Continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode material

Abstract

The utility model provides a continuous carbonization device for a biomass hard carbon cathode material, which comprises a furnace body, a rotating mechanism and a stopping mechanism, the furnace body comprises a feeding section, a carbonization section, a heat preservation section, a cooling section and a discharging section, the carbonization, heat preservation and cooling processes of raw materials are continuous through the furnace body, and a temperature measuring unit is arranged in the furnace body; the rotating mechanism is vertically and rotatably mounted at the central position of the furnace body, and outputs nitrogen to the internal spaces of the carbonization section, the heat preservation section and the cooling section to reduce oxidation reaction; the two groups of material stopping mechanisms are respectively hinged to the bottoms of the carbonization section and the heat preservation section, and the material stopping mechanisms can stop raw materials and carbonized products, so that the cathode material has sufficient time for carbonization and heat preservation to improve the performance of the material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hard carbon negative electrode materials for lithium ion batteries, in particular to a continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials. Background Art

[0002] Carbonization of negative electrode materials refers to the process of thermal decomposition and structural transformation of negative electrode materials used in lithium-ion batteries under high temperature, oxygen-deficient or inert atmosphere (such as nitrogen). In this process, the raw materials undergo a series of complex physical and chemical changes. Common negative electrode materials, such as graphite and silicon-based materials, can be improved in crystal structure, conductivity, specific surface area, and form a microstructure that is conducive to the insertion and extraction of lithium ions after carbonization treatment, thereby improving the battery's charge and discharge performance, cycle life and energy density. Carbonization temperature, time, atmosphere and other process parameters have a key impact on the final performance of negative electrode materials.

[0003] A Chinese utility model with application number CN202121493409.3 discloses a continuous high-temperature carbonization furnace, wherein the furnace body is divided into a distribution section, a high-temperature calcination carbonization section, a heat preservation section, a cooling section and a discharge section; an annular space is left between the outer wall of the furnace body and the furnace inner tank corresponding to the high-temperature calcination carbonization section, the heat preservation section and the cooling section; the annular space corresponding to the high-temperature calcination carbonization section is provided with an electric heating device and a heat insulation protective layer from the inside to the outside in sequence; the annular space corresponding to the heat preservation section is provided with a heat insulation layer; the annular space corresponding to the cooling section is an independent closed space, and is provided with a water inlet and a drain to form a cooling water jacket structure; the furnace body is a closed structure, and a nitrogen inlet pipe is provided on one side of the upper part of the furnace body.

[0004] However, the inventors found that the equipment has the following problems: 1. The nitrogen inlet pipe and the exhaust device are both arranged in the top distribution section, but the heat generated during combustion in the carbonization section causes the overall hot gas to rise, so that the nitrogen cannot fully fill into the carbonization section, the insulation section, and the cooling section and is discharged; 2. The carbonization section and the insulation section cannot control the residence time of the raw materials. When the residence time is too short, the raw materials are not completely carbonized in the carbonization section, and the carbonization products cannot effectively improve the material properties in the insulation section. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to address the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials, including a hollow shaft running through the carbonization section, the insulation section and the cooling section, which can output nitrogen to the internal space of the carbonization section, the insulation section and the cooling section to reduce oxidation reactions, and also includes a retention mechanism that can retain raw materials and carbonization products so that the negative electrode material has sufficient time to be carbonized and insulated to improve material properties.

[0006] In view of the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows: a continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials, comprising: a furnace body, a rotating mechanism and a stopping mechanism; the furnace body comprises a feeding section, a carbonization section, a heat preservation section, a cooling section and a discharging section, and the furnace body continuously performs the process of carbonization, heat preservation and cooling of the raw materials, and a temperature measuring unit is provided in the furnace body; the rotating mechanism is vertically rotatably installed at the center of the furnace body; the stopping mechanism is provided with two groups, which are respectively hingedly arranged at the bottom of the carbonization section and the heat preservation section, and the stopping mechanism is tilted and opened from a horizontal state as the rotating mechanism rotates, and the raw materials and carbonization products staying on the stopping mechanism are dumped.

[0007] Preferably, an outer shell is provided outside the furnace body, and a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity which are spaced apart from each other are formed in sequence between the outer shell and the carbonization section, the heat preservation section and the cooling section.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, an electric heating element is provided in the first cavity corresponding to the carbonization section; an insulation layer is provided in the second cavity corresponding to the insulation section; and a coolant is provided in the third cavity corresponding to the cooling section.

[0009] As a preference, a water inlet is provided at a lower portion of one side of the third cavity, and a water outlet is provided at an upper portion of the other side of the third cavity.

[0010] As a preference, the rotating mechanism comprises a driving member and a hollow shaft; the driving member is fixedly arranged at the top of the feeding section; the hollow shaft is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the driving member and rotates with the rotating shaft.

[0011] As a preference, an air intake hose is connected to the upper portion of the hollow shaft, exhaust holes are arranged on the side walls of the hollow shaft, and the air intake hose outputs nitrogen into the furnace body through the hollow shaft.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the material stopping mechanism includes a first material plate, a second material plate, a rotating shaft, a top core and an inclined rail; the first material plate and the second material plate are both arranged at the bottom of the carbonization section and the insulation section, and are hinged by the rotating shaft; the top core is symmetrically arranged below the first material plate and the second material plate, and two groups of the top core are fixed on both sides of the rotating mechanism and rotate with the rotating mechanism; the inclined rails are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first material plate and the second material plate, and the inclined rails are in sliding contact with the top of the top core.

[0013] Preferably, when the first material plate and the second material plate are horizontal, contact surfaces fit each other around the rotating mechanism.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0015] 1. A hollow shaft connected to the nitrogen inlet hose is set up and runs through the carbonization section, the insulation section and the cooling section, which can output nitrogen to the internal space of the carbonization section, the insulation section and the cooling section, reduce the oxidation reaction, and improve the quality and performance of the negative electrode material after carbonization;

[0016] 2. By setting a retention mechanism that can retain raw materials and carbonized products, the retention time of raw materials and carbonized products in the carbonization section and the insulation section can be controlled, and there is sufficient time for carbonization and insulation to improve material properties;

[0017] 3. By setting a water inlet at the bottom of the cooling section and a water outlet at the top, with the water outlet close to the insulation section, the temperature of the coolant in the third cavity gradually rises from a low point to a high point. The carbonized product entering the cooling section from the insulation section first exchanges heat with the coolant at a higher temperature during the falling process. After the temperature of the carbonized product drops, it exchanges heat with the coolant at a lower temperature, thereby realizing a slow cooling process and stabilizing the structure of the carbonized product.

[0018] In summary, the equipment has the advantages of improving the quality and performance of carbonized products, stabilizing the structure, and having a low oxidation rate, and is particularly suitable for the technical field of hard carbon negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials;

[0021] Figure 2 A partial view of a continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials;

[0022] Figure 3 A partial view of a continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials;

[0023] Figure 4 Illustration of the working of the material stop mechanism Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 5 Illustration of the working of the material stop mechanism Figure 2 ;

[0025] Attached figures: 1. furnace body; 11. feeding section; 111. one-way exhaust port; 112. feeding port; 12. carbonization section; 13. insulation section; 14. cooling section; 15 discharging section; 151. discharging valve; 16. temperature measuring unit; 17. outer shell; 171. first cavity; 1711. electric heating element; 172. second cavity; 1721. insulation layer; 173. third cavity; 1731. coolant; 1732. water inlet; 1733. water outlet; 2. rotating mechanism; 21. driving member; 22. hollow shaft; 221. air intake hose; 222. exhaust hole; 3. material stopping mechanism; 31. first material plate; 32. second material plate; 33. rotating shaft; 34. top core; 35. inclined rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0028] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials comprises: a furnace body 1, a rotating mechanism 2 and a stopping mechanism 3; the furnace body 1 comprises a feeding section 11, a carbonization section 12, a heat preservation section 13, a cooling section 14 and a discharging section 15, the furnace body 1 continuously performs the process of carbonization, heat preservation and cooling of raw materials, and a temperature measuring unit 16 is arranged in the furnace body 1; the rotating mechanism 2 is vertically rotatably installed at the center position of the furnace body 1; the stopping mechanism 3 is provided with two groups, which are respectively hingedly arranged at the bottom of the carbonization section 12 and the heat preservation section 13, and the stopping mechanism 3 is tilted and opened from a horizontal state with the rotation of the rotating mechanism 2, so as to dump the raw materials and carbonization products staying on the stopping mechanism 3.

[0031] It should be noted that a one-way exhaust port 111 and a feed port 112 are provided at the top of the feed section 11 , and a discharge valve 151 is provided at the bottom of the discharge section 15 .

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, a shell 17 is disposed outside the furnace body 1, and a first cavity 171, a second cavity 172 and a third cavity 173 which are spaced apart from each other are formed in sequence between the shell 17 and the carbonization section 12, the heat preservation section 13 and the cooling section 14.

[0033] As shown in the figure, an electric heating element 1711 is provided in the first cavity 171 corresponding to the carbonization section 12; an insulation layer 1721 is provided in the second cavity 172 corresponding to the insulation section 13; and a coolant 1731 is provided in the third cavity 173 corresponding to the cooling section 14.

[0034] It is worth mentioning that by providing the first cavity 171 , the second cavity 172 and the third cavity 173 which are spaced apart from each other, different components can be provided according to the required functions of a certain section of the furnace body 1 .

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a water inlet 1732 is provided at a lower portion of one side of the third cavity 173 , and a water outlet 1733 is provided at an upper portion of the other side of the third cavity 173 .

[0036] It is worth mentioning here that by setting the water inlet 1732 at the bottom of the cooling section 14 and the water outlet 1733 at the top, the water outlet 1733 is close to the insulation section 13, so that the temperature of the coolant 1731 in the third cavity 173 gradually increases from low to high, and the carbonized product that falls from the insulation section 13 into the cooling section 14 first exchanges heat with the coolant 1731 with a higher temperature during the falling process, and then exchanges heat with the coolant 1731 with a lower temperature after the temperature of the carbonized product drops, thereby realizing a slow cooling process and stabilizing the structure of the carbonized product.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown in FIG. 2 , the rotating mechanism 2 includes a driving member 21 and a hollow shaft 22; the driving member 21 is fixedly arranged on the top of the feeding section 11; the hollow shaft 22 is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the driving member 21 and rotates with the rotating shaft.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 2 , an air intake hose 221 is connected to the upper portion of the hollow shaft 22 , and exhaust holes 222 are arranged on the side walls of the hollow shaft 22 . The air intake hose 221 outputs nitrogen into the furnace body 1 through the hollow shaft 22 .

[0039] It should be noted that the driving member 21 controls the hollow shaft 22 to reciprocate within a range of less than 90°, and sufficient space is provided at the connection between the top of the feed section 11 and the driving member 21 for the air intake hose 221 to move.

[0040] It is worth mentioning here that a hollow shaft 22 connected to the nitrogen intake hose 221 is provided and also passes through the carbonization section 12, the insulation section 13 and the cooling section 14, so that nitrogen can be directly output to the internal space of the carbonization section 12, the insulation section 13 and the cooling section 14, so as to avoid nitrogen being discharged from the one-way exhaust port 111 on the top before forming a protective atmosphere and reduce oxidation reaction, thereby improving the quality and performance of the negative electrode material after carbonization.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the material stopping mechanism 3 includes a first material plate 31, a second material plate 32, a rotating shaft 33, a top core 34 and an inclined rail 35; the first material plate 31 and the second material plate 32 are both arranged at the bottom of the carbonization section 12 and the insulation section 13, and are hinged by the rotating shaft 33; the top core 34 is symmetrically arranged below the first material plate 31 and the second material plate 32, and two groups of the top core 34 are fixed on both sides of the rotating mechanism 2 and rotate with the rotating mechanism 2; the inclined rails 35 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first material plate 31 and the second material plate 32, and the inclined rails 35 are in sliding contact with the top of the top core 34.

[0042] It should be noted here that the inclined rail 35 is thick in the middle and gradually becomes thinner on both sides. When the thick part of the inclined rail 35 contacts the top core 34, the first material plate 31 and the second material plate 32 remain in a horizontal state. When the top core 34 rotates and slides to the thin part of the inclined rail 35 with the rotating mechanism 2, the first material plate 31 and the second material plate 32 tilt downward around the hinge, and the material stopping mechanism 3 is in an open state, and the material falls downward.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, when the first material plate 31 and the second material plate 32 are horizontal, the contact surfaces fit each other around the rotating mechanism 2 .

[0044] It is worth mentioning that by setting the contact surfaces of the first material plate 31 and the second material plate 32 to fit together, the raw materials and carbonized products will not leak downward before the material stopping mechanism 3 is tilted and opened.

[0045] The working process is as follows:

[0046] The electric heating element 1711 in the first cavity 171 preheats the carbonization section 12, the air inlet hose 221 fills the hollow shaft 22 with nitrogen, and outputs nitrogen from the exhaust hole 222 to each section in the furnace body 1 to form a protective atmosphere, the raw material enters the feed section 11 from the feed port 112 and then enters the carbonization section 12, and falls on the material stopping mechanism 3 at the bottom of the carbonization section 12. At this time, the first material plate 31 and the second material plate 32 remain horizontal to receive the raw materials, and the top core 34 below is supported at the middle thick part of the inclined rail 35. The raw material is carbonized in the carbonization section 12. After the carbonization is completed, the driving member 21 drives the hollow shaft 22 to rotate When the top core 34 that rotates with the hollow shaft 22 during rotation slides to the thin part of the inclined rail 35, the first material plate 31 and the second material plate 32 tilt downward around the hinge, and the carbonized product falls into the insulation section 13, and the driving member 21 starts to reverse, driving the hollow shaft 22 and the top core 34 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the material stopping mechanism 3 in the insulation section 13 returns to a horizontal state to receive the carbonized product. After a sufficient insulation time, the material stopping mechanism 3 opens again, and the carbonized product falls into the cooling section 14, and after being cooled by heat exchange with the coolant 1731 in the third cavity 173, it falls into the discharging section 15 and is discharged from the discharging valve 151.

[0047] The flue gas and nitrogen generated during the carbonization process move upward due to the heat rise and are discharged from the one-way exhaust port 111 to maintain the air pressure balance in the furnace body 1.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials, comprising: The furnace body (1) is characterized by further comprising a rotating mechanism (2) and a material stopping mechanism (3); The furnace body (1) comprises a feeding section (11), a carbonization section (12), a heat preservation section (13), a cooling section (14) and a discharging section (15); the furnace body (1) continuously performs the processes of carbonization, heat preservation and cooling of the raw materials; a temperature measuring unit (16) is provided inside the furnace body (1); The rotating mechanism (2) is installed at the center of the furnace body (1) for vertical rotation; The material stopping mechanism (3) is provided with two groups, which are respectively hingedly arranged at the bottom of the carbonization section (12) and the heat preservation section (13). The material stopping mechanism (3) is tilted and opened from a horizontal state as the rotating mechanism (2) rotates, and the raw materials and carbonization products remaining on the material stopping mechanism (3) are dumped.

2. The continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer shell (17) is disposed outside the furnace body (1), and a first cavity (171), a second cavity (172) and a third cavity (173) which are spaced apart from each other are formed in sequence between the outer shell (17) and the carbonization section (12), the heat preservation section (13) and the cooling section (14).

3. The continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electric heating element (1711) is provided in the first cavity (171) corresponding to the carbonization section (12); A heat-insulating layer (1721) is provided in the second cavity (172) corresponding to the heat-insulating section (13); A coolant (1731) is provided in the third cavity (173) corresponding to the cooling section (14).

4. The continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A water inlet (1732) is provided at the lower portion of one side of the third cavity (173), and a water outlet (1733) is provided at the upper portion of the other side of the third cavity (173).

5. The continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (2) comprises a driving member (21) and a hollow shaft (22); The driving member (21) is fixedly arranged on the top of the feeding section (11); The hollow shaft (22) is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the driving member (21) and rotates along with the rotating shaft.

6. The continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air intake hose (221) is connected to the upper portion of the hollow shaft (22), and exhaust holes (222) are arranged on the side walls of the hollow shaft (22). The air intake hose (221) outputs nitrogen into the furnace body (1) through the hollow shaft (22).

7. The continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material stopping mechanism (3) comprises a first material plate (31), a second material plate (32), a rotating shaft (33), a top core (34) and an inclined rail (35); The first material plate (31) and the second material plate (32) are both arranged at the bottom of the carbonization section (12) and the heat preservation section (13), and are hingedly connected via the rotating shaft (33); The top cores (34) are symmetrically arranged below the first material plate (31) and the second material plate (32), and two groups of the top cores (34) are fixed to two sides of the rotating mechanism (2) and rotate along with the rotating mechanism (2); The inclined rails (35) are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first material plate (31) and the bottom of the second material plate (32), and the inclined rails (35) are in sliding contact with the top of the top core (34).

8. The continuous carbonization device for biomass hard carbon negative electrode materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the first material plate (31) and the second material plate (32) are horizontal, their contact surfaces fit each other around the rotating mechanism (2).

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