Combined type anti-leakage formwork

Abstract

The utility model relates to a combined type anti-leakage formwork which comprises an upper formwork and a lower formwork which are used for supporting a concrete structure layer, an upper structure panel provided with a plurality of upper connecting holes is arranged on the bottom face of the upper formwork, and a lower structure panel provided with a plurality of lower connecting holes is arranged on the top face of the lower formwork. The upper formwork and the lower formwork are detachably connected through bolts penetrating through the upper connecting holes and the lower connecting holes, the concrete structure layer comprises a poured layer, a first concrete layer and a second concrete layer, the upper formwork abuts against the second concrete layer, and the lower formwork is provided with a plurality of self-locking anchor rods inserted into the first concrete layer. The lower end of the lower formwork abuts against the poured layer and abuts against the first concrete layer, and the lower end of the lower formwork abuts against the poured layer in the mode of exceeding the range of the first concrete layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of concrete pouring formwork, in particular to a combined anti-leakage formwork. Background Technique

[0002] For the water-facing concrete structure of the urban rail transit underground project, since it directly bears the groundwater pressure, its anti-leakage performance is the key to engineering quality control. To solve this problem, a combined pouring construction method of super-retarding concrete and mass concrete is adopted in the construction technology. The super-retarding concrete has an extremely long setting time, which provides a sufficient time window for the continuous pouring of mass concrete, effectively avoiding construction joints or restraint cracks caused by premature solidification of concrete. During the construction process, first, the super-retarding concrete is used for pouring the foundation part, and then, the mass concrete is poured above the super-retarding concrete. This layered continuous pouring process ensures the seamless and integral nature of the structure, thereby improving the anti-leakage performance of the structure.

[0003] However, due to the difference in strength growth between the bottom super-retarding concrete and the upper mass concrete, this may affect the structural integrity during form removal. To solve this problem, a formwork for combined concrete pouring construction needs to be designed. This formwork should not only be able to bear the weight of the mass concrete but also remain stable before the super-retarding concrete reaches sufficient strength, so as to ensure that the anti-leakage ability of the concrete is not affected.

[0004] CN210152241U proposes a concrete formwork for preventing cracking, including a wall body. Heat conduction plates are arranged on both sides of the wall body. Heat preservation plates are arranged on the sides away from each other of the two heat conduction plates. Fixing plates are arranged on the sides away from each other of the two heat preservation plates. A through pipe is arranged inside the wall body. A sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the through pipe. An elastic extrusion sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the sleeve. An anti-slip sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the elastic extrusion sleeve. A movable rod is slidably connected to the inner surface of the anti-slip sleeve. Both ends of the movable rod penetrate through the through pipe, the heat conduction plate, the heat preservation plate and the fixing plate and extend to one side of the fixing plate.

[0005] The concrete formwork of this patent uses the heat conduction plates to tightly fit on the wall surface, avoiding the cracking of the concrete wall surface caused by the loosening of the concrete formwork, and has an anti-cracking effect. However, the formwork of this patent is aimed at the heat preservation and fastening problems of the formwork during the conventional concrete pouring process, and there is no obvious difference in the strength development of different parts of its concrete structure. Therefore, this formwork cannot be applied to the combined layered pouring construction of super-retarding concrete and mass concrete. In addition, this formwork cannot adopt different fastening connection methods according to different concretes, and thus cannot meet the requirement of layered removal at an appropriate time.

[0006] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in the understanding of those skilled in the art; on the other hand, when the applicant made this utility model, a large number of documents and patents were studied, but due to space limitations, all details and content were not listed in detail. However, this does not mean that this utility model does not possess the features of these prior arts. On the contrary, this utility model already possesses all the features of the prior arts, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior arts in the background art. Summary of the Utility Model

[0007] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, this application proposes a combined anti-leakage formwork, especially a combined anti-leakage formwork for the combined layered pouring construction of super-retarding concrete and mass concrete, aiming to solve one or more technical problems in the prior art.

[0008] In the combined layered pouring construction of super-retarding concrete and mass concrete, the formwork adopted in the prior art does not adopt different fastening connection methods according to the strength development of different concrete layers. In addition, the existing formwork does not consider the requirements of layered demolition and lacks necessary structural design. Therefore, after partial formwork demolition, it is impossible to ensure the structural stability of the formwork that has not been demolished.

[0009] Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, this utility model proposes a combined anti-leakage formwork, which includes an upper formwork and a lower formwork for supporting the concrete structure layer. The bottom surface of the upper formwork is provided with an upper structural panel with a plurality of upper connection holes, and the top surface of the lower formwork is provided with a lower structural panel with a plurality of lower connection holes. The upper formwork and the lower formwork are detachably connected by bolts passing through the upper connection holes and the lower connection holes. The concrete structure layer includes a poured layer, a first concrete layer, and a second concrete layer. Among them, the upper formwork abuts against the second concrete layer, the lower formwork is provided with a plurality of self-locking anchor bolts inserted into the first concrete layer, abuts against the first concrete layer, and the lower end of the lower formwork abuts against the poured layer in a manner that extends beyond the range of the first concrete layer.

[0010] The bolt connection between the upper formwork and the lower formwork of this utility model forms a stable support structure. This connection method can effectively withstand the lateral pressure generated during the concrete pouring and curing process. The bolt connection method allows the upper formwork and the lower formwork to be quickly and selectively disassembled according to the hardening sequence of the concrete, improving the construction efficiency and ensuring the reusability of the formwork at the same time. The combined use of the formwork, especially in the construction of the concrete structure on the water-facing side, forms a sealed anti-leakage system through the close combination of the self-locking anchor bolts with the first concrete layer and the abutment of the upper formwork against the second concrete layer, providing guarantee for the structural stability of the formwork that has not been demolished.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, both the upper formwork and the lower formwork are provided with a back plate resting against the concrete structure layer, and a composite structure including a plurality of vertical ribs and a plurality of horizontal ribs is provided on one side of the back plate away from the concrete structure layer, wherein the vertical ribs are arranged along the height direction of the back plate, and the horizontal ribs are arranged along the width direction of the back plate, so as to form a cross-grid frame structure in space. The arrangement of the back plate and the composite structure significantly improves the rigidity of the formwork, reduces the deformation that may occur during the pouring and curing of concrete, thereby ensuring the geometric accuracy of the concrete structure. The grid-like frame structure formed by the vertical ribs and the horizontal ribs not only provides additional support points, enhances the ability of the formwork system to resist the lateral pressure of concrete, and ensures the structural stability during the construction process, but also helps to evenly distribute the stress generated during the pouring of concrete, reduces cracks or uneven settlement caused by stress concentration, and improves the flatness of the concrete surface and the overall molding quality.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of transverse ribs are arranged in groups at different heights of the upper template in pairs, the webs of two transverse ribs in the same group are arranged opposite to each other, and the flanges are away from each other, and the lower template is provided with at least one group of transverse ribs in the form of leaving space for the installation and removal of the bolts in the lower connection holes. The lower template leaves space for the installation and removal of the bolts, so that the construction workers can tighten and remove the bolts more easily, which improves the convenience and efficiency of the construction, and also facilitates the rapid removal and reuse of the template. The reserved space ensures that the bolts can be correctly aligned with the lower connection holes, thereby ensuring the reliability of the template connection and the stability of the structure.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, a strip-shaped gap for inserting a self-locking anchor is formed between the webs of two transverse ribs in the same group of the lower formwork, and a plurality of anchor holes for the self-locking anchor to penetrate the first concrete layer are provided at the positions corresponding to the gaps on the back plate of the lower formwork. The strip-shaped gap formed between the webs of the transverse ribs provides a precise insertion guide for the self-locking anchor, ensuring that the anchor can be accurately positioned and penetrate the predetermined concrete layer, increasing the anchoring force between the lower formwork and the concrete structure, thereby improving the stability of the overall structure. This design ensures that after the upper formwork is removed, there is still sufficient bonding force between the lower formwork and the concrete layer, improving the integrity and durability of the concrete structure.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, in the case of bolt connection between the upper formwork and the lower formwork, the vertical ribs in the upper formwork and the vertical ribs in the lower formwork are vertically aligned one by one. The one-to-one correspondence of the vertical ribs in the vertical direction enhances the structural continuity between the upper formwork and the lower formwork and improves the stability of the entire formwork system when stressed. In addition, the corresponding design of the vertical ribs enables construction workers to quickly and accurately align the upper and lower formworks according to the positions of the vertical ribs, thus simplifying the formwork alignment steps during construction and improving the construction efficiency.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the self-locking anchor bolt is configured as a detachable outer rod and an inner rod. Before the lower formwork is removed, the outer rod is removed from the surface of the first concrete layer so that the inner rod remains inside the first concrete layer. The self-locking anchor bolt includes an anchor bolt gasket, which is configured to be sleeved on the rod body of the self-locking anchor bolt in the form of a through hole and abuts against the flange of the cross rib. The setting of the anchor bolt gasket forms an integral body with the self-locking anchor bolt, improving the stability during anchoring. In addition, the anchor bolt gasket can evenly transfer the force to the flange of the cross rib, reducing local stress concentration.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, two side surfaces of the upper formwork are respectively provided with an upper structural side plate connected to the upper structural panel, and the plate surface of the upper structural side plate is provided with upper side plate connection holes for horizontal splicing of the upper formwork. The connection holes on the upper structural side plate allow the upper formwork to be spliced in the horizontal direction to adapt to the second concrete layer with different widths, improving the versatility and adaptability of formwork use.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, two side surfaces of the lower formwork are respectively provided with a lower structural side plate connected to the lower structural panel, and the plate surface of the lower structural side plate is provided with lower side plate connection holes for horizontal splicing of the lower formwork. The connection holes on the lower structural side plate allow the lower formwork to be spliced in the horizontal direction to adapt to the first concrete layer with different widths, improving the flexibility of the formwork.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the upper formwork is configured with cross braces, which are arranged between adjacent two groups of cross ribs and are respectively connected to the upper structural side plate and the adjacent vertical rib. The setting of the cross braces enhances the overall stiffness of the upper formwork and prevents large deformation during concrete pouring. In addition, the cross braces can provide intermediate support for the cross ribs, especially in the case of bearing large loads or large spans, improving the local stability of the cross ribs.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, a waterproof strip for preventing water leakage is arranged between the upper structural panel and the lower structural panel. The waterproof strip can effectively prevent water from penetrating at the joint between the upper structural panel and the lower structural panel, which is beneficial to improving the anti-leakage performance of the overall structure. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure after the installation of the upper formwork and the lower formwork of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure after the installation of the upper formwork and the lower formwork of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure after the removal of the upper formwork of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure from the back view of the lower formwork of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the self-locking anchor rod of the present utility model is removed.

[0025] List of Reference Numerals

[0026] 100: upper formwork; 110: upper structural panel; 111: upper connection hole; 120: upper structural side plate; 121: upper side plate connection hole; 130: cross brace; 200: lower formwork; 210: lower structural panel; 211: lower connection hole; 220: waterproof strip; 230: back plate; 240: anchor rod through hole; 260: cross rail; 270: vertical rail; 280: self-locking anchor rod; 281: anchor rod gasket; 290: lower structural side plate; 291: lower side plate connection hole; 300: concrete structure layer; 310: poured layer; 320: first concrete layer; 330: second concrete layer. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0027] The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The present utility model relates to a combined anti-leakage formwork, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it includes an upper formwork 100 and a lower formwork 200, and the two formworks can respectively support different parts of the concrete structural layer 300. Specifically, the concrete structural layer 300 includes a poured layer 310, a first concrete layer 320, and a second concrete layer 330 in the order of pouring. The poured layer 310 is located at the bottom of the entire concrete structural layer 300, the second concrete layer 330 is located at the top of the entire concrete structure, and the first concrete layer 320 is located between the two. Preferably, the first concrete layer 320 is super-retarding concrete, and the second concrete layer 330 is mass concrete. The super-retarding concrete adjusts the setting time of the concrete through special chemical additives or mineral admixtures, giving it an extremely long setting time. This concrete provides a sufficient time window for the continuous pouring of mass concrete, allowing construction workers to carry out construction without the risk of premature setting of the concrete, so as to reduce the occurrence of cracks at the bottom of the concrete. Mass concrete refers to concrete blocks with a relatively large volume, which are usually used in the foundation or walls of underground projects. Mass concrete is usually designed to have high strength and durability to withstand the heavy loads and long-term use of the structure, and its strength growth rate is faster than that of super-retarding concrete.

[0029] Preferably, as Figure 2 shown, the upper formwork 100 can abut against the surface of the second concrete layer 330, the lower formwork 200 can abut against the surface of the first concrete layer 320, and the lower end of the lower formwork 200 extends beyond the range of the first concrete layer 320. This part of the formwork can abut against the poured layer 310. Preferably, the length of the extended part at the lower end of the lower formwork 200 can be 100 mm. This extended part can provide additional support for the lower formwork 200, ensuring that after the upper formwork 100 is removed, the lower formwork 200 can still be stably connected to the poured layer 310, maintaining the integrity of the structure.

[0030] Preferably, as Figure 1 、 Figure 3As shown, the top and bottom surfaces of the upper formwork 100 are provided with an upper structural panel 110, on which a plurality of upper connection holes 111 are provided; the top and bottom surfaces of the lower formwork 200 are provided with a lower structural panel 210, on which a plurality of lower connection holes 211 are provided. The upper formwork 100 and the lower formwork 200 are connected at the joint by means of bolts passing through the upper connection holes 111 and the lower connection holes 211, and a waterproof strip 220 is additionally provided between the two structural panels at the joint to prevent water leakage. These connection holes are preferably Φ14 bolt connection holes, which are arranged according to a certain spacing and layout to ensure that the bolts can evenly transmit force, which can not only ensure the stability and integrity of the formwork, but also can be conveniently removed after the strength of the concrete structure layer 300 is sufficient, so as to meet the construction requirements at different stages. In addition, the upper connection holes 111 are also used for the vertical splicing between the two upper formworks 100 to meet the second concrete layer 330 of different heights.

[0031] Preferably, if Figure 1 As shown, both the upper formwork 100 and the lower formwork 200 are provided with a back plate 230 resting against the concrete structure layer 300. The main function of the back plate 230 is to provide support and stability for the formwork. It is in direct contact with the concrete structure layer 300 and bears the lateral pressure generated during the pouring and curing of the concrete. The side of the back plate 230 away from the concrete structure layer 300 is provided with a composite structure, which includes a plurality of vertical ribs 270 and a plurality of horizontal ribs 260 that can be cross-arranged in space to form a grid-like frame. Such a configuration can enhance the rigidity and bearing capacity of the back plate 230. The vertical ribs 270 are arranged along the height direction of the back plate 230, and their size and spacing can be set by the construction personnel according to the size of the formwork and the load requirements of the concrete structure. The horizontal ribs 260 are arranged along the width direction of the back plate 230, cross-connected with the vertical ribs 270, and form a stable grid structure. The design of the horizontal ribs 260 takes into account the width of the formwork and the load to be borne.

[0032] Preferably, if Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of transverse ribs 260 are arranged in pairs at different heights of the upper formwork 100, and the webs of two transverse ribs 260 in the same group are arranged opposite to each other, and the flanges are separated from each other. The lower formwork 200 is provided with at least one group of transverse ribs 260 in the form of leaving space for the installation and removal of the bolts in the lower connection holes 211. The spacing between two adjacent vertical ribs 270 is preferably set to 250-300 mm, and the spacing between two adjacent groups of transverse ribs 260 is preferably set to 600-800 mm. Since the height of the first concrete layer 320 is usually only a few hundred millimeters, which is much smaller than the height of the second concrete layer 330, the corresponding height of the lower formwork 200 is also only a few hundred millimeters (such as 600 mm). Under such height restrictions, the lower formwork 200 is usually provided with only one group of transverse ribs 260.

[0033] Preferably, if Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the lower formwork 200 is provided with a plurality of self-locking anchor rods 280 inserted into the first concrete layer 320, and a strip-shaped gap for inserting the self-locking anchor rods 280 is formed between the webs of the two transverse ribs 260 in the same group of the lower formwork 200, ensuring that the self-locking anchor rods 280 can be accurately inserted along a predetermined path. A plurality of anchor rod through holes 240 for the self-locking anchor rods 280 to penetrate the first concrete layer 320 are provided at positions corresponding to the gaps in the back plate 230 of the lower formwork 200. After the self-locking anchor rods 280 pass through the strip-shaped gaps and the anchor rod through holes 240, they are tightly combined with the first concrete layer 320 by using their self-locking function, and can provide a firm support for the lower formwork 200.

[0034] Preferably, if Figure 2 As shown, an anchor gasket 281 is also provided on the rod body of the self-locking anchor rod 280. The anchor gasket 281 is sleeved on the rod body of the self-locking anchor rod 280 through its through hole, providing a stable contact surface to ensure that the self-locking anchor rod 280 maintains a fixed posture when subjected to force, reducing sliding or offset. The presence of the anchor gasket 281 increases the contact area between the self-locking anchor rod 280 and the cross rib 260, which helps to more evenly disperse the force transmitted from the self-locking anchor rod 280 to the cross rib 260, thereby reducing local stress. In addition, the anchor gasket 281 can be adjusted or replaced according to the size of different cross ribs 260 to adapt to cross ribs 260 of different widths, thereby improving the stability of the self-locking anchor rod 280.

[0035] Preferably, if Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the self-locking anchor rod 280 is designed as a detachable two-piece structure, including an inner rod and an outer rod, both with the same diameter. This design allows for the quick assembly and disassembly of the self-locking anchor rod 280. During assembly, a conical plastic plug is provided at the splicing joint of the two rod bodies, with a nut reserved inside, enabling the detachable connection of the inner rod with a threaded end and the outer rod through the nut. Before the pouring of the first concrete layer 320, the assembly of the inner rod and the outer rod of the self-locking anchor rod 280 should be completed. The inner rod can be welded to the steel mesh or steel skeleton to be poured, ensuring a firm weld and keeping the conical plastic plug flush with the surface of the first concrete layer 320 to prevent slurry leakage during the pouring process. The outer rod of the self-locking anchor rod 280 is designed with sufficient length to enable it to pass through the anchor rod through-hole 240 reserved in the lower formwork 200 and extend a certain length on the front of the formwork, facilitating the operation of the construction workers. When the setting strength of the first concrete layer 320 reaches the standard, the construction workers can remove the outer rod from the concrete surface by turning the self-locking anchor rod 280. At this time, the inner rod remains inside the concrete as a consumable, playing the role of strengthening the wall. The removed outer rod can be recycled, thereby reducing the construction cost and increasing the reuse rate of materials.

[0036] Preferably, as Figure 1 , Figure 3 shown, on each of the two sides of the upper formwork 100, there is respectively provided an upper structural side plate 120 connected to the upper structural panel 110. The plate surface of the upper structural side plate 120 is provided with upper side plate connection holes 121 for the horizontal splicing of the upper formwork 100. The upper side plate connection holes 121 can be designed as standardized interfaces, facilitating the quick and precise horizontal splicing between different upper formworks 100. The upper side plate connection holes 121 allow the upper formwork 100 to be horizontally expanded or reduced according to specific construction requirements, improving the flexibility and adaptability of formwork installation. In addition, the upper side plate connection holes 121 provide clear alignment marks, ensuring that the sides of the spliced upper formwork 100 are flat and aligned, guaranteeing the geometric accuracy of the concrete structure. Similarly, for the convenience of the horizontal splicing of the lower formwork 200, on each of the two sides of the lower formwork 200, there is respectively provided a lower structural side plate 290 connected to the lower structural panel 210. The plate surface of the lower structural side plate 290 is provided with lower side plate connection holes 291 for the horizontal splicing of the lower formwork 200.

[0037] Preferably, as Figure 2 shown, between two adjacent groups of cross braces 260 of the upper formwork 100, a cross strut 130 is configured. The cross strut 130 can provide additional support for the upper formwork 100, significantly enhancing the lateral stiffness of the structure of the upper formwork 100. In addition, as a load-bearing member, the cross strut 130 can be set in the form of steel bars or steel plates and connected to the upper structural side plate 120 and the vertical braces 270, which helps to disperse and bear the load generated during the pouring of concrete, improving the overall load-bearing capacity of the formwork.

[0038] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present utility model, and these solutions also fall within the disclosure scope of the present utility model and within the protection scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the specification and drawings of the present utility model are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The protection scope of the present utility model is defined by the claims and their equivalents. Throughout the text, the features guided by "preferably" are only an optional manner and should not be understood as being necessarily provided. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to waive or delete the relevant preferred features at any time.

Claims

1. A combined anti-seepage formwork, comprising an upper formwork (100) and a lower formwork (200) for supporting a concrete structure layer (300), characterized in that: The bottom surface of the upper formwork (100) is provided with an upper structure panel (110) having a plurality of upper connection holes (111), and the top surface of the lower formwork (200) is provided with a lower structure panel (210) having a plurality of lower connection holes (211). The upper formwork (100) and the lower formwork (200) are detachably connected by means of bolts passing through the upper connection holes (111) and the lower connection holes (211). The concrete structure layer (300) includes a cast layer (310), a first concrete layer (320) and a second concrete layer (330), wherein the upper formwork (100) abuts against the second concrete layer (330), the lower formwork (200) is provided with a plurality of self-locking anchor rods (280) inserted into the first concrete layer (320), and abuts against the first concrete layer (320), and the lower end of the lower formwork (200) abuts against the cast layer (310) in a manner exceeding the range of the first concrete layer (320).

2. The combined anti-leakage formwork according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper formwork (100) and the lower formwork (200) are both provided with a back plate (230) resting against the concrete structure layer (300), and a composite structure including a plurality of vertical ribs (270) and a plurality of horizontal ribs (260) is provided on a side of the back plate (230) away from the concrete structure layer (300). The vertical ribs (270) are arranged along the height direction of the backboard (230), and the horizontal ribs (260) are arranged along the width direction of the backboard (230), so as to form a cross-grid frame structure in space.

3. The combined anti-leakage formwork according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of the transverse ribs (260) are arranged in pairs at different heights on the upper template (100) in a plurality of groups, the webs of two transverse ribs (260) in the same group are arranged opposite to each other, and the flanges are away from each other. The lower template (200) is provided with at least one group of the transverse ribs (260) in the form of leaving space for the installation and removal of the bolts in the lower connecting hole (211).

4. The combined anti-leakage formwork according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A strip-shaped gap for inserting the self-locking anchor rod (280) is formed between the webs of the two transverse ribs (260) in the same group of the lower formwork (200), and a plurality of anchor rod through holes (240) for the self-locking anchor rod (280) to penetrate into the first concrete layer (320) are provided on the back plate (230) in the lower formwork (200) at positions corresponding to the gaps.

5. The combined anti-leakage formwork according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the upper formwork (100) and the lower formwork (200) are connected by bolts, the vertical ribs (270) in the upper formwork (100) and the vertical ribs (270) in the lower formwork (200) correspond one to one in the vertical direction.

6. The combined anti-leakage formwork according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-locking anchor rod (280) is configured as an outer rod and an inner rod that are detachably connected, wherein before the lower formwork (200) is removed, the outer rod is removed from the surface of the first concrete layer (320) to leave the inner rod inside the first concrete layer (320), The self-locking anchor rod (280) comprises an anchor rod gasket (281), and the anchor rod gasket (281) is configured to be sleeved on the outer rod body surface of the self-locking anchor rod (280) in the form of a through hole, and abut against the flange of the transverse rib (260).

7. The combined anti-leakage formwork according to claim 2, characterized in that: An upper structure side plate (120) connected to the upper structure panel (110) is respectively arranged on the two side surfaces of the upper formwork (100), and the plate surface of the upper structure side plate (120) is provided with an upper side plate connecting hole (121) for transversely splicing the upper formwork (100).

8. The combined anti-leakage formwork according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A lower structure side plate (290) connected to the lower structure panel (210) is respectively arranged on the two side surfaces of the lower formwork (200), and a lower side plate connecting hole (291) for transversely splicing the lower formwork (200) is opened on the plate surface of the lower structure side plate (290).

9. The combined anti-leakage formwork according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper formwork (100) is provided with a transverse brace (130), and the transverse brace (130) is arranged between two adjacent groups of the transverse ribs (260), and is respectively connected to the upper structure side panels (120) and the adjacent vertical ribs (270).

10. The combined anti-leakage formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waterproof strip (220) is arranged between the upper structure panel (110) and the lower structure panel (210) to prevent water leakage.

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