Supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower
By using two sets of helical components with opposite spiral directions in the supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower to form a spiral flow effect, the problem of carbon dioxide entrainment alcohol affecting the separation effect is solved, and the full separation of alcohol and carbon dioxide and the purification of carbon dioxide are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422029152.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-20
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art In the supercritical carbon dioxide separation process, the alcohol entrained by carbon dioxide affects the normal operation of subsequent liquefaction and pressurization processes, and the separation effect is not good.
Two sets of spiral components with opposite spiral directions are used to change the fluid direction, form a spiral flow effect, increase the flow area and flow path, improve the mass transfer effect between carbon dioxide and alcohol, and achieve full separation of alcohol and carbon dioxide.
Through the spiral flow effect, the mass transfer effect between carbon dioxide and alcohol is improved, the full separation between alcohol and carbon dioxide is achieved, and the carbon dioxide is purified, ensuring the normal operation of the subsequent liquefaction and pressurization process.
Smart Images
Figure CN222969415U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of supercritical carbon dioxide separation, and more specifically, to a supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower. Background Art
[0002] The main process of extracting tobacco with supercritical carbon dioxide is as follows: Carbon dioxide in a supercritical state enters the extraction kettle. Under specific process conditions such as pressure, temperature, and flow rate, it dissolves the required active ingredients. After the carbon dioxide dissolved with the solute flows out of the extraction kettle, it enters the separation system after pressure reduction and vaporization. In the separation system, the carbon dioxide becomes a gaseous state, greatly reducing the solubility of carbon dioxide, and the dissolved active ingredients are resolved and separated from the dissolved components. After the pure carbon dioxide is liquefied at low temperature, it is pressurized by a high-pressure pump and heated by a heater to reach the supercritical state and meet the conditions required for extraction, and then enters the extraction kettle to cycle for extraction operations. However, in order to improve the extraction efficiency and effect, a large amount of alcohol is added when dissolving tobacco active ingredients in the extraction kettle. After the separation system separates the active ingredients from carbon dioxide, the separated carbon dioxide entrains part of the alcohol. This entrainment will cause abnormal operations in subsequent processes such as liquefaction and pressurization, and at the same time affect the efficiency of carbon dioxide re-entering the extraction link.
[0003] The prior art discloses an internal heat exchange type supercritical carbon dioxide separation method and device. The device includes a separation kettle housing. A fluid inlet is provided at the middle position of the separation kettle housing. A heat exchange coil is provided below the fluid inlet. A coil water inlet is provided at the upper end of the heat exchange coil. A coil water outlet is provided at the lower end of the heat exchange coil. The heat exchange coil is arranged inside the separation kettle housing. A fluid outlet is provided above the separation kettle. A foam catcher is provided between the fluid outlet and the fluid inlet. A material outlet is provided at the bottom of the separation kettle housing. In this solution, when separating carbon dioxide and alcohol, the carbon dioxide is vaporized by heat and rises into the foam catcher. Only the gaseous carbon dioxide is filtered out by the foam catcher, and the alcohol liquid is aggregated and condensed and then flows back to the bottom of the housing and discharged. The mass transfer effect between the carbon dioxide fluid and the alcohol liquid is poor, and the separation effect is not good. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower. Through two sets of spiral components with opposite spiral directions, the fluid direction can be changed to make the fluid form a spiral flow effect, increasing the flow area and flow path, improving the mass transfer effect between the rising carbon dioxide entraining alcohol and the alcohol liquid intercepted by the foam catcher, effectively integrating the alcohol entrained by the carbon dioxide into the refluxing alcohol, achieving the full separation of alcohol and carbon dioxide, and realizing the purification of carbon dioxide.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows:
[0006] Provide a supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower, including a shell and a heat exchanger and a demister arranged in the shell. A fluid inlet is arranged on the bottom side wall of the shell, a first outlet is arranged at the bottom of the shell, a second outlet is arranged at the top of the shell. The heat exchanger is arranged below the fluid inlet, the demister is arranged at the top of the shell, and the second outlet is located above the demister; further includes a spiral assembly arranged in the shell for guiding the fluid, and the spiral assembly spirally extends along the height direction of the shell; there are two groups of the spiral assemblies, namely a first spiral assembly and a second spiral assembly. The first spiral assembly is located between the demister and the second spiral assembly, the second spiral assembly is located between the first spiral assembly and the heat exchanger, and the spiral directions of the first spiral assembly and the second spiral assembly are opposite.
[0007] When the supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower of the present utility model is in use, carbon dioxide entraining alcohol is introduced from the fluid inlet, and the carbon dioxide is vaporized by heating through the heat exchanger, reducing the solubility of carbon dioxide, so that the alcohol precipitates and is discharged from the first outlet. The vaporized carbon dioxide entraining part of the alcohol moves upward under the guiding action of the spiral assembly, first spirally moves through the second spiral assembly, and then reversely spirally moves through the first spiral assembly. The alcohol liquid is intercepted by the demister, and the carbon dioxide passing through the demister is discharged from the second outlet. Among them, the intercepted alcohol liquid can be guided to flow back through the spiral assembly, first spirally moves through the first spiral assembly, and then reversely spirally moves through the second spiral assembly. During the spiral movement of the fluid, mass transfer occurs between the carbon dioxide entraining alcohol and the flowing-back alcohol liquid, and the alcohol entrained by the carbon dioxide is incorporated into the flowing-back alcohol liquid, achieving the full separation of alcohol. The flowing-back alcohol is then discharged from the first outlet. In this embodiment, through two groups of spiral assemblies with opposite spiral directions, the direction and speed of the fluid can be changed, so that the fluid forms a spiral flow effect, increasing the flow area and flow path, without a flow dead zone, improving the mass transfer effect between the upward carbon dioxide entraining alcohol and the alcohol liquid intercepted by the demister, achieving the full separation of alcohol and carbon dioxide, and realizing the purification of carbon dioxide.
[0008] Furthermore, it further includes a liquid collector, and the liquid collector is arranged between the first spiral assembly and the second spiral assembly. Through the liquid collector, the fluid gradually distributed on the shell wall can be redistributed, so that the fluid is guided from the shell wall to the spiral assembly.
[0009] Further, the spiral assembly includes a shaft rod and a plurality of blades. The shaft rod is fixedly arranged inside the housing. The plurality of blades are evenly spaced around the outer periphery of the shaft rod, and the blades extend spirally along the axial direction of the shaft rod. The spirally extending blades can increase the flow path of the fluid, enlarge the convection area between the rising carbon dioxide and the refluxing alcohol, adjust the flow direction and speed, and enhance the mass transfer effect.
[0010] Further, the spiral angle of the blade is 10° - 20°, which not only increases the fluid flow path but also ensures that the carbon dioxide fluid keeps rising and the alcohol liquid keeps flowing downward in reflux.
[0011] Further, each blade includes a plurality of spiral arms evenly spaced along the axial direction of the shaft rod, and the plurality of spiral arms of the same blade are spirally distributed around the outer periphery of the shaft rod. The arrangement of the plurality of spiral arms can reduce the weight of the blade and enlarge the convection area between the rising carbon dioxide and the refluxing alcohol liquid.
[0012] Further, the adjacent spiral arms of the same blade are axially spaced 8 mm - 36 mm along the shaft rod.
[0013] Further, each spiral arm includes a connecting rod and a plurality of convex bodies spaced on the connecting rod. When the two-way fluid convects on the surface of the spiral assembly, the alcohol liquid is distributed on the surface of the convex bodies according to the Coanda effect, increasing the contact area with the rising carbon dioxide gas and further improving the mass transfer effect and efficiency.
[0014] Further, the number of the convex bodies is 4 - 10. As the number of the convex bodies gradually increases, the convection area of the fluid gradually enlarges.
[0015] Further, the convex body is a titanium alloy structure. Titanium alloy has high strength, good corrosion resistance and high heat resistance.
[0016] Further, the convex body is a spherical structure, and the diameter of the convex body is 5 mm - 15 mm. The spherical structure of the convex body has better conductivity; as the diameter of the convex body increases, the convection area of the fluid enlarges.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower of the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] Through two sets of spiral assemblies with opposite spiral directions, the fluid direction can be changed to form a spiral flow effect of the fluid, enlarge the flow area and flow path, improve the mass transfer effect between the rising carbon dioxide entraining alcohol and the alcohol liquid intercepted by the foam trap, effectively integrate the alcohol entrained by the carbon dioxide into the refluxing alcohol, achieve the full separation of alcohol and carbon dioxide, and realize the purification of carbon dioxide. Description of the Drawings
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a spiral assembly in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional view of the spiral assembly in an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0022] In the drawings: 1 - housing; 11 - fluid inlet; 12 - first outlet; 13 - second outlet; 2 - heat exchanger; 3 - spiral assembly; 31 - shaft rod; 32 - connecting rod; 33 - convex body; 4 - demister; 5 - liquid collector. Specific embodiments
[0023] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Among them, the drawings are only for illustrative purposes, showing only schematic diagrams, not physical diagrams, and should not be construed as a limitation of this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model, some components in the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of actual products; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.
[0024] In the drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as a limitation of this patent. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0025] Embodiment 1
[0026] A supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it includes a housing 1, a heat exchanger 2 and a mist eliminator 4 disposed inside the housing 1. A fluid inlet 11 is provided on the bottom side wall of the housing 1, a first outlet 12 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1, and a second outlet 13 is provided at the top of the housing 1. The heat exchanger 2 is disposed below the fluid inlet 11, and the mist eliminator 4 is disposed at the top of the housing 1, and the second outlet 13 is located above the mist eliminator 4. It further includes a spiral assembly 3 disposed inside the housing 1 for guiding the fluid, and the spiral assembly 3 spirally extends along the height direction of the housing 1. There are two sets of spiral assemblies 3, namely a first spiral assembly and a second spiral assembly. The first spiral assembly is located between the mist eliminator 4 and the second spiral assembly, and the second spiral assembly is located between the first spiral assembly and the heat exchanger 2, and the spiral directions of the first spiral assembly and the second spiral assembly are opposite.
[0027] For the above-mentioned supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower, during use, carbon dioxide entrained with alcohol is introduced from the fluid inlet 11, and the carbon dioxide is vaporized by heating through the heat exchanger 2, reducing the solubility of carbon dioxide, causing the alcohol to precipitate and be discharged from the first outlet 12. The vaporized carbon dioxide entraining part of the alcohol moves upward under the guiding action of the spiral assembly 3, first spirally moves through the second spiral assembly, and then reversely spirally moves through the first spiral assembly. The alcohol liquid is intercepted by the mist eliminator 4, and the carbon dioxide passing through the mist eliminator 4 is discharged from the second outlet 13. Among them, the intercepted alcohol liquid can be guided by the spiral assembly 3 to flow back, first spirally move through the first spiral assembly, and then reversely spirally move through the second spiral assembly. During the spiral movement of the fluid, mass transfer occurs between the carbon dioxide entraining alcohol and the flowing-back alcohol liquid, integrating the alcohol entrained by the carbon dioxide into the flowing-back alcohol, achieving the full separation of the alcohol. The flowing-back alcohol is then discharged from the first outlet 12. In this embodiment, through the two sets of spiral assemblies 3 with opposite spiral directions, the fluid direction and speed can be changed, enabling the fluid to form a spiral flow effect, increasing the flow area and flow path, having no flow dead zone, improving the mass transfer effect between the upward carbon dioxide entraining alcohol and the alcohol liquid intercepted by the mist eliminator, achieving the full separation of the alcohol and carbon dioxide, and realizing the purification of carbon dioxide.
[0028] As Figure 1 shown, it further includes a liquid collector 5, and the liquid collector 5 is disposed between the first spiral assembly and the second spiral assembly. In the embodiment, through the liquid collector 5, the fluid gradually distributed on the wall surface of the housing 1 can be redistributed, guiding the fluid from the wall surface of the housing 1 to the spiral assembly 3.
[0029] The supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower of this embodiment is used in a supercritical carbon dioxide tobacco extraction system. The system includes an extraction kettle, a pressure reducing valve, a first heater, a separation kettle, a condenser, a circulation storage tank, a high-pressure pump, and a second heater connected in sequence. The second heater is arranged between the high-pressure pump and the extraction kettle, and the supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower is arranged between the separation kettle and the condenser. During implementation, alcohol is added to the extraction kettle, and supercritical carbon dioxide is used to dissolve the effective components of tobacco in the extraction kettle. The carbon dioxide dissolved with the effective components enters the separation kettle after being depressurized by the pressure reducing valve and heated by the first heater, separating the effective components of tobacco. The separated carbon dioxide entraining alcohol enters the supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower. In the supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower, the rising carbon dioxide and the refluxing alcohol perform mass transfer, dissolving the alcohol entrained by the carbon dioxide into the refluxing alcohol, discharging the purified carbon dioxide, which enters the circulation storage tank after being liquefied at low temperature by the condenser. After being pumped out under pressure by the high-pressure pump, it enters the extraction kettle after being heated to the supercritical state by the second heater for cyclic extraction. In this embodiment, the carbon dioxide used for extraction can further finely separate alcohol after separating the effective components, realizing the purification of carbon dioxide, and the subsequent processes such as liquefaction and pressurization can proceed normally, ensuring the extraction efficiency.
[0030] Embodiment 2
[0031] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, the difference is that, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown, the spiral assembly 3 includes a shaft rod 31 and several blades. The shaft rod 31 is fixedly arranged inside the housing 1, and several blades are evenly spaced on the outer periphery of the shaft rod 31, and the blades extend spirally along the axial direction of the shaft rod 31. In this embodiment, the spirally extending blades can increase the flow path of the fluid, enlarge the convection area between the rising carbon dioxide and the refluxing alcohol, adjust the flow direction and speed, and enhance the mass transfer effect.
[0032] The spiral angle of the blade is 10° - 20°, which not only increases the fluid flow path but also ensures that the carbon dioxide fluid keeps rising and the alcohol liquid keeps flowing downward in reflux.
[0033] Embodiment 3
[0034] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 2, the difference is that each blade includes several spiral arms evenly spaced along the axial direction of the shaft rod 31, and several spiral arms located on the same blade are spirally distributed along the outer periphery of the shaft rod 31. The arrangement of several spiral arms can reduce the weight of the blade and enlarge the convection area between the rising carbon dioxide and the refluxing alcohol liquid.
[0035] The adjacent spiral arms located on the same blade are axially spaced 8 mm - 36 mm along the shaft rod 31.
[0036] As Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown in the figure, each spiral arm includes a connecting rod 32 and a number of convex bodies 33 spaced apart on the connecting rod 32. When the two-way fluid convects on the surface of the spiral assembly 3, the alcohol liquid is distributed on the surface of the convex bodies 33 according to the Coanda effect, increasing the contact area with the rising carbon dioxide gas and further improving the mass transfer effect and efficiency.
[0037] The number of the convex bodies 33 is 4 to 10. As the number of the convex bodies 33 gradually increases, the convection area of the fluid gradually increases.
[0038] The convex body 33 is made of titanium alloy structure. Titanium alloy has high strength, good corrosion resistance and high heat resistance.
[0039] As Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown in the figure, the convex body 33 is a spherical structure, and the diameter of the convex body 33 is 5 mm to 15 mm. The convex body 33 is a spherical structure, with better conductivity. As the diameter of the convex body 33 increases, the convection area of the fluid increases.
[0040] In this embodiment, the working process is as follows: The carbon dioxide fluid containing alcohol is introduced into the fluid inlet 11; the fluid is heated by the heat exchanger 2 to vaporize carbon dioxide and reduce the solubility of carbon dioxide, and part of the alcohol is precipitated; the precipitated alcohol is discharged from the first outlet 12 at the bottom of the housing 1, and the gaseous carbon dioxide entraining part of the alcohol flows upward under the guiding action of the spiral assembly 3; the demister 4 intercepts the alcohol liquid in the carbon dioxide, and the gaseous carbon dioxide is discharged from the second outlet 13 through the demister 4; the alcohol liquid flows back under the guiding action of the spiral assembly 3, and the flowing-back liquid alcohol contacts the rising carbon dioxide for mass transfer, and the alcohol entrained in the carbon dioxide is incorporated into the flowing-back alcohol; the flowing-back alcohol is discharged from the first outlet 512; wherein, during the mass transfer process, the carbon dioxide and the alcohol liquid flow along the convex bodies 33 of the spherical structure, increasing the convection area of the fluid and improving the mass transfer efficiency and effect.
[0041] In the specific content of the above specific embodiments, each technical feature can be combined arbitrarily without contradiction. For the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of the above technical features are described. However, as long as the combinations of these technical features do not exist in contradiction, they should all be considered as the scope described in this specification.
[0042] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limitations on the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower, comprising a shell (1) and a heat exchanger (2) and a foam trap (4) arranged in the shell (1), the bottom side wall of the shell (1) is provided with a fluid inlet (11), the bottom of the shell (1) is provided with a first outlet (12), the top of the shell (1) is provided with a second outlet (13), the heat exchanger (2) is arranged below the fluid inlet (11), the foam trap (4) is arranged at the top of the shell (1), and the second outlet (13) is located above the foam trap (4); characterized in that: The invention also comprises a spiral assembly (3) arranged in the shell (1) for guiding the fluid, wherein the spiral assembly (3) extends in a spiral direction along the height direction of the shell (1); the spiral assembly (3) is provided with two groups, namely a first spiral assembly and a second spiral assembly, wherein the first spiral assembly is located between the foam catcher (4) and the second spiral assembly, and the second spiral assembly is located between the first spiral assembly and the heat exchanger (2), and the spiral directions of the first spiral assembly and the second spiral assembly are opposite.
2. The supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a liquid collector (5), wherein the liquid collector (5) is arranged between the first spiral component and the second spiral component.
3. The supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral assembly (3) comprises a shaft (31) and a plurality of blades, wherein the shaft (31) is fixedly arranged in the housing (1), and the plurality of blades are evenly spaced and arranged on the outer periphery of the shaft (31), and the blades extend in an axial spiral along the shaft (31).
4. The supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The helix angle of the blade is 10° to 20°.
5. The supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the blades comprises a plurality of spiral arms evenly spaced apart in the axial direction of the shaft (31), and the plurality of spiral arms located on the same blade are spirally distributed along the periphery of the shaft (31).
6. The supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjacent spiral arms on the same blade are spaced 8 mm to 36 mm apart along the axial direction of the shaft (31).
7. The supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the spiral arms comprises a connecting rod (32) and a plurality of protrusions (33) arranged at intervals on the connecting rod (32).
8. The supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the protrusions (33) is 4 to 10.
9. The supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The convex body (33) is a titanium alloy structure.
10. The supercritical carbon dioxide separation tower according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The convex body (33) is a spherical structure, and the diameter of the convex body (33) is 5 mm to 15 mm.