All-working-condition electric drive axle transmission system of loading machine

Abstract

A full-working-condition electric drive axle transmission system of a loader comprises a front axle driving unit, the front axle driving unit comprises a front axle driving motor and a front axle input shaft which are in transmission connection, the front axle input shaft is in transmission connection with a front axle output half shaft through a front axle speed reducing mechanism, and the front axle output half shaft is connected with a front wheel set; the rear axle driving unit comprises a rear axle driving motor and a rear axle input shaft which are in transmission connection, the rear axle input shaft is in transmission connection with a rear axle output half shaft through a rear axle speed reducing mechanism, and the rear axle output half shaft is connected with a rear wheel set; the front axle speed reduction mechanism at least comprises three stages of front axle speed reduction gear sets, and a front axle speed reduction output shaft is in transmission connection with a front axle output half shaft; the rear axle speed reduction mechanism at least comprises three stages of rear axle speed reduction gear sets, and the rear axle speed reduction output shaft is in transmission connection with the rear axle output half shaft. The front and rear axle driving unit of the electric drive axle adopts at least three stages of speed reducing and torque increasing mechanisms, so that the output torque and power of the front and rear axles can completely meet the full working condition requirements of the loader.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of loader transmission drive systems, in particular to a full-operating-condition electric drive axle transmission system for a loader. Background Art

[0002] The drive system of the loader currently includes the traditional internal combustion engine drive and the pure electric drive system which is becoming increasingly popular. Compared with the traditional fuel drive system, the pure electric drive system has shown significant advantages in environmental protection, economy, safety, and efficiency, and is an important equipment to promote the concept of green mining and green development. However, the pure electric drive system has limited range, and the loader needs the drive system to provide sufficient output power and torque during operation. Under different working conditions, such as the rear axle off the ground when pushing, the front axle off the ground when climbing and stacking, and other special working conditions, the front and rear axle drive systems need to provide corresponding torque output and power distribution.

[0003] Through searching, technical documents on the electric drive system of loaders are disclosed in the prior art. For example, the invention patent publication document with the publication number of "CN111098686A" and the name of "Transmission system and control method of pure electric loader" is disclosed. A transmission system and control method of a pure electric loader is disclosed, in which the front drive axle is connected to the front axle gearbox through the front transmission shaft, and the front axle gearbox is connected to the front axle motor; the rear drive axle is connected to the rear axle gearbox through the rear transmission shaft, and the rear axle gearbox is connected to the rear axle motor; the front axle gearbox and the rear axle gearbox are connected through an intermediate transmission shaft; the front axle gearbox is connected to the front axle clutch operating mechanism, and the rear axle gearbox is connected to the rear axle clutch operating mechanism, and the whole machine controller controls the connection of the front axle clutch operating mechanism and the rear axle clutch operating mechanism. The electric drive axle structure design of the loader provided by the prior art solution is complex, and the front and rear axles are connected by the transmission shaft, and the clutch disengagement mechanism is used to realize the timely drive of the front and rear axles. The complex design leads to the reduction of the efficiency of its power transmission, and the reliability is not high, and it is difficult to adapt to the driving requirements of the loader under special working conditions.

[0004] For example, the utility model patent authorization announcement document with the publication number "CN219467531U" and the name "A kind of electric loader transmission device". A kind of electric loader transmission device includes a front drive axle, a rear drive axle and tires installed on the front drive axle and the rear drive axle, and also includes a dual-axis drive motor, a front gearbox, a rear gearbox and a whole machine controller; the dual-axis drive motor includes a front output shaft and a rear output shaft; the front output shaft is connected to the front gearbox, and the rear output shaft is connected to the rear gearbox; the front gearbox is connected to the front drive axle through the front transmission shaft, and the rear gearbox is connected to the rear drive axle through the rear transmission shaft; the front gearbox has a front shift control mechanism, and the rear gearbox has a rear shift control mechanism. The whole machine controller is connected to the front gearbox and the rear gearbox, and is used to control the front shift control structure and the rear shift control mechanism. In this prior art solution, a single single machine is used to drive the front and rear axles of the loader, and it is difficult to use the torque and power distribution under complex working conditions. Therefore, it is of great significance to propose a loader electric drive axle transmission system that can adapt to all working conditions in this field. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a full-operation electric drive axle transmission system for a loader, characterized in that it includes a front axle drive unit, the front axle drive unit includes a front axle drive motor and a front axle input shaft that are transmission-connected, the front axle input shaft is transmission-connected to a front axle output half shaft through a front axle reduction mechanism, and the front axle output half shaft is connected to a front wheel set;

[0006] A rear axle drive unit, the rear axle drive unit comprising a rear axle drive motor and a rear axle input shaft which are connected in a transmission manner, the rear axle input shaft being connected in a transmission manner to a rear axle output half shaft through a rear axle reduction mechanism, and the rear axle output half shaft being connected to a rear wheel set;

[0007] The front axle reduction mechanism comprises at least a three-stage front axle reduction gear set, and the front axle reduction output shaft is drivingly connected to the front axle output half shaft; the rear axle reduction mechanism comprises at least a three-stage rear axle reduction gear set, and the rear axle reduction output shaft is drivingly connected to the rear axle output half shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the front axle reduction mechanism includes a front axle input shaft and a front axle intermediate shaft and a front axle first-stage reduction gear set between the two, a front axle second-stage reduction gear set between the front axle intermediate shaft and the front axle reduction output shaft, and a front axle third-stage reduction gear set between the front axle reduction output shaft and the front axle output half shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the front axle two-stage reduction gear set includes a two-speed reduction gear set and a shift mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the front axle first-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle input driving gear and a front axle intermediate driven gear 1; the front axle second-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle intermediate driven gear 2 and a front axle output shaft driven gear 1, and also includes a front axle intermediate driven gear 3 and a front axle output shaft second-speed driven gear. The front axle output shaft driven gear 1 and the front axle output shaft second-speed driven gear are empty on the front axle reduction output shaft, and the shifting mechanism is located between the front axle output shaft driven gear 1 and the front axle output shaft second-speed driven gear; the front axle third-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle output shaft driven gear 2 and a front axle third-stage output gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the rear axle reduction mechanism includes a rear axle primary reduction gear set between the rear axle input shaft and the rear axle intermediate shaft, a rear axle secondary reduction gear set between the rear axle intermediate shaft and the rear axle reduction output shaft, and a rear axle tertiary reduction gear set between the rear axle reduction output shaft and the rear axle output half shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the rear axle secondary reduction gear set includes a two-speed reduction gear set and a shift mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the rear axle first-stage reduction gear set includes a rear axle input driving gear and a rear axle intermediate driven gear 1; the rear axle second-stage reduction gear set includes a rear axle intermediate driven gear 2 and a rear axle output shaft driven gear 1, and also includes a rear axle intermediate driven gear 3 and a rear axle output shaft second-speed driven gear, the rear axle output shaft driven gear 1 and the rear axle output shaft second-speed driven gear are empty on the rear axle reduction output shaft, and the shifting mechanism is located between the rear axle output shaft driven gear 1 and the rear axle output shaft second-speed driven gear; the rear axle third-stage reduction gear set includes a rear axle output shaft driven gear 2 and a rear axle third-stage output gear.

[0014] Furthermore, the rear axle output half shaft is connected to the rear wheel set via a rear axle inter-wheel differential, and the front axle output half shaft is connected to the front wheel set via a front axle inter-wheel differential.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The electric drive axle of the loader proposed by the utility model adopts at least three-stage speed reduction and torque increase mechanisms in the front and rear axle drive units, so that the output torque and power of the front and rear axles can fully meet the full working condition requirements of the loader.

[0017] 2. The structural design is simple and there are no excessive power transmission middleware, which effectively simplifies the power transmission path of the loader and greatly improves the transmission efficiency of the loader.

[0018] 3. The front and rear axles are equipped with the same two-speed axle box to ensure the driving force requirements when the loader is working on a single axle.

[0019] 4. The front and rear axle distributed drive allows the front and rear axles to distribute power independently and flexibly, and there is no power interruption during the gear shifting process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the front axle drive unit structure;

[0021] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the rear axle drive unit structure.

[0022] Description of reference numerals:

[0023] 1. Front axle drive unit; 101. Front axle drive motor; 102. Front axle output half shaft; 103. Front axle input shaft; 104. Front axle reduction output shaft; 105. Front axle intermediate shaft; 106. Front axle input driving gear; 107. Front axle intermediate driven gear 1; 108. Front axle intermediate driven gear 2; 109. Front axle output shaft driven gear 1; 110. Front axle output shaft driven gear 2; 111. Front axle third-stage output gear; 112. Front axle inter-wheel differential; 113. Front axle intermediate driven gear 3; 114. Front axle output shaft second-speed driven gear; 2. Rear axle drive unit; 201. Rear axle drive motor; 202. Rear axle output half shaft; 203. Rear axle input shaft; 204. Rear axle reduction output shaft; 205. Rear axle intermediate shaft; 206. Rear axle input driving gear; 207. Rear axle intermediate driven gear one; 208. Rear axle intermediate driven gear two; 209. Rear axle output shaft driven gear one; 210. Rear axle output shaft driven gear two; 211. Rear axle third-stage output gear; 212. Rear axle inter-wheel differential; 213. Rear axle intermediate driven gear three; 214. Rear axle output shaft second-speed driven gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a full-operation electric drive axle transmission system for a loader is characterized by comprising:

[0026] A front axle drive unit 1, the front axle drive unit 1 comprising a front axle drive motor 101 and a front axle input shaft 103 which are connected in driving connection, the front axle input shaft 103 being connected in driving connection to a front axle output half shaft 102 through a front axle reduction mechanism, and the front axle output half shaft 102 being connected to a front wheel set;

[0027] A rear axle drive unit 2, the rear axle drive unit 2 comprising a rear axle drive motor 201 and a rear axle input shaft 203 which are connected in a transmission manner, the rear axle input shaft 203 being connected in a transmission manner to a rear axle output half shaft 202 via a rear axle reduction mechanism, and the rear axle output half shaft 202 being connected to a rear wheel set;

[0028] The front axle reduction mechanism comprises at least a three-stage front axle reduction gear set, and the front axle reduction output shaft 104 is drivingly connected to the front axle output half shaft 102; the rear axle reduction mechanism comprises at least a three-stage rear axle reduction gear set, and the rear axle reduction output shaft 204 is drivingly connected to the rear axle output half shaft 202.

[0029] In this embodiment, the front and rear axle drive units both include at least three-stage front axle reduction gear sets, realizing three-stage reduction torque increase output of the front and rear axles, and both the front axle as the main working unit and the rear axle as the auxiliary working unit can achieve high power and high torque output. Since the front and rear axles are driven by independent motors, the front and rear axles can independently and flexibly distribute power, and the output power of the front and rear axles can be flexibly controlled according to the special working conditions of the loader. Therefore, the electric drive axle solution provided in this embodiment can adapt to the full-condition output drive requirements of the loader.

[0030] In a more preferred embodiment, the front axle reduction mechanism includes a front axle input shaft 103 and a front axle intermediate shaft 105 and a front axle first-stage reduction gear set therebetween, a front axle second-stage reduction gear set between the front axle intermediate shaft 105 and the front axle reduction output shaft 104, and a front axle third-stage reduction gear set between the front axle reduction output shaft 104 and the front axle output half shaft 102.

[0031] In this embodiment, the front axle drive unit 1 adopts a three-stage parallel shaft reduction mechanism to meet the maximum driving force of the loader and various special working conditions such as the rear axle off the ground when pushing and shoveling, and the front axle off the ground when climbing and stacking. At the same time, the matching speed is 0-16km / h to meet the needs of the full speed range of the operation process. The front housing of the drive motor and the parallel shaft reducer in this embodiment adopts a common housing design, which has a high degree of integration and reduces the risk of oil leakage.

[0032] In a more preferred embodiment, the front axle two-stage reduction gear set includes a two-speed reduction gear set and a shift mechanism. The front axle two-stage reduction gear set and the front axle three-stage reduction gear set include the front axle output shaft driven gear 2 110 and the front axle three-stage output gear 111 meshingly connected to achieve three-stage reduction torque increase.

[0033] The front axle drive unit 1, as the main working unit, can simultaneously match the speed of 0-16km / h to meet the needs of the full speed range of the operation process. When the speed exceeds 15km / h, the control is switched to the second gear to achieve the vehicle speed matching requirement of 0-45km / h.

[0034] In a more preferred embodiment, the rear axle reduction mechanism includes a rear axle primary reduction gear set between the rear axle input shaft 203 and the rear axle intermediate shaft 205, a rear axle secondary reduction gear set between the rear axle intermediate shaft 205 and the rear axle reduction output shaft 204, and a rear axle tertiary reduction gear set between the rear axle reduction output shaft 204 and the rear axle output half shaft 202. In this embodiment, the rear axle drive unit 2 adopts the same transmission design as the front axle drive unit. That is, a three-stage parallel shaft reduction mechanism is also adopted, which has the same power torque output capacity as the front axle drive unit 1. Under the coordinated action of the front and rear axle drive units, it can ensure the realization of the full-condition driving requirements of the loader.

[0035] In a more preferred embodiment, the rear axle secondary reduction gear set includes a two-speed reduction gear set and a shift mechanism. Similar to the front axle, a two-speed design is adopted, and the shift operation can be realized with the shift mechanism, further enriching the gear ratio range of the rear axle drive unit 2, and the corresponding gear output can be selected according to the working condition requirements of the loader. Since both the front and rear axles have a two-speed design, the power output of at least one electric drive axle can be realized during the shift process, so that there is no power interruption during the shift process.

[0036] In a more preferred embodiment, a two-speed design is adopted, and the gear shifting operation can be realized in conjunction with the gear shifting mechanism, thereby further enriching the gear ratio range of the front axle drive unit 1, and the corresponding gear output can be selected according to the working conditions of the loader.

[0037] In a more preferred embodiment, the front axle first-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle input driving gear 106 and a front axle intermediate driven gear 107; the front axle second-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle intermediate driven gear 2 108 and a front axle output shaft driven gear 109, and also includes a front axle intermediate driven gear 3 113 and a front axle output shaft second gear driven gear 114. The front axle output shaft driven gear 109 and the front axle output shaft second gear driven gear 114 are mounted on the front axle reduction output shaft 104, and the shifting mechanism is located between the front axle output shaft driven gear 109 and the front axle output shaft second gear driven gear 114; the front axle third-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle output shaft driven gear 2 110 and a front axle third-stage output gear 111.

[0038] In this embodiment, the rear axle input driving gear 206 and the rear axle intermediate driven gear 1 207 are meshed and connected to achieve a first-stage speed reduction and torque increase. The rear axle intermediate driven gear 208 and the rear axle output shaft driven gear 1 209 are meshed and connected, and have a first-speed speed reduction gear ratio for speed reduction and torque increase. The rear axle intermediate driven gear 3 213 and the rear axle output shaft second-speed driven gear 214 are meshed and connected, and have a second-speed speed reduction gear ratio for torque increase. The rear axle output shaft driven gear 1 209 and the rear axle output shaft second gear driven gear 214 are mounted on the rear axle reduction output shaft 204, but the rear axle output shaft driven gear 1 209 and the rear axle output shaft second gear driven gear 214 are always meshed with the rear axle intermediate driven gear 2 208 and the rear axle intermediate driven gear 3 213 respectively. When a gear shift operation is required, the rear axle intermediate driven gear 2 208 with a first gear reduction gear ratio and the rear axle output shaft driven gear 1 209 are selected through the gear shift mechanism for power connection, or the rear axle intermediate driven gear 3 213 with a second gear reduction gear ratio and the rear axle output shaft second gear driven gear 214 are selected for power connection, thereby realizing the corresponding power torque output according to the working condition requirements of the loader. In this embodiment, the rear axle reduction mechanism adopts the same structural design as the front axle, so as to enable the rear axle to have the same torque power output capacity.

[0039] In this embodiment, the rear axle output half shaft 202 is connected to the rear wheel set through the rear axle inter-wheel differential 212, and the front axle output half shaft 102 is connected to the front wheel set through the front axle inter-wheel differential 112. The function of the inter-wheel differential is to achieve differential drive of the front and rear wheel sets to meet the curve driving requirements of the loader.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A full-operation electric drive axle transmission system for a loader, characterized in that: include, A front axle drive unit (1), the front axle drive unit (1) comprising a front axle drive motor (101) and a front axle input shaft (103) which are transmission-connected, the front axle input shaft (103) being transmission-connected to a front axle output half shaft (102) via a front axle reduction mechanism, and the front axle output half shaft (102) being connected to a front wheel assembly; A rear axle drive unit (2), the rear axle drive unit (2) comprising a rear axle drive motor (201) and a rear axle input shaft (203) which are transmission-connected, the rear axle input shaft (203) being transmission-connected to a rear axle output half shaft (202) via a rear axle reduction mechanism, and the rear axle output half shaft (202) being connected to a rear wheel assembly; The front axle reduction mechanism comprises at least a three-stage front axle reduction gear set, and the front axle reduction output shaft (104) and the front axle output half shaft (102) are drivingly connected; the rear axle reduction mechanism comprises at least a three-stage rear axle reduction gear set, and the rear axle reduction output shaft (204) and the rear axle output half shaft (202) are drivingly connected.

2. The loader full-operation electric drive axle transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front axle reduction mechanism comprises a front axle input shaft (103) and a front axle intermediate shaft (105) and a front axle primary reduction gear set between the two, a front axle secondary reduction gear set between the front axle intermediate shaft (105) and the front axle reduction output shaft (104), and a front axle tertiary reduction gear set between the front axle reduction output shaft (104) and the front axle output half shaft (102).

3. The loader full-operation electric drive axle transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front axle two-stage reduction gear set includes a two-speed reduction gear set and a shift mechanism.

4. The loader full-operation electric drive axle transmission system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front axle primary reduction gear set comprises a front axle input driving gear (106) and a front axle intermediate driven gear one (107); the front axle secondary reduction gear set comprises a front axle intermediate driven gear two (108) and a front axle output shaft driven gear one (109), and also comprises a front axle intermediate driven gear three (113) and a front axle output shaft second gear driven gear (114); the front axle output shaft driven gear one (109) and the front axle output shaft second gear driven gear (114) are mounted on the front axle reduction output shaft (104), and the shift mechanism is located between the front axle output shaft driven gear one (109) and the front axle output shaft second gear driven gear (114); the front axle three-stage reduction gear set comprises a front axle output shaft driven gear two (110) and a front axle three-stage output gear (111).

5. The loader full-operation electric drive axle transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The rear axle reduction mechanism comprises a rear axle primary reduction gear set between the rear axle input shaft (203) and the rear axle intermediate shaft (205), a rear axle secondary reduction gear set between the rear axle intermediate shaft (205) and the rear axle reduction output shaft (204), and a rear axle tertiary reduction gear set between the rear axle reduction output shaft (204) and the rear axle output half shaft (202).

6. The loader full-operation electric drive axle transmission system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear axle secondary reduction gear set includes a two-speed reduction gear set and a shift mechanism.

7. The full-operation electric drive axle transmission system for a loader according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rear axle primary reduction gear set comprises a rear axle input driving gear (206) and a rear axle intermediate driven gear 1 (207); the rear axle secondary reduction gear set comprises a rear axle intermediate driven gear 2 (208) and a rear axle output shaft driven gear 1 (209), and further comprises a rear axle intermediate driven gear 3 (213) and a rear axle output shaft second gear driven gear (214); the rear axle output shaft driven gear 1 (209) and the rear axle output shaft second gear driven gear (214) are mounted on the rear axle reduction output shaft (204), and the shift mechanism is located between the rear axle output shaft driven gear 1 (209) and the rear axle output shaft second gear driven gear (214); the rear axle tertiary reduction gear set comprises a rear axle output shaft driven gear 2 (120) and a rear axle tertiary output gear (211).

8. The full-operation electric drive axle transmission system for a loader according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rear axle output half shaft (202) is connected to the rear wheel set via a rear axle inter-wheel differential (212), and the front axle output half shaft (102) is connected to the front wheel set via a front axle inter-wheel differential (112).

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