Synergistic oil gun of coal-fired power generation unit
By designing an efficiency-enhancing oil gun in a coal-fired generator set, using the mixing and atomizer technology of fuel and compressed gas, the problem of unstable combustion during low-load operation is solved, and the full combustion and environmental protection of fuel are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421948107.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-12
AI Technical Summary
When coal-fired generator sets operate at low loads, they are unstable in combustion and need to be put into operation, resulting in poor atomization effect and insufficient fuel burning, which increases costs and affects air quality.
Design an efficiency-enhancing oil gun to mix fuel with compressed gas, use atomizer and porous plate technology to form a small-particle fuel atomization mixture, improve combustion efficiency, and clean the residual fuel in the oil gun by compressed air.
The full combustion of fuel is achieved, production costs are reduced, chimney black smoke emissions are reduced, environmental protection is improved, and operating costs are reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN222992883U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of boiler ignition equipment, in particular to an efficiency-enhancing oil gun for a coal-fired generator set. Background Art
[0002] When the boiler of a coal-fired power generation unit is started, pulverized coal cannot be directly used for combustion. Fuel oil needs to be used for combustion. When the boiler temperature reaches a certain level, pulverized coal can be used for combustion. When a coal-fired power generation unit is running at low load, burning only pulverized coal will cause unstable combustion, and fuel oil needs to be used for stable combustion.
[0003] At present, fuel oil is mainly put into operation through an oil gun. When working, the fuel enters the oil gun through the oil inlet pipe, enters the boiler through the oil gun nozzle, and ignites the fuel oil through the igniter; when the oil gun is out of operation, the oil inlet pipe is closed, the fuel stops entering the oil gun, and then steam is blown through the steam pipe to purge the oil gun to prevent oil and carbon deposits in the oil gun from clogging the oil gun nozzle. The above oil gun still has the following shortcomings:
[0004] With the continuous increase in the installed capacity of green energy such as hydropower, solar energy, and wind power, coal-fired power generation units have become peak-shaving units, and low-load operation has become the norm. In order to ensure stable combustion, boilers often put fuel into operation. The atomization of the above-mentioned oil gun is achieved by overcoming the viscosity of the liquid through the high-speed movement of the oil and tearing it into tiny oil particles to achieve atomization. The atomization effect is not good, and the fuel cannot be fully burned. The fuel will greatly increase the cost. Every time the oil gun is put into operation, black smoke will come out of the chimney of the boiler, affecting the economy of the power plant and the air quality. Utility Model Content
[0005] The utility model aims to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a fuel oil gun for coal-fired power generation units, which can mix fuel oil with compressed gas, atomize small particles, burn more completely, reduce production costs, and be more environmentally friendly.
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0007] A fuel gun for coal-fired power generation units includes a fuel gun body, an oil inlet pipe for conveying fuel, and a compressed air pipe for conveying compressed air; a fuel gun nozzle is provided at the front end of the fuel gun body, and the fuel inlet pipe and the compressed air pipe are both connected to the interior of the fuel gun body; an atomizer is provided at the fuel gun nozzle of the fuel gun body; and a porous plate is provided inside the fuel gun body.
[0008] The working principle of the efficiency-enhancing oil gun of the above-mentioned coal-fired generator set is:
[0009] When the efficiency-enhancing oil gun is in operation, the fuel in the oil inlet pipe and the compressed air in the compressed air pipe enter the oil gun body at the same time, are preliminarily mixed inside the oil gun body, and then the fuel and compressed air enter the atomizer for further mixing and atomization, and are sprayed out from the nozzle of the oil gun and ignited by the igniter; when the efficiency-enhancing oil gun stops operating, the delivery of fuel is stopped, and compressed air continues to be introduced into the oil gun body through the compressed air in the compressed air pipe, and the compressed air purges the fuel remaining in the oil gun body; the function of the porous plate is to make the compressed air more evenly delivered in the oil gun body, so as to achieve better atomization and purging effects.
[0010] A preferred solution of the utility model is that an oil inlet is provided in the middle of the oil gun body, an air inlet is provided at the rear end of the oil gun body, the oil inlet pipe is connected to the oil inlet, and the compressed air pipe is connected to the air inlet; the porous plate is located between the oil inlet and the air inlet. In the above structure, by setting the oil inlet and the air inlet, it is convenient to install and connect the oil inlet pipe and the compressed air pipe. The porous plate is located between the oil inlet and the air inlet. When working, the compressed air in the compressed air pipe enters the rear end of the oil gun body from the air inlet, and then the compressed air passes through the porous plate. Under the action of the porous plate, the airflow of the compressed air becomes more uniform. After passing through the air inlet, the compressed air is preliminarily mixed with the fuel flowing out of the air inlet, and then the fuel and the compressed air enter the atomizer for further mixing and atomization, and then sprayed out from the nozzle of the oil gun.
[0011] Preferably, the porous plate includes a plate body and a plurality of through holes arranged on the plate body, and the axis of the plate body coincides with the axis of the oil gun body. In the above structure, after the compressed air enters the oil gun body, it passes through the through holes on the plate body, and the through holes make the airflow distribution more uniform, improve the atomization effect, and also improve the purging effect.
[0012] Preferably, the through hole is circular or conical. With the conical through hole, the flow rate of the compressed air will increase after the compressed air passes through the conical through hole, so that the compressed air can be mixed with the fuel more fully.
[0013] Preferably, a first solenoid valve is provided on the oil inlet pipeline, and a second solenoid valve is provided on the compressed air pipeline. By providing the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve, the delivery of fuel and compressed air can be opened and closed; when the efficiency-enhancing oil gun is in operation, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are opened at the same time, and when the efficiency-enhancing oil gun is out of operation, the first solenoid valve is closed, and the second solenoid valve is kept open for a period of time, and the fuel remaining in the oil gun body is purged with compressed air, and then the second solenoid valve is closed.
[0014] Preferably, a manual stop valve is provided on the compressed air pipeline. The purpose is that the manual stop valve can cut off, regulate and throttle the compressed air, and cooperate with the second solenoid valve to achieve higher flexibility in regulation.
[0015] Preferably, the atomizer is detachably installed at the nozzle of the oil gun body. By providing a detachable atomizer, it is convenient for the installation, disassembly, replacement, maintenance and overhaul of the atomizer.
[0016] Preferably, an igniter for igniting the fuel is provided beside the oil gun nozzle.
[0017] The utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
[0018] 1. For the efficiency-enhancing oil gun of the coal-fired power generation unit in the utility model, the fuel and compressed gas are preliminarily mixed in the oil gun body, and then the fuel and compressed air enter the atomizer for further mixing and atomization. The atomized particles are smaller. After atomization, they are ejected from the oil gun nozzle, which can make the fuel burn more fully, the chimney does not emit black smoke, reduce production costs, and achieve the effect of energy conservation and environmental protection.
[0019] 2. For the efficiency-enhancing oil gun of the coal-fired power generation unit in the utility model, compared with using steam to purge the fuel remaining in the oil gun body in the prior art, in the utility model, compressed air is used for purging, the purging effect is good, and the cost of compressed air is much lower than the cost of steam, further reducing the cost.
[0020] 3. For the efficiency-enhancing oil gun of the coal-fired power generation unit in the utility model, the porous plate can make the air flow of the compressed air more uniform and the purging effect better.
[0021] 4. For the efficiency-enhancing oil gun of the coal-fired power generation unit in the utility model, the atomized particles are smaller, making the ignition energy of the efficiency-enhancing oil gun lower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of an efficiency-enhancing oil gun of a coal-fired power generation unit in the utility model.
[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the porous plate in the utility model.
[0024] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of another specific embodiment of the porous plate in the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the utility model, the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the drawings, but the embodiments of the utility model are not limited thereto.
[0026] Example 1
[0027] Refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment discloses an efficiency-enhancing oil gun for a coal-fired power generation unit, including an oil gun body 1, an oil inlet pipe 2 for transporting fuel into the oil gun body 1, and a compressed air pipe 3 for transporting compressed air into the oil gun body 1; an oil gun nozzle 4 is provided at the front end of the oil gun body 1, and both the oil inlet pipe 2 and the compressed air pipe 3 are communicated with the inside of the oil gun body 1; an atomizer 5 is provided at the oil gun nozzle 4 of the oil gun body 1; a perforated plate 6 is provided inside the oil gun body 1.
[0028] Refer to Figure 1 , the efficiency-enhancing oil gun of this embodiment has the following effects:
[0029] 1. The fuel burns sufficiently, and the energy-saving purpose can be achieved. The efficiency-enhancing oil gun uses bubbles as the main force for atomization. The bubbles are generated by compressed air in the oil gun body 1. After mixing with the fuel, a bubble flow of "oil-in-gas" under pressure is formed. The bubbles explode and break after overcoming the surface tension of the fuel film wrapped around the bubbles, thereby tearing the fuel film into very fine liquid mists, and achieving the atomization purpose by overcoming the surface tension of the fuel film. The energy required for atomization generated by the oil gun nozzle 4 is much smaller than that of the oil gun nozzle 4 in the prior art. Its atomized particles are small and can burn more fully.
[0030] 2. The efficiency-enhancing oil gun is more environmentally friendly. The atomized particles of the efficiency-enhancing oil gun are small, and the combustion efficiency can reach more than 99.5%. Basically, the fuel burns completely. When the boiler is ignited in the cold state, its combustion efficiency can be guaranteed to be ≥99.5%. When the efficiency-enhancing oil gun works, the furnace flame of the boiler is bright and transparent, the flame color is wheat golden, the chimney does not emit black smoke, and the blackness of the soot emission is less than Ringelmann grade 1.
[0031] 3. Compared with using steam to purge the fuel remaining in the oil gun body 1 in the prior art, in this embodiment, compressed air is used for purging, and the purging effect is good, and the cost of compressed air is much lower than the cost of steam, further reducing the cost.
[0032] 4. The perforated plate 6 can make the air flow of the compressed air more uniform and the purging effect better.
[0033] 5. The ignition energy of the efficiency-enhancing oil gun is low. The efficiency-enhancing oil gun with bubble atomization produces oil mist particles with smaller size and uniform size distribution, which is much better than the oil gun level in the prior art. The oil mist is a conical solid mass mist, different from the conical hollow mist of other oil guns. The oil mist formed by the efficiency-enhancing oil gun in this embodiment is basically close to a gaseous state. Therefore, ignition is particularly easy. During combustion, a too high air coefficient is not required, and only 1.05 is needed to burn completely; the efficiency-enhancing oil gun is easier to ignite.
[0034] See Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1 , an oil inlet 7 is provided in the middle of the oil gun body 1, and an air inlet 8 is provided at the rear end of the oil gun body 1. The oil inlet pipe 2 is connected to the oil inlet 7, and the compressed air pipe 3 is connected to the air inlet 8; the perforated plate 6 is located between the oil inlet 7 and the air inlet 8. In the above structure, by providing the oil inlet 7 and the air inlet 8, it is convenient for the installation and connection of the oil inlet pipe 2 and the compressed air pipe 3. The perforated plate 6 is located between the oil inlet 7 and the air inlet 8. During operation, the compressed air in the compressed air pipe 3 enters the rear end of the oil gun body 1 from the air inlet 8, and then the compressed air passes through the perforated plate 6. Under the action of the perforated plate 6, the air flow of the compressed air becomes more uniform. After the compressed air passes through the air inlet 8, it will be preliminarily mixed with the fuel flowing out of the air inlet 8, and then the fuel and the compressed air enter the atomizer 5 for further mixing and atomization, and are sprayed out from the oil gun nozzle 4.
[0035] See Figure 1 - Figure 2 As shown in Figure 1 - Figure 2 , the perforated plate 6 includes a plate body 61 and a plurality of through holes 62 provided on the plate body 61, and the axis of the plate body 61 coincides with the axis of the oil gun body 1. In the above structure, after the compressed air enters the oil gun body 1, it passes through the through holes 62 on the plate body 61. The through holes 62 make the air flow distribution more uniform, improve the atomization effect, and also improve the purging effect.
[0036] See Figure 1 - Figure 2 As shown in Figure 1 - Figure 2 , the through holes 62 are circular. A plurality of through holes 62 are evenly distributed on the plate body 61, and the plate body 61 can be fixed on the inner wall of the oil gun body 1.
[0037] See Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1 , a first solenoid valve 10 is provided on the oil inlet pipe 2, and a second solenoid valve 11 is provided on the compressed air pipe 3. By providing the first solenoid valve 10 and the second solenoid valve 11, the transportation of fuel and compressed air can be opened and closed; when the enhanced oil gun is operating, the first solenoid valve 10 and the second solenoid valve 11 are opened simultaneously. When the enhanced oil gun stops operating, the first solenoid valve 10 is closed, and the second solenoid valve 11 continues to be opened for 1 minute to purge the fuel remaining in the oil gun body 1 with compressed air for 1 minute, and then the second solenoid valve 11 is closed.
[0038] See Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1 , a manual stop valve 12 is provided on the compressed air pipe 3. Its purpose is that the manual stop valve 12 plays a role in cutting off, regulating and throttling the compressed air, and cooperating with the second solenoid valve 11, the regulation flexibility is higher.
[0039] See Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1 , the atomizer 5 is detachably installed at the oil gun nozzle 4 of the oil gun body 1. By providing the detachable atomizer 5, it is convenient for the installation, disassembly, replacement, maintenance and overhaul of the atomizer 5.
[0040] See Figure 1 , and an igniter 9 for igniting fuel is provided beside the oil gun nozzle 4.
[0041] See Figure 1 , and the working principle of the efficiency-enhancing oil gun of the above coal-fired power generation unit is as follows:
[0042] When the efficiency-enhancing oil gun is in operation, the fuel in the fuel inlet pipe 2 and the compressed air in the compressed air pipe 3 enter the oil gun body 1 simultaneously, are preliminarily mixed inside the oil gun body 1, and then the fuel and the compressed air enter the atomizer 5 for further mixing and atomization. After being ejected from the oil gun nozzle 4, it is ignited by the igniter 9; when the efficiency-enhancing oil gun exits operation, the fuel delivery is stopped, and compressed air continues to be introduced into the oil gun body 1 through the compressed air in the compressed air pipe 3, and the compressed air purges the fuel remaining in the oil gun body 1; the function of the perforated plate 6 is to make the compressed air be delivered more evenly inside the oil gun body 1, so that the atomization and purging effects are better.
[0043] Embodiment 2
[0044] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 , and other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1. The difference is that the through hole 62 is conical, and the diameter of the through hole 62 gradually decreases along the direction of the compressed air flow. By adopting the conical through hole 62, after the compressed air passes through the conical through hole 62, the flow rate of the compressed air will increase, so that it can be mixed more fully with the fuel.
[0045] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement methods and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An efficiency-enhancing oil gun for a coal-fired power generation unit, characterized in that: It includes a fuel gun body, an oil inlet pipeline for conveying fuel, and a compressed air pipeline for conveying compressed air; a fuel gun nozzle is provided at the front end of the fuel gun body, and the fuel inlet pipeline and the compressed air pipeline are both connected to the interior of the fuel gun body; an atomizer is provided at the fuel gun nozzle of the fuel gun body; and a porous plate is provided inside the fuel gun body.
2. The efficiency-enhancing oil gun for a coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil inlet is provided in the middle of the oil gun body, an air inlet is provided at the rear end of the oil gun body, the oil inlet pipeline is connected to the oil inlet, and the compressed air pipeline is connected to the air inlet; the porous plate is located between the oil inlet and the air inlet.
3. The efficiency-enhancing oil gun for a coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The porous plate comprises a plate body and a plurality of through holes arranged on the plate body, and the axis of the plate body coincides with the axis of the oil gun body.
4. The efficiency-enhancing oil gun for a coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The through hole is circular or conical.
5. The efficiency-enhancing oil gun for a coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet pipeline is provided with a first solenoid valve, and the compressed air pipeline is provided with a second solenoid valve.
6. The efficiency-enhancing oil gun for a coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: A manual stop valve is arranged on the compressed air pipeline.
7. The efficiency-enhancing oil gun for a coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atomizer is detachably mounted on the oil gun nozzle of the oil gun body.
8. The efficiency-enhancing oil gun for a coal-fired power generation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: An igniter for igniting the fuel is arranged beside the nozzle of the oil gun.