Non-contact control assembly for controlling operation of electrical equipment and electrical switch

Abstract

The utility model relates to a non-contact control assembly for controlling operation of electrical equipment and an electrical switch. The non-contact control assembly comprises a control assembly shell; a magnetic sensor; a magnetic element; an actuator configured to move relative to the control assembly housing, the magnetic sensor and the magnetic element moving relative to each other in response to movement of the actuator such that the magnetic sensor senses different magnetic field readings when in different positions; a connection port for establishing power and signal connections with a motor control module, the control module operably connected to the magnetic sensor and controlling the electrical device to operate at different speeds or torques with reference to readings indicative of the sensed magnetic field; a magnetic shielding case operably connected to the actuator, the magnetic element being mounted to the actuator and located within the magnetic shielding case, the magnetic shielding case including a three-dimensional closed-loop structure having two open faces, the magnetic sensor being able to enter the interior of the magnetic shielding case through one of the open faces and to move toward the other open face in response to movement of the actuator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a non-contact potentiometer speed control switch for implementing the operation of electrical devices such as power tools, and particularly to a non-contact control component and an electrical switch that use a magnetic sensor (such as a linear Hall effect sensor or a magnetoresistive effect sensor) for speed regulation and have a function of shielding external magnetic interference. Background Art

[0002] Traditional speed control in power tools usually relies on a variable resistor called a potentiometer that uses a carbon film on a circuit board. However, the repeated sliding contact of the brush on the carbon film causes severe wear, resulting in inaccurate speed regulation. In addition, the carbon film is vulnerable to contamination, increasing the risk of short circuits and further damage.

[0003] To minimize the physical wear of the brush and the carbon film, non-contact control switches using Hall sensors have been adopted in the prior art. However, using such non-contact control switches generally faces the problem of interference from external magnetic signal sources. When these devices are subjected to magnetic interference, it may cause misoperation, causing the device to start or stop without warning, increasing the operation risk; the control accuracy is reduced, and the unstable output of the Hall sensor will affect the running speed or steering control of the power tool; the reliability decreases, and frequent magnetic interference may accelerate mechanical wear and shorten the device life; and there may be safety risks, especially in applications with high precision or extremely high safety requirements, such as medical equipment or precision manufacturing, where misreading of the sensor caused by magnetic interference may lead to serious safety accidents. External magnetic interference may cause the performance of the power tool to be unstable or degraded during use. If the non-contact switch replaces the electrical switch function, there is also a risk of unexpected operation of the motor under external magnetic interference. Therefore, solving the problem of interference from external magnetic signal sources is crucial for improving the performance and safety of non-contact control switches. By improving the magnetic shielding technology, these negative effects can be effectively reduced to ensure the accuracy and reliability of device operation.

[0004] Prior Art 1 discloses a Hall speed control signal switch that uses an outer shielding cover 210 to solve the problem of external magnetic interference, as Figure 1A shown. To evaluate the impact of external magnetic interference on this signal switch, the applicant conducted detailed magnetic interference tests. Simulating when there is no external interfering magnetic flux and the relative position between the magnet and the Hall element outputs 50% of the maximum output, the influence of applying different degrees of magnetic interference externally on the output voltage was observed. During the test, the applicant used a magnetic field generator to increase the magnetic flux from zero to about 70 millitesla and observed that the switch output voltage increased from 50% to 75% of the input voltage. The results are as Figure 2As shown by curve A, when a high magnetic flux is applied, the output voltage of the switch changes significantly, indicating that the internal Hall sensor and magnetic components are affected by external magnetic flux interference. These findings confirm that there is still room for improvement in the patent's protection against external magnetic interference. Based on the above results, the outer shielding cover 210 cannot effectively shield external magnetic interference and will also affect the speed control accuracy of the sensor; in addition, the external design requires additional space, which limits the flexibility of application design. Moreover, the outer shielding cover 210 requires a large amount of magnetic shielding material and has a large volume, and the production process of the shielding cover is numerous and relatively complex.

[0005] Prior art 2 discloses a non-contact speed control switch equipped with two permanent magnets 220, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the Hall element 230, and the magnetic poles of the two permanent magnets 220 are the south pole and the north pole, respectively, and are arranged oppositely, as Figure 1B shown. This patent believes that a stable magnetic field region can be formed due to the two permanent magnets 220. To evaluate the impact of external magnetic interference on this speed control switch, the applicant conducted a detailed magnetic interference test. Simulating the situation without external interfering magnetic flux, when the relative position between the magnet and the Hall element outputs 50% of the maximum output, the impact of applying different degrees of external magnetic interference on the output voltage was tested. During the test, the applicant used a magnetic field generator to increase the magnetic flux from zero to approximately 70 millitesla and observed that the output voltage of the switch increased from 50% of the input voltage to 77%. The results are as Figure 2 shown by curve B. When a high magnetic flux is applied, the output voltage of the switch changes significantly, indicating that the internal Hall element 230 and the permanent magnets 220 are severely interfered. These findings confirm that there is still room for improvement in the patent's protection against external magnetic interference. In addition, the design of two permanent magnets requires additional materials, volume, and space.

[0006] Prior art 3 describes a non-contact potentiometer signal switch configured with two magnetic steels 240. These magnetic steels 240 are horizontally arranged beside the speed control push rod and have the south pole and the north pole. The speed control push rod drives the N-pole magnetic steel and the S-pole magnetic steel to linearly reciprocate relative to the linear Hall element 250, as Figure 1C shown. The purpose of this patent is to avoid affecting the stability and consistency of the motor output speed and power. To verify the above conclusion, the applicant conducted a detailed magnetic interference test. Simulating the situation without external interfering magnetic flux, when the relative position between the magnet and the Hall element outputs 50% of the maximum output, the impact of applying different degrees of external magnetic interference on the output voltage was tested. During the test, the applicant used a magnetic field generator to increase the magnetic flux from zero to approximately 70 millitesla and observed that the output voltage of the switch increased from 50% of the input voltage to 68%. The results are as Figure 2As shown by curve C, when a high magnetic flux is applied, the output voltage of the switch changes significantly, indicating that the internal linear Hall element 250 and the magnet 240 are disturbed. These findings confirm that there is still room for improvement in the patent's protection against external magnetic interference.

[0007] To evaluate the impact of external magnetic interference on the operation of the signal switch, the applicant first measured the correlation between the output voltage and the actuator stroke in the absence of magnetic interference. Taking 3.3 volts as an example voltage for this test ( Figures 3A - 3B the output voltage is shown as a percentage of the maximum output voltage), as Figure 3A shown, the voltage rapidly rises from near 0% of the maximum output voltage to approximately 40% of the maximum output voltage, then the rate of increase significantly slows down between 40% and 60% of the maximum output voltage, and then rapidly rises from 60% of the maximum output voltage to the maximum output voltage. The test results show that due to the use of two separate magnets 240, the voltage output by the linear Hall element 250 exhibits significant non-linear changes. Such non-linear or non-uniform distribution of voltage, if applied to power tools, may seriously affect the tool performance, especially in situations where precise control is required. The voltage change fluctuations directly affect the speed and torque consistency of the motor, which may lead to inaccurate operation and increase the risk of use. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve or avoid voltage change fluctuations to ensure the stability and operational safety of tools (such as power tools).

[0008] The applicant further conducted an external magnetic interference test. The specific method was to apply a magnet with a high magnetic flux (about 210 mT) outside the device as the magnetic interference source. The test results are presented in the form of a curve graph, as Figure 3B shown, where the solid line represents the output voltage without the influence of external magnetic flux, and the dashed line shows the output voltage under the influence of the external magnetic interference source. This graph shows that under the influence of the external magnet interference, the output voltage has changed significantly. For example, when the speed control push rod stroke is about 5 mm, the output voltage should be 52% of the input voltage, but under magnetic interference, the output voltage suddenly becomes about 78%. Such a significant change will cause a sudden large increase in the speed of the power tool, which may pose a danger to the user. In addition, the stroke at which the output voltage starts to rise and the saturated stroke will also be affected. This proves that there is still room for improvement in the patent's resistance to external magnetic interference, which may affect the operational stability or performance of power tools.

[0009] In the prior art, there are also electrical switches that use an internal magnetic shielding case to solve the problem of external magnetic interference. For example, the prior art 4 discloses a control component for controlling the operating speed or torque of an electrical device, including a control component housing, a magnetic sensor 260, a magnetic element 270, an actuator 280, a control module, and a magnetic shielding element 290. The magnetic shielding element 290 is positioned within the control component housing to reduce the interference of a magnetic signal source outside the control component on the sensing of the magnetic sensor. The magnetic shielding element 290 includes a three-dimensional closed-loop structure with an open face through which the interior of the magnetic shielding element 290 can be accessed, as Figure 1D shown. However, this patent also has the following limitations: 1. The magnetic sensor 260 must be directly aligned with the magnetic element 270. When the magnetic element 270 is far from the magnetic sensor 260, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor 260 will decrease; when the magnetic element 270 is close to the magnetic sensor 260, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor 260 will increase. This limits the magnetic sensor 260 to be placed at a relatively far position from the magnetic element 270, requiring a larger spacing compared to the present invention, resulting in an increase in the size of the control component and making it difficult to manufacture a more compact switch in a shorter length and longer stroke. 2. In addition, due to the need for a larger spacing, the magnetic element 270 must have a higher magnetic flux to activate the output of the magnetic sensor 260, and the volume and cost of the magnetic element 270 are relatively increased compared to the present invention. 3. To effectively prevent magnetic interference, since the magnetic sensor is located at the end of the magnetic shielding element 290 and is at risk of being interfered by external magnetic flux, the magnetic shielding element 290 needs to be protected with one end closed. However, this one-end-closed magnetic shielding element 290 increases the manufacturing cost, increases the total length required, and poses production challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This application aims to alleviate at least one of the above problems.

[0011] This application may include several general forms. Embodiments of this application may include one or any combination of the different general forms described herein.

[0012] In one general form, this application provides a non-contact control component for controlling the operation of an electrical device. The non-contact control component includes:

[0013] A control component housing;

[0014] A magnetic sensor;

[0015] A magnetic element;

[0016] An actuator configured to move relative to a control component housing, wherein in response to movement of the actuator relative to the control component housing, a magnetic sensor and a magnetic element move relative to each other between at least a first position and a second position such that the magnetic sensor senses a first magnetic field reading when in the first position and a second magnetic field reading when in the second position;

[0017] A connection port for establishing a power and signal connection with a motor control module, the control module being operably connected to the magnetic sensor and configured to control an electrical device to operate at at least one of a first speed or torque and a second speed or torque by respectively referring to the outputs of the magnetic sensor indicating the sensed first and second magnetic field readings; and

[0018] A magnetic shielding case operably connected to the actuator, the magnetic element being mounted to the actuator and located within the magnetic shielding case, wherein the magnetic shielding case includes a three-dimensional closed-loop structure having two open faces, and in response to movement of the actuator relative to the control component housing, the magnetic sensor can enter the interior of the magnetic shielding case through one of the open faces of the magnetic shielding case and move relative to the magnetic element within the magnetic shielding case towards the other open face of the magnetic shielding case to effectively eliminate interference from magnetic signal sources external to the non-contact control component to the magnetic sensor's sensing of the first and second magnetic field readings generated by the movement of the magnetic element in response to the movement of the actuator.

[0019] Preferably, the magnetic sensor includes a linear Hall effect sensor or a magnetoresistive effect sensor.

[0020] Preferably, the non-contact control component further includes a connection member configured to establish a telecommunication connection between the magnetic sensor and the control module.

[0021] Preferably, the connection member includes a sensor PCB to which the magnetic sensor is mounted, and the non-contact control component further includes a main PCB operably connected to the sensor PCB.

[0022] Preferably, the sensor PCB is a flexible PCB, one end of the flexible PCB is connected to one end of the main PCB, and the other end of the flexible PCB is separated from the other end of the main PCB to form a gap, the gap being configured for the side wall of the magnetic shielding case to move through the gap so that the magnetic sensor enters the interior of the magnetic shielding case with the flexible PCB through one of the open faces of the magnetic shielding case and moves relative to the magnetic element within the magnetic shielding case towards the other open face of the magnetic shielding case.

[0023] Typically, the non-contact control component further includes a support member for supporting the flexible PCB, the support member being mounted within the control component housing and at least a part of the support member being connected to the other end of the flexible PCB.

[0024] Another preferably, the sensor PCB is a rigid PCB. One end of the rigid PCB is connected to one end of the main PCB, and the other end of the rigid PCB is separated from the other end of the main PCB to form a gap. The gap is configured for the side wall of the magnetic shielding case to move through the gap, so that the magnetic sensor enters the interior of the magnetic shielding case through one of the opening surfaces of the magnetic shielding case along with the rigid PCB and moves relative to the magnetic element inside the magnetic shielding case towards the other opening surface of the magnetic shielding case.

[0025] Preferably, one end of the rigid PCB is integrally connected to one end of the main PCB.

[0026] Preferably, the non-contact control component is integrally formed in a contact electrical switch. The electrical switch includes at least a pair of electrical switch contacts, and the actuator includes a contact actuating member for closing or opening the electrical switch contacts. The contact actuating member of the actuator can operate one or more pairs of electrical switch contacts, and the electrical switch contacts can be configured as normally open and / or normally closed.

[0027] Another preferably, the non-contact control component is integrally formed in a non-contact electrical switch. The electrical switch includes at least one non-contact switch device, and the non-contact switch device is configured to close or open in response to the movement of the actuator relative to the control component housing.

[0028] Preferably, the output of the magnetic sensor includes a variable voltage or a variable resistance or a digital output for indicating at least one of the sensed first magnetic field reading and the second magnetic field reading.

[0029] Preferably, the operating speed or torque of the electrical device includes the operating speed or torque of the motor of the electrical device.

[0030] Preferably, the non-contact control component further includes:

[0031] An optical sensor;

[0032] A shielding element;

[0033] A commutation member configured to move relative to the control component housing, wherein in response to the movement of the commutation member relative to the control component housing, when the commutation member moves to different positions relative to the control component housing, the optical sensor is used to sense the change in light reception at different positions;

[0034] The control module is operatively connected to the optical sensor and is configured to control the electrical device to operate in either a forward running mode or a reverse running mode by referring to the change in light reception output by the optical sensor.

[0035] Preferably, the optical sensor includes an optical interrupter.

[0036] Preferably, the optical sensor is mounted inside the control component housing and the shielding element is mounted to the commutation member.

[0037] Preferably, the forward and reverse operations of the electrical device include the forward and reverse operations of the motor of the electrical device.

[0038] Preferably, the electrical device includes at least one of a power tool and a power gardening tool.

[0039] In another general form, the present application provides an electrical switch, which includes the above non-contact control component. Description of the Drawings

[0040] The present application will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of the preferred but non-limiting embodiments described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0041] Figures 1A - 1C Perspective views of electrical switches in the prior arts 1-3 are shown respectively;

[0042] Figure 1D A cross-sectional view of the control component in the prior art 4 is shown, where an internal magnetic shielding shell is used to shield external magnetic interference;

[0043] Figure 2 The influence of applying different degrees of magnetic interference externally on the output voltage when simulating the relative positions of the magnet and the Hall element in the electrical switches in each prior art without external interfering magnetic flux and the output is 50% of the maximum output is shown, where curves A, B, and C represent the prior arts 1-3 respectively.

[0044] Figures 3A - 3B The correlations between the output voltage of the electrical switch in the prior art 3 and the actuator stroke are shown respectively, where, Figure 3A is the output voltage without the influence of external magnetic flux, Figure 3B The solid line in represents the output voltage without the influence of external magnetic flux, and the dashed line shows the output voltage affected by an external magnetic interference source.

[0045] Figures 4A - 4C Perspective views, exploded views, and side cross-sectional views of the electrical switch including the non-contact control component according to the first embodiment of the present application are shown respectively. By pressing the trigger with the user's finger, the actuator moves inward from the OFF position towards the ON position relative to the opening of the control component housing; when the user's finger releases the trigger, the actuator is urged by the return spring to move outward from the ON position towards the OFF position relative to the opening of the control component housing;

[0046] Figures 5A - 5BThe exploded view before assembly and the perspective view after assembly of the brake, magnetic shielding case, and magnetic element according to the first embodiment of the present application are respectively shown. The magnetic shielding case is configured to be positioned on the actuator, and the magnetic element is configured to be positioned on one side inside the magnetic shielding case and fixed to the actuator together;

[0047] Figures 6A - 6B The exploded view before assembly and the perspective view after assembly of the magnetic sensor (such as a linear Hall effect sensor) and the connecting member according to the first embodiment of the present application are respectively shown. The connecting member includes a sensor PCB, the sensor PCB is a flexible PCB, and the connecting member further includes a support member for supporting the flexible PCB;

[0048] Figure 7 The perspective view of the assembly of the magnetic element, magnetic sensor (such as a linear Hall effect sensor), and magnetic shielding case according to the first embodiment of the present application is shown. The magnetic sensor enters the interior of the magnetic shielding case through one of the opening surfaces of the magnetic shielding case along with the flexible PCB and moves relative to the magnetic element inside the magnetic shielding case towards the other opening surface of the magnetic shielding case;

[0049] Figures 8A - 8C The cross-sectional views when the magnetic element moves to different positions relative to the magnetic sensor (such as a linear Hall effect sensor) according to the first embodiment of the present application are respectively shown. Among them, Figure 8A When the magnetic sensor is located at the S pole of the magnet, the output voltage is zero volts; Figure 8B When the magnetic sensor is located in the middle of the two poles of the magnet, the output voltage is close to half of the input voltage; Figure 8C When the magnetic sensor is located at the N pole of the magnet, the output voltage is equal to the input voltage;

[0050] Figures 9A - 9B The perspective view and the exploded view of the electrical switch including a non-contact control component according to the second embodiment of the present application are respectively shown. By pressing the trigger with the user's finger, the actuator moves inward relative to the opening of the control component housing from the OFF position towards the ON position; when the user's finger releases the trigger, the actuator is urged by the return spring to move outward relative to the opening of the control component housing from the ON position towards the OFF position;

[0051] Figures 10A - 10B The exploded view before assembly and the perspective view after assembly of the brake, magnetic shielding case, and magnetic element according to the second embodiment of the present application are respectively shown. The magnetic shielding case is configured to be positioned on the actuator, and the magnetic element is configured to be positioned on one side inside the magnetic shielding case;

[0052] Figures 11A - 11BStereoscopic views before and after the assembly of the magnetic element, magnetic sensor (such as a linear Hall effect sensor), and magnetic shielding case of the second embodiment of the present application are shown. The magnetic sensor enters the interior of the magnetic shielding case through one of the opening surfaces of the magnetic shielding case together with the rigid PCB and moves relative to the magnetic element inside the magnetic shielding case towards the other opening surface of the magnetic shielding case;

[0053] Figures 12A - 12B The electrical switch contact state diagrams of the first or second embodiment of the present application are shown; wherein, Figure 12A It is a state diagram in which the electrical switch contacts are open when the actuator is in the initial state, Figure 12B It is a state diagram in which the electrical switch contacts are closed when the actuator is being pushed;

[0054] Figure 13A Stereoscopic views of the electrical switch including the non-contact control component of the fourth embodiment of the present application are shown. The optical sensor includes a first optical sensor and a second optical sensor. The commutation member includes a slider, and the shielding element is fixed to the top of the slider. When the slider moves to the right position, the shielding element is configured to block the gap of the first optical sensor; when the slider moves to the left position, the shielding element is configured to block the gap of the second optical sensor;

[0055] Figures 13B - 13C Stereoscopic views of the optical sensor and the shielding element of the fourth embodiment of the present application are shown respectively; the optical sensor is mounted on the main PCB, and the shielding element is fixed to the top of the slider. Among them, Figure 13B The slider is shown, Figure 13C The slider is omitted.

[0056] Figure 14 A voltage change curve diagram in an ideal state when the magnetic element of the present application moves to different positions relative to the magnetic sensor (such as a linear Hall effect sensor) is shown; (for example, the input voltage is 3.3V) Among them, from before position A to position A, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor is zero volts; at position B, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor is 1.65V, which is half of the input voltage; from position C to after position C, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor is 3.3V, which is equal to the input voltage. Depending on the operating voltage of the circuit and device, the input voltage of the magnetic sensor can be other voltages, such as 5.0V.

[0057] Figure 15 A curve diagram of the shielding layer thickness of the present application and the external magnetic field strength exposed by the magnetic sensor (such as a linear Hall effect sensor) is shown. The magnetic induction intensity curve represents the maximum acceptable magnetic induction intensity value around the switch;

[0058] Figures 16A - 16CShows the control circuit diagrams of the electrical switches including non-contact control components in the first, third, and fourth embodiments of the present application;

[0059] Figure 17 Shows the influence of the electrical switch including non-contact control components in the present application on the output voltage under external magnetic interference, where the dashed line indicates no magnetic shielding case and the solid line indicates there is a magnetic shielding case.

[0060] Figures 18A - 18C Respectively show the correlation between the output voltage of the electrical switch including non-contact control components in the present application and the actuator stroke, where Figure 18A is the output voltage without the influence of external magnetic flux, Figure 18B is the output voltage under the influence of an external magnetic interference source; Figure 18C is Figure 18A and Figure 18B merged. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment

[0061] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described herein with reference to FIGS. 4 to 18. The embodiments include an electrical switch including a non-contact control component for use with a power tool, and the power tool includes, for example, a drill, a grinder, a sander, a saw, a rotary drive tool, etc. It should be appreciated and understood that although the present embodiment is described as being used with a power tool, this is merely for illustrative purposes, and alternative embodiments of the present application can of course be used with other types of electrical devices, such as power gardening tools. In addition, although the embodiments of the present application described herein refer to electrical devices including an electric motor, it should be understood that alternative embodiments of the present application can also be applicable to electrical devices including solenoid-type electromechanical units to achieve operable movement (such as reciprocating movement) of the electrical device.

[0062] The power tool includes a brushless DC motor, and the brushless DC motor includes a rotor and a stator for providing a magnetic field to drive the rotor. The rotor of the brushless DC motor includes an output shaft supported by a plurality of bearings for providing output torque and surrounded by a permanent magnet that generates a magnetic field. The stator is mounted around the rotor, and an air gap is provided between the stator and the rotor. The stator windings are located in the air gap and are arranged parallel to the output shaft of the rotor, and can generally be connected in a delta configuration or a three-phase star connection configuration. When current flows through the stator windings, a magnetic field is generated in the stator windings, the magnetic field is magnetically coupled with the rotor, and the rotor is "dragged" to rotate by the magnetic field. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet in the rotor assembly will tend to align itself with the magnetic field generated by the stator, so that the rotor will undergo rotational movement. Therefore, by controlling the timing and sequential excitation of the stator windings, it is possible to set the rotational movement control of the rotor shaft at any desired operating speed and operating direction, and the non-contact control component and the electrical switch including it will be described in more detail below.

[0063] Figures 4A - 4C , Figures 5A - 5B , Figures 6A - 6B , Figure 7 and Figures 8A - 8C illustrates a first embodiment of an electrical switch of the present application that includes a non-contact control component. As Figures 4A - 4C shown, the non-contact control component includes a control component housing 100 (a molded plastic housing) for mounting to the body of a power tool near the handle of the power tool. The control component housing 100 includes a first housing member 100A and a second housing member 100B, which can be snap-connected or threaded together to securely encapsulate at least some of the components of the non-contact control component therein. In this embodiment, the non-contact control component is integrally formed in a contact electrical switch that includes at least a pair of electrical switch contacts. The electrical switch contacts of this embodiment include a conductive elastic member 170B. One end of the conductive elastic member 170B is assembled to the main PCB 170 and is electrically and mechanically connected through a conductive pad 170C on the main PCB 170. The other end of the conductive elastic member 170B is separably arranged from the main PCB 170, and the main PCB 170 is configured with a conductive layer 170D corresponding to the other end of the conductive elastic member 170B. The non-contact control component further includes an actuator 110 operably connected to the electrical switch contacts of the electrical switch and an actuator shaft 110A having a finger-operable portion. The actuator 110 includes a contact actuator member 110J for closing and opening the electrical switch contacts. In this embodiment, the contact actuator member 110J can be configured as an inclined surface. When the actuator 110 is in the initial position, the other end of the conductive elastic member 170B is not in contact with the conductive layer 170D on the main PCB 170, and the electrical switch contacts are in the open state (as Figure 12A shown), and the brushless DC motor outputs zero speed; when the actuator 110 is pushed, the contact actuator member 110J presses the other end of the conductive elastic member 170B to make it contact with the conductive layer 170D on the main PCB 170, and the electrical switch contacts are in the closed state (as Figure 12B shown), realizing the electrical connection between the power supply and the brushless DC motor. Specifically, the contact actuator member 110J of the actuator 110 can operate one or more pairs of electrical switch contacts. In this embodiment, the number of electrical switch contacts is two pairs, and correspondingly, the contact actuator member 110J of the actuator 110 is configured in two groups. Of course, it can be understood that in other embodiments, the number of electrical switch contacts can also be one pair or more than two pairs, and the contact actuator member 110J of the actuator 110 is reasonably configured according to the number of electrical switch contacts. In this embodiment, as Figures 4B - 4C shown, the main PCB 170 can be equipped with two sets of operable conductive elastic members 170B through two sets of conductive pads 170 on the main PCB 170. AsFigures 5A - 5B As shown, two sets of contact actuating members 110J of the actuator 110 can operably contact corresponding conductive elastic members 170B with corresponding conductive layers 170D on the main PCB 170. In response to the operation of the finger-operable trigger 110B, when the trigger 110B is pressed, the actuator shaft 110A linearly slides from the OFF position along the moving axis (X) in the direction inward of the opening in the control component housing 100 to the ON position (thus closing the electrical switch contacts). Correspondingly, a return spring 110C is clamped between the actuator 110 and the inner side wall of the control component housing 100 on the side in the direction of the opening inward of the control component housing 100. When the user's finger releases the trigger 110B, the actuator 110 is urged by the return spring 110C to linearly slide from the ON position along the moving axis (X) outward of the opening in the control component housing 100 to the OFF position (thus opening the electrical switch contacts). By appropriately changing the shape of the conductive elastic member 170B, the shape of the contact actuating member 110J, and the position where the conductive elastic member 170B is connected to the main PCB 170, the electrical switch contacts can be configured as normally open and / or normally closed, and the stroke of the corresponding trigger 110B or actuator 110 when the electrical switch contacts just close can also be adjusted. According to different applications, multiple pairs of electrical switch contacts can be made to correspond to the positions or position areas of the actuator 110 to perform different logics or functions. The above is an example of a non-contact control component for a contact electrical switch, which can be implemented in other structures. In other embodiments, the non-contact control component can also be integrally formed in a non-contact electrical switch, which includes at least one non-contact switch device. In response to the movement of the actuator 110 relative to the control component housing 100, the non-contact switch device is configured to close or open. The non-contact switch device can adopt at least one of a magnetic amplifier type non-contact switch, a vacuum tube, an ion tube type non-contact switch, and a semiconductor non-contact switch. Since the non-contact switch device has no movable contact parts, there is no arc or spark when conducting and disconnecting, the action is rapid, the service life is long, and the reliability is high, and it can replace the electrical switch contacts to form a non-contact electrical switch. The operation mode of the non-contact electrical switch is basically the same as that of the above-mentioned contact electrical switch, except that at least one non-contact switch device replaces at least one pair of electrical switch contacts in the contact electrical switch to achieve electrical connection or disconnection between the power supply and the brushless DC motor.

[0064] As Figures 5A - 5B , Figures 6A - 6B and Figure 7As shown, a magnetic element 120 is provided on the actuator 110, and a corresponding magnetic sensor 130 is provided within the control assembly housing 100 such that when the actuator shaft 110A slides in and out of the control assembly housing 100 along the movement axis (X), the magnetic sensor 130 is configured to sense a changing magnetic field reading from the magnetic element 120, which indicates the relative distance between the magnetic element 120 and the magnetic sensor 130. In this embodiment, the magnetic sensor 130 employs a linear Hall effect sensor, although in other embodiments, any other suitable type of magnetic sensor such as a magnetoresistive effect sensor can be configured to be used instead to sense the magnetic field or other magnetic-related characteristics of the corresponding magnetic element 120. The magnetic element 120 generates a magnetic field with a direction parallel to the axis of the magnetic shielding case 140, and the direction of the magnetic field is consistent with the movement direction of the actuator 110. The magnetic element 120 can be any kind of magnet, including but not limited to permanent magnets and electromagnets, thus providing flexibility in applications and functions. The magnetic element 120 can be of a variety of different shapes, including but not limited to cylindrical, disc-shaped, bar-shaped, annular, or cube-shaped. In addition, the magnetic element 120 can also be a customized non-standard shape, such as oval, triangular, or other complex geometric shapes, to meet specific spatial configurations or functional requirements.

[0065] In response to the movement of the actuator 110 relative to the control component housing 100, the magnetic sensor 130 and the magnetic element 120 move relative to each other between at least one of a first position and a second position, such that the magnetic sensor 130 senses a first magnetic field reading when in the first position and a second magnetic field reading when in the second position. When the actuator 110 is set in the OFF position, the electrical switch contacts within the electrical switch are open and the brushless DC motor outputs zero rotational speed. When the actuator shaft 110A moves to the ON position, the electrical switch contacts within the electrical switch close, and electrical connectivity is achieved between the power supply and the motor. When the electrical switch contacts are closed, the magnetic element 120 can be set in any one of a plurality of possible positions relative to the magnetic sensor 130, depending on the force with which the user's finger presses the trigger 110B. The magnetic sensor 130 is configured to output a variable voltage or a variable resistance or a digital output that is proportional to the magnetic field sensed by the magnetic sensor 130, for indicating the above-mentioned magnetic field readings that are sensed. Taking the output of a variable voltage as an example, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor 130 is not only proportional to the input voltage, but also linearly varies according to the change in the magnetic flux density perpendicular to the marked surface. The magnetic sensor 130 can detect and respond to the magnetic flux density perpendicular to its designated active surface. The change in the output voltage is directly related to the magnitude of the magnetic flux in the sensing direction of the magnetic sensor and the polarity (magnetic flux direction) of the sensing direction of the magnetic sensor, thereby establishing a proportional relationship between the input voltage and the output voltage. Specifically, when the magnetic sensor 130 is located at the S pole and has a high magnetic field intensity (the magnetic flux in the sensing direction of the magnetic sensor is greater than the saturation value), the output voltage of the magnetic sensor 130 is zero volts, as shown in Figure 8A shown. As the magnetic sensor 130 gradually moves from the S pole towards the zero perpendicular magnetic flux region at the center of the magnetic element 120, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor 130 gradually increases to half of the input voltage, as shown in Figure 8B shown. As the magnetic sensor 130 continues to move towards the N pole, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor 130 will further increase. When it reaches the N pole with a high magnetic field intensity (the magnetic flux in the sensing direction of the magnetic sensor is greater than the saturation value), the output voltage will reach the same as the input voltage, as shown in Figure 8C shown. This function enables the magnetic sensor 130 to accurately indicate the readings of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field that are measured, thereby providing reliable data for the control module for further processing. In the magnetic sensor 130 operating with a set input voltage of 3.3V, the output state varies significantly according to the proximity and polarity of the magnetic field. The ideal voltage change curve when the magnetic sensor 130 moves to different positions is as shown in Figure 14As shown, from before position A to position A, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor 130 is zero volts; at position B, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor 130 is 1.65V, which is half of the input voltage; finally, from position C to after position C, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor 130 is 3.3V, equal to the input voltage. Depending on the operating voltage of the circuit and components, the input voltage of the magnetic sensor 130 can be other voltages, such as 5.0V.

[0066] The magnetic shielding case 140 is operably connected to the actuator 110. The magnetic element 120 is mounted on the actuator 110 and is located inside the magnetic shielding case 140. The magnetic shielding case 140 includes a three-dimensional closed-loop structure with two open faces. In response to the movement of the actuator 110 relative to the control component housing 100, the magnetic sensor 130 can enter the interior of the magnetic shielding case 140 through one of the open faces of the magnetic shielding case 140 and move relative to the magnetic element 120 inside the magnetic shielding case 140 towards the other open face of the magnetic shielding case 140, so as to effectively eliminate the interference of the magnetic signal source outside the non-contact control component on the magnetic sensor 130's sensing of the first magnetic field reading and the second magnetic field reading generated by the magnetic element 120 in response to the movement of the actuator 110. The design of the magnetic shielding case 140 has diversity. Common shapes include cylindrical, square or rectangular, annular, and specially made non-standard shapes, such as trapezoidal, elliptical or other complex geometric shapes. The magnetic shielding case 140 is made of magnetic materials selected for their high magnetic permeability and low magnetic saturation characteristics, which can ensure the best shielding effect. Suitable materials for manufacturing include silicon steel, low-carbon steel, permalloy, and supermalloy that can attenuate magnetic interference. In terms of size, the length of the magnetic shielding case 140 is sufficient to enclose the magnetic element 120 and the magnetic sensor 130, thus providing comprehensive magnetic shielding. For example, the magnetic shielding case 140 can include Figures 5A - 5BThe hollow cylindrical structure shown in the example. In addition, both the magnetic element 120 and the magnetic shielding shell 140 are configured to be positioned on the actuator 110, and the magnetic element 120 is located on one side inside the magnetic shielding shell 140. The magnetic sensor 130 located on the opposite side of the magnetic element 120 can enter the magnetic shielding shell 140 through the opening surface on the other side inside the magnetic shielding shell 140 and move relative to the magnetic element 120 inside the magnetic shielding shell 140 towards the other opening surface of the magnetic shielding shell 140 to reduce the occurrence of external magnetic signal source interference. The magnetic element 120 and the magnetic shielding shell 140 can be installed in the actuator 110 using various connection methods, such as snap fit, thermal riveting, insert molding, adhesives, interlocking functions, riveting, and screwing, etc., to ensure that the magnetic element 120 and the magnetic shielding shell 140 are firmly installed on the actuator 110, improving the overall stability and efficiency of the non-contact control assembly, not only ensuring the secure connection of the components during movement but also providing the flexibility to select the most suitable installation method according to different application requirements. In this embodiment, the actuator 110 is provided with an installation groove 110D that cooperates with the magnetic shielding shell 140, the magnetic shielding shell 140 is embedded in the installation groove 110D, the actuator 110 is provided with a fixing block 110E corresponding to the inner side of the magnetic shielding shell 140, one end of the fixing block 110E is horizontally provided with a receiving groove 110F that cooperates with the magnetic element 120, the magnetic element 120 is embedded in the receiving groove 110F, the fixing block 110E is semi-cylindrical, and a receiving hole 110G for the magnetic sensor 130 to pass through is formed between the fixing block 110E and the inner side wall of the magnetic shielding shell 140, and the receiving hole 110G is semi-cylindrical; the setting of the above structure ensures that the magnetic element 120 and the magnetic shielding shell 140 are firmly installed inside the actuator 110, improving the overall stability and efficiency of the non-contact control assembly. The effectiveness of the magnetic shielding shell 140 is largely affected by its thickness. A thicker magnetic shielding shell 140 usually provides better protection against external magnetic interference. However, it is not necessary to increase the thickness indefinitely. Beyond a certain thickness, about 0.5 mm or greater thickness, such as it can be 0.5 - 2.5 mm, specifically, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm, etc., can achieve a good shielding effect. Such as Figure 15As shown, the voltage change threshold of the magnetic sensor 130 is set to a maximum acceptable value, and any change exceeding this threshold will be regarded as a failure. By adjusting the surrounding magnetic field, different thicknesses of magnetic shielding designs are tested to determine which is more effective. Specifically, the applicant will use an external magnetic field in mT to test magnetic shielding cases 140 of various thicknesses. According to the experiment, the voltage change output by the magnetic sensor 130 remains below the maximum acceptable output change value when the external magnetic field strength is lower than the magnetic induction intensity corresponding to the curve. In some embodiments, the magnetic shielding case 140 can be used as both a magnetic shield and a waterproof seal to provide a dual function, which can avoid the need to use separate magnetic shielding and waterproof elements in the device. For example, after installing the magnetic shielding case 140, coating or potting is performed on the exposed surfaces of the magnetic element 120 and the magnetic sensor 130. This setting can simplify the overall design, save manufacturing time, cost, and reduce complexity.

[0067] As Figures 6A - 6B shown, the non-contact control assembly further includes a connecting member 150, which is configured to establish a telecommunication connection (power supply and signal connection) between the magnetic sensor 130 and the control module to transmit a variable speed control signal. In this embodiment, the connecting member 150 can be used as a connection medium for surface-mounting the magnetic sensor 130, which helps to integrate it into the main PCB 170. The connecting member 150 is specifically designed for the assembly and electrical interconnection of the magnetic sensor 130 to ensure seamless integration with the function of the magnetic sensor 130. In other embodiments, a set of wires, metal rods, or any other conductive material can be used to replace the connecting member 150. In this embodiment, the connecting member 150 includes a sensor PCB 150A, and the magnetic sensor 130 is mounted on the sensor PCB 150A. The non-contact control assembly includes a main PCB 170 that is operably connected to the sensor PCB 150A. Further, the sensor PCB 150A is a flexible PCB. One end of the flexible PCB is connected to one end of the main PCB 170, and the other end of the flexible PCB is separated from the other end of the main PCB 170 to form a gap. The gap is configured such that the side wall of the magnetic shielding case 140 can move through the gap, enabling the magnetic sensor 130 to enter the interior of the magnetic shielding case 140 through one opening surface of the magnetic shielding case 140 along with the flexible PCB and move relative to the magnetic element 120 inside the magnetic shielding case 140 towards the other opening surface of the magnetic shielding case 140. Specifically, the flexible PCB is in a long strip shape. The right end of the flexible PCB is bent backward to form a first bending portion 150B, and the top of the first bending portion 150B is bent upward to form a second bending portion 150C, which facilitates the electrical and mechanical connection of the flexible PCB to the main PCB 170 through the second bending portion 150C.

[0068] In order to enable the flexible PCB to move smoothly relative to the magnetic component 120 inside the magnetic shielding case 140, the non-contact control assembly further includes a support member 160 for supporting the flexible PCB. The support member 160 is installed inside the control assembly housing 100, and at least a part of the support member 160 is connected to the other end of the flexible PCB. Specifically, the support member 160 is strip-shaped, and a receiving hole 160A is formed in the middle of the support member 160 corresponding to the position of the magnetic sensor 130. The magnetic sensor 130 is exposed from the receiving hole 160A. In other embodiments, when the thickness of the magnetic sensor 130 is relatively thin, the receiving hole 160A can be replaced by a receiving groove. The right end of the support member 160 is bent downward to form a clamping portion 160B, which is convenient for clamping and installing inside the control assembly housing 100 through the clamping portion 160B. In addition, a fixing groove 160C matching the flexible PCB is transversely formed at the rear end of the support member 160, and the flexible PCB is embedded in the fixing groove 160C. The above structure is convenient for the installation and fixation of the flexible PCB. The magnetic sensor 130 is configured for surface mounting and is fixed on the flexible PCB, and then the flexible PCB is firmly connected to the sturdy support member 160 to ensure the precise positioning of the magnetic sensor 130 inside the non-contact control assembly. The flexible PCB can be firmly connected to the sturdy support member 160 through, for example, thermal stacking, adhesives, interlocking features, riveting or screws to ensure that the flexible PCB maintains a safe and accurate position inside the non-contact control assembly, thereby ensuring the consistent performance and reliability of the magnetic sensor 130 in its intended application. The magnetic component 120 and the magnetic shielding case 140 are installed together on the actuator 110. During the entire movement of the actuator 110, the magnetic component 120 maintains a constant position relative to the magnetic shielding case 140, so that the magnetic component 120 can always shield magnetic interference. At the same time, the magnetic sensor 130 is arranged at a specific distance from the magnetic component 120 for precise detection and is firmly fixed inside the control assembly housing 100. During the entire movement process, the magnetic shielding case 140 can effectively protect the magnetic sensor 130 to ensure that it is not affected by any external magnetic interference, thereby maintaining the accuracy of the magnetic sensor 130 reading and the actuator 110 function.

[0069] Connection port 170A is used to establish a power and signal connection with the motor control module. The control module is operably connected to the magnetic sensor 130 and is configured to control the electrical device to operate at at least one of a first speed or torque and a second speed or torque by respectively referring to the outputs of the magnetic sensor 130 indicating the sensed first magnetic field reading and the second magnetic field reading. Through the electrical connection with the control module, in addition to the non-contact magnetic sensing output determining the electrical device output and the electrical switch providing a power wake-up for the system, the on or off state of the electrical switch contacts or the non-contact switch device can also be used to determine whether the motor is allowed to start when it is turned off. When the external magnetic field exceeds the designed immunity level, this can provide an additional protection against false triggering of the motor. The electrical switch including the non-contact control component shown in this embodiment is a signal switch, which can establish a power and signal connection with the motor control module through the connection port 170A (including power input and signal output). In this embodiment, the connection port 170A and the motor control module establish a power and signal connection through a connecting wire. Of course, the connection port 170A and the motor control module can also establish a power and signal connection using a connector, etc. In other embodiments, the signal switch of the present application can be integrated with the motor control module to form an integrated switch, and the two share a single PCB board. The motor control module includes a motor control circuit that receives a variable voltage signal and, in response, outputs an electrical control module signal that drives the operation of the power module. The power module includes a plurality of MOSFETs connected to the corresponding input terminals of the stator windings of the brushless DC motor. By referring to the control module to sequentially activate each stator winding via the MOSFETs according to a controlled timing sequence, the permanent magnets of the rotor continuously follow the advancing magnetic field generated by the stator windings. The control module includes a microcontroller semiconductor that is configured to output a control module signal that drives the plurality of MOSFETs of the power module to energize their corresponding stator windings according to a predetermined timing sequence, so that the brushless DC motor operates in a predetermined manner (i.e., speed, direction, torque) corresponding to the movement of the actuator 110 indicated by the output of the magnetic sensor 130. The speed and torque of the brushless DC motor depend on the amount of power that can be provided to a given stator winding through its corresponding input MOSFET. In these embodiments, the amount of power provided to a given stator winding can be controllably changed by using pulse width modulation techniques, whereby the output of a timing signal generator (such as a "555" circuit) is used as the input to the MOSFET gates to appropriately achieve high-speed switching of the MOSFETs, and the resulting power is switched to the stator windings through the MOSFETs, thereby providing the required amount of speed and torque generated by the brushless DC motor. Therefore, the timing signal generator signal can be used as a control module signal for controlling the operation of the MOSFETs. In certain embodiments, the control module may also include a voltage regulation and protection circuit to regulate the input voltage from the DC power supply to each MOSFET.The sensor PCB 150A is operably connected to the control module PCB with a control module semiconductor mounted thereon through the main PCB 170. The main PCB 170 and the control module PCB can be welded together or integrated as one. The control module semiconductor and other electronic components disposed on the control module PCB are powered by the power supply of the electrical device, and may also include a battery module in this embodiment. As... Figure 16A As shown, the magnetic sensor 130 outputs an analog signal, which is powered by an external 3.3V DC power supply. The analog output signal is controlled by the magnetic element 120 and generates a signal output voltage. Depending on the operating voltage of the circuit and the device, the input voltage of the magnetic sensor 130 can be other voltages, such as 5.0V.

[0070] As Figures 9A - 9B 、 Figures 10A - 10B and Figures 11A - 11B FIGS. and show a second embodiment of the electrical switch of the present application including a non-contact control component. In this embodiment, the sensor PCB 150A is a rigid PCB. One end of the rigid PCB is connected to one end of the main PCB 170, and the other end of the rigid PCB is separated from the other end of the main PCB 170 to form a gap. The gap is configured for the side wall of the magnetic shielding case 140 to move through the gap, so that the magnetic sensor 130 enters the interior of the magnetic shielding case 140 through one of the opening surfaces of the magnetic shielding case 140 along with the rigid PCB and moves relative to the magnetic element 120 in the interior of the magnetic shielding case 140 toward the other opening surface of the magnetic shielding case 140. In this embodiment, one end of the rigid PCB is integrally connected to one end of the main PCB 170. It can be understood that in other embodiments, one end of the rigid PCB and one end of the main PCB 170 can also be connected by welding or other means. The control component housing 100 of this embodiment has a very compact size and can be assembled from the front-rear direction or the up-down direction. As Figures 10A - 10BThe shown magnetic shielding case 140 presents a hollow cube shape, and a plurality of protrusions 140A are arranged at its bottom. These protrusions 140A facilitate connecting the magnetic shielding case 140 to the actuator 110. Specifically, the actuator 110 is provided with grooves 110H at positions corresponding to the protrusions 140A, and a plurality of protrusions 140A are all embedded in the grooves 110H. Each protrusion 140A is provided with a locking hole 140B, and a locking block 110I engaged with the corresponding locking hole 140B is arranged in the groove 110H. The magnetic shielding case 140 is provided with a through hole 140C penetrating through its two sides, and this through hole 140C is designed such that a rigid PCB installed with a magnetic sensor 130 can be inserted. One end of the magnetic shielding case 140 is also provided with a mounting groove 140D for mounting a magnetic element 120, and the magnetic element 120 is embedded in the mounting groove 140D. In other embodiments, the top of the mounting groove 140D can communicate with the bottom of the through hole 140C, facilitating the magnetic sensor 130 to better sense the magnetic field reading at its location. The magnetic element 120 of this embodiment can adopt different shapes, which indicates that the outer shapes of the magnetic shielding case 140 and the magnetic element 120 may vary, but their operating principles remain unchanged.

[0071] As Figures 4B - 4C and Figure 16B FIG. shows a third embodiment of an electrical switch including a non-contact control component according to the present application. In this embodiment, the non-contact control component further includes a non-contact commutation mechanism for controlling the running direction of the motor, that is, the forward or reverse running mode. The non-contact commutation mechanism includes an optical sensor, as well as a shielding element 190 and a commutation member. The optical sensor is installed in the control component housing 100 and the shielding element 190 is installed on the commutation member. As Figure 16B shown, the optical sensor is connected to an open-drain circuit with an external pull-up resistor for outputting a signal. In this embodiment, as Figures 4B - 4CAs shown, the optical sensor includes a first optical sensor 180A, which is mounted on the main PCB 170, and the output of the first optical sensor 180A is connected to the "forward rotation" input pin of the control module semiconductor chip. Therefore, the control module is configured to change the direction of motor rotation by reversing the voltage on the stator windings - in effect, reversing the communication sequence, so that the motor changes its rotational direction according to its forward rotation or reverse rotation input pin activated by the output of the optical sensor during operation. In this embodiment, the commutation member includes a slider 200A, and a shielding element 190 is fixed to the top of the slider 200A. The slider 200A can linearly move along the control assembly housing 100, such as moving left and right along the control assembly housing 100. When the slider 200A moves to the right position, the shielding element 190 is configured to block the gap of the first optical sensor, so that the "forward rotation" input pin will be activated. On the contrary, when the slider 200A moves to the left position, the shielding element 190 is configured not to block the gap of the first optical sensor, so that the "forward rotation" input pin of the control module semiconductor chip will not be activated. In other embodiments, as Figures 9A - 9B As shown, the commutation member includes a rotator 200B, which can pivot around a pivot member. The shielding element 190 is fixed to the bottom of the rotator 200B, and the first optical sensor 180A is arranged on the circumference of the main PCB 170 centered on the pivot member. When the rotator 200B rotates to the right position, the shielding element 190 is configured to block the gap of the first optical sensor, so that the "forward rotation" input pin will be activated. On the contrary, when the rotator 200B rotates to the left position, the shielding element 190 is configured not to block the gap of the first optical sensor, so that the "forward rotation" input pin of the control module semiconductor chip will not be activated.

[0072] As Figures 13A - 13C and Figure 16C FIGS. show a fourth embodiment of an electrical switch including a non-contact control assembly according to the present application. In this embodiment, the optical sensor includes a first optical sensor 180A and a second optical sensor 180B. As Figure 16C shown, the optical sensor is connected to an open-drain circuit with an external pull-up resistor for outputting signals. The output of the first optical sensor 180A is connected to the "forward rotation" input pin of the control module semiconductor chip, while the output of the second optical sensor 180B is connected to the "reverse rotation" input pin of the control module semiconductor chip. Therefore, the control module is configured to change the direction of motor rotation by reversing the voltage on the stator windings - in effect, reversing the communication sequence, so that the motor changes its rotational direction according to its forward rotation or reverse rotation input pin activated by the output of the optical sensor during operation. As Figures 13B - 13CAs shown, the first optical sensor 180A and the second optical sensor 180B are mounted on the main PCB 170. In this embodiment, the commutation member includes a slider 200A, and the shielding element 190 is fixed to the top of the slider 200A. The slider 200A can linearly move along the control component housing 100, such as moving left and right along the control component housing 100. When the slider 200A moves to the right position, the shielding element 190 is configured to block the gap of the first optical sensor 180A, so that the "forward rotation" input pin will be activated. On the contrary, when the slider 200A moves to the left position, the shielding element 190 is configured to block the gap of the second optical sensor 180B, but not the gap of the first optical sensor 180A, so that the "forward rotation" input pin of the control module semiconductor chip will not be activated, while the "reverse rotation" input pin will be activated. In other embodiments, the commutation member includes a rotator that can pivot about a pivot member, the shielding element 190 is fixed to the bottom of the rotator, and the first optical sensor 180A and the second optical sensor 180B are arranged on the circumference of the main PCB 170 centered on the pivot member. When the rotator rotates to the right position, the shielding element 190 is configured to block the gap of the first optical sensor, so that the "forward rotation" input pin will be activated. On the contrary, when the rotator rotates to the left position, the shielding element 190 is configured to block the gap of the second optical sensor 180B, but not the gap of the first optical sensor 180A, so that the "forward rotation" input pin of the control module semiconductor chip will not be activated, while the "reverse rotation" input pin will be activated.

[0073] To verify the anti-external magnetic interference ability of the electrical switch of the present application, the applicant conducted a series of tests. These tests included applying magnetic fluxes of different intensities from zero to about 70 millitesla to the electrical switch. The applicant first conducted tests without the magnetic shielding case 140, and the results are as Figure 17 shown by the dashed line in, and it was observed that the output voltage of the switch increased from 50% of the maximum output voltage to approximately 75% of the maximum output voltage. Then, the applicant later conducted tests with the magnetic shielding case 140, and the results are as Figure 17 shown by the solid line in. Even under a magnetic interference of 70 millitesla, the output voltage of the switch could be stably maintained at 50% of the maximum output voltage, indicating that the external magnetic flux did not cause changes or errors to the output voltage. This confirmed that the electrical switch of the present application can effectively resist external magnetic interference, which is extremely beneficial for maintaining the stability of the operation of the power tool.

[0074] In addition, the baseline test first conducted by the applicant showed ( Figures 18A - 18C the output voltage display form is shown as a percentage of the maximum output voltage) that the output voltage change of the magnetic sensor 130 was almost linear without external magnetic interference, as Figure 18AAs shown, it gradually rises from near 0 volts to the highest value of the input voltage. Next, we conducted an external magnetic interference test on the electrical switch, using a magnet with a high magnetic flux (about 210 mT) as the interference source, and the test results are as Figure 18B shown. The combined results are as Figure 18C shown. The solid line represents the output voltage without external magnetic interference, while the dashed line shows the output voltage under external magnetic interference. The results show that even under external magnetic interference, the output voltage almost overlaps with the state without external magnetic interference, further demonstrating the remarkable effect of the electrical switch of this application in resisting external magnetic interference.

[0075] Advantageously, the embodiments of this application help to provide advantages over the prior art. By adopting the special magnetic shielding case 140, compared with the prior arts 1 - 4, the magnetic interference on the signal transmission between the magnetic element 120 and the magnetic sensor 130 can be effectively eliminated, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the device operation, and preventing the misoperation of the device caused by the sensed wrong signal transmission due to external magnetic interference. Secondly, the magnetic shielding case 140 can be directly installed inside the control component housing 100. Compared with the design of the prior art 1 placed outside the housing, it uses less magnetic shielding material and volume, thus reducing costs. Moreover, the magnetic shielding case 140 adopts a design with openings at both ends. Compared with the structure of the prior art 4 with one end closed, the manufacturing process of the magnetic shielding case 140 is relatively simplified and the manufacturing cost is lower. In addition, compared with the prior art 4, the embodiments of this application also have the advantages of being able to reduce the size of the control component and the volume and cost of the magnetic element.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will understand that, without departing from the scope of this application, the application described herein is susceptible to variations and modifications in addition to those specifically described. All such variations and modifications that become obvious to those skilled in the art should be considered to fall within the spirit and scope of this application as broadly described above. It should be understood that this application includes all such variations and modifications. This application also includes all the steps and features separately or jointly mentioned or indicated in the specification, as well as any and all combinations of any two or more of the steps or features.

[0077] Any reference to any prior art in this specification is not and should not be construed as an admission or any form of implication that such prior art constitutes a part of general common knowledge.

Claims

1. A non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment, characterized in that: The non-contact control component comprises: Control component housing; Magnetic sensor; Magnetic components; an actuator configured to move relative to the control assembly housing, wherein in response to movement of the actuator relative to the control assembly housing, the magnetic sensor and the magnetic element move relative to each other between at least one of a first position and a second position such that the magnetic sensor senses a first magnetic field reading when in the first position and senses a second magnetic field reading when in the second position; a connection port for establishing power and signal connections with a motor control module, the control module being operably connected to the magnetic sensor and configured to control the electrical device to operate at least one of a first speed or torque and a second speed or torque by referencing an output of the magnetic sensor indicative of sensed first and second magnetic field readings, respectively; and A magnetic shielding shell is operably connected to the actuator, the magnetic element is mounted to the actuator and is located inside the magnetic shielding shell, wherein the magnetic shielding shell includes a three-dimensional closed-loop structure with two open surfaces, and in response to the movement of the actuator relative to the control component housing, the magnetic sensor can enter the interior of the magnetic shielding shell through one of the open surfaces of the magnetic shielding shell and move inside the magnetic shielding shell relative to the magnetic element toward the other open surface of the magnetic shielding shell, so as to effectively eliminate the interference of the magnetic signal source outside the non-contact control component with the magnetic sensor's sensing of the first magnetic field reading and the second magnetic field reading generated by the magnetic element in response to the movement of the actuator.

2. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic sensor includes a linear Hall effect sensor or a magnetoresistive effect sensor.

3. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The contactless control assembly further includes a connection member configured to establish a telecommunication connection between the magnetic sensor and the control module.

4. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting member includes a sensor PCB to which the magnetic sensor is mounted, and the contactless control assembly further includes a main PCB operably connected to the sensor PCB.

5. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sensor PCB is a flexible PCB, one end of the flexible PCB is connected to one end of the main PCB, and the other end of the flexible PCB is separated from the other end of the main PCB to form a gap, and the gap is configured for the side wall of the magnetic shielding shell to move through the gap, so that the magnetic sensor enters the interior of the magnetic shielding shell along with the flexible PCB through one of the opening surfaces of the magnetic shielding shell and moves toward the other opening surface of the magnetic shielding shell relative to the magnetic element inside the magnetic shielding shell.

6. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The non-contact control assembly further comprises a supporting member for supporting the flexible PCB, wherein the supporting member is installed in the control assembly housing, and at least a portion of the supporting member is connected to the other end of the flexible PCB.

7. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sensor PCB is a rigid PCB, one end of which is connected to one end of the main PCB, and the other end of the rigid PCB is separated from the other end of the main PCB to form a gap, and the gap is configured for the side wall of the magnetic shielding shell to move through the gap, so that the magnetic sensor enters the interior of the magnetic shielding shell along with the rigid PCB through one of the opening surfaces of the magnetic shielding shell and moves toward the other opening surface of the magnetic shielding shell relative to the magnetic element inside the magnetic shielding shell.

8. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the rigid PCB is connected to one end of the main PCB as a whole.

9. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-contact control assembly is integrally formed in a contact-type electrical switch, the electrical switch includes at least one pair of electrical switch contacts, and the actuator includes a contact actuating member for closing or opening the electrical switch contacts.

10. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contactless control assembly is integrally formed in a contactless electrical switch including at least one contactless switching device configured to close or open in response to movement of the actuator relative to the control assembly housing.

11. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output of the magnetic sensor includes a variable voltage or a variable resistance or a digital output to indicate at least one of the sensed first magnetic field reading and the second magnetic field reading.

12. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating speed or torque of the electrical device includes the operating speed or torque of the motor of the electrical device.

13. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-contact control component also includes: Optical sensors; Shielding elements; a switching member configured to move relative to the control assembly housing, wherein in response to the movement of the switching member relative to the control assembly housing, when the switching member moves to different positions relative to the control assembly housing, the optical sensor is used to sense changes in light reception at different positions; The control module is operatively connected to the optical sensor and configured to control the electrical device to operate in any one of a forward operation mode and a reverse operation mode by referring to a change in light reception output by the optical sensor.

14. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that: The optical sensor includes a photointerrupter.

15. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that: The optical sensor is mounted within the control assembly housing and the shielding element is mounted to the switching member.

16. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that: The forward operation and reverse operation of the electrical device include the forward operation and reverse operation of the motor of the electrical device.

17. The non-contact control component for controlling the operation of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical device includes at least one of an electric tool and an electric gardening tool.

18. An electrical switch, characterized in that The electrical switch comprises a contactless control assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17.

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