the heat exchanger of the utility model can automatically clean the heat exchange tubes at the bottom, and the cleaned dirt is collected by the dirt collecting bag. It only needs to discharge the dirt in the dirt collecting bag regularly, and there is no need for labor-intensive manual cleaning. The cleaning efficiency is greatly improved compared with manual cleaning. During the cleaning process, the heat exchanger only needs to reduce the operating load without shutting down. When the heat exchange tube is blocked, the internal pressure of the second pipe box at the outlet of the tube path is reduced. The more serious the blockage of the heat exchange tube, the more the internal pressure of the second pipe box is reduced. A pressure difference threshold between the first pipe box and the second pipe box is set. The automatic control system can automatically control the operation of the cleaning mechanism when the heat exchange tube is blocked to a certain extent, thereby realizing automatic online cleaning, so as to solve the problem of serious blockage of the heat exchange tube as soon as possible when personnel are not aware of it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the telescopic tube;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0031] The embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the utility model discloses a heat exchanger, including a horizontally arranged cylindrical shell 1, with a first pipe box 2 and a second pipe box 3 connected to both ends of the shell 1, and tube sheets 8 are vertically provided at both ends of the inner wall of the shell 1, and the shell 1 and the first pipe box 2 and the second pipe box 3 are sealed by the two tube sheets 8.

[0033] A plurality of heat exchange tubes 9 are horizontally arranged between the two tube sheets 8, and the two ends of the heat exchange tubes 9 are respectively connected to the first tube box 2 and the second tube box 3, and a plurality of baffles (not shown in the figure) are also vertically arranged in the shell 1. The shell 1 is provided with a shell side outlet 4 and a shell side inlet 5 at the top and bottom, respectively, and the first tube box 2 and the second tube box 3 are respectively connected with a tube side inlet 6 and a tube side outlet 7. The first fluid enters the shell 1 from the shell side inlet 5 and is output from the shell side outlet 4, and the second fluid enters from the tube side inlet 6 and flows through the first tube box 2, the plurality of heat exchange tubes 9, and the second tube box 3 in sequence, and is finally output from the tube side outlet 7. The second fluid exchanges heat with the first fluid when circulating in the heat exchange tube 9.

[0034] A cleaning mechanism is provided in the first pipe box 2, and a sewage discharge mechanism is provided in the second pipe box 3. The cleaning mechanism cleans a plurality of heat exchange tubes 9 at the lower part of the shell 1, and the cleaned sewage is discharged by the sewage discharge mechanism.

[0035] The cleaning mechanism includes a bracket 10 vertically arranged at the bottom of the first pipe box 2. A plurality of horizontally arranged telescopic tubes 13 are provided on the side of the bracket 10 close to the shell 1. The plurality of telescopic tubes 13 are respectively coaxial with the plurality of heat exchange tubes 9 at the lower part of the shell 1. The maximum outer diameter of the telescopic tube 13 is not greater than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube 9. A push block 14 is provided at the end of the telescopic tube 13 close to the shell 1. The push block 14 is cylindrical in shape with an outer diameter matching the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube 9. The push block 14 is coaxial with the telescopic tube 13 and the corresponding heat exchange tube 9. The telescopic tube 13 is controlled to be extended and retracted by a hydraulic system 15.

[0036] The telescopic tube 13 includes a cylindrical outer tube 133 fixedly connected to the bracket 10, an inner tube 131 coaxially disposed inside the outer tube 133, a push block 14 disposed at the end of the inner tube 131 close to the shell 1, the end of the inner tube 131 close to the shell 1 is sealed, and multiple layers of cylindrical telescopic sleeves 132 are coaxially disposed in sequence between the outer tube 133 and the inner tube 131, the outermost telescopic sleeve 132 and the outer tube 133, the innermost telescopic sleeve 132 and the inner tube 131, and the telescopic sleeves 132 slide coaxially and are slidably sealed.

[0037] A circle of limiting retaining ring 134 is respectively provided on the inner wall at both ends of the outer tube 133 and the telescopic sleeve 132, and a sealing gasket 135 is respectively provided on the inner side wall of the two limiting retaining rings 134. The limiting retaining ring 134 is in sliding contact with the telescopic sleeve 132 or the outer wall of the inner tube 131 located inside thereof. A circle of sealing retaining ring 136 is provided on the outer wall of the inner tube 131 and the telescopic sleeve 132 close to the bracket 10, and a circle of sealing gasket 135 is respectively provided on the two side walls of the sealing retaining ring 136. The sealing retaining ring 136 is in sliding contact with the telescopic sleeve 132 or the inner wall of the outer tube 133 located outside thereof, and the sealing retaining ring 136 slides between the two limiting retaining rings 134 on the inner wall of the telescopic sleeve 132 or the outer tube 133 outside thereof, so as to realize the sliding limit of the telescopic sleeve 132 and the inner tube 131.

[0038] The hydraulic system 15 includes a hydraulic pipeline 12 which is arranged on the bracket 10 and is connected to the inner tube 131 of the telescopic tube 13. The hydraulic system 15 also includes a hydraulic oil injection pump, a hydraulic oil tank and corresponding oil pipes and control valves and other hydraulic components (not shown in the figure) outside the heat exchanger. The hydraulic pipeline 12 extends out of the first pipe box 2 and is connected to the hydraulic oil injection pump.

[0039] The operation of the hydraulic system 15 can inject hydraulic oil into the multiple telescopic tubes 13. The hydraulic oil pushes the inner tube 131 of the telescopic tube 13 to slide outward. After the sealing ring 136 on the outer wall of the inner tube 131 contacts the limit ring 134 of the telescopic sleeve 132 outside the inner tube 131 close to the shell 1, the inner tube 131 drives the telescopic sleeve 132 to slide outward. Through the above process until the multiple telescopic sleeves 132 also slide out to extend the telescopic tube 13, the telescopic tube 13 drives the push block 14 to enter the heat exchange tube 9. The push block 14 slides in the heat exchange tube 9 until it passes through the heat exchange tube 9. During the sliding process of the push block 14, the dirt on the wall of the heat exchange tube 9 is pushed out and enters the second pipe box 3. The operation of the hydraulic system 15 extracts the hydraulic oil in the telescopic tube 13, and the telescopic tube 13 is shortened and reset until the push block 14 slides away from the heat exchange tube 9 and returns to the first pipe box 2 to reset.

[0040] The sewage discharge mechanism includes a sewage collecting bag 18 arranged at the bottom of the second pipe box 3. The sewage collecting bag 18 protrudes outward for a certain length at the bottom of the second pipe box 3, so that a groove is formed in the sewage collecting bag 18. The sewage pushed out by the push block 14 in the heat exchange tube 9 falls into the groove in the sewage collecting bag 18. A sewage discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the sewage collecting bag 18, and a valve is provided on the sewage discharge pipe.

[0041] The hydraulic system 15 is controlled by an automatic control system, which includes a first pressure gauge 17 disposed on the top of the first pipe box 2 and a second pressure gauge 11 disposed on the top of the second pipe box 3. The first pressure gauge 17 monitors the internal pressure of the first pipe box 2, and the second pressure gauge 11 monitors the internal pressure of the second pipe box 3. The automatic control system also includes a control box 16. The first pressure gauge 17, the second pressure gauge 11 and the hydraulic system 15 are electrically connected to the control box 16. The first pressure gauge 17 and the second pressure gauge 11 transmit the pressure signals in the first pipe box 2 and the second pipe box 3 to the control box 16 respectively. The control box 16 compares the pressures in the first pipe box 2 and the second pipe box 3. When the pressure in the first pipe box 2 is 20Kpa higher than the pressure in the second pipe box 3, the control box 16 controls the hydraulic system 15 to operate, so that the cleaning mechanism cleans the heat exchange tube 9 once and automatically resets.

[0042] Dirt, sediment, corrosion products or other impurities in the fluid are often more likely to adhere to the lower heat exchange tube 9 in the heat exchanger under the action of gravity. The cleaning mechanism arranged in the heat exchanger of the utility model can automatically clean the heat exchange tube 9 at the bottom, and the cleaned dirt is collected by the dirt collecting bag 18. It only needs to discharge the dirt in the dirt collecting bag 18 regularly, and there is no need to perform labor-intensive manual cleaning. The cleaning efficiency is greatly improved compared with manual cleaning. During the cleaning process, the heat exchanger only needs to reduce the operating load without stopping. When the heat exchange tube 9 is blocked, the internal pressure of the second pipe box 3 at the pipe outlet 7 is reduced. The more serious the blockage of the heat exchange tube 9 is, the more the internal pressure of the second pipe box 3 is reduced. A pressure difference threshold between the first pipe box 2 and the second pipe box 3 is set. When the heat exchange tube 9 is blocked to a certain extent, the cleaning mechanism can be automatically controlled to run through the automatic control system, so as to realize automatic online cleaning, so as to solve the problem of serious blockage of the heat exchange tube 9 as soon as possible when personnel are not aware of it.

[0043] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not limitations on the technical solutions of the present utility model. Any technical solution that can be implemented on the basis of the above embodiments without creative work should be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger, characterized in that: include: case; two tube sheets disposed in the shell; A plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged between two tube sheets; The cleaning mechanism is arranged in the shell of one of the tube sheets away from the heat exchange tube, and includes: Bracket; A plurality of telescopic tubes are arranged on the side of the bracket close to the heat exchange tube; A plurality of push blocks are respectively arranged at ends of the plurality of telescopic tubes close to the heat exchange tubes; Among them, the push block is in a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter adapted to the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube, the positions of the multiple telescopic tubes correspond to the multiple heat exchange tubes, and the multiple telescopic tubes are extended and retracted to drive the multiple push blocks in and out of the corresponding multiple heat exchange tubes respectively. The push block slides coaxially with the heat exchange tube inside the heat exchange tube, and the telescopic tube is driven by a hydraulic system to extend and retract.

2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the telescopic tubes is less than that of the heat exchange tubes, and the plurality of telescopic tubes respectively correspond to the positions of the plurality of heat exchange tubes at the lower part of the shell.

3. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic tube comprises a cylindrical outer tube connected to a bracket, an inner tube coaxially arranged inside the outer tube, the push block being arranged at the end of the inner tube close to the heat exchange tube, multiple layers of cylindrical telescopic sleeves being coaxially arranged in sequence between the outer tube and the inner tube, the outermost telescopic sleeve and the outer tube, the innermost telescopic sleeve and the inner tube, and the telescopic sleeves are coaxially slidable and slidingly sealed.

4. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that A circle of limit retaining ring is respectively provided on the inner walls at both ends of the outer tube and the telescopic sleeve, a sealing gasket is provided on the inner wall of the limit retaining ring, and the limit retaining ring is in sliding contact with the telescopic sleeve or the outer wall of the inner tube on its inner side; a circle of sealing retaining ring is provided on the outer wall of the inner tube and the telescopic sleeve close to the bracket, a circle of sealing gasket is respectively provided on the two side walls of the sealing retaining ring, and the sealing retaining ring is in sliding contact with the telescopic sleeve or the inner wall of the outer tube on its outer side.

5. The heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pipeline arranged on the bracket and connected to the inner tube of the telescopic tube, and the hydraulic system also includes a hydraulic oil injection pump outside the heat exchanger. The hydraulic pipeline extends out of the shell and is connected to the hydraulic oil injection pump.

6. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydraulic system is controlled by an automatic control system, which includes two pressure gauges arranged on the shell of the two tube sheets away from the heat exchange tubes. The automatic control system also includes a control box electrically connected to the two pressure gauges and the hydraulic system.

7. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The two tube sheets are arranged at both ends of the shell, and the two ends of the shell are respectively connected to the first tube box and the second tube box, the first tube box and the second tube box are respectively provided with a tube side inlet and a tube side outlet, the top and the bottom of the shell are respectively provided with a shell outlet and a shell side inlet, and the cleaning mechanism is arranged in the first tube box.

8. The heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that The heat exchanger also includes a sewage discharge mechanism, which is arranged in the second pipe box. The sewage discharge mechanism includes a sewage collecting bag arranged at the bottom of the second pipe box. A sewage discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sewage collecting bag, and a valve is arranged on the sewage discharge pipe.

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