Waste ternary soft package lithium battery recovery processing equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides waste ternary soft package lithium battery recovery processing equipment. The waste ternary soft package lithium battery recovery processing equipment comprises a crusher, a first separation structure, a sorting machine, a color sorter and a second separation structure, the crusher decomposes the lithium battery into blocks; the first separation structure is used for performing wet screening on the blocks and drying materials obtained after wet screening to obtain negative electrode graphite powder and a first mixture; the sorting machine is used for screening the first mixture to obtain a diaphragm and a second mixture; the color sorter is used for performing color sorting on the second mixture to obtain a copper foil and a third mixture; and the second separation structure is used for dissolving and screening the third mixture to obtain positive electrode powder and an aluminum foil aluminum plastic film. The utility model provides waste ternary soft package lithium battery recovery processing equipment, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, in the process of crushing and recovering lithium batteries, crushed lithium battery blocks may block a discharge port of a crusher, and the energy consumption is large.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of lithium battery recycling and treatment, and particularly relates to a recycling and treatment device for waste ternary soft-pack lithium batteries. Background Art

[0002] A lithium battery is a battery with lithium metal or lithium alloy as the positive and negative electrodes. This type of battery has a wide range of applications and causes relatively low harm to the environment. Currently, the demand for this type of battery is large. However, due to the high usage rate, the number of discarded batteries will also increase, and effective and reasonable cleaning is required. When recycling lithium batteries, it is necessary to crush the lithium batteries for subsequent recycling. The discarded lithium batteries contain a large amount of non-renewable and highly valuable heavy metal resources. The positive electrode sheet material in the lithium battery is lithium cobalt oxide powder, and the negative electrode sheet material is graphite powder. Both the positive and negative electrode sheets contain a large amount of metal materials such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, copper, and aluminum. If waste or unqualified lithium batteries can be effectively recycled and treated, it can not only reduce the environmental pressure caused by waste batteries but also avoid the waste of heavy metal resources such as cobalt, nickel, and manganese.

[0003] In the prior art, during the process of crushing and recycling lithium batteries, the lithium batteries are usually preliminarily crushed by a crusher. The sizes of the crushed lithium battery blocks vary greatly, which may block the discharge port of the crusher, affecting the subsequent treatment of the lithium battery blocks, reducing the treatment efficiency, and having poor practicability. Moreover, after the lithium batteries are crushed, the crushed lithium batteries still need to go through processes such as drying, sorting, and screening. The utility model patent CN111822140B (a recycling method for waste soft-pack lithium batteries) separates the diaphragm by air separation after crushing the lithium batteries; further adopts jigging separation and combines it with wet screening to obtain the aluminum-plastic film; finally, after drying and pulverizing the remaining substances, all valuable substances are effectively separated by screening and classification and specific gravity separation. This treatment process requires discharging the batteries, which greatly reduces the battery treatment efficiency. At the same time, the obtained positive and negative electrode powders still need further treatment, and a large amount of chemicals and water sources need to be introduced during the treatment process, resulting in high metal purification costs, complex process flows, and large energy consumption in the battery materials, and poor practicability. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The utility model provides a recycling and treatment device for waste ternary soft-pack lithium batteries, aiming to solve the problems that in the process of crushing and recycling lithium batteries in the prior art, the crushed lithium battery blocks may block the discharge port of the crusher and have large energy consumption.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide a recycling and treatment device for waste ternary soft-pack lithium batteries, including:

[0006] The crusher includes a first crushing component and a second crushing component. The first crushing component is used for primary crushing of lithium batteries to decompose the lithium batteries into blocks. The second crushing component is connected to the first crushing component and is used for secondary crushing of the larger-sized blocks in the first crushing component.

[0007] The first separation structure is connected to the crusher and is used for wet screening of the blocks and drying the materials obtained after wet screening to obtain negative electrode graphite powder and a first mixture.

[0008] The separator is connected to the first separation structure and is used for screening the first mixture to obtain a separator and a second mixture.

[0009] The color sorter is connected to the separator and is used for color sorting the second mixture to obtain copper foil and a third mixture.

[0010] The second separation structure is connected to the color sorter and is used for dissolving and screening the third mixture to obtain positive electrode powder and aluminum foil-aluminum plastic film.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the first crushing component includes:

[0012] The first crusher body has a first feed inlet, a first discharge outlet and a side outlet. The first crusher body is used for primary crushing of lithium batteries.

[0013] The filter screen is inclined and arranged in the first crusher body and is located above the first discharge outlet. The filter screen has a highest end and a lowest end, and the lowest end is located at the side outlet.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the second crushing component includes a second crusher body. The second crusher body has a second feed inlet, and the second feed inlet is connected to the side outlet.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the first separation structure includes a wet rotary screen and drying furnaces. The wet rotary screen is used for wet screening of the blocks. The number of the drying furnaces is two, and the two drying furnaces are respectively connected to two second discharge outlets of the wet rotary screen.

[0016] One of the drying furnaces is used for drying the negative electrode graphite powder, and the other drying furnace is used for drying the first mixture.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner, the separator is a pneumatic separator.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the second separation structure includes a pyrolysis furnace and a screening machine; the pyrolysis furnace is used to remove the binder on the positive electrode powder, and the screening machine is used to separate the positive electrode powder from the aluminum foil-aluminum plastic film.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the size range of the blocks derived from the crusher is 20 mm - 30 mm.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment further includes an exhaust gas treatment unit, which is connected to the two drying furnaces and the pyrolysis furnace, and is used to collect and process the tail gas generated by the drying furnaces and the pyrolysis furnace.

[0021] The beneficial effects of a waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment provided by the present utility model are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the crusher includes a first crushing component and a second crushing component. The first crushing component is used to perform primary crushing on the lithium battery and decompose the lithium battery into blocks. The second crushing component is connected to the first crushing component and is used to perform secondary crushing on the larger-sized blocks in the first crushing component. Therefore, the sizes of the crushed lithium battery blocks are relatively uniform, avoiding clogging the discharge port of the crusher, and directly crushing the lithium battery, eliminating the process of discharging treatment, and improving the efficiency of processing lithium batteries. The first separation structure is connected to the crusher and is used to perform wet screening on the blocks and dry the materials obtained after wet screening to obtain negative electrode graphite powder and a first mixture. Then, the first mixture sequentially passes through a separator, a color sorter, and a second separation structure, and is dissolved and screened by the second separation structure to obtain positive electrode powder and aluminum foil-aluminum plastic film. In this way, positive electrode powder and negative electrode powder can be obtained respectively, reducing energy consumption, simplifying the process flow, saving costs, improving the efficiency of lithium battery recycling and processing, and having good practicability. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the crusher of a waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the first crushing component of a waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the first crushing component of a waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 2 .

[0026] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0027] 10. Crusher; 11. First crusher body; 111. Side outlet; 12. Filter screen; 13. Second crusher body; 20. First separation structure; 21. Wet rotary screen; 22. Drying furnace; 30. Separator; 40. Color sorter; 50. Second separation structure; 51. Pyrolysis furnace; 52. Screening machine. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0029] It should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "height", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "head", "tail", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0030] It should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "connection", "fixation", "setting" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In addition, the meanings of "multiple" and "several" are two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4, a recycling and processing device for waste ternary soft-pack lithium batteries provided by the present utility model will be described. The recycling and processing device for waste ternary soft-pack lithium batteries includes a crusher 10, a first separation structure 20, a separator 30, a color sorter 40, and a second separation structure 50. The crusher 10 includes a first crushing component and a second crushing component. The first crushing component is used for primary crushing of the lithium battery to decompose the lithium battery into blocks. The second crushing component is connected to the first crushing component and is used for secondary crushing of the larger-sized blocks in the first crushing component. The first separation structure 20 is connected to the crusher 10 and is used for wet screening of the blocks and drying the materials obtained after wet screening to obtain negative electrode graphite powder and a first mixture. The separator 30 is connected to the first separation structure 20 and is used for screening the first mixture to obtain a separator and a second mixture. The color sorter 40 is connected to the separator 30 and is used for color sorting the second mixture to obtain copper foil and a third mixture. The second separation structure 50 is connected to the color sorter 40 and is used for dissolving and screening the third mixture to obtain positive electrode powder and aluminum foil-aluminum plastic film.

[0033] In this embodiment, the lithium battery is decomposed into blocks by the crusher 10, and the blocks are wet-screened by the first separation structure 20, and the materials obtained after wet screening are dried to obtain negative electrode graphite powder and a first mixture. Then the first mixture sequentially passes through the separator 30, the color sorter 40, and the second separation structure 50, and is dissolved and screened by the second separation structure 50 to obtain positive electrode powder and aluminum foil-aluminum plastic film. In this way, positive electrode powder and negative electrode powder can be obtained respectively.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the recycling and processing device for waste ternary soft-pack lithium batteries provided by the embodiment of the present utility model, the crusher 10 includes a first crushing component and a second crushing component. The first crushing component is used for primary crushing of the lithium battery to decompose the lithium battery into blocks. The second crushing component is connected to the first crushing component and is used for secondary crushing of the larger-sized blocks in the first crushing component. Therefore, the size of the crushed lithium battery blocks is relatively uniform, avoiding blocking the discharge port of the crusher 10, and directly crushing the lithium battery, eliminating the process of discharging treatment, and improving the efficiency of processing lithium batteries. The first separation structure 20 is connected to the crusher 10 and is used for wet screening of the blocks and drying the materials obtained after wet screening to obtain negative electrode graphite powder and a first mixture. Then the first mixture sequentially passes through the separator 30, the color sorter 40, and the second separation structure 50, and is dissolved and screened by the second separation structure 50 to obtain positive electrode powder and aluminum foil-aluminum plastic film. In this way, positive electrode powder and negative electrode powder can be obtained respectively, reducing energy consumption, simplifying the process flow, saving costs, improving the efficiency of lithium battery recycling and processing, and having good practicability.

[0035] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 2 to 4, the first crushing component includes a first crusher body 11 and a filter screen 12. The first crusher body 11 has a first feed inlet, a first discharge outlet and a side outlet 111. The first crusher body 11 is used for primary crushing of lithium batteries. The filter screen 12 is inclined and arranged in the first crusher body 11 and is located at the position of the first discharge outlet. The filter screen 12 has a highest end and a lowest end, and the lowest end is located at the side outlet 111. In this embodiment, the lithium battery is put into the first crusher body 11 through the first feed inlet and then crushed by the first crusher body 11. A filter screen 12 is arranged in the first crusher body 11, and the filter screen 12 is inclined. The crushed blocks can be filtered by the filter screen 12. The larger-sized blocks are on the filter screen 12 and move to the lowest end under the action of their own gravity and are discharged through the side outlet 111. The blocks with appropriate sizes are discharged through the first discharge outlet. Specifically, the size of the blocks discharged through the first discharge outlet is within a certain range (the size range is set according to the actual situation, and an appropriate type of filter screen 12 is selected according to the set size). The blocks larger than the set range are intercepted by the filter screen 12 and discharged through the side outlet 111.

[0036] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , the second crushing component includes a second crusher body 13. The second crusher body 13 has a second feed inlet, and the second feed inlet is communicated with the side outlet 111. In this embodiment, the second feed inlet of the second crusher body 13 is communicated with the side outlet 111 of the first crusher body 11, so as to perform secondary crushing on the larger-sized blocks by the second crusher body 13, avoid the larger-sized blocks from blocking the first discharge outlet, and improve the processing efficiency of lithium batteries.

[0037] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , the first separation structure 20 includes a wet rotary screen 21 and a drying furnace 22. The wet rotary screen 21 is used for wet screening of blocks. The number of drying furnaces 22 is two, and the two drying furnaces 22 are respectively communicated with the two second discharge outlets of the wet rotary screen 21. One of the drying furnaces 22 is used for drying the negative electrode graphite powder, and the other drying furnace 22 is used for drying the first mixture. In this embodiment, the lithium battery blocks are fed into the wet rotary screen 21 for screening, and the electrolyte and negative electrode graphite in the blocks are sorted out. Among them, the water temperature is controlled at 50 - 80 °C and is equipped with an ultrasonic generating device, and the screening time is 15 - 30 min. The solution containing the negative electrode graphite and electrolyte obtained is pressure-filtered. The filter residue is mainly the negative electrode graphite, and then dried to obtain the negative electrode powder, and the solution returns to the system for recycling. The first mixture (mainly including copper foil, positive electrode sheet, separator, aluminum-plastic film) enters the dryer, and the moisture remaining on the surface of the material is dried by the dryer to facilitate subsequent sorting.

[0038] In some embodiments, please refer toFigure 1 , the sorting machine 30 is a wind sorting machine 30. Wind sorting, also known as airflow sorting, is a method of sorting solid waste particles according to density and particle size differences under the action of airflow, using air as a sorting medium. In this embodiment, the wind sorting machine 30 selects the diaphragm in the first mixture, and the remaining second mixture is then color sorted by the color sorting machine 40 to select the copper foil in the second mixture.

[0039] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The second separation structure 50 includes a pyrolysis furnace 51 and a sieving machine 52. The pyrolysis furnace 51 is used to remove the binder on the positive electrode powder, and the sieving machine 52 is used to separate the positive electrode powder from the aluminum foil and aluminum plastic film to obtain the positive electrode powder.

[0040] In some embodiments, the size of the blocks exported by the crusher 10 ranges from 20 mm to 30 mm to prevent over-crushing that causes copper and aluminum to mix into the positive and negative electrode powders.

[0041] In some embodiments, the waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment provided by the embodiment of the utility model further includes a waste gas treatment unit (not shown in the figure), which is connected to the two drying furnaces 22 and the pyrolysis furnace 51, and is used to collect and treat the tail gas generated by the drying furnace 22 and the pyrolysis furnace 51. Specifically, the waste gas treatment unit includes a high-temperature combustion chamber, a cooling chamber, a bag filter, an alkali spray tower and an activated carbon adsorption tower. The various components of the waste gas treatment unit can be made of existing technology. In this embodiment, the waste gas enters the high-temperature combustion chamber for high-temperature combustion, and the combustion temperature is controlled at 800-1200°C, and then the flue gas after combustion is quenched, and then the flue gas after the flue gas temperature is reduced to 150-200°C is sent to the bag filter for dust removal, and then the dust-removed flue gas is sent to the alkali spray tower to remove the acidic gas in the flue gas, and then the flue gas is sent to the activated carbon adsorption tower to remove the organic waste gas in the flue gas and then emptied, thereby ensuring that the waste gas meets the emission standards.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment, characterized in that: include: The crusher comprises a first crushing assembly and a second crushing assembly, wherein the first crushing assembly is used to perform a primary crushing on the lithium battery to decompose the lithium battery into blocks; the second crushing assembly is connected to the first crushing assembly and is used to perform a secondary crushing on the larger blocks in the first crushing assembly; A first separation structure is connected to the crusher and is used to wet-screen the block and dry the material obtained after the wet-screening to obtain negative electrode graphite powder and a first mixture; A separator, connected to the first separation structure, for screening the first mixture to obtain a diaphragm and a second mixture; a color sorter, connected to the sorter, for color sorting the second mixture to obtain copper foil and a third mixture; The second separation structure is connected to the color sorter and is used to dissolve and screen the third mixture to obtain positive electrode powder and aluminum foil and aluminum-plastic film.

2. A waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first crushing assembly comprises: A first crusher body, having a first feed inlet, a first discharge outlet and a side outlet, wherein the first crusher body is used for primary crushing of lithium batteries; The filter screen is obliquely arranged in the first crusher body and is located above the first discharge port. The filter screen has a high end and a low end, and the low end is located at the side outlet.

3. A waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The second crushing assembly includes a second crusher body having a second feed inlet communicating with the side outlet.

4. The waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first separation structure includes a wet drum screen and a drying furnace, wherein the wet drum screen is used to perform wet screening on the blocks; the number of the drying furnaces is two, and the two drying furnaces are respectively connected to the two second discharge ports of the wet drum screen; One of the drying furnaces is used for drying the negative electrode graphite powder, and the other drying furnace is used for drying the first mixture.

5. The waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The classifier is a wind classifier.

6. A waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The second separation structure includes a pyrolysis furnace and a screening machine; the pyrolysis furnace is used to remove the binder on the positive electrode powder, and the screening machine is used to separate the positive electrode powder from the aluminum foil and aluminum-plastic film.

7. The waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size range of the blocks discharged through the crusher is 20mm-30mm.

8. The waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The waste ternary soft-pack lithium battery recycling and processing equipment also includes a waste gas treatment unit, which is connected to the two drying furnaces and the pyrolysis furnace and is used to collect and treat the exhaust gas generated by the drying furnace and the pyrolysis furnace.

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