An external electric shift structure for a special vehicle gearbox

Abstract

The utility model discloses an external electric shift structure of a gearbox of a special vehicle, which comprises: a fulcrum seat; a shift connecting rod, which is hinged on the fulcrum seat; a gearbox shift shaft, the first end of the shift connecting rod is hinged to the gearbox shift shaft; an adjusting tail fork, the first end of which is hinged to the second end of the shift connecting rod; a hinge point between the fulcrum seat and the shift connecting rod is close to the first end of the shift connecting rod; and a driving mechanism, which is connected to the second end of the adjusting tail fork. An external electric telescopic push rod is adopted to cooperate with a detection sensor, and the lever labor-saving principle is used to realize the electric switching of gears, thereby realizing the electric shift control of the gearbox.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of special vehicles, and in particular relates to an external electric gear shifting structure of a special vehicle gearbox. Background Art

[0002] In the process of implementing the utility model, the inventor found that the prior art has at least the following problems:

[0003] New energy 6*6 special vehicles and shiftable gearbox technology involve the innovation and integration of multiple application scenarios. As a highly specialized special vehicle for border inspection, emergency support, engineering operations, etc., new energy 6*6 special vehicles usually have strong load off-road capability, climbing ability (more than 60%), obstacle crossing ability (more than 0.5 meters), high and low speed, and advanced remote control or unmanned control capabilities. Therefore, in terms of the power system, on the one hand, it is necessary to consider whether the external characteristic curves of the motor's power, rotation and torque can meet the needs of large torque while taking into account the high-speed requirements. On the other hand, it is necessary to consider the application scenarios of special vehicles and the technical path of remote control or unmanned wire control. Therefore, the shiftable gearbox solution is adopted, which takes into account the high and low speed functions and makes the new energy special vehicle have sufficient power reserves. This requires a reliable shifting system. If a new electric shifting gearbox is newly developed, it is not only difficult, but also very costly, and stability and maintainability are also difficult to guarantee.

[0004] Due to the small space near the gearbox, the existing new energy 6*6 special vehicle gearbox uses a combination of steel wire rope and return spring to achieve gear switching of the gearbox. The specific method is that a set of thin steel wire ropes are used on each side of the gearbox through a "V"-shaped bracket to connect the gearbox shift shaft. The shift handle is operated to pull the steel wire rope to achieve gear shifting, and the shift shaft has its own return spring to achieve gear resetting.

[0005] The disadvantages are as follows: 1. Because the gear shifting needs to overcome the spring force, the gear shifting is more laborious and cannot be synchronized. 2. There is no feedback when shifting, and you can only rely on the operating feeling; 3. The spring rebound may fail; 4. It can only be used for two gears; 5. It cannot adapt to the unmanned driving trend of wire-controlled chassis technology.

[0006] CN113864446B - Pure electric gearbox shift control method, device and pure electric vehicle, discloses a pure electric gearbox shift control method, device and pure electric vehicle, the shift control method comprises: in response to receiving a gear shift request, controlling the drive motor to reduce the torque to within a first threshold value, and controlling the shift motor to drive the sliding meshing sleeve to shift gears, and then controlling the drive motor to adjust the speed; calculating the expected synchronization torque of the current sliding meshing sleeve; calculating the actual synchronization torque of the current sliding meshing sleeve; if the expected synchronization torque is less than the actual synchronization torque, and the speed difference between the input end and the output end of the sliding meshing sleeve is not greater than the second threshold value, then controlling the shift motor to drive the sliding meshing sleeve to engage with the target gear, and cannot solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an external electric shift structure for a special vehicle gearbox, which adopts an external electric retractable push rod in conjunction with a detection sensor, utilizes the lever labor-saving principle to realize electric switching of gears, and realizes electric shift control of the gearbox.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an external electric shift structure of a special vehicle gearbox, having:

[0009] fulcrum seat;

[0010] a shift connecting rod, hinged on the fulcrum seat;

[0011] A gearbox shift shaft, wherein the first end of the shift connecting rod is hingedly connected to the gearbox shift shaft;

[0012] An adjusting tail fork, a first end of which is hinged to the second end of the shift connecting rod; a hinge point between the fulcrum seat and the shift connecting rod is close to the first end of the shift connecting rod;

[0013] The driving mechanism is connected to the second end of the adjusting tail fork.

[0014] A magnetic induction position detection module is also provided, and the magnetic induction position detection module is hinged to the shift connecting rod through a ball connecting rod.

[0015] The driving mechanism is an electric push cylinder, and the piston rod of the electric push cylinder is connected to the second end of the adjusting tail fork.

[0016] A mounting seat is also provided, and the electric push cylinder is mounted on the mounting seat.

[0017] The second end of the adjusting tail fork is adjustably connected to the piston rod of the electric push cylinder through a thread.

[0018] The first end of the adjusting tail fork is hinged to the second end of the shift connecting rod through a pin shaft.

[0019] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: an external electric retractable push rod is used in conjunction with a detection sensor, and the lever force-saving principle is used to realize electric switching of gears, thereby realizing electric shifting control of the gearbox. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an external electric shift structure of a special vehicle gearbox provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The control principle diagram of the external electric shift structure of the special vehicle gearbox;

[0022] The marks in the above figures are: 1. Electric push cylinder, 2. Adjustable tail fork, 3. Waist-shaped hole, 4. Shift connecting rod, 5. Transmission shift shaft, 6. Pivot seat, 7. Ball connecting rod, 8. Magnetic position detection module, 9. Mounting seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] See also Figures 1-2 , an external electric shift structure for a special vehicle gearbox, having:

[0025] The fulcrum seat 6; the shift link 4, which is hinged on the fulcrum seat 6; the gearbox shift shaft 5, the first end of the shift link 4 is hinged to the gearbox shift shaft 5; the adjusting tail fork 2, the first end of which is hinged to the second end of the shift link 4; the hinge point between the fulcrum seat 6 and the shift link 4 is close to the first end of the shift link 4; the driving mechanism is connected to the second end of the adjusting tail fork 2. An external electric retractable push rod is used in conjunction with a detection sensor, and the lever labor-saving principle is used to realize the electric switching of the gear position, thereby realizing the electric control of the gearbox shift. The gearbox of the new energy special gearbox has many gear shifting operation procedures, laborious operation, and cannot shift synchronously, and the gearbox remote control and touch screen electric shifting functions are realized.

[0026] It also has a magnetic induction position detection module 8, which is hinged to the shift link 4 through the ball connecting rod 7. The shift position achieves a millimeter-level high-precision feedback effect, and realizes the shift monitoring of new energy special vehicles.

[0027] The driving mechanism is an electric push cylinder 1, the piston rod of which is connected to the second end of the adjusting tail fork 2, which plays a role of power drive, and the movement stroke of the electric push cylinder 1 is accurate.

[0028] A mounting seat 9 is also provided, and the electric push cylinder 1 is mounted on the mounting seat 9 to serve the purpose of mounting and fixing the electric push cylinder 1 .

[0029] The second end of the adjusting tail fork 2 is adjustably connected to the piston rod of the electric push cylinder 1 through a thread, and the purpose of adjustment is achieved through the threaded connection. The first end of the adjusting tail fork 2 is hinged to the second end of the shift connecting rod 4 through a pin shaft.

[0030] The electric shift mechanism uses the lever principle to achieve shifting. Take the two-speed gearbox of the 6*6 new energy special vehicle as an example. Figure 1 As shown, the tail fork of the shift connecting rod 44 is connected to the gearbox shift rod shaft 5 through a pin shaft. A "U"-shaped fulcrum seat 6 is set on the side of the gearbox shift shaft 5, which is connected to the dividing point of the connecting rod power arm and the resistance arm through a pin shaft. The joint adjustable spherical connecting rod of the magnetic induction sensor is connected to the shift connecting rod 4 through a pin shaft on the power arm of the connecting rod, and the tail fork with thread adjustment of the electric push cylinder 1 is connected to the waist-shaped hole position 3 of the head of the shift connecting rod 4 through a pin shaft. The electric push cylinder 1 is used to realize precise control of shifting. The electric push rod and the magnetic induction detection sensor are equipped with a mounting bracket to realize a variety of external installation methods.

[0031] Introduction to gear shift control principle:

[0032] Taking the two-speed gearbox used in 6*6 wheel vehicles as an example, the gearbox shift shaft is pressed to the innermost part by the force rod for the low-speed gearbox, and pulled to the outermost part for the high-speed gearbox. The voltage feedback values ​​of the two positions of the magnetic induction sensor are recorded by manual gear shifting through the force rod. The electric push cylinder is driven by a DC12V voltage motor, and the positive and negative poles can be changed to extend and retract the electric push cylinder.

[0033] like Figure 2 The two power lines of the electric push cylinder are respectively connected to the two sets of contact COM terminals of the relay. Relay KA1 is responsible for power switching, relay KA2 is responsible for power connection, and position transmitter D0 is responsible for position detection.

[0034] When shifting up, when VCU receives the high gear signal, VCU keeps KA1 signal off and gives KA2 a low level signal. At this time, KA1 does not act, KA2 is turned on, the electric push cylinder pulls the shift connecting rod backward, and the magnetic induction core of the position transmitter moves with the connecting rod, converting the changing position signal into a voltage signal. When the voltage value reaches near the preset value and the error value is within the offset, VCU turns off KA2 signal and determines that the shift is successful, and displays the position value and status information on the screen.

[0035] When downshifting, when VCU receives the low gear signal, VCU turns on the KA1 low level signal, and then delays 0.3s to give the KA2 low level signal. At this time, KA1 and KA2 are both connected, and the electric push cylinder pushes the shift connecting rod forward. When the voltage value reaches near the calibrated preset value and the error value is within the offset, VCU turns off the KA1 and KA2 signals and determines that the shift is successful.

[0036] calculate:

[0037] Take the low gear shaft protruding shaft surface height h0 as the base point "zero point" position X0, the high gear shaft protruding shaft surface height h1 as the high gear calibration position X1, the gearbox shifting distance L0 = h1-h0, measure the pulling force F1 required for shifting, and then measure the resistance arm length L1 and the power arm length L2 respectively.

[0038] Through the lever law: F1·L1=F2·L2, we can preliminarily calculate the thrust requirement F2 of the push cylinder and the relationship between the thrust of the push cylinder and the length of the connecting rod. Then, based on the stroke of L0, we can match the stroke L3 required by the push cylinder.

[0039] Through the above formula: a relationship can be established among the connecting rod power arm length L2 thrust F2 and push cylinder stroke L3, and the appropriate electric push cylinder can be adapted according to this relationship.

[0040] Beneficial effects: 1. The electric shift control of the gearbox is realized; 2. The gear shift data is monitored in real time, which can be visualized and improved safety; 3. It provides a reference for the future development of special vehicle shift structures with more gears; 4. It saves the development cost of special vehicle gearboxes; 5. It reduces the difficulty of repairing gearboxes.

[0041] The core is the adaptation and use of electric push rods and calibration detection modules in new energy special vehicles. The external magnetic sensor can provide accurate position information to the VCU and can adapt to high temperature, muddy water and complex electromagnetic environment. The combination of external electric push cylinder and lever principle can adapt to installation in different spatial positions, and has low cost and high reliability. The electric control can complete the shifting and monitoring of gears using 4 points without changing the VCU system program framework, with ultra-low development cost and very high versatility.

[0042] This structure is an electric external gear shifting structure with the characteristics of low hardware cost, easy installation and maintenance, high stability and low maintenance cost. It can solve the gear shifting function of electric special platform vehicles and realize the integration of wire-controlled chassis. In the future, it can expand unmanned multi-gear shifting and visual monitoring, and can realize the functions of downshifting to increase torque and upshifting to increase speed without reducing the speed of the motor and losing torque.

[0043] After adopting the above structure, an external electric retractable push rod is used in conjunction with a detection sensor, and the lever labor-saving principle is used to realize the electric switching of gears, thereby realizing the electric shifting control of the gearbox.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inside", "front", "center", "both ends" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0045] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and "screw-on" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An external electric shift structure for a special vehicle gearbox, characterized in that: have: fulcrum seat; a shift connecting rod, hinged on the fulcrum seat; A gearbox shift shaft, wherein the first end of the shift connecting rod is hingedly connected to the gearbox shift shaft; An adjusting tail fork, a first end of which is hinged to the second end of the shift connecting rod; a hinge point between the fulcrum seat and the shift connecting rod is close to the first end of the shift connecting rod; The driving mechanism is connected to the second end of the adjusting tail fork.

2. The external electric shift structure of the special vehicle gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnetic induction position detection module is also provided, and the magnetic induction position detection module is hinged to the shift connecting rod through a ball connecting rod.

3. The external electric shift structure of the special vehicle gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is an electric push cylinder, and the piston rod of the electric push cylinder is connected to the second end of the adjusting tail fork.

4. The external electric shift structure of the special vehicle gearbox according to claim 3, characterized in that: A mounting seat is also provided, and the electric push cylinder is mounted on the mounting seat.

5. The external electric shift structure of the special vehicle gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second end of the adjusting tail fork is adjustably connected to the piston rod of the electric push cylinder through a thread.

6. The external electric shift structure of the special vehicle gearbox according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first end of the adjusting tail fork is hinged to the second end of the shift connecting rod through a pin shaft.

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