Low-dielectric-constant temperature-resistant insulated cable for high-voltage motor of new energy automobile

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of insulating cables, and particularly discloses a low dielectric constant temperature-resistant insulating cable for a high-voltage motor of a new energy automobile, which comprises a metal lead and an insulating layer, the cross section of the metal lead is circular or flat square, the metal lead is made of copper wires, the insulating layer is arranged on the periphery of the metal lead, and the insulating layer is made of insulating material. The insulating layer is made of PEKK, the dielectric constant is 2.4-3.0, and the PEKK is of a coating structure, an extrusion structure or a film-coated structure; the cable has excellent high temperature resistance and insulation performance, and the cable which is more heat-resistant (glass transition temperature is 156-170 DEG C), lower in dielectric constant (2.6-3.0) and stronger in adhesive force than PEEK is manufactured through a process of co-extruding PEKK, PEK raw materials and modified raw materials thereof, copper wires and flat copper wires, so that the heat-resistant effect of the cable is guaranteed, and the cable is more environment-friendly. The hydrolysis resistance is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of insulating cables, and particularly relates to a low dielectric constant and temperature-resistant insulating cable for a high-voltage motor of a new energy vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Cables are a general term for items such as optical cables and electric cables. Cables have many uses, mainly for controlling installations, connecting devices, transmitting electricity, etc., and are a common and indispensable thing in daily life. Since electric cables are charged, installation needs to be particularly cautious. For example, the Chinese patent discloses a PEEK wire for a nuclear power generator, with the patent number 201120211592.3, which records: The PEEK wire for a nuclear power generator is characterized by including a copper round wire in the inner layer and a PEEK insulating layer with a thickness of 0.05 - 0.3 mm arranged outside the copper round wire.

[0003] Currently, high-temperature resistant insulating cables are divided into solvent-based high-temperature paint film insulating layers represented by polyimide (PI), and co-extruded insulating layers represented by silicone rubber, PEI, PPS, PEEK, fluoroplastics PTFE, PVDF, PFA, etc. However, the insulating layers of these two types of insulating cables currently (except for PEEK) have more or less shortcomings in aspects such as not being resistant to high temperatures, high VOC emissions, poor adhesion, and poor water resistance and dimensional stability. Although PEEK has outstanding comprehensive performance, in the field of new energy vehicle motors, the insulating layer material of the cable is required to have a low dielectric constant. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a low dielectric constant and temperature-resistant insulating cable for a high-voltage motor of a new energy vehicle to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A low dielectric constant and temperature-resistant insulating cable for a high-voltage motor of a new energy vehicle, comprising:

[0007] A metal wire and an insulating layer, the cross-section of the metal wire is circular or flat square, the material of the metal wire is copper wire, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer periphery of the metal wire, and the material of the insulating layer is one or more of PEKK with a dielectric constant of 2.4 - 3.0, PEEK, PES, PEI, PPS or PI, wherein the forms of PEKK, PES, PEI or PI are extrusion structures or coating structures, and the form of PEKK is an extrusion structure or a film-wrapped structure.

[0008] Preferably, the PEKK material has higher mechanical properties, with a tensile strength 10% higher and a compressive strength 20% higher. It has lower and persistently stable and controllable tribological properties under high-temperature and extreme working conditions. PEKK provides a higher glass transition temperature, ranging from 160°C to 170°C, which is 17°C to 22°C higher than that of PEEK.

[0009] Preferably, the crystallinity of PEKK is adjustable and can be divided into linear amorphous, low crystalline, and high crystalline types. Its crystallization rate is slower than that of PEEK. When compounded with metal wires, the interface can be fully wetted and the stress can be released sufficiently. The extrusion process has a wider processing temperature range, and resins with different crystallinities and different crystallization rates can be selected according to specific working conditions.

[0010] Preferably, the main chain of the PEKK molecule has two ketone bonds, making it have higher polarity. Therefore, its adhesion to metals is stronger than that of PEEK, and it is also easier to alloy with other low-dielectric materials, thus obtaining a temperature-resistant and weather-resistant insulating layer with a lower dielectric constant and dielectric loss.

[0011] Preferably, the dielectric constant of PEKK can reach as low as 2.6 among commonly used high-voltage-resistant insulating resins, and can reach 2.2 after alloying. While the dielectric constant of PEEK is 3.0 and that of PI is above 3.8.

[0012] In some embodiments, the metal wire is a copper wire, and multiple groups of pits are formed on the surface of the copper wire, with a size diameter ranging from 100 to 10000 nanometers.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0014] (1) It has excellent high-temperature resistance and insulation performance. Through polyether ketone ketone (PEKK), polyether ketone (PEK) raw materials and their modified raw materials, and through the co-extrusion process with copper wires and flat copper wires, a green and environmentally friendly high-performance 800V new energy vehicle cable with better heat resistance (glass transition temperature between 156°C and 170°C), lower dielectric constant, stronger adhesion than PEEK, and no solvent VOC emissions can be manufactured. Through the PEKK raw materials and their modified raw materials, the cable has higher mechanical properties, with a tensile strength 10% higher and a compressive strength 20% higher. It has lower and persistently stable and controllable tribological properties under high-temperature and extreme working conditions. At the same time, the PEKK material provides a higher glass transition temperature, ranging from 160°C to 170°C, which is 17°C to 22°C higher than that of PEEK, thus ensuring the heat resistance and hydrolysis resistance of the cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the pekk molecular formula of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the peek molecular formula of the present utility model.

[0018] In the figure: 11, metal wire; 12, insulating layer. Specific implementation manner

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1-3 As shown, a low dielectric constant and temperature-resistant insulating cable for a high-voltage motor of a new energy vehicle includes:

[0021] A metal wire and an insulating layer, the cross-section of the metal wire is circular or flat square, the material of the metal wire is copper wire, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer periphery of the metal wire, the material of the insulating layer is one or more of PEKK with a dielectric constant of 2.4 to 3.0, PEEK, PES, PEI, PPS or PI, wherein the form of PEKK, PES, PEI or PI is an extrusion structure or a coating structure, and the form of PEKK is an extrusion structure or a film wrapping structure. The metal wire is a copper wire, and multiple groups of pits are arranged on the surface of the copper wire, and the size of the pits is 100 to 10,000 nanometers in diameter.

[0022] Among them, PEKK materials and composite materials have higher mechanical properties, with a tensile strength 10% higher and a compressive strength 20% higher. They have lower and persistently stable and controllable tribological properties under high-temperature and extreme working conditions. At the same time, PEKK provides a higher glass transition temperature, which is 17°C to 22°C higher than PEEK, ranging from 160°C to 170°C. Moreover, the crystallinity of PEKK is adjustable and can be divided into linear amorphous, low crystalline, and high crystalline types. The crystallization rate is slower than that of PEEK. When compounded with metal wires, the interface can be fully infiltrated and the stress can be fully released. The extrusion process has a wider processing temperature range, and resins with different crystallinities and different crystallization rates can be selected according to specific working conditions. The main chain of the PEKK molecule has two ketone bonds, making it have higher polarity. Therefore, its adhesion to metals is stronger than that of PEEK, and it is also easier to alloy with other low-dielectric materials, thus obtaining a temperature-resistant and weather-resistant insulating layer with a lower dielectric constant and dielectric loss. The dielectric constant of PEKK can reach as low as 2.6 among commonly used high-voltage-resistant insulating resins, and can reach 2.2 after alloying, while that of PEEK is 3.0 and that of PI is above 3.8.

[0023] During the production process of copper wires, a plasma generator is used to bombard the surface of the copper wires in all directions, so that nanoscale pits with a size diameter of 100 nanometers to 10,000 nanometers are formed on the surface of the copper wires. In this way, when co-extruding, the molten polymer insulating layer or coating will penetrate into the pits and cavities, and form a mortise and tenon structure after curing, thereby increasing the adhesion of the copper wires.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] PEKK with a dielectric constant of 2.4 - 3.0 is used for single-layer co-extrusion coating of round copper wires or flat copper wires, and the insulating layer 12 is pure PEKK plastic.

[0026] Example 2:

[0027] PEKK with a dielectric constant of 2.4 - 3.0 and one or more of PES, PEI, PPS, and PEEK are used for single-layer co-extrusion alloying coating of round copper wires or flat copper wires, which belongs to the single-layer co-extrusion process. The first-layer metal wire 11 is a flat copper wire or a round copper wire, and the second layer is the insulating layer. By introducing other plastics and PEKK blend modifiers, the adhesion of the second-layer insulating layer 12 to copper is improved.

[0028] Example 3:

[0029] The morphology of PES, PEI or PI is that the extrusion structure serves as the bottom layer, and the PEKK with a dielectric constant of 2.4 - 3.0 serves as the surface layer, co-extrusion coating a round copper wire or a flat copper wire. The first layer is the metal wire 11, and the second layer is the resin of PES, PEI or PI. The morphology is that the three resins are separately extruded to coat the metal wire 11, or two resins are mixed or compounded in a certain proportion and then co-extruded to coat the metal wire 11, or the three resins are mixed or compounded in a certain proportion and then co-extruded to coat the metal wire 11. The third layer is a pure PEKK resin insulation layer, and the process is co-extrusion, coating on the second layer (the middle layer).

[0030] Example 4:

[0031] The morphology of PES, PEI or PI is that the coating structure serves as the bottom layer, and the PEKK with a dielectric constant of 2.7 - 2.8 is co-extrusion coated on a round copper wire or a flat copper wire. The first layer is the metal wire 11, and the second layer is the resin of PES, PEI or PI. The morphology is that the coating with the three resins as the film-forming substance coats the first layer, or the coating with two resins forming the film-forming substance in a certain proportion coats the first layer, or the coating with the three resins forming the film-forming substance in a certain proportion coats the first layer. The third layer is a pure PEKK resin insulation layer, and the process is co-extrusion, coating on the second layer.

[0032] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A low dielectric constant and temperature-resistant insulating cable for a high-voltage motor of a new energy vehicle, characterized in that, Including: A metal wire (11) and an insulating layer (12), wherein the cross-section of the metal wire (11) is circular or flat square, the material of the metal wire (11) is copper wire, an insulating layer (12) is provided on the outer periphery of the metal wire (11), the material of the insulating layer (12) is PEKK with a dielectric constant of 2.4 to 3.0, and the form of PEKK is a coating structure, an extrusion structure or a film wrapping structure.

2. The low-dielectric constant and temperature-resistant insulating cable for a high-voltage motor of a new energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal wire (11) is a copper wire, and a plurality of groups of pits are formed on the surface of the copper wire, and the size of the pits is 100 nanometers to 10,000 nanometers.

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