Multi-gear speed reduction differential mechanism and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-gear speed reduction differential mechanism and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and the multi-gear speed reduction differential mechanism comprises a driving motor, a planet row, a speed reduction gear set, a right output shaft and a left output shaft, the planet row comprises a sun gear, a planet carrier, a first planet gear, a second planet gear, a first gear ring and a second gear ring; the sun gear is connected with the driving motor and sleeved on the right output shaft in an empty mode, the planet carrier is fixed on the right output shaft, the first planet gear and the second planet gear are stepped duplicate gears, the sun gear is meshed with the first planet gear, the first gear ring is meshed with the first planet gear, and the second gear ring is meshed with the second planet gear. The first gear ring coaxially sleeves the outer side of the second gear ring; the reduction gear set comprises a first gear set and a second gear set, and the first gear set and the second gear set achieve separation and reunion with the left output shaft through a combination device. The speed reducer is compact in structure, small in size and light in weight, has two gears to realize speed reduction and differential functions, has a half shaft disconnecting function, and can reduce dragging loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular relates to a multi-speed reduction differential mechanism and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, the drive axle of the vehicle generally adopts a straight bevel gear open differential, which is usually used in conjunction with a reducer. The multi-stage gears cause the radial size of the drive axle to be larger. The differential cannot meet the requirements of various working conditions. For example, when one side of the wheel encounters low adhesion, it cannot achieve torque distribution well to enable the vehicle to get out of trouble, and a new half-axle disconnect mechanism is required to realize the disconnection function, which is not convenient for design and manufacturing. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model provides a multi-speed reduction differential mechanism and a vehicle, aiming to solve the problem that the currently used differential causes the radial dimension of the drive axle to be too large, occupies a large space, is not conducive to the layout of the whole vehicle and cannot meet the requirements of various working conditions.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide a multi-speed reduction differential mechanism, including: a driving motor, a planetary gear, a reduction gear set, a right output shaft and a left output shaft;

[0005] The planetary gear row includes a sun gear, a planet carrier, a first planetary gear, a second planetary gear, a first gear ring and a second gear ring; the sun gear is connected to the drive motor and is loosely sleeved on the right output shaft, the planet carrier is fixed on the right output shaft, the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear are stepped double gears, the stepped double gears are supported on the planet carrier, the sun gear is meshed with the first planetary gear, the first gear ring is meshed with the first planetary gear, the second gear ring is meshed with the second planetary gear, and the first gear ring is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the second gear ring;

[0006] The reduction gear set includes a first gear set fixedly connected to the first ring gear and a second gear set fixedly connected to the second ring gear. The first gear set and the second gear set are clutched with the left output shaft through a coupling device. The power of the drive motor is transmitted to the right output shaft and the left output shaft through the planetary gear set and the reduction gear set.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in one achievable manner, the first gear set includes a first driving wheel and a first driven wheel that mesh with each other, the first driving wheel is fixed on the first ring gear, the first driven wheel is loosely mounted on the left output shaft, and the first driven wheel is engaged or disconnected with the left output shaft via the coupling device.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in one achievable manner, the number of teeth on the first driving wheel is smaller than the number of teeth on the first driven wheel.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in one achievable manner, the second gear set includes a second driving wheel and a second driven wheel that mesh with each other, the second driving wheel is fixed on the second ring gear, the second driven wheel is loosely mounted on the left output shaft, and the second driven wheel is engaged or disconnected with the left output shaft via the coupling device.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in one achievable manner, the number of teeth of the second driving wheel is greater than the number of teeth of the second driven wheel.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in one achievable manner, the number of teeth of the first planetary gear is smaller than the number of teeth of the second planetary gear, and the number of teeth of the first ring gear is smaller than the number of teeth of the second ring gear.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in one achievable manner, the right output shaft is connected to the right half shaft via a first connecting device.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in one achievable manner, the left output shaft is connected to the left half shaft via a second connecting device.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in one achievable manner, both the first connecting device and the second connecting device are universal couplings.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the multi-speed reduction differential mechanism provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects: multi-speed reduction, differential and switching functions can be realized through the cooperation of the planetary row and the reduction gear set; the two planetary wheels in the planetary row are integrated double gears, and are arranged in a trapezoidal shape on a planetary carrier, and the two gear rings corresponding to the two planetary wheels are arranged concentrically; the layout of this planetary row has a small radial dimension and a compact structure, which can save space and is conducive to the arrangement of the structure in the whole vehicle. At the same time, in conjunction with the coaxially arranged reduction gear set, torque distribution can be well realized to meet the requirements of various working conditions of high torque and low torque; when the coupling device is not engaged with any gear set, the rear axle power transmission can be disconnected to avoid energy loss caused by the rear axle output shaft dragging the motor in reverse.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the utility model further provides a vehicle, comprising the multi-speed reduction differential mechanism.

[0017] The embodiment of the utility model also provides a vehicle which, on the basis of realizing multi-gear reduction differential and switching functions, realizes the concentration and miniaturization of the mechanism, saves the space occupied in the whole vehicle, is conducive to the layout of the structure in the whole vehicle, and meets the needs of various working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The transmission structure diagram of the multi-speed reduction differential mechanism provided in the embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 2 The transmission structure diagram of the multi-speed reduction differential mechanism provided in the embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0020] Description of reference numerals:

[0021] 1. Right half shaft; 2. First connecting device; 3. Right output shaft; 4. Drive motor; 5. Planetary gear; 51. Sun gear; 52. First planetary gear; 53. First ring gear; 54. Second planetary gear; 55. Second ring gear; 56. Planet carrier; 6. First gear set; 61. First driving wheel; 62. First driven wheel; 7. Combining device; 8. Second gear set; 81. Second driving wheel; 82. Second driven wheel; 9. Left output shaft; 10. Second connecting device; 11. Left half shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0023] In the present application, terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship of quantity, priority or sequence between these entities or operations.

[0024] See also Figure 1 , the multi-speed reduction differential mechanism provided by the utility model is now described. The multi-speed reduction differential mechanism includes: a driving motor 4, a planetary gear 5, a reduction gear set, a right output shaft 3 and a left output shaft 9; the planetary gear 5 includes a sun gear 51, a planetary carrier 56, a first planetary gear 52, a second planetary gear 54, a first ring gear 53 and a second ring gear 55; the sun gear 51 is connected to the driving motor 4 and is loosely sleeved on the right output shaft 3, the planetary carrier 56 is fixed on the right output shaft 3, the first planetary gear 52 and the second planetary gear 54 are stepped double gears, and the stepped double gears are supported on the planetary carrier 56, the sun gear 51 is meshed with the first planetary gear 52, the first ring gear 53 is meshed with the first planetary gear 52, the second ring gear 55 is meshed with the second planetary gear 54, and the first ring gear 53 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the second ring gear 55;

[0025] The reduction gear group includes a first gear group 6 fixedly connected to the first ring gear 53 and a second gear group 8 fixedly connected to the second ring gear 55. The first gear group 6 and the second gear group 8 are clutched with the left output shaft 9 through a coupling device 7; the power of the drive motor 4 is transmitted to the right output shaft 3 and the left output shaft 9 through the planetary gear set 5 and the reduction gear group.

[0026] The multi-speed reduction differential mechanism provided by the utility model can realize multi-speed reduction, differential and switching functions through the cooperation of the planetary row 5 and the reduction gear set; the two planetary wheels in the planetary row 5 are integrated double gears, and are arranged in a trapezoidal shape on a planetary carrier 56, and the two gear rings corresponding to the two planetary wheels are arranged concentrically. This layout of the planetary row 5 is compact in structure, can save space, and is conducive to the arrangement of the structure in the whole vehicle. In conjunction with the coaxially arranged reduction gear set, it can well realize torque distribution and meet the requirements of various working conditions of high torque and low torque.

[0027] When the coupling device 7 chooses to engage with the first gear set 6 or the second gear set 8, 2-gear adjustment can be achieved. When the coupling device 7 is not engaged with any gear set, that is, when the coupling device 7 is disconnected from both gear sets, the power of the drive motor 4 is disconnected from the left wheel. When matched with another drive axle (pure electric / hybrid) and the other drive axle is driven alone, the rear axle power transmission can be disconnected to avoid energy loss caused by the rear axle output shaft dragging the motor in reverse.

[0028] Specifically, the sun gear 51 and the second planetary gear 54 are coaxially arranged on the right output shaft 3, and the rotor shaft of the drive motor 4 is a hollow shaft, which is hollowly sleeved on the right output shaft 3; the sun gear 51 is fixed on the rotor shaft of the drive motor 4, and the power of the drive motor 4 drives the sun gear 51, the planetary carrier 56, the two planetary gears and the two matching ring gears of the planetary row 5 to rotate. Therefore, the power of the drive motor 4 is divided into two paths after passing through the sun gear 51. One path transmits the power to the right output shaft 3 through the planetary carrier 56, and transmits it to the right half shaft 1 through the first connecting device 2; one path transmits the power to the first gear set 6 and the second gear set 8 through the two planetary gears and the matching ring gears, and then according to the selective engagement of the combining device 7, it is transmitted to the left output shaft 9, and transmitted to the left half shaft 11 through the left output shaft 9 and the second connecting device 10.

[0029] Optionally, the coupling device 7 can be driven by electromagnetic, hydraulic or other means without restriction, and can move the coupling part left and right. The coupling device 7 can select a clutch or a synchronizer. When moving to the left, it engages the second driven wheel 82, and when moving to the right, it engages the first driven wheel 62. When in the middle position, it is disconnected from both driven wheels.

[0030] In some embodiments, see Figure 1As shown, the first gear set 6 includes a first driving wheel 61 and a first driven wheel 62 that mesh with each other. The first driving wheel 61 is fixed on the first ring gear 53, and the first driven wheel 62 is loosely mounted on the left output shaft 9. The first driven wheel 62 is engaged or disconnected with the left output shaft 9 through the coupling device 7.

[0031] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the number of teeth z1 of the first driving wheel 61 is less than the number of teeth z2 of the first driven wheel 62. At this time, the transmission ratio of the first driving wheel 61 to the first driven wheel 62 is z2 / z1. Combined with the number of teeth of the first planetary gear 52 and the first ring gear 53, the vehicle can achieve high torque conditions.

[0032] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the second gear set 8 includes a second driving wheel 81 and a second driven wheel 82 that mesh with each other, the second driving wheel 81 is fixed on the second gear ring 55, and the second driven wheel 82 is loosely mounted on the left output shaft 9. The second driven wheel 82 is engaged or disconnected with the left output shaft 9 through the coupling device 7.

[0033] Based on the above embodiments, it can be known that the first driven wheel 62 and the second driven wheel 82 of the present application are coaxially mounted on the left output shaft 9, and the two driving wheels are respectively fixed on the corresponding ring gears. This design has a simple structure, a small number of parts, and a compact space. It can achieve a large speed ratio output and has 2 adjustable gears, which can achieve the purpose of decelerating and increasing torque at low speeds and decelerating at high speeds. It is particularly suitable for high-speed motors; when the coupling device 7 is disconnected from both gear sets, it has a half-axle disconnection function to avoid energy loss.

[0034] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the number of teeth z3 of the second driving wheel 81 is greater than the number of teeth z4 of the second driven wheel 82. At this time, the transmission ratio of the second driving wheel 81 to the second driven wheel 82 is z4 / z3, and the transmission ratio is less than 1. Combined with the number of teeth of the second planetary gear 54 and the second ring gear 55, the vehicle can achieve normal driving conditions with low torque.

[0035] The first gear set 6 is close to the planetary gear set 5 , that is, located on the right side of the second gear set 8 . The second gear set 8 is farther away from the planetary gear set 5 than the first gear set 6 .

[0036] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the number of teeth of the first planetary gear 52 is smaller than that of the second planetary gear 54, and the number of teeth of the first gear ring 53 is smaller than that of the second gear ring 55. The first planetary gear 52 is close to the drive motor 4, and the second planetary gear 54 is farther away from the drive motor 4 than the first planetary gear 52. At this time, the inner diameter of the first gear ring 53 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second gear ring 53.

[0037] Alternatively, see Figure 2 As shown, the number of teeth of the first planetary gear 52 is greater than the number of teeth of the second planetary gear 54, that is, the diameter of the first planetary gear 52 is greater than the diameter of the second planetary gear 54. At this time, the inner diameter of the first gear ring 53 is greater than the inner diameter of the second gear ring 55, and the two gear rings are also arranged in a stepped shape. At this time, the coupling device 7 can be driven in the first gear when it is right coupled, and in the second gear when it is left coupled, and the disconnection function can be realized in the disconnected state. At this time, the transmission ratio of the first gear set 6 is less than 1, and the transmission ratio of the second gear set 8 is greater than 1.

[0038] It should be noted that in this application, according to the driving conditions of the left and right wheels, the two-speed adjustable working mode of the vehicle can be achieved by adjusting the number of teeth of each level of planetary gear 5 and each level of gear set. The tooth number selection provided in this article and the examples in the accompanying drawings are only limited embodiments listed, and are not limitations on the selection of the number of teeth of each gear in this article.

[0039] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the right output shaft 3 is connected to the right half shaft 1 through the first connecting device 2. At this time, the power of the drive motor 4 is transmitted to the right half shaft 1 through the planetary carrier 56, the right output shaft 3, and the first connecting device 2.

[0040] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the left output shaft 9 is connected to the left half shaft 11 through the second connecting device 10. At this time, the power of the drive motor 4 is transmitted to the left half shaft 11 through the planetary gear, the ring gear, the reduction gear set, the left output shaft 9, and the second connecting device 10.

[0041] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the first connecting device 2 and the second connecting device 10 are both universal couplings.

[0042] The multi-speed reduction differential mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application has three working modes, and the working principles are as follows:

[0043] 1st gear driving working mode: the coupling device 7 is coupled with the second gear set 8 on the left side.

[0044] The power path of the right wheel is as follows: the power of the drive motor 4 can be output to the planetary carrier 56 through the sun gear 51, driving the right output shaft 3 to rotate, and then driving the right half shaft 1 to drive the right wheel to travel.

[0045] The power path of the left wheel: the power of the driving motor 4 is output to the second ring gear 55 through the sun gear 51 and the second planetary gear 54, and is transmitted to the left output shaft 9 through the second driving wheel 81 and the second driven wheel 82 of the second gear set 8, and then transmitted to the left half shaft 11 through the second connecting device 10. The left half shaft 11 rotates to drive the left wheel to move, which can realize the left wheel to move in 1st gear speed ratio, and is suitable for large torque conditions.

[0046] 2nd gear driving working mode: the right side of the coupling device 7 is coupled to the first gear set 6 .

[0047] The power path to the right wheel is the same as the power transmission path in 1st gear.

[0048] The power path of the left wheel: the power of the driving motor 4 is transmitted to the first ring gear 53 through the sun gear 51 and the first planetary gear 52, and the power is output to the left output shaft 9 through the first driving wheel 61 and the first driven wheel 62 of the first gear set 6, and then output to the left half shaft 11 through the second connecting device 10, driving the left half shaft 11 to rotate and drive the left wheel to drive, which can realize the left wheel 2 gear speed ratio driving, suitable for high speed and low torque normal driving.

[0049] Axle disconnection working mode: the coupling device 7 is disconnected. At this time, the power of the drive motor 4 can be disconnected from the left wheel; when matched with another drive axle (pure electric / hybrid) and the other drive axle is driven alone, the rear axle power transmission can be disconnected to avoid energy loss caused by the rear axle output shaft dragging the motor in reverse.

[0050] Compared with traditional differentials, the multi-speed reduction differential mechanism provided by the present application has a simple structure, compact spatial layout, and fewer parts. It can achieve a large speed ratio output and has 2 adjustable gears. It can achieve the purpose of reducing speed and increasing torque at low speed and reducing speed at high speed. It is particularly suitable for high-speed motors and has a half-axle disconnection function to avoid energy loss.

[0051] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0052] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, comprising the multi-speed reduction differential mechanism.

[0053] The embodiment of the utility model also provides a vehicle which, on the basis of realizing multi-gear reduction differential and switching functions, realizes the concentration and miniaturization of the mechanism, saves the space occupied in the whole vehicle, is conducive to the layout of the structure in the whole vehicle, and meets the needs of various working conditions.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-speed reduction differential mechanism, characterized in that: include: A driving motor (4), a planetary gear (5), a reduction gear set, a right output shaft (3) and a left output shaft (9); The planetary gear (5) comprises a sun gear (51), a planet carrier (56), a first planetary gear (52), a second planetary gear (54), a first ring gear (53) and a second ring gear (55); the sun gear (51) is connected to the drive motor (4) and loosely sleeved on the right output shaft (3); the planet carrier (56) is fixed on the right output shaft (3); the first planetary gear (52) and the second planetary gear (54) are stepped double gears, and the stepped double gears are supported on the planet carrier (56); the sun gear (51) is meshed with the first planetary gear (52); the first ring gear (53) is meshed with the first planetary gear (52); the second ring gear (55) is meshed with the second planetary gear (54); and the first ring gear (53) is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the second ring gear (55); The reduction gear set comprises a first gear set (6) fixedly connected to the first gear ring (53) and a second gear set (8) fixedly connected to the second gear ring (55); the first gear set (6) and the second gear set (8) are coupled to the left output shaft (9) via a coupling device (7); the power of the drive motor (4) is transmitted to the right output shaft (3) and the left output shaft (9) via the planetary gear set (5) and the reduction gear set.

2. The multi-speed reduction differential mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gear set (6) comprises a first driving wheel (61) and a first driven wheel (62) meshing with each other, the first driving wheel (61) being fixed on the first gear ring (53), the first driven wheel (62) being loosely sleeved on the left output shaft (9), and the first driven wheel (62) being engaged with or disconnected from the left output shaft (9) via the coupling device (7).

3. The multi-speed reduction differential mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of teeth of the first driving wheel (61) is smaller than the number of teeth of the first driven wheel (62).

4. The multi-speed reduction differential mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second gear set (8) comprises a second driving wheel (81) and a second driven wheel (82) meshing with each other, the second driving wheel (81) is fixed on the second gear ring (55), the second driven wheel (82) is loosely sleeved on the left output shaft (9), and the second driven wheel (82) is engaged with or disconnected from the left output shaft (9) through the coupling device (7).

5. The multi-speed reduction differential mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of teeth on the second driving wheel (81) is greater than the number of teeth on the second driven wheel (82).

6. The multi-speed reduction differential mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of teeth of the first planetary gear (52) is smaller than the number of teeth of the second planetary gear (54), and the number of teeth of the first ring gear (53) is smaller than the number of teeth of the second ring gear (55).

7. The multi-speed reduction differential mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right output shaft (3) is connected to the right half shaft (1) via a first connecting device (2).

8. The multi-speed reduction differential mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The left output shaft (9) is connected to the left half shaft (11) via a second connecting device (10).

9. The multi-speed reduction differential mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first connecting device (2) and the second connecting device (10) are both universal couplings.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a multi-speed reduction differential mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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