Efficient electric drive axle transmission system of loading machine

Abstract

An efficient electric drive axle transmission system of a loader comprises a front axle driving unit, the front axle driving unit comprises a front axle driving motor and a front axle input shaft which are in transmission connection, the front axle input shaft is in transmission connection with a front axle output half shaft through a front axle speed reducing mechanism, and the front axle output half shaft is connected with a front wheel set; the rear axle driving unit comprises a rear axle driving motor and a rear axle input shaft which are in transmission connection, the rear axle input shaft is in transmission connection with a rear axle output half shaft through a rear axle speed reducing mechanism, and the rear axle output half shaft is connected with a rear wheel set; the rear axle speed reduction mechanism comprises at most two stages of rear axle speed reduction gear sets and further comprises a rear axle speed reduction output shaft in transmission connection with the rear axle output half shaft. According to the electric drive axle of the loader, targeted power matching is conducted on the front axle and the rear axle of the loader according to the working condition of the loader, and the requirements for high efficiency and high cost performance of the electric drive loader are better met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of loader transmission drive systems, in particular to a loader high-efficiency electric drive axle transmission system. Background Art

[0002] The drive system of the loader currently includes the traditional internal combustion engine drive and the pure electric drive system which is gradually becoming popular. Compared with the traditional fuel drive system, the pure electric drive system has shown significant advantages in environmental protection, economy, safety, and efficiency, and is an important equipment to promote the concept of green mines and green development. However, the pure electric drive system has limited mileage, and it is difficult to achieve high efficiency under low-speed and high-torque conditions. Therefore, for the pure electric drive system of the loader, the electric drive axle needs to be reasonably designed so that it can adapt to the low-speed and high-torque conditions and high power output of the loader, and take into account economy as much as possible.

[0003] Through searching, technical documents on the electric drive system of loaders are disclosed in the prior art. For example, the invention patent publication document with the publication number of "CN111098686A" and the name of "Transmission system and control method of pure electric loader". A transmission system and control method of a pure electric loader is disclosed, in which the front drive axle is connected to the front axle gearbox through the front transmission shaft, and the front axle gearbox is connected to the front axle motor; the rear drive axle is connected to the rear axle gearbox through the rear transmission shaft, and the rear axle gearbox is connected to the rear axle motor; the front axle gearbox and the rear axle gearbox are connected through an intermediate transmission shaft; the front axle gearbox is connected to the front axle clutch operating mechanism, and the rear axle gearbox is connected to the rear axle clutch operating mechanism, and the whole machine controller controls the connection between the front axle clutch operating mechanism and the rear axle clutch operating mechanism. The electric drive axle structure design of the loader provided by the prior art solution is complex, and the front and rear axles are connected by a transmission shaft, and the clutch disengagement mechanism is used to realize the timely drive of the front and rear axles. The complex design leads to a decrease in the efficiency of its power transmission and low reliability.

[0004] For example, the utility model patent authorization announcement document with the publication number "CN219172158U" and the name "A dual-motor four-wheel drive system and loader". A dual-motor four-wheel drive system and a loader are provided, by setting a first motor and a second motor, the first motor and the second motor are both drivingly connected to the front drive axle and the rear drive axle; wherein a first disengagement device is provided between the first motor and the front drive axle and the rear drive axle, and / or a second disengagement device is provided between the second motor and the front drive axle and the rear drive axle. The technical solution provided by this prior art is similar to the aforementioned one, and also has the problems of complex structural design, reduced efficiency of power transmission, and low reliability. Therefore, it is of great significance to propose a relatively economical and efficient loader electric drive axle transmission system in this field. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model provides a high-efficiency electric drive axle transmission system for a loader, comprising:

[0006] A front axle drive unit, the front axle drive unit comprising a front axle drive motor and a front axle input shaft which are drivingly connected, the front axle input shaft is drivingly connected to a front axle output half shaft through a front axle reduction mechanism, and the front axle output half shaft is connected to a front wheel set;

[0007] A rear axle drive unit, the rear axle drive unit includes a rear axle drive motor and a rear axle input shaft that are transmission-connected, the rear axle input shaft is transmission-connected to a rear axle output half-shaft through a rear axle reduction mechanism, and the rear axle output half-shaft is connected to a rear wheel set; the rear axle reduction mechanism includes at most two-stage rear axle reduction gear sets, and the rear axle reduction mechanism also includes a rear axle reduction output shaft transmission-connected to the rear axle output half-shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the rear axle reduction mechanism includes a rear axle primary reduction gear set between the rear axle input shaft and the rear axle reduction output shaft, and a rear axle secondary reduction gear set between the rear axle reduction output shaft and the rear axle output half shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the rear axle primary reduction gear set includes a rear axle input driving gear and a rear axle primary driven gear meshing with each other; the rear axle secondary reduction gear set includes a rear axle secondary driving gear and a rear axle secondary output gear meshing with each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the rear axle output half shaft is connected to the rear wheel set via a rear axle inter-wheel differential.

[0011] Furthermore, the front axle reduction mechanism includes at most three-stage front axle reduction gear sets, and the front axle reduction mechanism also includes a front axle reduction output shaft drivingly connected to the rear axle output half shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the front axle reduction mechanism includes a front axle input shaft and a front axle intermediate shaft and a front axle first-stage reduction gear set between the two, a front axle second-stage reduction gear set between the front axle intermediate shaft and the front axle reduction output shaft, and a front axle third-stage reduction gear set between the front axle reduction output shaft and the front axle output half shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the front axle first-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle input driving gear and a front axle intermediate driven gear 1; the front axle second-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle intermediate driven gear 2 and a front axle output shaft driven gear 1; the front axle third-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle output shaft driven gear 2 and a front axle third-stage output gear.

[0014] Furthermore, the front axle output shaft driven gear is an empty sleeve and is connected to a shift mechanism.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The electric drive axle of the loader proposed in the utility model makes targeted power matching for the front and rear axles of the loader according to the working conditions of the loader, so as to better meet the requirements of high efficiency and high cost performance of the electric drive loader.

[0017] 2. The structural design is simple and there are no excessive power transmission middleware, which effectively simplifies the power transmission path of the loader and greatly improves the transmission efficiency of the loader.

[0018] 3. While meeting the requirements of high cost performance and high efficiency, the loader's operating conditions are taken into consideration, the operating process speed is fully covered, the electronic control strategy logic is simple and efficient, and the performance is reliable and the cost is controllable.

[0019] 4. It has a wide range of applications and flexible matching. The front and rear axles can be matched with different motor models according to different working conditions, making the solution more cost-effective.

[0020] 5. The front and rear axle distributed drive allows the front and rear axles to distribute power independently and flexibly, and there is no power interruption during the gear shifting process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the rear axle drive unit structure;

[0022] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the front axle drive unit structure.

[0023] Description of reference numerals:

[0024] 1. Front axle drive unit; 101. Front axle drive motor; 102. Front axle output half shaft; 103. Front axle input shaft; 104. Front axle reduction output shaft; 105. Front axle intermediate shaft; 106. Front axle input driving gear; 107. Front axle intermediate driven gear one; 108. Front axle intermediate driven gear two; 109. Front axle output shaft driven gear one; 110. Front axle output shaft driven gear two; 111. Front axle three-stage output gear; 112. Front axle inter-wheel differential; 2. Rear axle drive unit; 201. Rear axle drive motor; 202. Rear axle output half shaft; 203. Rear axle input shaft; 204. Rear axle reduction output shaft; 205. Rear axle input driving gear; 206. Rear axle first-stage driven gear; 207. Rear axle second-stage driving gear; 208. Rear axle second-stage output gear; 209. Rear axle inter-wheel differential. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 A high-efficiency electric drive axle transmission system for a loader, comprising:

[0027] A front axle drive unit 1, the front axle drive unit 1 comprising a front axle drive motor 101 and a front axle input shaft 103 which are connected in driving connection, the front axle input shaft 103 being connected in driving connection to a front axle output half shaft 102 through a front axle reduction mechanism, and the front axle output half shaft 102 being connected to a front wheel set;

[0028] A rear axle drive unit 2, the rear axle drive unit 2 includes a rear axle drive motor 201 and a rear axle input shaft 203 which are transmission-connected, the rear axle input shaft 203 is transmission-connected to a rear axle output half shaft 202 via a rear axle reduction mechanism, and the rear axle output half shaft 202 is connected to a rear wheel assembly; the rear axle reduction mechanism includes at most two-stage rear axle reduction gear sets, and the rear axle reduction mechanism also includes a rear axle reduction output shaft 204 which is transmission-connected to the rear axle output half shaft 202.

[0029] In this embodiment, the rear axle drive unit 2 includes at most two-stage rear axle reduction gear sets, which play an auxiliary role in power generation and are mainly used for the high-speed travel requirements of the loader, and can match the speed of 0-45km / h. It has a simple structure, high transmission efficiency, stable and durable performance, and controllable costs.

[0030] In a more preferred embodiment, the rear axle reduction mechanism includes a rear axle primary reduction gear set between the rear axle input shaft 203 and the rear axle reduction output shaft 204 , and a rear axle secondary reduction gear set between the rear axle reduction output shaft 204 and the rear axle output half shaft 202 .

[0031] In this embodiment, the rear axle drive unit 2 adopts a two-stage parallel shaft reduction structure to assist in work. Considering that the rear axle is used as an auxiliary work, a relatively simple drive structure is designed to improve the overall cost performance of the electric drive axle. Due to the simplification of the transmission structure, the overall reliability of the system is also improved, and the transmission power loss is less, taking into account high efficiency. The front and rear axle drive units 2 are distributed and driven, so that the front and rear axles can independently and flexibly distribute power.

[0032] In a more preferred embodiment, the rear axle primary reduction gear set includes a rear axle input driving gear 205 and a rear axle primary driven gear 206 that are meshed with each other; the rear axle secondary reduction gear set includes a rear axle secondary driving gear 207 and a rear axle secondary output gear 208 that are meshed with each other.

[0033] In this embodiment, the rear axle input driving gear 205 and the rear axle primary driven gear 206 mesh with each other to achieve primary deceleration and torque amplification, and the rear axle secondary driving gear 207 and the rear axle secondary output gear 208 achieve secondary deceleration and torque amplification. The overall parallel shaft reduction mechanism is simple and reliable in structure. The secondary reduction mechanism can achieve a certain speed ratio of deceleration and torque amplification, so that the rear axle drive unit 2 can match the full speed when it is used as an auxiliary work, and can also provide a certain power and torque output, thereby improving the overall power and torque output level of the electric drive axle.

[0034] In a more preferred embodiment, the rear axle output half shaft 202 is connected to the rear wheel set through the rear axle inter-wheel differential. After the rear axle inter-wheel differential is connected to the rear wheel set, differential drive of the rear wheel set can be achieved to meet the requirements of the loader's curved driving. The rear axle drive unit 2, as an auxiliary working unit, needs to take into account high-speed running conditions while outputting power, so full-speed matching of 0-45 km / h can be achieved under this speed ratio range.

[0035] In a more preferred embodiment, the front axle reduction mechanism includes at most three-stage front axle reduction gear sets, and the front axle reduction mechanism also includes a front axle reduction output shaft 104 drivingly connected to the rear axle output half shaft 202 .

[0036] In this embodiment, the front axle drive unit 1 is the main working unit, which needs to meet the maximum driving requirements of the loader, and the matching speed is 0-16km / h, meeting the needs of the full speed range of the operation process. Therefore, the front axle drive unit 1 is designed as a front axle reduction gear set with at most three stages to provide a larger reduction ratio to achieve a larger torque output.

[0037] In a more preferred embodiment, the front axle reduction mechanism includes a front axle input shaft 103 and a front axle intermediate shaft 105 and a front axle first-stage reduction gear set therebetween, a front axle second-stage reduction gear set between the front axle intermediate shaft 105 and the front axle reduction output shaft 104, and a front axle third-stage reduction gear set between the front axle reduction output shaft 104 and the front axle output half shaft 102.

[0038] In this embodiment, the front axle drive unit 1 is designed as a three-stage reduction gear, specifically a three-stage parallel shaft with a large speed ratio torque increase, so it can meet the maximum driving requirements of the loader. At the same time, the matching speed is 0-16km / h, meeting the needs of the full speed range of the operation process.

[0039] In a more preferred embodiment, the front axle first-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle input driving gear 106 and a front axle intermediate driven gear 107; the front axle second-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle intermediate driven gear 2 108 and a front axle output shaft driven gear 109; the front axle third-stage reduction gear set includes a front axle output shaft driven gear 2 110 and a front axle third-stage output gear 111.

[0040] In this embodiment, the front axle input driving gear 106 and the front axle intermediate driven gear 1 107 are meshed with each other to achieve a first-stage deceleration and torque increase, the front axle intermediate driven gear 2 108 and the front axle output shaft driven gear 1 109 are meshed to achieve a second-stage deceleration and torque increase, and the front axle output shaft driven gear 2 110 and the front axle third-stage output gear 111 achieve a third-stage deceleration and torque increase. The overall parallel shaft deceleration mechanism is simple and reliable in structure, and the third-stage deceleration and torque increase realizes a large torque output of the main working unit.

[0041] In a more preferred embodiment, the front axle output shaft driven gear 109 is empty and connected to the shift mechanism. The front axle output shaft driven gear 109 is empty, and combined with the shift mechanism, the front axle drive unit 1 has a three-stage parallel shaft large speed ratio torque increase and neutral structure, so that the front axle drive unit 1 can work in neutral according to the loader working condition, improving the overall economy of the electric drive axle. Due to the single-gear structure combined with the rear axle drive unit 2, no power interruption can be achieved during the gear shifting process. When the speed exceeds 15km / h, it can be controlled to be in neutral to achieve front axle power disengagement.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency electric drive axle transmission system for a loader, characterized in that: include, A front axle drive unit (1), the front axle drive unit (1) comprising a front axle drive motor (101) and a front axle input shaft (103) which are transmission-connected, the front axle input shaft (103) being transmission-connected to a front axle output half shaft (102) via a front axle reduction mechanism, and the front axle output half shaft (102) being connected to a front wheel assembly; A rear axle drive unit (2), the rear axle drive unit (2) comprising a rear axle drive motor (201) and a rear axle input shaft (203) which are transmission-connected, the rear axle input shaft (203) being transmission-connected to a rear axle output half shaft (202) via a rear axle reduction mechanism, the rear axle output half shaft (202) being connected to a rear wheel set; the rear axle reduction mechanism comprising at most two-stage rear axle reduction gear sets, the rear axle reduction mechanism also comprising a rear axle reduction output shaft (204) which is transmission-connected to the rear axle output half shaft (202).

2. The loader high-efficiency electric drive axle transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear axle reduction mechanism comprises a rear axle primary reduction gear set between the rear axle input shaft (203) and the rear axle reduction output shaft (204), and a rear axle secondary reduction gear set between the rear axle reduction output shaft (204) and the rear axle output half shaft (202).

3. The loader high-efficiency electric drive axle transmission system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The rear axle primary reduction gear set comprises a rear axle input driving gear (205) and a rear axle primary driven gear (206) meshing with each other; the rear axle secondary reduction gear set comprises a rear axle secondary driving gear (207) and a rear axle secondary output gear (208) meshing with each other.

4. The loader high-efficiency electric drive axle transmission system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The rear axle output half shaft (202) is connected to the rear wheel set via a rear axle inter-wheel differential.

5. The loader high-efficiency electric drive axle transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front axle reduction mechanism comprises at most three-stage front axle reduction gear sets, and the front axle reduction mechanism also comprises a front axle reduction output shaft (104) drivingly connected to the rear axle output half shaft (202).

6. The loader high-efficiency electric drive axle transmission system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The front axle reduction mechanism comprises a front axle input shaft (103) and a front axle intermediate shaft (105) and a front axle primary reduction gear set between the two, a front axle secondary reduction gear set between the front axle intermediate shaft (105) and the front axle reduction output shaft (104), and a front axle tertiary reduction gear set between the front axle reduction output shaft (104) and the front axle output half shaft (102).

7. The loader high-efficiency electric drive axle transmission system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The front axle primary reduction gear set comprises a front axle input driving gear (106) and a front axle intermediate driven gear one (107); the front axle secondary reduction gear set comprises a front axle intermediate driven gear two (108) and a front axle output shaft driven gear one (109); and the front axle tertiary reduction gear set comprises a front axle output shaft driven gear two (110) and a front axle tertiary output gear (111).

8. The loader high-efficiency electric drive axle transmission system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The front axle output shaft driven gear 1 (109) is idle and connected to the shifting mechanism.

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