Carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residues

Abstract

The carbon powder preparation furnace comprises a furnace body (1) and a preheating box (20) which is arranged on the upper side of the furnace body (1) and can be assembled and disassembled relative to the furnace body (1), a plurality of groups of treatment channels (2) which are arranged up and down are arranged in the furnace body (1), a feed opening (3) is formed in the lower side of one end of each treatment channel (2), and the feed openings (3) of the adjacent treatment channels (2) are arranged in a staggered mode. The treatment channel (2) sequentially comprises a preheating channel (5), a carbonization channel (6) and a cooling channel (7) from top to bottom, a heating layer (8) for providing heat required by material carbonization is arranged in the carbonization channel (6), and first material pushing plates (4) capable of pushing materials to move are arranged at one ends of the carbonization channel (6) and the cooling channel (7). The carbonization furnace can play a good role in preheating and drying materials, and the carbonization effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a carbon powder preparation furnace, in particular to a carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residues. Background Art

[0002] Carbon powder is a kind of fine carbon black particles with various uses and applications. Due to its large surface area and microporous structure, carbon powder has strong adsorption ability. Therefore, it is commonly used as an adsorbent in air and water treatment to remove pollutants and odor substances. Carbon powder is also widely used in fields such as coatings, plastic products, rubber products, dyes, and pyrotechnics, with very diverse uses. At present, many enterprises use biomass materials such as biogas residues, wood chips, fruit shells, medicinal residues, and straws to prepare carbon powder in order to improve the utilization rate of resources. However, the moisture content of the above materials is relatively large, about 20 - 50%, which affects the carbonization process and is prone to incomplete carbonization. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residues, which can play a good role in preheating and drying the materials and improve the carbonization effect.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model: A carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residues includes a furnace body and a preheating box arranged on the upper side of the furnace body and capable of being disassembled and assembled relative to the furnace body. A plurality of processing channels are arranged up and down in the furnace body. A feeding port is arranged on the lower side of one end of the processing channel, and the feeding ports of adjacent processing channels are arranged in a staggered manner. The processing channels are, from top to bottom, a preheating channel, a carbonization channel, and a cooling channel. A heating layer for providing heat required for material carbonization is arranged in the carbonization channel. A first pusher plate for pushing the material to move is arranged at one end of the carbonization channel and the cooling channel. A first hydraulic cylinder for driving the first pusher plate to move horizontally is arranged on one side of the first pusher plate. A driving component for driving the material to move is arranged in the preheating channel.

[0005] In the aforementioned carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residues, the driving component is a stainless - steel conveying chain.

[0006] In the aforementioned carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residues, the driving component includes a second hydraulic cylinder arranged at the end of the preheating channel, and a second pusher plate for pushing the material to move along the preheating channel is arranged on one side of the second hydraulic cylinder.

[0007] In the aforementioned carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residues, a plurality of preheating chambers are arranged up and down in the preheating box, and a stainless - steel conveying chain for driving the material to move along the preheating chamber is arranged in the preheating chamber.

[0008] In the aforementioned carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residues, one side of the heating layer is connected to a biomass gasifier installed outside the furnace body through a gas pipeline.

[0009] In the aforementioned carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue, a gas guide pipe for heating the preheating channel is provided on one side of the carbonization channel. An interface corresponding to the gas guide pipe is provided on the side wall of the preheating channel. A smoke exhaust pipe is provided on the upper side of the upper end of the preheating channel away from the feeding port; an oxygen supply pipe is provided in the carbonization channel, and opening and closing sealing doors for isolating the preheating channel and the cooling channel are provided on the upper and lower sides of the carbonization channel.

[0010] In the aforementioned carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue, a biogas combustion chamber is provided on one side of the feeding port of the lowermost preheating channel.

[0011] In the aforementioned carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue, a hoist is provided on the lower side of the feeding port of the cooling channel.

[0012] In the aforementioned carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue, a temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring temperature and humidity is provided in the treatment channel.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. By setting a detachable preheating box in this application, the preheating box can be selected for assembly according to the moisture content of the carbon powder preparation raw material. If the moisture content of the raw material is low, there is no need to assemble the preheating box, which can reduce the space required by the equipment. If the moisture content of the raw material is high, the preheating box is installed on the upper side of the furnace body, and the preheating and drying effect of the material can be further improved through the preheating box, enhancing the quality of carbon powder preparation.

[0015] 2. By setting multiple groups of treatment channels arranged up and down in this application, and the feeding ports are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the material can have sufficient treatment time under the action of the stacking plate. In particular, the material can be fully dried in the preheating channel, and the moisture content of the material is less than 10% when entering the carbonization channel, and the carbonization quality is good.

[0016] 3. By setting a heating layer for providing the heat required for carbonizing the material under the carbonization channel in this application, the material in the carbonization channel can be subjected to dry distillation carbonization, thereby generating gases such as methane for hydrogen production and improving the additional output value. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the utility model without the preheating box installed;

[0020] Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of multiple groups of furnace bodies and preheating boxes of the present utility model arranged side by side;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model without a preheating box installed;

[0024] The marks in the drawings are: 1 - furnace body, 2 - treatment channel, 3 - blanking port, 4 - first pushing plate, 5 - preheating channel, 6 - carbonization channel, 7 - cooling channel, 8 - heating layer, 9 - biomass gasification furnace, 10 - gas transmission pipe, 11 - air guide pipe, 12 - smoke exhaust pipe, 13 - oxygen supply pipe, 14 - biogas combustion chamber, 15 - elevator, 16 - temperature and humidity sensor, 18 - opening and closing sealing door, 19 - first hydraulic cylinder, 20 - preheating box, 21 - preheating chamber, 22 - stainless steel conveying chain, 23 - second hydraulic cylinder, 24 - second pushing plate. Specific embodiments

[0025] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further specifically described below through embodiments in conjunction with the drawings.

[0026] Embodiment 1. A carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue, the structure is as Figure 1 shown, including a furnace body 1 and a preheating box 20 arranged on the upper side of the furnace body 1 and detachably assembled relative to the furnace body 1. A plurality of treatment channels 2 are arranged up and down in the furnace body 1. A blanking port 3 is arranged on the lower side of one end of the treatment channel 2, and the blanking ports 3 of adjacent treatment channels 2 are arranged in a staggered manner. The treatment channels 2 are successively a preheating channel 5, a carbonization channel 6, and a cooling channel 7 from top to bottom. A heating layer 8 for providing heat required for material carbonization is arranged in the carbonization channel 6. A first pushing plate 4 capable of pushing the material to move is arranged at one end of the carbonization channel 6 and the cooling channel 7. A first hydraulic cylinder 19 for driving the first pushing plate 4 to move horizontally is arranged on one side of the first pushing plate 4. A driving assembly for driving the material to move is arranged in the preheating channel 5.

[0027] The driving assembly includes a second hydraulic cylinder 23 arranged at the end of the preheating channel 5, and a second pushing plate 24 for pushing the material to move along the preheating channel 5 is arranged on one side of the second hydraulic cylinder 23.

[0028] One side of the carbonization channel 6 is provided with an air guide pipe 11 for supplying heat to the preheating channel 5. The side wall of the preheating channel 5 is provided with an interface corresponding to the air guide pipe 11. A smoke exhaust pipe 12 is provided on the upper side of the preheating channel 5 at the end far from the blanking port 3. An oxygen supply pipe 13 is provided in the carbonization channel 6. Opening and closing sealing doors 18 for isolating the preheating channel 5 and the cooling channel 7 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the carbonization channel 6.

[0029] A hoist 15 is provided below the blanking port 3 of the cooling channel 7.

[0030] A temperature and humidity sensor 16 for monitoring temperature and humidity is provided in the treatment channel 2.

[0031] Working principle of the utility model: The utility model mainly uses biomass materials such as biogas residue, wood chips, fruit shells, medicinal residues, and straw to prepare carbon powder. Since the above materials have a relatively high water content, which will affect the carbonization effect, this application will select whether to set a preheating box 20 on the upper side of the furnace body 1 according to the moisture content of the raw materials to further improve the drying effect of the raw materials. When processing raw materials with a relatively high moisture content, only drying and preheating the raw materials through the preheating channel 5 cannot guarantee the drying effect of the raw materials. Therefore, a preheating box 20 is set on the furnace body 1, and the raw materials will move in the preheating chamber 21 in the preheating box 20 under the action of the stainless steel conveyor chain 22 to further improve the drying effect. When preparing carbon powder with raw materials having a relatively low moisture content, there is no need to set a preheating box 20 on the furnace body 1, thereby reducing the occupied space of the equipment, and the raw materials are dried through the preheating channel. Under the action of the first pusher plate 4, the material can move along the processing channel 2. The first pusher plate 4 is driven by the first hydraulic cylinder 19 to move horizontally in the processing channel 2 and can push the material to move along the direction of the discharge port 3 of the processing channel 2. The first pusher plate 4 includes a vertical plate connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 19, and a horizontal plate perpendicular to the vertical plate is provided at the upper end of the vertical plate. When the first hydraulic cylinder 19 is pushed out, the horizontal plate can block the first hydraulic cylinder 19, preventing the material from falling on the side of the first pusher plate close to the first hydraulic cylinder 19 when the upper material falls, and causing the material to leak during the movement of the first pusher plate, with good reliability. Then, the opening and closing seal door 18 at the discharge port 3 of the preheating channel 5 on the carbonization channel 6 will be opened to allow the material to fall into the carbonization channel 6, and the opening and closing seal doors 18 on the upper and lower sides of the carbonization channel 6 will be closed to carbonize the material in the carbonization channel 6. Carbonization can provide heat to the heating layer 8 through the biomass gasifier 9, so that the material undergoes dry distillation carbonization, and gases such as methane and carbon monoxide can be generated. The gas can be made into methanol and then into hydrogen. And the dry distillation tail gas can be transported to the preheating channel 5 and the preheating box 20 through the air duct 11 to dry the materials in the preheating channel 5 and the preheating chamber 21. The interface between the preheating channel 5 and the air duct 11 is provided on the side walls of the preheating channel 5 and the preheating chamber 21. Thus, the dry distillation tail gas can move upward along the preheating channel 3 to dry the materials and finally be discharged from the smoke exhaust pipe 12. In this way, the heat of the dry distillation tail gas can be fully utilized to improve the drying and preheating effect. The tail gas discharged from the smoke exhaust pipe 12 will be sent to an external tail gas purification device for treatment, for dust removal, activated carbon deodorization, and sodium oxide spray desulfurization. The temperature and humidity in the carbonization channel 6 are detected by the temperature and humidity sensor 16. If it is found that the temperature is not enough for thorough carbonization, oxygen can also be supplied into the carbonization channel 6 to improve the carbonization effect. The fully carbonized material will be discharged into the cooling channel 7 by opening the opening and closing seal door 18, and the material will be cooled in the cooling channel 7. After cooling, it will be transported outward under the action of the elevator 15. The conveyor can be selected as a jacketed auger feeder.Among them, the temperature of the carbonization channel 6 is 300 - 600 degrees Celsius, which can be controlled by controlling the temperature and quantity of the hot gas transported from the biomass gasifier 9 to the heating layer 8, or the temperature can be adjusted by controlling the oxygen supply. The temperature in the preheating channel 5 is controlled within the range of 150 - 300 degrees Celsius. The temperature of the uppermost preheating channel 5 is about 120 degrees Celsius for low-temperature drying of the material. The temperatures of the lower two preheating channels are about 200 degrees Celsius for medium-temperature drying of the material, so that the humidity at the discharge port 3 of the lowermost preheating channel 5 can be maintained at 10%. When the humidity sensor detects high humidity, the temperature in the preheating channel 5 can be increased by the biogas combustion chamber 14 to improve the preheating and drying effect, or the material in the preheating channel 5 can be directly ignited to make the material burn and increase the temperature in the preheating channel. The temperature of the preheating channel 5 can be adjusted by controlling the supply of hot gas from the carbonization channel 6 to the preheating channel. In production, a group or multiple groups of furnace bodies and preheating boxes arranged side by side can be set according to needs, and the tail gas of the exhaust pipe 12 can be collected through the main smoke pipe.

[0032] Example 2. On the basis of Example 1, a stainless steel conveyor chain 22 is used to convey the material in the preheating channel 5 to prevent the material from being compacted during the pushing process of the second pusher plate 24, which affects the preheating and drying effect of the material.

[0033] Example 3. A secondary combustion chamber is arranged at one end of the carbonization channel 6 to burn the combustible gas generated by the biomass gasifier, and the hot gas generated by the combustion is transported to the heating layer 8 to heat the raw materials in the heating layer 8.

[0034] Example 4. On the basis of Example 1 or 2, a biogas combustion chamber 14 is provided on one side of the discharge port 3 of the lowermost preheating channel 5. When the temperature and humidity sensor in the preheating channel 5 detects that the temperature in the preheating channel 5 is low and the overall humidity of the material is high, the biogas combustion chamber 14 can be used to further provide the heat required for preheating and drying the preheating channel 5 to prevent the situation that the heat provided by the lower carbonization channel 6 is insufficient, so as to have a better preheating and drying effect.

Claims

1. A carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue, characterized in that: The invention comprises a furnace body (1) and a preheating box (20) which is arranged on the upper side of the furnace body (1) and can be assembled and disassembled relative to the furnace body (1). The furnace body (1) is provided with a plurality of processing channels (2) arranged up and down. A discharge port (3) is provided at the lower side of one end of the processing channel (2), and the discharge ports (3) of adjacent processing channels (2) are arranged in a staggered manner. The processing channels (2) are sequentially provided with a preheating channel (5), a carbonization channel (6) and a cooling channel (7) from top to bottom. A heating layer (8) is provided in the carbonization channel (6) for providing heat required for carbonization of the material. A first push plate (4) which can push the material to move is provided at one end of the carbonization channel (6) and the cooling channel (7). A first hydraulic cylinder (19) which drives the first push plate (4) to move horizontally is provided on one side of the first push plate (4). A driving component which drives the material to move is provided in the preheating channel (5).

2. The carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component is a stainless steel conveyor chain (22).

3. The carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a second hydraulic cylinder (23) arranged at the end of the preheating channel (5), and a second pushing plate (24) for pushing the material to move along the preheating channel (5) is provided on one side of the second hydraulic cylinder (23).

4. The carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating box (20) is provided with a plurality of groups of preheating chambers (21) arranged vertically, and the preheating chambers (21) are provided with stainless steel conveying chains (22) for driving materials to move along the preheating chambers (21).

5. The carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the heating layer (8) is connected to a biomass gasification furnace (9) installed outside the furnace body (1) via a gas delivery pipe (10).

6. The carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air guide pipe (11) for supplying heat to the preheating channel (5) is provided on one side of the carbonization channel (6); an interface corresponding to the air guide pipe (11) is provided on the side wall of the preheating channel (5); a smoke exhaust pipe (12) is provided on the upper side of the uppermost preheating channel (5) away from the discharge port (3); an oxygen supply pipe (13) is provided in the carbonization channel (6); and opening and closing sealing doors (18) for isolating the carbonization channel (6) from the preheating channel (5) and the cooling channel (7) are provided on the upper and lower sides of the carbonization channel (6).

7. The carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue according to claim 6, characterized in that: A biogas combustion chamber (14) is provided on one side of the material discharge port (3) of the lowermost preheating channel (5).

8. The carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hoist (15) is provided at the lower side of the material discharge port (3) of the cooling channel (7).

9. The carbon powder preparation furnace based on biomass waste residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing channel (2) is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor (16) for monitoring temperature and humidity.

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