Crankshaft lightening hole drilling tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a crankshaft lightening hole drilling tool which comprises a base, a mounting plate fixedly connected with the base, an upper positioning plate, a lower positioning plate, a first fixing part and a second fixing part, wherein the upper positioning plate and the lower positioning plate are detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom along the mounting plate, and the first fixing part and the second fixing part are used for abutting against a crankshaft. The upper positioning plate and the lower positioning plate are each provided with a positioning groove used for vertically clamping a crankshaft, the first fixing piece is located between the upper positioning plate and the lower positioning plate and used for abutting against a journal on the crankshaft, and the power output end of the second fixing piece is provided with a connector used for abutting against a fan-shaped piece on the crankshaft. An arc-shaped contact surface with the same curvature as the arc surface of the fan-shaped piece is arranged on the joint; according to the scheme, the technical problem that when an existing tool is used for vertically fixing a crankshaft, the fixing effect of the tool on the crankshaft is poor can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a drilling tool for the weight-reducing holes of a crankshaft. Background Technique

[0002] The crankshaft is the most important component in an engine, which bears the force transmitted by the connecting rod and converts it into torque to be output through the crankshaft and drive other accessories on the engine to work. The crankshaft is jointly affected by the centrifugal force of the rotating mass, the gas inertia force that changes periodically, and the reciprocating inertia force, so that the crankshaft bears the action of bending and torsional loads. Therefore, it is required that the crankshaft must have sufficient strength and stiffness, and the journal surface needs to be wear-resistant, work evenly, and have good balance.

[0003] As Figure 1 shown, the crankshaft 1 includes a journal 11 located in the middle, two crank arms 12 fixedly connected to both ends of the journal 11 respectively, a front end 13 and an output end 14 fixedly connected to the two crank arms 12 respectively. The right half of the crank arm 12 as Figure 1 shown is a fan-shaped structure (hereinafter collectively referred to as the fan-shaped part 121), and the left half is a triangular prism structure (hereinafter collectively referred to as the triangular part 122). Since the weight of the front end 13 is greater than that of the output end 14, a weight-reducing hole needs to be drilled on the inclined surface 123 of the triangular part 122 to maintain the balance of the crankshaft 1 during operation in the engine system. However, most of the tooling for fixing the crankshaft disclosed in the prior art places the crankshaft in a horizontal placement form. For example, a crankshaft drilling and tapping fixture (publication number: CN206474937U) disclosed in the prior art has the technical problem that the waste chips generated during the drilling process are likely to fall on the V-shaped positioning groove for supporting the crankshaft, which not only increases the difficulty of cleaning and maintenance, but also the accumulated waste chips will affect the accurate positioning of the crankshaft. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The utility model provides a drilling tool for the weight-reducing holes of a crankshaft, which can solve the technical problem of inaccurate positioning of the crankshaft when using the existing tooling.

[0005] The present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A drilling tool for the weight-reducing holes of a crankshaft includes a base, a mounting plate fixedly connected to the base, an upper positioning plate and a lower positioning plate detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom along the mounting plate, a first fixing member and a second fixing member for pressing against the crankshaft; positioning grooves for vertically clamping the crankshaft are provided on both the upper positioning plate and the lower positioning plate. The first fixing member is located between the upper positioning plate and the lower positioning plate and is used for pressing against the journal on the crankshaft. A joint for pressing against the fan-shaped part on the crankshaft is provided at the power output end of the second fixing member, and an arc-shaped contact surface with the same curvature as the arc surface of the fan-shaped part is provided on the joint.

[0007] Beneficial Effects:

[0008] 1. Improve the positioning accuracy of the crankshaft: The tooling of this solution changes to a form of vertically placing the crankshaft. During the drilling process, the waste chips generated will fall due to gravity, eliminating the adverse effects of accumulated waste chips on the accurate positioning of the crankshaft. The design of double positioning plates, namely the upper positioning plate and the lower positioning plate, is different from the prior art which only positions one end of the front end and the output end of the crankshaft, which is beneficial to enhancing the positioning accuracy of the crankshaft in the vertical direction, reducing the offset during the processing, and improving the hole forming quality of the weight-reducing holes processed on the crankshaft.

[0009] 2. Improve the fixing effect on the crankshaft: By setting the upper and lower double positioning plates including the upper positioning plate and the lower positioning plate to fit the front end and the output end of the crankshaft, and cooperating with the first fixing member and the second fixing member that tighten different positions of the crankshaft in different directions, it can provide stable support for the vertically placed crankshaft.

[0010] 3. Enhance the adaptability of the tooling: The detachable connection design between the upper positioning plate, the lower positioning plate and the mounting plate enables the tooling to adapt to crankshafts of different models and sizes, enhancing the versatility of the tooling.

[0011] 4. Reduce the surface damage of the crankshaft: The arc-shaped contact surface on the upper joint of the second fixing member has the same curvature as the fan-shaped part on the crankshaft, reducing the damage to the crankshaft when it is tightened due to the mismatch of the contact surface, and at the same time enhancing the fixing effect on the crankshaft.

[0012] Furthermore, as an improvement, a drilling hole for the drill bit of the drilling machine to pass through is opened on the upper positioning plate. The drilling hole is a through hole, and a guide sleeve is embedded in the drilling hole. The guide sleeve and the drilling hole are in interference fit.

[0013] Beneficial effects: By embedding the guide sleeve in the drilling hole, it can ensure that the drill bit travels along a predetermined path, improving the positioning accuracy of the drilling. The interference fit between the guide sleeve and the drilling hole can enhance the stability of the guide sleeve, reduce the shaking during the drilling process, improve the processing quality. The use of the guide sleeve can also reduce the friction between the drill bit and the upper positioning plate, reduce the wear of the drill bit, and extend the service life of the drill bit.

[0014] Furthermore, as an improvement, a set screw for tightening the guide sleeve is installed horizontally and threaded on the upper positioning plate.

[0015] Beneficial effects: By tightening the guide sleeve with the set screw, it can ensure the stable position of the guide sleeve during the processing, avoid the shaking of the guide sleeve during the processing, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the guide sleeve and the processing quality.

[0016] Furthermore, as an improvement, a support plate for supporting the lower positioning plate is fixedly arranged on the base.

[0017] Beneficial effects: By adding a support plate to stably support the lower positioning plate, this solution is beneficial to improving the overall stability of the tooling and further enhancing the fixing effect on the crankshaft.

[0018] Further, as an improvement, the upper positioning plate and the mounting plate are detachably connected by means of screw connection.

[0019] Beneficial effects: This solution allows the upper positioning plate to be replaced at any time according to needs, which is beneficial to adapting to crankshafts of different models, thus significantly enhancing the versatility of the tooling.

[0020] Further, as an improvement, the second fixing member further includes a cylinder and a switch for controlling the cylinder, and the power output end of the cylinder is detachably connected to the joint.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By using a cylinder in this solution, automatic control of the joint can be achieved, improving the degree of automation, reducing manual intervention and enhancing work efficiency. The detachable connection between the power output end of the cylinder and the joint allows the joint to be replaced at any time according to needs, which is beneficial to adapting to crankshafts of different models. Description of the drawings

[0022] Figure 1 Is an axonometric view of the crankshaft;

[0023] Figure 2 Is the front view of the first embodiment of the drilling tooling for the weight-reducing holes of the crankshaft of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 Is Figure 2 The top view of (hiding the cylinder part);

[0025] Figure 4 Is Figure 2 The top view of the mounting piece in;

[0026] Figure 5 Is Figure 2 The top view of the joint in. Specific embodiments

[0027] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0028] The marks in the attached drawings of the specification include: crankshaft 1, journal 11, crank 12, fan-shaped piece 121, triangular piece 122, inclined surface 123, front end 13, output end 14, base 2, mounting plate 3, upper positioning plate 4, positioning groove 41, guide sleeve 42, first set screw 43, lower positioning plate 5, first fixing member 6, mounting block 61, second set screw 62, nut 63, second fixing member 7, cylinder 71, mounting piece 72, joint 73, contact surface 731, support plate 8.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] As shown Figures 2 - 5 in the figure, the drilling tooling for the crankshaft weight reduction holes includes a horizontally placed base 2 fixed on the operating table surface, a mounting plate 3 welded and fixed to the base 2 in the vertical direction of the base 2, an upper positioning plate 4 and a lower positioning plate 5 detachably connected to the mounting plate 3, a first fixing member 6 and a second fixing member 7 for pressing against the crankshaft 1.

[0031] The upper positioning plate 4 and the lower positioning plate 5 are relatively arranged along the vertical direction on the mounting plate 3, so that the upper positioning plate 4 is located directly above the lower positioning plate 5. The structures of the upper positioning plate 4 and the lower positioning plate 5 are the same. Taking the upper positioning plate 4 as an example, as Figure 3 shown in the figure, a positioning groove 41 for clamping the crankshaft 1 is opened at one end of the upper positioning plate 4 away from the mounting plate 3. In this embodiment, the positioning groove 41 is a dovetail groove. Compared with the V-shaped groove commonly used in the prior art, the dovetail groove can reduce the local pressure on the crankshaft 1, thereby reducing the wear on the surface of the crankshaft 1 during the processing. A drilling hole for the drill bit of the drilling machine to pass through is opened on the upper positioning plate 4. The drilling hole is a through hole, and a guide sleeve 42 for guiding the downward movement of the drill bit is embedded in the drilling hole. The guide sleeve 42 and the drilling hole are in interference fit. A first set screw 43 for pressing against the guide sleeve 42 is installed transversely threaded on the upper positioning plate 4. A support plate 8 for supporting the lower positioning plate 5 is welded and fixed on the base 2. In this embodiment, there are two support plates 8 and they are relatively arranged. The bottom of the support plate 8 is welded and fixed to the base 2, and the side wall of the support plate 8 is welded and fixed to the mounting plate 3. In this embodiment, both the upper positioning plate 4 and the lower positioning plate 5 are detachably connected to the mounting plate 3 by screw connection.

[0032] The first fixing member 6 includes a mounting block 61 located between the upper positioning plate 4 and the lower positioning plate 5, and a second set screw 62 threadedly installed on the mounting block 61 for transversely pressing against the journal 11 on the crankshaft 1. A gasket and a nut 63 are installed on the second set screw 62 to strengthen the second set screw 62. The mounting block 61 is detachably connected to the mounting plate 3 by screw connection. The second fixing member 7 includes a cylinder 71, a switch for controlling the cylinder 71, a mounting piece 72 for mounting the cylinder 71, and a joint 73 for pressing against the sector piece 121 on the crankshaft 1. The mounting piece 72 Figure 4 is integrally V-shaped as shown in the figure. One side of the side surface of the mounting piece 72 is fixed to the mounting plate 3 by screw connection, and the other side is fixed to the cylinder 71 by screw connection. The output end 14 of the cylinder 71 is detachably connected to the joint 73 by screw connection. An arc-shaped contact surface 731 with the same arc curvature as the arc surface of the sector piece 121 is opened on the joint 73 as Figure 5 shown in the figure.

[0033] The specific application process is as follows:

[0034] During use, hold the front end 13 of the crankshaft 1, and vertically lean the crankshaft 1 against the positioning groove 41 on the upper positioning plate 4 and the lower positioning plate 5. Specifically, it is required that the inclined surface 123 on the triangular part 122 of the crankshaft 1 is placed close to the mounting plate 3, while the sector part 121 on the crankshaft 1 is far from the mounting plate 3, so that the position to be drilled on the inclined surface 123 of the triangular part 122 corresponds to the drill bit of the drilling machine. Then turn the second set screw 62 so that the head of the second set screw 62 can contact the journal 11 on the crankshaft 1, then tighten the nut 63 on the second set screw 62, and then press the switch on the cylinder 71 so that the output shaft of the cylinder 71 drives the joint 73 to press against the sector part 121 on the crankshaft 1, thus completing the fixation of the crankshaft 1 before drilling. Finally, start the drilling machine so that the drill bit of the drilling machine moves downward, passes through the guide sleeve 42, contacts the inclined surface 123 on the triangular part 122, and processes a weight-reducing hole. It is worth mentioning that when machining the next crankshaft 1 of the same model, there is no need to adjust the position of the second set screw 62 again.

[0035] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the fields involved in this embodiment. Common knowledge such as specific structures and characteristics known in the solutions is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners described in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. Crankshaft weight-reducing hole drilling tool, characterized by: It comprises a base, a mounting plate fixedly connected to the base, an upper positioning plate and a lower positioning plate detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom along the mounting plate, and a first fixing member and a second fixing member for tightening the crankshaft; Positioning grooves for vertically clamping the crankshaft are provided on the upper positioning plate and the lower positioning plate. The first fixing member is located between the upper positioning plate and the lower positioning plate and is used to clamp the journal on the crankshaft. A joint for clamping the fan-shaped member on the crankshaft is provided at the power output end of the second fixing member, and an arc-shaped contact surface consistent with the arc curvature of the fan-shaped member is provided on the joint.

2. The crankshaft weight-reducing hole drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drilling hole for the drill bit of the drilling machine to pass through is arranged on the upper positioning plate. The drilling hole is a through hole. A guide sleeve is embedded in the drilling hole. The guide sleeve and the drilling hole are interference fit.

3. The crankshaft weight-reducing hole drilling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixing bolt for tightening the guide sleeve is transversely threadedly installed on the upper positioning plate.

4. The crankshaft weight-reducing hole drilling tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A support plate for supporting the lower positioning plate is fixedly arranged on the base.

5. The crankshaft weight-reducing hole drilling tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper positioning plate and the mounting plate are detachably connected by screws.

6. The crankshaft weight-reducing hole drilling tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second fixing member also includes a cylinder and a switch for controlling the cylinder, and the power output end of the cylinder is detachably connected to the joint.

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