Metal multi-stage vacuum distillation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of metal smelting, and discloses a metal multi-stage vacuum distillation device which comprises a separation furnace, an inflow pipe, at least one graphite heating rod, at least two graphite towers and at least two liquid storage mechanisms, and the graphite heating rods are sequentially connected with the graphite towers; the inflow pipe communicates with the top in the separation furnace; the graphite towers are sequentially communicated in the vertical direction; sealing plates are arranged on the sides, away from the inflow pipe, of the graphite towers, the outer wall faces of the sealing plates abut against the inner wall face of the separation furnace, and the sealing plates are used for dividing the interior of the separation furnace into a plurality of connecting spaces according to the adjacent graphite towers; one liquid storage mechanism penetrates through the separation furnace and is communicated with the graphite tower in the connecting space through one connecting space; and the other liquid storage mechanism penetrates through the separation furnace and is communicated with the graphite tower in the connecting space through the other connecting space. According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, when a metal solution flows through each graphite tower from top to bottom, the temperature of the metal solution is sequentially increased, so that metal with different melting points is collected by each liquid storage mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of metal smelting, in particular to a metal multi-stage vacuum distillation device. Background Art

[0002] Metal smelting is the process of converting metals from a combined state to a free state. The common method is to use reducing agents such as carbon, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen to react with metal oxides at high temperatures to obtain metal elements. Existing distillation devices can generally only separate a single metal in the furnace, and cannot separate and collect multiple metals, resulting in low work efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a metal multi-stage vacuum distillation device, aiming to solve the problem that the separation and collection of multiple metals cannot be achieved, resulting in low working efficiency.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution proposed by the utility model is:

[0005] A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation device comprises a separation furnace, an inflow pipe, at least one graphite heating rod, at least two graphite towers and at least two liquid storage mechanisms, wherein each of the graphite heating rods is sequentially connected to each of the graphite towers, and each of the graphite towers is located in the separation furnace; the inflow pipe is connected to the top of the separation furnace, and the inflow pipe is used to input metal solution to the graphite tower closest to the inflow pipe; the graphite towers are arranged in sequence in a vertical direction, and each of the graphite heating rods is used to heat each of the graphite towers respectively, so that the heating temperature in each of the graphite towers increases vertically in a direction away from the inflow pipe; a sealing plate is arranged on the side of each of the graphite towers away from the inflow pipe, and the outer wall surface of the sealing plate abuts against the inner wall surface of the separation furnace, and each of the sealing plates is used to divide the separation furnace into a plurality of connection spaces according to the adjacent graphite towers; one of the liquid storage mechanisms passes through the separation furnace through one of the connection spaces to connect the graphite towers in the connection space; the other of the liquid storage mechanisms passes through the separation furnace through another of the connection spaces to connect the graphite towers in the connection space.

[0006] Preferably, three graphite towers are arranged in the separation furnace, and the number of the graphite towers is equal to the number of the liquid storage mechanisms; the number of the graphite towers is equal to the number of the connecting spaces.

[0007] Preferably, the graphite heating rod includes a plurality of graphite heating columns, and the graphite heating columns are connected in sequence along the axial direction; the number of the graphite heating columns in the graphite heating rod is equal to the number of the graphite towers in the separation furnace; the diameter of the graphite heating column close to the inlet pipe in the same graphite heating rod is smaller than the diameter of the graphite heating column away from the inlet pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid storage mechanism includes a condenser and a liquid storage tank, the condenser is connected to the liquid storage tank; one end of the condenser away from the liquid storage tank passes through the separation furnace to connect to one of the connecting spaces; the other end of the condenser away from the liquid storage tank passes through the separation furnace to connect to the other connecting space.

[0009] Preferably, the graphite tower comprises a plurality of graphite disks, each of which is arranged along the vertical interval, and a working space is formed between adjacent graphite disks; each of the graphite disks is provided with a first connecting through hole and at least one first mounting through hole, and the first connecting through hole is used for allowing the metal solution to pass through; the graphite heating rod is used to pass through the first mounting through hole to heat the working space.

[0010] Preferably, the first connecting through hole of one of the two adjacent graphite disks is vertically projected toward the other of the two adjacent graphite disks to form a projection area; the projection area and the first connecting through hole in the graphite disk where the projection area is located are arranged at intervals.

[0011] Preferably, a disk wall is provided on the side of the graphite disk facing the inflow tube, the disk wall is provided around the working space, and a first limiting protrusion is provided on the side of the graphite disk away from the inflow tube; the first limiting protrusion of the graphite disk close to the inflow tube of the two adjacent graphite disks is inserted into the disk wall of the graphite disk away from the inflow tube of the two adjacent graphite disks.

[0012] Preferably, the disc wall is provided with steam through holes along the wall thickness; and a baffle is provided on the side of the graphite disc facing the inflow pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the sealing plate is provided with a second connecting through hole and at least one second mounting hole along the plate thickness, and the second connecting through hole is connected to any adjacent first connecting through hole; and the graphite heating rod is used to pass through the second mounting hole.

[0014] Preferably, a second limiting protrusion is provided on the side of the sealing plate facing away from the inlet pipe, and the second limiting protrusion is used to be inserted into the disk wall of the graphite disk which is adjacent to the side of the sealing plate facing away from the inlet pipe; and a receiving groove is provided on the side of the sealing plate facing the inlet pipe, and the receiving groove is used for the first limiting protrusion of the sealing plate which is adjacent to the side of the graphite disk facing the inlet pipe.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The cooperation of multiple graphite towers and multiple graphite heating rods enables the temperature of the metal solution to rise successively when the metal solution flows through each graphite tower from top to bottom, realizing the collection of metals with different melting points by each liquid storage mechanism, achieving the separation and collection of multiple metals, and effectively improving the working efficiency. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following-described drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the multi-stage vacuum distillation device for metals of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the partial enlarged view at A in

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a graphite disk;

[0021] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 the schematic structural diagram from another perspective;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a graphite heating rod.

[0023] Explanation of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0024] 1 - Separation furnace; 11 - Inflow pipe;

[0025] 2 - Graphite heating rod; 21 - Graphite heating column;

[0026] 3 - Graphite tower; 31 - Graphite disk; 32 - First connection through hole; 33 - First installation through hole; 34 - Disk wall; 35 - First limit protrusion; 36 - Enclosure; 37 - Working space; 38 - Connection space; 39 - Steam through hole;

[0027] 4 - Liquid storage mechanism; 41 - Condensing pipe; 42 - Liquid storage tank;

[0028] 5 - Sealing plate; 51 - Second limit protrusion;

[0029] The realization, functional characteristics, and advantages of the object of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the drawings. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present utility model are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If this specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0032] In addition, in the present utility model, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "connection" and "fixation" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present utility model.

[0035] The present utility model provides a metal multi-stage vacuum distillation device.

[0036] Such as Figures 1 to 5A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation device shown in the figure includes a separation furnace 1, an inflow pipe 11, at least one graphite heating rod 2, at least two graphite towers 3 and at least two liquid storage mechanisms 4. Each graphite heating rod 2 is sequentially connected to each graphite tower 3, and each graphite tower 3 is located inside the separation furnace 1; the inflow pipe 11 communicates with the top inside the separation furnace 1, and the inflow pipe 11 is used to input metal solution into the graphite tower 3 closest to the inflow pipe 11; each graphite tower 3 is sequentially connected in the vertical direction, and each graphite heating rod 2 is used to heat each graphite tower 3 respectively, so that the heating temperature inside each graphite tower 3 increases in the vertical direction away from the inflow pipe 11; a sealing plate 5 is arranged on one side of each graphite tower 3 facing away from the inflow pipe 11, and the outer wall surface of the sealing plate 5 abuts against the inner wall surface of the separation furnace. Each sealing plate 5 is used to divide the inside of the separation furnace 1 into several connecting spaces 38 according to the adjacent graphite tower 3; one of the liquid storage mechanisms 4 passes through the separation furnace 1 and communicates with one of the connecting spaces 38, and communicates with the graphite tower 3 inside this connecting space 38; the other liquid storage mechanism 4 passes through the separation furnace 1 and communicates with another connecting space 38, and communicates with the graphite tower 3 inside this connecting space 38.

[0037] The cooperation of multiple graphite towers 3 and multiple graphite heating rods 2 enables the temperature of the metal solution to rise sequentially when the metal solution flows through each graphite tower 3 from top to bottom, realizing the collection of metals with different melting points by each liquid storage mechanism 4, realizing the separation and collection of multiple metals, and effectively improving the working efficiency.

[0038] Specifically, the metal multi-stage vacuum distillation device also includes a vacuum pumping mechanism, a cooling mechanism, etc. Since these mechanisms are all prior arts, they will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0039] Three graphite towers 3 are arranged inside the separation furnace 1, and the number of graphite towers 3 is equal to the number of liquid storage mechanisms 4. For example, a first connecting space 38, a second connecting space 38 and a third connecting space 38 are formed from top to bottom inside the separation furnace 1; a first graphite tower 3 is arranged inside the first connecting space 38; a second graphite tower 3 is arranged inside the second connecting space 38; a third graphite tower 3 is arranged inside the third connecting space 38. A first liquid storage mechanism 4, a second liquid storage mechanism 4 and a third liquid storage mechanism 4 are arranged outside the separation furnace 1. Among them, the first liquid storage mechanism 4 communicates with the first graphite tower 3 through the first connecting space 38, the second liquid storage mechanism 4 communicates with the second graphite tower 3 through the second connecting space 38, and the third liquid storage mechanism 4 communicates with the third graphite tower 3 through the third connecting space 38, so as to realize the separation of three metal liquids with different melting points. When more levels of separation are required, just synchronously increase the number of graphite towers 3 and liquid storage mechanisms 4.

[0040] Specifically, three graphite heating rods 2 are arranged inside the separation furnace 1.

[0041] The graphite heating rod 2 includes a plurality of graphite heating columns 21, and each graphite heating column 21 is sequentially connected along the axial direction; the number of graphite heating columns 21 inside the graphite heating rod 2 is equal to the number of graphite towers 3 inside the separation furnace 1.

[0042] The diameter of the graphite heating column 21 in the same graphite heating rod 2 close to the inflow pipe 11 is smaller than the diameter of the graphite heating column 21 far from the inflow pipe 11. When each graphite heating column 21 in the graphite heating rod 2 is energized simultaneously and operates at the same power, the closer the graphite heating column 21 is to the inflow pipe 11, the larger its diameter, and the lower the heating temperature of the graphite heating column 21 with a larger diameter, so as to realize the control of different temperatures in different graphite towers 3.

[0043] The liquid storage mechanism 4 includes a condensing pipe 41 and a liquid storage tank 42, and the condensing pipe 41 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 42; one end of a condensing pipe 41 far from the liquid storage tank 42 passes through the separation furnace 1 and is communicated with one graphite tower 3; one end of the other condensing pipe 41 far from the liquid storage tank 42 passes through the separation furnace 1 and is communicated with the other graphite tower 3.

[0044] The graphite tower 3 includes a plurality of graphite disks 31, and the graphite disks 31 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and an operation space 37 is formed between adjacent graphite disks 31; each graphite disk 31 is provided with a first connection through hole 32 and at least one first installation through hole 33, and the first connection through hole 32 is used for allowing the metal solution to pass through; the graphite heating rod 2 is used to pass through the first installation through hole 33 to heat the operation space 37.

[0045] In another embodiment, the graphite disk 31 is provided with three first installation through holes 33, and a connecting elbow is arranged outside the graphite disk 31, and two adjacent operation spaces 37 are communicated through a connecting elbow.

[0046] Specifically, the inflow pipe 11 is communicated with the first connection through hole 32 of the graphite disk 31 closest to the inflow pipe 11, so as to prevent the separated metal from escaping into the decomposition furnace in a large area.

[0047] Specifically, the graphite disk 31 is a disk, and the graphite disk 31 is provided with three first installation through holes 33, and the first installation through holes 33 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the circumference of the graphite disk 31; the first connection through hole 32 is arranged between any two adjacent first installation through holes 33. The graphite heating rod 2 is arranged around the central axis of the disk through the first installation through hole 33, which can effectively improve the heat utilization rate.

[0048] Specifically, the liquid storage mechanism 4 passes through the separation furnace 1 and is communicated with the operation space 37 in the graphite tower 3 closest to the inflow pipe 11. The setting of the connection position between the liquid storage mechanism 4 and the graphite tower 3 can effectively avoid residue.

[0049] Specifically, the sizes of the first installation through holes 33 of the graphite disks 31 in each graphite tower 3 are set according to the sizes of the graphite heating columns 21, and each graphite disk 31 is attached to the adjacent graphite heating column 21.

[0050] The first connection through-hole 32 of one of the adjacent graphite disks 31 projects vertically onto the other graphite disk 31 among the adjacent two graphite disks 31 to form a projection area; the projection area and the first connection through-hole 32 in the graphite disk 31 where the projection area is located are arranged at intervals. The adjacent two first connection through-holes 32 are not in the same area, preventing the molten metal from quickly passing through the working space 37 to ensure the heating effect. The worker can adjust the interval distance between the adjacent two first connection through-holes 32 according to the actual situation.

[0051] On the side of the graphite disk 31 facing the inflow pipe 11, a disk wall 34 is provided. The disk wall 34 surrounds the working space 37. On the side of the graphite disk 31 away from the inflow pipe 11, a first limiting protrusion 35 is provided; the first limiting protrusion 35 of the graphite disk 31 closer to the inflow pipe 11 among the adjacent two graphite disks 31 is inserted into the disk wall 34 of the graphite disk 31 farther from the inflow pipe 11 among the adjacent two graphite disks 31. The cooperation of the disk wall 34 and the first limiting protrusion 35 surrounds the working space 37 into a sealed space that only communicates with the first connection through-hole 32, maximizing the utilization of the heat in the working space 37.

[0052] Specifically, one end of the disk wall 34 close to the inflow pipe 11 is a stepped surface, and the first limiting protrusion 35 abuts against the surface with a lower horizontal height of the stepped surface.

[0053] Steam through-holes 39 are provided along the wall thickness of the disk wall 34; a retaining wall 36 is provided on the side of the graphite disk 31 facing the inflow pipe 11. The setting of the retaining wall 36 can increase the residence time of the molten metal in the working space 37 and ensure the overall distillation effect. The steam through-holes 39 are used to connect the working space 37 inside the graphite disk 31 and the connection space 38 where the graphite disk 31 is located, allowing the gaseous metal to enter the connection space 38.

[0054] Specifically, the height of the retaining wall 36 is from 1 millimeter to 10 millimeters, and the height of the retaining wall 36 is lower than the height of the disk wall 34.

[0055] The sealing plate 5 is provided with a second connection through-hole and at least one second mounting hole along the plate thickness. The second connection through-hole communicates with any adjacent first connection through-hole 32; the graphite heating rod is used to pass through the second mounting hole.

[0056] On the side of the sealing plate 5 away from the inflow pipe, a second limiting protrusion 51 is provided. The second limiting protrusion 51 is used to be inserted into the disk wall of the graphite disk 3 adjacent to the side of the sealing plate 5 away from the inflow pipe; on the side of the sealing plate 5 facing the inflow pipe, a receiving groove is provided for the first limiting protrusion 35 of the graphite disk 3 adjacent to the side of the sealing plate 5 facing the inflow pipe.

[0057] Specifically, the sealing plate 5 is a graphite plate.

[0058] In the above-mentioned device, the separation furnace includes an outer shell and an inner crucible furnace. The shell is of a double-layer structure and is connected to condensed water to reduce the impact of the high temperature of the device on the outside world and ensure the safety of the operators. In addition, the separation furnace is connected to a vacuum pumping device. During the operation of the device, the vacuum pumping device is turned on to create a certain vacuum inside the separation furnace to ensure the vacuum degree in the system, reduce the heating temperature of the system, and save energy.

[0059] The working process is as follows:

[0060] The inflow pipe 11 sends the incoming solution into the first graphite tower 3, and it flows through the first connection through-holes 32 of each graphite plate 31 in the first graphite tower 3 from top to bottom. At the same time, the graphite heating column 21 in the first graphite tower 3 heats the solution to perform the first metal separation, and the separated gaseous metal enters the first connection space 28 and is collected by the first liquid storage mechanism 4.

[0061] The metal solution that has undergone the first metal separation passes through the second connection through-hole in the sealing plate 5 between the first graphite tower 3 and the second graphite tower 3 and enters the second graphite tower 3, and the above process is repeated to perform secondary separation and tertiary separation in sequence until the metal separation operation is completed after multiple separations.

[0062] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention under the inventive concept of the present invention, or any direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation apparatus, characterized in that: It comprises a separation furnace, an inflow pipe, at least one graphite heating rod, at least two graphite towers and at least two liquid storage mechanisms, wherein each of the graphite heating rods is connected to each of the graphite towers in sequence, and each of the graphite towers is located in the separation furnace; the inflow pipe is connected to the top of the separation furnace, and the inflow pipe is used to input metal solution to the graphite tower closest to the inflow pipe; the graphite towers are arranged in sequence in a vertical direction, and each of the graphite heating rods is used to heat each of the graphite towers respectively, so that the heating temperature in each of the graphite towers increases vertically in a direction away from the inflow pipe; a sealing plate is arranged on the side of each of the graphite towers away from the inflow pipe, and the outer wall surface of the sealing plate abuts against the inner wall surface of the separation furnace, and each of the sealing plates is used to divide the separation furnace into a plurality of connection spaces according to the adjacent graphite towers; one of the liquid storage mechanisms passes through the separation furnace through one of the connection spaces to connect the graphite towers in the connection space; the other of the liquid storage mechanisms passes through the separation furnace through another of the connection spaces to connect the graphite towers in the connection space.

2. A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three graphite towers are arranged in the separation furnace, and the number of the graphite towers is equal to the number of the liquid storage mechanisms; the number of the graphite towers is equal to the number of the connecting spaces.

3. A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The graphite heating rod includes a plurality of graphite heating columns, and each of the graphite heating columns is connected in sequence along the axial direction; the number of the graphite heating columns in the graphite heating rod is equal to the number of the graphite towers in the separation furnace; the diameter of the graphite heating column close to the inlet pipe in the same graphite heating rod is smaller than the diameter of the graphite heating column far away from the inlet pipe.

4. A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The liquid storage mechanism includes a condenser and a liquid storage tank, the condenser is connected to the liquid storage tank; one end of one of the condensers away from the liquid storage tank passes through the separation furnace to connect to one of the connecting spaces; the other end of the condenser away from the liquid storage tank passes through the separation furnace to connect to the other connecting space.

5. A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The graphite tower includes a plurality of graphite disks, each of which is arranged at a vertical interval to form a working space between adjacent graphite disks; each of the graphite disks is provided with a first connecting through hole and at least one first mounting through hole, and the first connecting through hole is used for allowing the metal solution to pass through; the graphite heating rod is used to pass through the first mounting through hole to heat the working space.

6. A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first connecting through hole of one of the two adjacent graphite disks is vertically projected toward the other of the two adjacent graphite disks to form a projection area; the projection area and the first connecting through hole in the graphite disk where the projection area is located are arranged at intervals.

7. A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: A disk wall is provided on the side of the graphite disk facing the inflow pipe, and the disk wall is provided around the working space. A first limiting protrusion is provided on the side of the graphite disk away from the inflow pipe; the first limiting protrusion of the graphite disk close to the inflow pipe of the two adjacent graphite disks is inserted into the disk wall of the graphite disk away from the inflow pipe of the two adjacent graphite disks.

8. A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The disc wall is provided with steam through holes along the wall thickness; and a baffle is arranged on one side of the graphite disc facing the inflow pipe.

9. A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing plate is provided with a second connecting through hole and at least one second mounting hole along the plate thickness, and the second connecting through hole is connected with any adjacent first connecting through hole; the graphite heating rod is used to pass through the second mounting hole.

10. A metal multi-stage vacuum distillation apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second limiting protrusion is provided on the side of the sealing plate facing away from the inlet pipe, and the second limiting protrusion is used to be inserted into the disk wall of the graphite disk which is adjacent to the side of the sealing plate facing away from the inlet pipe; a receiving groove is provided on the side of the sealing plate facing the inlet pipe, and the receiving groove is used for the first limiting protrusion of the sealing plate which is adjacent to the side of the graphite disk facing the inlet pipe.

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