Floating type wave-proof assembly and breakwater

Abstract

The utility model provides a floating type wave-proof assembly and a breakwater. The floating type wave-proof assembly comprises a wave-dissipating floating body and an anchoring device used for fixing the wave-dissipating floating body to a sea area. The wave dissipation floating body comprises a wave dissipation structure and a suspension structure; the wave dissipation structure comprises a hollow pipe pile and a perforated plate, a closed cavity is formed in the hollow pipe pile, a gas-liquid two-phase medium is arranged in the cavity, and energy dissipation is achieved through oscillation of the liquid medium; the perforated plate on at least one side is connected with a hollow pipe pile; the bottom of the perforated plate is connected with the suspension structure for suspending the wave dissipation structure; an anchoring device is arranged at the bottom of the suspension structure, and the floating breakwater assembly can be spliced in the transverse direction or / and the longitudinal direction of the perforated plate and used for forming the multi-connected floating breakwater. The device is simple in structure and convenient to disassemble and assemble, belongs to a reflection and dissipation composite type energy dissipation structure, has better wave dissipation effect and capacity, adopts modular assembly, is not limited by the size of the breakwater, and is convenient for offshore construction and later maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of wave-breaking structures of coast and ocean engineering, in particular to a floating wave-breaking component and a breakwater. Background Art

[0002] Breakwaters are a common structure for ports, coasts and offshore engineering. They are mainly used to defend against waves from the open sea, maintain the stability of the protected waters, and protect the safety of other port engineering buildings, ships entering and leaving the port, berthing docks, and loading and unloading operations. Traditional breakwaters are mostly fixed, and there are many problems in their application: the water quality exchange capacity of the waters protected by fixed breakwaters is poor, which can easily cause a certain scale of water pollution; the bottom cross-section of fixed breakwaters is large and the upper cross-section is small. As the water depth increases, the project cost increases sharply; fixed breakwaters are not suitable for soft soil areas with low foundation bearing capacity and marine natural environments that need to be protected, such as coral reef areas; the construction speed of fixed breakwaters is relatively low. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a floating wave-breaking assembly and a breakwater, wherein the breakwater comprises a plurality of wave-breaking assemblies connected in sequence, each of the wave-breaking assemblies comprising a wave-breaking structure, a defense device and an anchoring device for fixing a wave-breaking floating body in the sea area; the floating breakwater has a simple structure and is easy to assemble and disassemble, and is a reflective and dissipative composite energy dissipation structure, and has better wave-breaking effect and capacity.

[0004] The utility model achieves the above technical purpose through the following technical means.

[0005] A floating wave-breaking assembly comprises a wave-breaking structure, a defense device and an anchoring device for fixing the defense device in the sea area;

[0006] The wave-breaking structure includes a first hollow pile and a porous plate arranged horizontally and in parallel. The first hollow pile has a closed cavity, and the cavity has a gas-liquid two-phase medium, and the oscillation energy of the liquid medium is used to dissipate energy. The porous plate is connected to the first hollow pile; the bottom of the porous plate is connected to a defense device, and an anchoring device is provided at the bottom of the defense device.

[0007] Furthermore, the liquid surface of the liquid medium in the first hollow pile is flush with the suspended free liquid surface.

[0008] Furthermore, a liquid injection hole is provided on one side of the first hollow pile body, and a plurality of holes are provided on the porous plate, through which the waves are broken; and the plate surface of the porous plate is flush with the suspended free liquid surface.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the porous plate is connected to at least one defense device through a support column, and a flexible net is provided at the bottom of the porous plate. A plurality of mesh holes are evenly arranged on the flexible net for breaking incident waves.

[0010] Furthermore, a sinker is provided at the bottom of the flexible net to make the flexible net perpendicular to the plate surface of the porous plate.

[0011] Furthermore, two support columns are provided at the lower part of the porous plate along the longitudinal axis, the distance between the two support columns is 0.5 times the longitudinal length of the porous plate, and the support columns are connected to the first hollow piles through mooring lines along both sides of the lateral sides.

[0012] Furthermore, the defense device is a second hollow pile with both ends closed, one end of the second hollow pile is connected to the porous plate through a bracket column; the other end of the second hollow pile is connected to the anchoring device.

[0013] Furthermore, the first hollow pile is a hollow square pile or a pipe pile; the second hollow pile is a hollow square pile or a pipe pile.

[0014] Further, the anchoring device is a suction anchor, defense One end of the structure is connected to a suction anchor through a mooring line. The suction anchor is adsorbed on the seabed and is used to fix the wave-breaking floating body in the sea area.

[0015] A floating breakwater comprises the floating breakwater assembly. A plurality of floating breakwater assemblies are spliced ​​along the transverse direction and / or the longitudinal direction of a porous plate to form a multi-jointed floating breakwater.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] 1. The floating wave-breaking assembly of the utility model improves the energy dissipation performance by injecting water into the hollow pipe pile and utilizing the inertia of the water body.

[0018] 2. The floating wave-breaking assembly described in the utility model is provided with a plurality of holes on the surface of the porous plate, and the surface of the porous plate is substantially flush with the free liquid surface. The holes can break the waves passing through the surface of the plate, thereby increasing the energy dissipation effect.

[0019] 3. The floating wave-breaking assembly described in the utility model is provided with a flexible net and a sinker at the bottom of the porous plate. The flexible net can not only break the incident waves and improve the energy dissipation of the waves below the free liquid surface, but also provide a downward dragging force to the porous plate, thereby ensuring the draft depth of the hollow pipe pile and the porous plate.

[0020] 4. The floating breakwater assembly described in the utility model has a simple structure and is easy to assemble and disassemble. Units can be spliced ​​horizontally or vertically along the porous plates to form a multi-linked floating breakwater structure that is not affected by width and length.

[0021] 5. The floating breakwater described in the present invention is a reflective and dissipative composite energy dissipation structure, and has better wave dissipation effect and capacity.

[0022] 6. In the floating wave-breaking assembly described in the utility model, the lower part of the second hollow pile is connected to the seabed suction anchor, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, it is obvious that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the floating wave-breaking assembly of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a left view of the floating wave-breaking assembly of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is the front view of the floating wave-breaking assembly of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the floating breakwater structure according to the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the floating breakwater structure according to the second embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1-first hollow pile; 2-porous plate; 3-hole; 4-second hollow pile; 5-mooring line; 6-support column; 7-flexible net; 8-sinker; 9-pile cover plate; 10-suction anchor; A-free liquid surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] The floating breakwater described in the utility model comprises several Figure 1The wave-breaking components shown are formed by splicing the porous plates 2 in the transverse and / or longitudinal directions, and each of the wave-breaking components includes a wave-breaking structure, a defense device and an anchoring device for fixing the wave-breaking floating body in the sea area. The wave-breaking structure includes a first hollow pile 1 and a porous plate 2 arranged horizontally and in parallel. The first hollow pile 1 is provided with two, which are arranged transversely. The first hollow pile 1 is formed by centrifugation, and the ends on both sides are closed. The first hollow pile 1 has a closed cavity. The top of the first hollow pile 1 is provided with a water injection hole, and water can be injected into the first hollow pile 1 through the water injection hole so that the first hollow pile 1 has a gas-liquid two-phase medium. The oscillation energy dissipation of the liquid medium is utilized. When injecting water, it is advisable to make the water level in the first hollow pile 1 basically level with the wave free liquid surface A. After the water injection is completed, the water injection hole is blocked; the porous plate 2 is arranged between the two first hollow piles 1, and the two ends of the porous plate 1 are respectively connected to the first hollow piles on both sides. Pile 1 is connected. When the box-type structure of two first hollow piles 1 rigidly connected is adopted as the basic unit, the water in the middle part can mutually turbulently eliminate waves and interact with overtopping waves to dissipate wave energy. The porous plate 2 is consistent in length with the first hollow pile 1. Two bracket columns 6 are arranged at the lower part of the porous plate 2 in the longitudinal direction. One end of the bracket column 6 is connected to the porous plate 2 and the other end is connected to the second hollow pile 4. The bracket column 6 is used to suspend the wave-breaking structure. The two bracket columns 6 are symmetrically installed. The spacing between each bracket column 6 and the side of the porous plate 2 adjacent to it is one-fourth of the length of the porous plate 2, and the spacing between the two bracket columns 6 is half of the length of the porous plate 2. The bracket columns 6 are connected to the first hollow pile 1 along the lateral sides by mooring lines 5 respectively. The porous plate 2 is a raft structure with a plurality of holes 3 on the top to break the waves and achieve a better wave-breaking effect. Figure 2 As shown, the top surface of the porous plate 2 should be substantially flush with the wave free liquid surface A. In addition, the porous plate 2, as a raft structure, is permeable itself, allowing the fluctuating water on the raft to seep downward, destroying the horizontal component of the wave particles between the raft bottom and the water bottom, thereby intensifying the wave-breaking effect. The first hollow pile 1 and the porous plate 2 both float on the water surface.

[0035] The bottom of the porous plate 2 is connected to at least one defense device through a bracket column 6. In the utility model, the porous plate 2 is connected to the second hollow pile 4 through the bracket column 6. A steel cover plate 9 is provided on the top of the second hollow pile 4. The second hollow pile 4 is a hollow pile used to provide buoyancy for a wave-breaking floating body. The steel cover plate 9 is used to close the second hollow pile 4. The second hollow pile 4 plays a role in auxiliary energy dissipation. At the same time, the second hollow pile 4 also forms an underwater obstacle to construct a sea defense of a certain depth; a flexible net 7 is provided between the two bracket columns 6, and both sides of the flexible net 7 are connected to the side walls of the bracket column 6. The flexible net 7 is arranged vertically relative to the porous plate 2, and a plurality of mesh holes are evenly arranged on the flexible net 7. By setting The flexible net 7 with a large area can break up the incident waves, thus improving the energy dissipation effect on the waves below the free liquid surface A. The sinker 8 arranged at the lower end of the flexible net 7 helps to increase the damping value and viscosity of the overall structure. Since the first hollow pile 1 and the porous plate 2 have a shallow draft due to the buoyancy of the wave-breaking floating body, on the one hand, the weight can be increased by increasing the amount of water injected into the first hollow pile 1. On the other hand, the flexible net 7 and the sinker 8 are arranged to apply a vertical downward drag force to the bottom of the porous plate 2, thereby increasing the vertical depth of the first hollow pile 1 and the porous plate 2, and ensuring as much as possible that the water surface height in the first hollow pile 1 and the plate surface height of the porous plate 2 are flush with the wave free liquid surface A, so as to achieve a better energy dissipation effect. Figure 2 As shown, the anchoring device is a suction anchor 10, such as Figure 3 As shown, the other end of each of the second hollow piles 4 is connected to a suction anchor 10 adsorbed on the seabed through a mooring line 5, and each of the second hollow piles 4 is provided with a suction anchor 10 connected thereto correspondingly, so as to fix the wave-breaking floating body in a designated sea area.

[0036] Embodiment 1:

[0037] like Figure 4The floating breakwater shown in the figure comprises two wave-breaking components, which are laterally connected along a porous plate 2, each of which comprises a wave-breaking structure, a defense device and an anchoring device for fixing a wave-breaking floating body in the sea area, the wave-breaking structure comprises a first hollow pile 1 and a porous plate 2, the first hollow pile 1 is arranged on both sides of the porous plate 2 and is rigidly connected to the porous plate 2 but is not limited to a rigid connection, the connection between the two porous plates 2 shares the same first hollow pile 1, and the two porous plates 2 are rigidly connected to the walls on both sides of the first hollow pile 1 respectively; the first hollow pile 1 is consistent with the length of the porous plate 2, the surface of the first hollow pile 1 is slightly higher than the plate surface of the porous plate 2, the first hollow pile 1 has a closed cavity, and the first hollow pile 1 has two sides. The end is closed, and a water injection hole is provided on the top, through which water can be injected into the first hollow pile 1. When the water volume reaches an appropriate level, the water injection hole is blocked. A certain amount of water is stored in the first hollow pile 1, and a gas-liquid two-phase medium is present in the cavity, and the oscillation energy of the liquid medium is utilized to dissipate energy. When the first hollow pile 1 located at the free liquid surface A is impacted by waves, a box-type structure of two first hollow piles 1 in rigid connection is used as a basic unit, and the water in the middle part can flow turbulently with each other to dissipate waves, and at the same time interact with overtopping waves to dissipate wave energy, and utilize the inertia of the water in the first hollow pile 1 to improve the wave dissipation performance of the floating body of the wave dissipation body. A plurality of holes 3 are provided on the top of the porous plate 2, and the plate surface of the porous plate 2 is basically flush with the free liquid surface A. The holes 3 provided on the plate surface allow the water passing through the surface of the porous plate 2 to dissipate the wave energy. The wave breaking makes the wave breaking effect better; two bracket columns 6 are provided under the porous plate 2, and the distance between the two bracket columns 6 is half the length of the porous plate 2, one end of the bracket column 6 is connected to the bottom of the porous plate 2, and the other end is connected to the steel cover plate 9 of the second hollow pile 4, and each of the two sides of the bracket column 6 is connected to the first hollow pile 1 on the corresponding side by a mooring line 5; the second hollow pile 4 is a hollow pile, which is used to provide buoyancy for the wave-breaking floating body; a flexible net 7 is provided between the two bracket columns 6, and the flexible net 7 is vertically arranged relative to the porous plate 2, and the two sides of the flexible net 7 are respectively connected to the side walls of the bracket columns 6 on both sides, and the upper end is connected to the bottom of the porous plate 2, and a number of mesh holes are evenly arranged on the flexible net 7, and a large-area flexible net 7 is provided It will break the incident waves and improve the energy dissipation of the waves below the free liquid surface A. The first hollow pile 1, the porous plate 2 and the second hollow pile 4 are all affected by buoyancy, which may cause the first hollow pile 1 and the porous plate 2 to have a shallow draft and cannot keep the surface of the porous plate 2 flush with the free liquid surface A. A sinker 8 is provided at the lower end of the flexible net 7. The flexible net 7 and the sinker 8 apply a vertical downward dragging force to the bottom of the porous plate 2, thereby increasing the vertical depth of the first hollow pile 1 and the porous plate 2, and ensuring that the water surface height in the first hollow pile 1 and the surface height of the porous plate 2 are flush with the wave free liquid surface A as much as possible, so as to achieve a better energy dissipation effect. At the same time, the arrangement of the sinker 8 can also increase the damping value and viscosity capacity of the overall structure.The second hollow pile 4 is connected to the suction anchor 10 through the mooring line 5. The suction anchor 10 is adsorbed on the seabed and is used to fix the floating breakwater in a designated sea area so that the floating breakwater will not drift around due to the impact of waves. In addition, the second hollow pile 4 arranged at the lower end of the support column 6 can not only play a role in auxiliary energy dissipation, but also form an underwater obstacle, thereby constructing a sea area defense of a certain depth.

[0038] Embodiment 2:

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, on the basis of the first embodiment, the second embodiment splices the floating breakwaters of the first embodiment along the longitudinal direction to form a longer floating breakwater.

[0040] The floating assembly and the breakwater composed of the floating assembly described in the utility model have a simple structure and are easy to disassemble and assemble. The units can be spliced ​​horizontally or vertically along the porous plate 2 to form a multi-linked floating breakwater structure, which is not affected by width and length. At the same time, the floating breakwater described in the utility model is a reflective and dissipative composite energy dissipation structure, which has better wave dissipation effect and ability.

[0041] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0042] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating wave-breaking assembly, characterized in that: It includes wave-breaking structures, defensive devices and mooring devices for fixing the defensive devices in the sea area; The wave-breaking structure comprises a first hollow pile (1) and a porous plate (2) arranged horizontally and in parallel, wherein the first hollow pile (1) has a closed cavity therein, wherein a gas-liquid two-phase medium is contained in the cavity, and energy is dissipated by oscillation of the liquid medium; the porous plate (2) is connected to the first hollow pile (1); the bottom of the porous plate (2) is connected to a defense device, and an anchoring device is provided at the bottom of the defense device.

2. The floating wave-breaking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid surface of the liquid medium in the first hollow pile (1) is flush with the suspended free liquid surface.

3. The floating wave-breaking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid injection hole (11) is provided on one side of the pile body of the first hollow pile (1), and a plurality of holes (3) are provided on the porous plate (2), through which waves are broken; and the plate surface of the porous plate (2) is flush with the suspended free liquid surface.

4. The floating wave-breaking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the porous plate (2) is connected to at least one defense device via a support column (6), and a flexible net (7) is provided at the bottom of the porous plate (2). A plurality of mesh holes are evenly arranged on the flexible net (7) for breaking incident waves.

5. The floating wave-breaking assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sinker (8) is provided at the bottom of the flexible net (7) for making the flexible net (7) perpendicular to the plate surface of the porous plate (2).

6. The floating wave-breaking assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two support columns (6) are provided at the lower part of the porous plate (2) along the longitudinal axis, the distance between the two support columns (6) is 0.5 times the longitudinal length of the porous plate (2), and the support columns (6) are connected to the first hollow pile (1) along both sides of the transverse direction via mooring lines (5).

7. The floating wave-breaking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The defense device is a second hollow pile (4) with both ends closed, one end of the second hollow pile (4) being connected to the porous plate (2) via a bracket column (6); the other end of the second hollow pile (4) being connected to an anchoring device.

8. The floating wave-breaking assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first hollow pile (1) is a hollow square pile or a pipe pile; the second hollow pile (4) is a hollow square pile or a pipe pile.

9. The floating wave-breaking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mooring device is a suction anchor (10), one end of the defense device is connected to the suction anchor (10) via a mooring line (5), and the suction anchor (10) is adsorbed on the seabed and is used to fix the wave-breaking floating body in the sea area.

10. A floating breakwater, characterized in that: It comprises the floating wave-breaking assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a plurality of floating wave-breaking assemblies are spliced ​​along the transverse direction and / or the longitudinal direction of the porous plate (2) to form a multi-jointed floating breakwater.

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