Telescopic safety unloading platform for building construction

Abstract

The utility model relates to a telescopic safety unloading platform for building construction, which comprises an inner platform component and an outer platform component, the inner platform component is fixed on the ground inside a building, the outer platform component is movably mounted on the inner platform, and the telescopic safety unloading platform further comprises a rotating angle brace mechanism. The discharging platform can be stably supported by the extension of the overhanging platform and the support of the gusset frame, the safety during discharging is ensured, the discharging platform can be quickly pulled out from the lower part of the lifting mechanism by the contraction of the overhanging platform and the rotation of the gusset frame, the lifting of the lifting mechanism is prevented from being influenced, materials can be normally conveyed, and the working efficiency is improved. The inner platform panel is supported by the supporting frame, and the telescopic panel is supported by the telescopic frame, so that when the cantilever platform extends out of a building, no gap is formed between the inner platform and the outer platform, and then unloading and transferring of materials are facilitated; and meanwhile, when the overhanging platform extends out, supporting is more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of equipment related to building construction, in particular to a telescopic building construction safety unloading platform. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of a building, a tower crane or a derrick hoist is required to transport formwork, pipe racks and other materials to the construction floor. However, a tower crane cannot be directly inserted into the building. In order to facilitate the transportation of formwork, pipe racks and other materials, an extended unloading platform is generally set up on the building to transfer materials through the unloading platform, which saves time and effort and is more efficient. Therefore, the unloading platform has become a common temporary construction facility at construction sites.

[0003] During use of the existing unloading platform, if a tower crane is used, the unloading platform will not affect the lifting of materials. However, if a derrick hoist is used to lift materials, the unloading platform will extend a certain length outside the building and most of the existing unloading platforms cannot be telescopically adjusted, resulting in the unloading platform affecting the operation of the derrick hoist. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a telescopic safe unloading platform for building construction.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A telescopic construction safety unloading platform comprises an inner platform component, an outer platform component and a rotating angle brace mechanism, wherein the inner platform component is fixed on the ground inside the building, the outer platform component is telescopically mounted on the inner platform component, the rotating angle brace mechanism is rotatably stored and mounted on the outer wall of the building, and the rotating angle brace mechanism is unfolded and supported on the bottom of the extended outer platform component.

[0007] The inner platform assembly includes a base plate, two sliding frames, two transverse frames, a plurality of support frames, an inner platform panel and a driving mechanism. The base plate is fixed on the ground inside the building. The two sliding frames are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the base plate. The two transverse frames are arranged in parallel and fixedly installed on the inner end of the upper surface of the base plate. The two transverse frames are fixedly connected to the two sliding frames. A plurality of support frames are evenly and parallelly arranged between the two sliding frames. The bottom of the support frame is fixed on the base plate and the end is fixed on one of the transverse frames. The inner platform panel is fixedly installed on the sliding frame and the two transverse frames. The driving mechanism is arranged on the outside of one of the sliding frames.

[0008] The inner platform panel is located above the support frame and is arranged at a certain distance.

[0009] The driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a transmission rod, a bevel gear set and an adjusting screw. The driving motor is installed on the outside of one of the sliding frames, the transmission rod is arranged between the two horizontal frames, the driving motor is connected to the transmission rod, the adjusting screw is installed at the center of one of the horizontal frames, and the bevel gear set is installed between the adjusting screw and the transmission rod and is connected by meshing.

[0010] The outer platform components include a cantilever platform, a safety guardrail, a number of telescopic frames, a telescopic panel and an internally threaded pipe. The cantilever platform is slidably embedded between two sliding frames, the safety guardrail is installed on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the cantilever platform, a number of telescopic frames are evenly installed on the inner end surface of the cantilever platform, the telescopic frames and the support frames are arranged alternately, the telescopic panel is installed above the telescopic frame and connected to the cantilever platform, the telescopic panel is slidably set at the bottom of the inner platform panel, the internally threaded pipe is installed at the center of the inner end surface of the cantilever platform, and the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the internally threaded pipe.

[0011] Two rotating guardrails are arranged at the outer end of the upper surface of the cantilever platform, and the rotating guardrails are rotatably installed at the outer end of the safety guardrail.

[0012] The rotating angle brace mechanism includes a rotating seat one, a rotating seat two, an offset frame, a rotating shaft, a rotating motor, a angle brace seat and an angle brace frame. The offset frame is installed on the outer wall of the building below one of the sliding frames, the rotating seat one is installed on the outer wall of the building below the other sliding frame, the rotating seat two is installed on the outer end of the offset frame, the rotating shaft is arranged inside the rotating seat one and the rotating seat two, the rotating motor is installed at the bottom of the rotating seat one and the rotating seat two, the rotating motor is connected to the rotating shaft, the angle brace seat is installed on the rotating shaft, the angle brace frame is installed on the angle brace seat, and the upper top of the angle brace frame contacts the lower surface of the cantilever platform.

[0013] The spacing between the inner platform panel and the support frame is the same as the thickness of the telescopic panel.

[0014] The first rotating seat and the second rotating seat are both U-shaped structures.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] 1. By extending the cantilever platform and supporting the angle frame, the unloading platform can be stably supported to ensure safety during unloading. By contracting the cantilever platform and rotating the angle frame, the unloading platform can be quickly pulled out from under the lifting mechanism to avoid affecting the lifting mechanism and ensure normal material transportation.

[0017] 2. Use the support frame to support the inner platform panel, and the telescopic frame to support the telescopic panel, so that when the cantilever platform extends out of the building, there will be no gap between the inner platform and the outer platform, thereby facilitating the unloading and transportation of materials.

[0018] 3. By utilizing the staggered rotating seat 1 and the staggered rotating seat 2, the two angle brackets can rotate in a staggered manner during rotation to avoid collision, thereby preventing the angle brackets from affecting the lifting of the lifting mechanism.

[0019] 4. The cantilever platform is supported by the angle support frame to ensure the stability of the cantilever platform extending out of the building, improve its bearing capacity, avoid the cantilever platform from shaking during the unloading process, and ensure the safety of the unloading process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the front view of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a top view of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating angle brace mechanism of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a top view of the rotating angle support mechanism of the utility model after folding;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a top view of the rotating angle support mechanism of the utility model after it is unfolded;

[0025] In the figure:

[0026] 1. Inner platform assembly; 11. Bottom plate; 12. Sliding frame; 13. Horizontal frame; 14. Support frame; 15. Inner platform panel; 16. Driving mechanism; 161. Driving motor; 162. Transmission rod; 163. Bevel gear set; 164. Adjusting screw.

[0027] 2. External platform assembly; 21. Cantilever platform; 22. Safety guardrail; 23. Telescopic frame; 24. Telescopic panel; 25. Internally threaded pipe; 26. Rotating guardrail.

[0028] 3. Rotating angle support mechanism; 31. Rotating seat 1; 32. Rotating seat 2; 33. Offset frame; 34. Rotating shaft; 35. Rotating motor; 36. Angle support seat; 37. Angle support frame.

[0029] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer according to the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may also be a component centered. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0033] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0034] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a telescopic construction safety unloading platform includes an inner platform component 1 and an outer platform component 2. The inner platform component 1 is fixed on the ground inside the building, and the outer platform component 2 is movably installed on the inner platform component 1, and also includes a rotating angle support mechanism 3.

[0035] The inner platform assembly 1 is composed of a bottom plate 11, a sliding frame 12, two transverse frames 13, a support frame 14, an inner platform panel 15 and a driving mechanism 16. The bottom plate 11 is in contact with the ground inside the building, the sliding frame 12 is installed on both sides above the bottom plate 11, the two transverse frames 13 are installed at one end above the bottom plate 11, and are arranged in parallel and fixedly connected to the sliding frame 12, the support frame 14 is parallel to the sliding frame 12, and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 11 and the transverse frame 13, and the support frames 14 are evenly distributed on one side of one of the transverse frames 13, the inner platform panel 15 is installed above the sliding frame 12 and the transverse frame 13, and is located above the support frame 14 at a certain distance, and the driving mechanism 16 is arranged on one of the sliding frames. One end of the outer surface of the moving frame 12; the driving mechanism 16 is composed of a driving motor 161, a transmission rod 162, a bevel gear set 163 and an adjusting screw 164. The driving motor 161 is installed on the outer surface of one of the sliding frames 12, the transmission rod 162 is arranged between the two horizontal frames 13 and connected through bearings, the adjusting screw 164 is installed at the center of one of the horizontal frames 13 and is threadedly inserted in the internal threaded tube 25, and the bevel gear set 163 is installed between the adjusting screw 164 and the transmission rod 162, and is transmitted through meshing.

[0036] In the embodiment of the utility model, the setting of the bottom plate 11 can prevent foreign debris from falling under the inner platform panel 15, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the device, and the sliding cooperation between the sliding frame 12 and the outer platform component 2 can make the outer platform component 2 extend outside the building to facilitate the unloading work, and the setting of the two cross frames 13 can ensure the stability of the sliding frame 12 on the one hand, and facilitate the assembly of the driving mechanism 16 on the other hand.

[0037] In the embodiment of the utility model, the inner platform panel 15 can be firmly fixed by connecting it with the sliding frame 12 and the cross frame 13, and the inner platform panel 15 can be supported by the setting of the support frame 14, so as to avoid the problem of the inner platform panel 15 breaking due to excessive weight of materials during unloading, thereby ensuring the safety of material transportation.

[0038] In the embodiment of the utility model, the driving motor 161 is arranged on the outside of the sliding frame 12 for driving. When in use, the staff can move the driving motor 161 to the other end of the outside of the sliding frame 12 according to actual conditions to avoid the driving motor 161 blocking the material during transportation, thereby facilitating the unloading work.

[0039] The outer platform assembly 2 is composed of a cantilever platform 21, a safety guardrail 22, a telescopic frame 23, a telescopic panel 24 and an internally threaded tube 25. The cantilever platform 21 is slidably embedded between the two sliding frames 12, the safety guardrail 22 is installed on both sides above the cantilever platform 21, the telescopic frame 23 is installed on one side of the cantilever platform 21 and is evenly distributed, the telescopic panel 24 is installed above the telescopic frame 23 and docked with the cantilever platform 21, the internally threaded tube 25 is installed at the center of one side of the cantilever platform 21, and the telescopic frame 23 and the internally threaded tube 25 are arranged parallel to the sliding frame 12.

[0040] In the embodiment of the utility model, the cantilever platform 21 can be used to slide outside the building so that it can extend out of the building, thereby facilitating the unloading of materials. By shrinking it, it can be moved out of the lifting mechanism to avoid affecting the lifting of the lifting mechanism, thereby facilitating the operation of the lifting mechanism. At the same time, the safety guardrail 22 can protect the safety of the staff during unloading and prevent the staff from falling from the cantilever platform 21.

[0041] In the embodiment of the utility model, by utilizing the arrangement of the telescopic frame 23 and the telescopic panel 24, when the cantilever platform 21 is extended, the telescopic panel 24 can be docked between the cantilever platform 21 and the inner platform panel 15, thereby avoiding a large gap on the unloading platform and enabling the material to be quickly transported after unloading is completed.

[0042] The rotating angle support mechanism 3 includes a rotating seat 1 31, a rotating seat 2 32, an offset frame 33, a rotating shaft 34, a rotating motor 35, an angle support seat 36 and an angle support frame 37. The rotating seat 1 31 is installed below one end of one of the sliding frames 12, and the rotating seat 2 32 is installed below one end of the other sliding frame 12. The rotating seat 1 31 and the rotating seat 2 32 are staggered, and the offset frame 33 is installed on one side of the rotating seat 2 32. The rotating shaft 34 is arranged in the rotating seat 1 31 and the rotating seat 2 32 and is connected through a bearing. The rotating motor 35 is installed at the lower ends of the rotating seat 1 31 and the rotating seat 2 32 and is connected to the rotating shaft 34. The angle support seat 36 is installed on the rotating shaft 34. The angle support frame 37 is installed on the angle support seat 36. The upper end of the angle support frame 37 is in sliding contact with the lower surface of the cantilever platform 21.

[0043] The first rotating seat 31 and the second rotating seat 32 are both U-shaped structures.

[0044] In the embodiment of the utility model, the angle support frame 37 is rotated to a position perpendicular to the wall, and the cantilever platform 21 is supported to ensure the stability of the cantilever platform 21 and prevent it from shaking. At the same time, the carrying capacity of the cantilever platform 21 can also be improved, and the lifting mechanism can be stably supported to prevent the lifting mechanism from falling directly to the ground due to a malfunction, thereby ensuring the safety of the workers when unloading.

[0045] In the embodiment of the utility model, the staggered rotating seat 1 31 and the staggered rotating seat 2 32 are used to enable the angle support frame 37 to be staggered when it is rotated to be parallel to the wall surface, so that the angle support frame 37 can be rotated out from under the lifting mechanism to avoid affecting the lifting of the lifting mechanism.

[0046] As a telescopic construction safety unloading platform of the utility model, the rotating seat 1 31 contacts the wall of the building, and the rotating seat 2 32 contacts the wall of the building through the offset frame 33; the contact between the rotating seat 1 31 and the rotating seat 2 32 and the wall can be used to improve its supporting force, avoid the rotating seat 1 31 and the rotating seat 2 32 being suspended in the air, thereby ensuring that the corner support frame 37 is in full contact with the cantilever platform 21.

[0047] As a telescopic construction safety unloading platform of the utility model, when the two corner support frames 37 are rotated to be parallel to the wall of the building, they are distributed in parallel; the corner support frames 37 can be fully folded to avoid collision with the lifting mechanism, so as to ensure the rapid lifting and lowering of the lifting mechanism.

[0048] As a telescopic construction safety unloading platform of the utility model, the spacing between the support frame 14 and the inner platform panel 15 is the same as the thickness of the telescopic panel 24; on the one hand, it can facilitate the insertion and withdrawal of the telescopic panel 24 and the telescopic frame 23, and on the other hand, it can also ensure that the inner platform panel 15 is stably supported, improve its bearing capacity, and avoid the inner platform panel 15 from breaking, bending, or falling off due to excessive weight of materials.

[0049] As a telescopic construction safety unloading platform of the utility model, the telescopic frame 23 and the support frame 14 are staggered, the telescopic frame 23 is inserted between two adjacent support frames 14, the support frame 14 is inserted between two adjacent telescopic frames 23, and inserted under the telescopic panel 24, the telescopic panel 24 is located under the inner platform panel 15 and in sliding contact; avoiding the occurrence of gaps between the cantilever platform 21 and the inner platform panel 15, so that materials can be quickly transferred during unloading, improving the unloading efficiency.

[0050] As a telescopic construction safety unloading platform of the utility model, two rotating guardrails 26 are arranged at the outer end of the upper surface of the cantilever platform 21, and the rotating guardrail 26 is movably installed at one end of the safety guardrail 22. The rotating guardrail 26 can be rotated to the inside of the safety guardrail 22 and automatically reset by the torque spring; the cantilever platform 21 can be extended to make the rotating guardrail 26 rotate into the cantilever platform 21 through the push of the lifting mechanism, thereby facilitating the unloading work and ensuring the safety of the staff at the same time.

[0051] When the utility model is used specifically, after the lifting mechanism lifts the material above the cantilever platform 21, the driving motor 161 is controlled to work, and one of the rotating motors 35 is controlled to work, the driving motor 161 drives the adjusting screw 164 to rotate by using the transmission rod 162, and then uses the meshing of the adjusting screw 164 with the internal threaded tube 25 to push the cantilever platform 21 outward, so that the cantilever platform 21 gradually extends out of the building;

[0052] The rotating motor 35 drives the rotating shaft 34 to rotate, so that it drives the angle support seat 36 to rotate, and then the angle support seat 36 drives the angle support frame 37 to rotate 90 degrees, so that it is perpendicular to the wall, and then it is controlled to stop working;

[0053] When the rotary motor 35 adjusts the angle support frame 37 to a suitable position, the other rotary motor 35 is controlled to work, so that the other angle support frame 37 is also adjusted to a position perpendicular to the wall surface, and the work is stopped;

[0054] When the cantilever platform 21 is fully extended, the driving motor 161 is controlled to stop working. At this time, the two angle support frames 37 are supported under the cantilever platform 21. At the same time, the cantilever platform 21 is inserted under the material cage of the material hoist, and then unloading work can be carried out.

[0055] When the cantilever platform 21 is extended, the telescopic frame 23 and the telescopic panel 24 are gradually extended along with the cantilever platform 21 , so that the inner platform component 1 and the outer platform component 2 are connected via the telescopic panel 24 , thereby ensuring the rapid transportation of materials.

[0056] When unloading is completed, the driving motor 161 is controlled to work in reverse, so that it drives the cantilever platform 21 to retract into the sliding frame 12, and then the rotating motor 35 that runs later is controlled to work in reverse, so that it rotates the corner support frame 37 to be parallel to the wall, and then the rotating motor 35 that runs earlier is controlled to work in reverse, so that both corner support frames 37 are moved out from under the lifting mechanism, and then the lifting mechanism can perform lifting work.

[0057] When the device is implemented, the staff fixes the inner platform assembly 1 on the ground inside the building, and the rotating seat 31 and the offset frame 33 can be fixed to the wall by bolts, so that the rotating seat 31 and the offset frame 33 are fixed more firmly, and then the corner support frame 37 is fixed more firmly, so that the cantilever platform 21 support is more stable.

[0058] During the specific implementation of the device, when the cantilever platform 21 starts to move outside the building, as the cantilever platform 21 moves, the rotating guardrail 26 gradually contacts the lifting mechanism, and through the squeezing of the lifting mechanism, the rotating guardrail 26 rotates into the cantilever platform 21, thereby opening the front end of the cantilever platform 21 to facilitate unloading. After the cantilever platform 21 shrinks back into the building, the rotating guardrail 26 automatically resets itself through the elastic force of the torque spring, so that the rotating guardrail 26 blocks the outer end of the cantilever platform, thereby ensuring the safety of the staff.

[0059] The utility model is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the utility model, or are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A telescopic construction safety unloading platform, characterized in that: The invention comprises an inner platform component (1), an outer platform component (2) and a rotating angle brace mechanism (3), wherein the inner platform component (1) is fixed on the ground inside the building, the outer platform component (2) is telescopically mounted on the inner platform component (1), the rotating angle brace mechanism (3) is rotatably stored and mounted on the outer wall of the building, and the rotating angle brace mechanism (3) is supported on the bottom of the outer platform component (2) after it is extended after it is unfolded.

2. A telescopic construction safety unloading platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner platform assembly (1) comprises a base plate (11), two sliding frames (12), two transverse frames (13), a plurality of support frames (14), an inner platform panel (15) and a driving mechanism (16); the base plate (11) is fixed on the ground inside the building; the two sliding frames (12) are fixedly mounted on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the base plate (11); the two transverse frames (13) are arranged in parallel and fixedly mounted on the inner end of the upper surface of the base plate (11); the two transverse frames (13) are fixedly connected to the two sliding frames (12); a plurality of support frames (14) are evenly arranged in parallel between the two sliding frames (12); the bottom of the support frame (14) is fixed on the base plate (11) and the end is fixed on one of the transverse frames (13); the inner platform panel (15) is fixedly mounted on the sliding frame (12) and the two transverse frames (13); and the driving mechanism (16) is arranged on the outside of one of the sliding frames (12).

3. A telescopic construction safety unloading platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner platform panel (15) is located above the support frame (14) and is arranged at a certain distance.

4. A telescopic construction safety unloading platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (16) comprises a driving motor (161), a transmission rod (162), a bevel gear set (163) and an adjusting screw rod (164); the driving motor (161) is mounted on the outside of one of the sliding frames (12); the transmission rod (162) is arranged between two transverse frames (13); the driving motor (161) is connected to the transmission rod (162); the adjusting screw rod (164) is mounted at the center of one of the transverse frames (13); and the bevel gear set (163) is mounted between the adjusting screw rod (164) and the transmission rod (162) and is connected by meshing.

5. A telescopic construction safety unloading platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer platform assembly (2) comprises a cantilever platform (21), a safety guardrail (22), a plurality of telescopic frames (23), a telescopic panel (24) and an internally threaded tube (25). The cantilever platform (21) is slidably embedded between two sliding frames (12). The safety guardrail (22) is installed on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the cantilever platform (21). The plurality of telescopic frames (23) are evenly installed on the inner end surface of the cantilever platform (21). The telescopic frames (23) and the support frames (14) are arranged in a staggered manner. The telescopic panel (24) is installed above the telescopic frame (23) and docked with the cantilever platform (21). The telescopic panel (24) is slidably arranged at the bottom of the inner platform panel (15). The internally threaded tube (25) is installed at the center of the inner end surface of the cantilever platform (21). The adjusting screw (164) is threadedly connected to the internally threaded tube (25).

6. A telescopic construction safety unloading platform according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two rotating guardrails (26) are arranged at the outer end of the upper surface of the cantilever platform (21), and the rotating guardrails (26) are rotatably mounted on the outer end of the safety guardrail (22).

7. A telescopic construction safety unloading platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating angle support mechanism (3) comprises a rotating seat 1 (31), a rotating seat 2 (32), a dislocation frame (33), a rotating shaft (34), a rotating motor (35), an angle support seat (36) and an angle support frame (37). The dislocation frame (33) is mounted on the outer wall of the building below one of the sliding frames (12). The rotating seat 1 (31) is mounted on the outer wall of the building below the other sliding frame (12). The rotating seat 2 (32) is mounted on the outer end of the dislocation frame (33). The rotating shaft (34) is arranged inside the rotating seat 1 (31) and the rotating seat 2 (32). The rotating motor (35) is mounted at the bottom of the rotating seat 1 (31) and the rotating seat 2 (32). The rotating motor (35) is connected to the rotating shaft (34). The angle support seat (36) is mounted on the rotating shaft (34). The angle support frame (37) is mounted on the angle support seat (36). The upper top of the angle support frame (37) contacts the lower surface of the cantilever platform (21).

8. The telescopic construction safety unloading platform according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance between the inner platform panel (15) and the support frame (14) is the same as the thickness of the telescopic panel (24).

9. The telescopic construction safety unloading platform according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating seat 1 (31) and the rotating seat 2 (32) are both U-shaped structures.

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