Anti-interference antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to an anti-interference antenna which comprises a reflection base, a central array element assembly and a peripheral array element assembly, the reflection base comprises a top surface and a side surface, the side surface is connected with the top surface and is of a horn structure extending downwards, the size of a second opening of the horn structure is larger than that of a first opening, the central array element assembly is arranged on the top surface, and the peripheral array element assembly is arranged on the top surface. The panel is arranged on the side; according to the anti-interference antenna provided by the invention, the central array element assembly and the peripheral array element assembly are respectively arranged on the top surface of the reflection base and the side surface of the horn structure, so that the central array element assembly and the peripheral array element assembly are not located on the same plane, and the problems of directional diagram distortion, poor out-of-roundness, low isolation and the like caused by relatively strong oscillator coupling are solved; meanwhile, compared with a flat plate structure, the shape of the reflecting base can reduce the area of the mounting surface of the central array element assembly, the antenna vertex radiation efficiency is improved, and the vertex gain sinking problem is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and particularly to an anti-jamming antenna. Background Art

[0002] The multi-frequency multi-array-element anti-jamming antenna is an advanced antenna technology. It can operate on multiple frequency bands and has anti-jamming capabilities, which is particularly important for modern communication systems. The design of this antenna usually involves complex electromagnetic principles and signal processing technologies to ensure good performance on multiple frequency bands and effectively suppress or eliminate interference signals.

[0003] However, the current multi-frequency multi-array-element anti-jamming antenna has a large array surface size, with problems such as vertex gain depression. Moreover, since all array surfaces are in the same plane, the coupling between elements is strong, resulting in problems such as pattern distortion, poor circularity, and low isolation. When the antenna is interfered in some low-elevation angle scenarios, it is prone to signal loss or error during satellite reception and positioning, thus failing to meet the usage requirements. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Based on this, in view of the above problems of vertex gain depression and strong coupling between elements, it is necessary to provide an anti-jamming antenna.

[0005] An anti-jamming antenna includes:

[0006] A reflection base, including a top surface and a side surface. The side surface is in a horn structure, and the horn structure has a first opening connected to the top surface and a second opening facing away from the top surface. The size of the second opening of the horn structure is larger than that of the first opening.

[0007] A central element assembly, arranged on the top surface;

[0008] A peripheral element assembly, arranged on the side surface.

[0009] In one embodiment, the angle between the side surface and the top surface is greater than 120° and less than 150°.

[0010] In one embodiment, the shape of the first opening of the horn structure is the same as that of the second opening of the horn structure.

[0011] In one embodiment, the shapes of both the first opening and the second opening of the horn structure are circular.

[0012] In one embodiment, the reflection base further includes a bottom surface, which is located on the side of the side surface away from the top surface and is parallel to the top surface.

[0013] In one embodiment, the shape of the second opening of the horn structure is circular. Along the direction parallel to the top surface, the inner contour of the cross-section of the bottom surface is circular, and the inner diameter of the bottom surface is consistent with the outer diameter of the second opening of the horn structure.

[0014] In one embodiment, the outer contour shape of the cross-section of the bottom surface parallel to the top surface is circular.

[0015] In one embodiment, the central array element assembly includes a middle element and a plurality of peripheral elements, and the plurality of peripheral elements are arranged around the middle element.

[0016] In one embodiment, a base platform is provided on the top surface of the reflection base, and the middle element is arranged on the base platform.

[0017] In one embodiment, the peripheral array element assembly includes a plurality of peripheral elements, and the plurality of peripheral elements are arranged around the middle element.

[0018] For the above anti-interference antenna, by separately arranging the central array element assembly and the peripheral array element assembly on the top surface of the reflection base and the side surface of the horn structure, the central array element assembly and the peripheral array element assembly are not in the same plane, so as to solve problems such as pattern distortion, poor circularity, and low isolation caused by strong element coupling. At the same time, compared with the flat plate structure, the shape of the reflection base can reduce the area of the installation surface of the central array element assembly, improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna apex, and improve the problem of apex gain depression. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-interference antenna according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-interference antenna according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 It is the antenna pattern of the anti-interference antenna of the present application when the middle element is at the S frequency point.

[0022] Figure 4 It is the antenna pattern of the existing anti-interference antenna when the middle element is at the S frequency point.

[0023] Figure 5 It is the antenna pattern of the anti-interference antenna of the present application when the middle element is at the B2b frequency point.

[0024] Figure 6 It is the antenna pattern of the existing anti-interference antenna when the middle element is at the B2b frequency point.

[0025] Figure 7The antenna pattern of the anti-interference antenna of the present application when the middle element is at the B3 frequency point.

[0026] Figure 8 The antenna pattern of the existing anti-interference antenna when the middle element is at the B3 frequency point.

[0027] Figure 9 The antenna pattern of the anti-interference antenna of the present application when the peripheral element is at the S frequency point.

[0028] Figure 10 The antenna pattern of the existing anti-interference antenna when the peripheral element is at the S frequency point.

[0029] Figure 11 The antenna pattern of the anti-interference antenna of the present application when the outer element is at the B2b frequency point.

[0030] Figure 12 The antenna pattern of the existing anti-interference antenna when the outer element is at the B2b frequency point.

[0031] Figure 13 The antenna pattern of the anti-interference antenna of the present application when the outer element is at the B3 frequency point.

[0032] Figure 14 The antenna pattern of the existing anti-interference antenna when the outer element is at the B3 frequency point.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Reflective base; 11. Top surface; 12. Side surface; 13. Bottom surface; 14. Base platform;

[0035] 2. Central element assembly; 21. Middle element; 22. Peripheral element;

[0036] 3. Outer element assembly; 31. Outer element. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the detailed implementation manners of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to fully understand the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0039] In addition, if terms such as "first" and "second" appear, these terms are only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0040] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if terms such as "mounted", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description such as a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature, the meaning may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0042] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation.

[0043] As a component used to transmit or receive radio waves, the antenna plays a crucial role in wireless communication systems and is an essential part of wireless communication systems. The multi-frequency multi-element anti-jamming antenna is an advanced antenna technology that can operate on multiple frequency bands and has anti-jamming capabilities at the same time, which is particularly important for modern communication systems. This antenna design usually involves complex electromagnetic principles and signal processing technologies to ensure good performance on multiple frequency bands and effectively suppress or eliminate interference signals.

[0044] In practical applications, the multi-frequency multi-element anti-jamming antenna can be used in various scenarios, including but not limited to military communication, aviation navigation, mobile communication base stations, navigation systems for vehicles and ships, etc. The design of these antennas needs to consider the electromagnetic interference in the actual working environment and how to effectively operate multiple frequency bands in a limited space. The multi-frequency multi-element anti-jamming antenna is an important research direction in modern communication technology, and its development is of great significance for improving the performance and reliability of communication systems. With the continuous progress of technology, the design and application of such antennas will be more diverse and efficient in the future.

[0045] However, the current multi-frequency multi-element anti-jamming antenna has a large array surface size, there is a problem of vertex gain depression, and since all array surfaces are in the same plane, the coupling between elements is strong, resulting in problems such as pattern distortion, poor circularity, and low isolation. When the antenna is interfered in some low elevation angle scenarios, it is prone to loss of lock or error code during satellite acquisition and positioning, and thus cannot meet the usage requirements. For example, most of the current 3-frequency 7-pin anti-jamming antennas in the industry adopt a planar array layout, that is, all elements are installed on the same horizontal plane. However, due to the longer wavelengths of the B2b and B3 elements, in order to achieve a 7-element layout, the antenna array surface size is large. Due to the guiding effect of the metal surface on the S frequency band, the gain at the zenith of the surrounding 6 S antennas is depressed. At the same time, since all array surfaces are in the same plane, the coupling between elements is strong, resulting in problems such as pattern distortion, poor circularity, and low isolation. Eventually, it affects the antenna to lose lock or have an error code during satellite acquisition and positioning under the interference of some low elevation angle scenarios and cannot meet the usage requirements.

[0046] Therefore, the present application provides an anti-interference antenna. By adopting a frustum-shaped mounting bottom surface to change the antenna mounting structure, it ingeniously solves problems such as pattern distortion, poor circularity, and low isolation caused by strong dipole coupling. At the same time, the frustum reduces the mounting surface in the S band, so that the pattern at the zenith of the dipoles around the S band is no longer sunken, and the Figure 1 directional consistency is improved, thereby solving the above problems.

[0047] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present application provides an anti-interference antenna, including a reflection base 1, a central element component 2, and a peripheral element component 3. Among them, the reflection base 1 provides a mounting position for the central element component 2 and the peripheral element component 3, so that the central element component 2 and the peripheral element component 3 can be combined through the reflection base 1.

[0048] Specifically, the reflection base 1 includes a top surface 11 and a side surface 12. The side surface 12 is connected to the top surface 11 and forms a downward-extending horn structure, and the second opening size of the horn structure is larger than the first opening size. The central element component 2 is arranged on the top surface 11, and the peripheral element component 3 is arranged on the side surface 12.

[0049] It can be understood that the reflection base 1 is integrally in the shape of a conical frustum or a pyramidal frustum. The reflection base 1 includes a top plate and a side plate. The top surface 11 is located on the top plate, and the side surface 12 is located on the side plate. The side plate forms a horn structure and has a first opening and a second opening, and the second opening size of the horn structure is larger than the first opening size. The top plate is connected to the side plate through the first opening. The central element component 2 is arranged on the top plate, and the peripheral element component 3 is arranged on the side plate.

[0050] In summary, for the anti-interference antenna of the present application, by arranging the central element component 2 and the peripheral element component 3 on the top surface 11 of the reflection base 1 and the side surface 12 in the shape of a horn structure respectively, the central element component 2 and the peripheral element component 3 are not in the same plane, so as to solve problems such as pattern distortion, poor circularity, and low isolation caused by strong dipole coupling. At the same time, compared with the flat plate structure, the shape of the reflection base 1 can reduce the area of the mounting surface of the central element component 2, improve the radiation efficiency at the vertex of the antenna, and improve the problem of vertex gain depression.

[0051] In one of the embodiments, the central element component 2 includes an intermediate dipole 21 and a plurality of peripheral dipoles 22. The plurality of peripheral dipoles 22 are arranged around the intermediate dipole 21. Specifically, the intermediate dipole 21 includes B2b, B3, or S frequency points and is arranged on the axis of the reflection base 1. The peripheral dipoles 22 include S frequency points, and the plurality of peripheral dipoles 22 are uniformly arranged on the top surface 11 of the reflection base 1 with the axis of the reflection base 1 as the axis.

[0052] It is understandable that the B2b, B3, and S frequency bands are all services provided by the Beidou-3 satellite navigation system. Among them, the center frequency of the B2b frequency band is 1207.140 MHz, which is the same as the E5b frequency band of the Galileo system. The B2b signal in the Beidou-3 system not only provides positioning, navigation, and timing services (RNSS), but also carries multiple services such as precise point positioning (PPP), global short message communication (GSMC), and international search and rescue (SAR). The space signal accuracy of the B2b signal is better than 0.5 meters, the global positioning accuracy is better than 10 meters, the speed measurement accuracy is better than 0.2 m / s, and the timing accuracy is better than 20 nanoseconds. In the Asia-Pacific region, the positioning accuracy is better than 5 meters, the speed measurement accuracy is better than 0.1 m / s, and the timing accuracy is better than 10 nanoseconds. In addition, the B2b signal is also used for PPP services, broadcast by the geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites of Beidou-3, providing open and free high-precision services to achieve real-time decimeter-level positioning accuracy. The center frequency of the B3 frequency band is 1268.520 MHz, which is an important frequency band in the Beidou-3 system, broadcast by all Beidou-3 satellites, including geostationary orbit satellites (GEO), medium Earth orbit satellites (MEO), and inclined geosynchronous orbit satellites (IGSO). The signal of the B3 frequency band is also used to provide RNSS services and has good anti-jamming performance. The S frequency band usually refers to the B2I frequency band in the Beidou-2 system, with a center frequency of 1207.140 MHz, the same as the B2b frequency band of Beidou-3, but the S frequency band mainly refers to the applications of the Beidou-2 system.

[0053] The multi-frequency band services of the Beidou-3 system make it highly competitive in the global satellite navigation system, capable of providing high-precision and highly reliable positioning, navigation, and timing services. The PPP service of the B2b frequency band in particular provides a new option for high-precision positioning, helping to promote the application of the Beidou system in various professional fields such as land surveying and mapping, ocean development, precision agriculture, and intelligent transportation. At the same time, the global short message communication service of the B2b signal also provides a communication means for users in areas without mobile communication network coverage.

[0054] In one embodiment, the peripheral element assembly 3 includes a plurality of peripheral dipoles. The plurality of peripheral dipoles are arranged around the middle dipole 21 as the axis on the side surface 12. Specifically, the peripheral dipoles include the B2b or B3 frequency band, and the plurality of peripheral dipoles are uniformly arranged on the side surface 12 of the reflection base 1 with the axis of the reflection base 1 as the axis.

[0055] More specifically, there is one intermediate element 21, and six peripheral elements 22 and six outer elements are provided, so that the anti-interference antenna of the present application can include BDS-B2b, BDS-B3, and BDS-S three-frequency anti-interference, and adopts a 7+7+7 layout, that is, each frequency point is composed of seven independent elements. The specific implementation method is that one element is at the center of the circle, which is the central element, and the remaining six elements are evenly distributed on the circle at a radius of half wavelength with the central element as the center of the circle at 60°, and the structure can resist interference signals from up to six directions at most.

[0056] The specific test results of the present application can be referred to Figures 3 - 14 , Figures 3 - 14 In which, the simulation performance of each element between the anti-interference antenna with a reflective base 1 in the shape of a frustum of a cone or a frustum of a pyramid and the existing anti-interference antenna with a reflective base 1 in the shape of a flat plate structure of the present application is compared. Among them, the gain at an elevation angle of 30 degrees, which is usually concerned, is selected. Since the relative positions of the peripheral elements with respect to the array disk and the intermediate element 21 are the same, only the pattern of one element of the peripheral element 22 is shown.

[0057] From Figures 3 - 14 it can be seen that compared with the existing anti-interference antenna with a reflective base 1 in the shape of a flat plate structure, the anti-interference antenna of the present application with a reflective base 1 in the shape of a frustum of a cone or a frustum of a pyramid can effectively solve problems such as pattern distortion, poor circularity, and low isolation caused by strong element coupling, and improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna vertex and the problem of vertex gain depression.

[0058] In one embodiment, the distance between the intermediate element 21 and the top surface 11 is greater than the distance between the peripheral element 22 and the top surface 11. Specifically, a base 14 is provided on the top surface 11 of the reflective base 1, and the intermediate element 21 is arranged on the base 14, so that the intermediate element 21 and the peripheral element 22 are located on different planes, reducing the diffraction of the surface current of the microstrip antenna, suppressing the surface wave and increasing the smoothness of the pattern, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna vertex and the problem of vertex gain depression.

[0059] In one embodiment, the angle between the side surface 12 and the top surface 11 is greater than 120° and less than 150°. The reflective base 1 within this angle range can effectively solve problems such as pattern distortion, poor circularity, and low isolation caused by strong element coupling, and at the same time effectively reduce the area of the installation surface of the central element assembly 2 and improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna vertex. Specifically, the angle between the side surface 12 and the top surface 11 is 145°.

[0060] In one embodiment, the shape of the first opening of the horn structure is the same as the shape of the second opening of the horn structure to reduce the production difficulty. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the shapes of the first opening and the second opening of the horn structure are both circular. The top surface 11 of the reflection base 1 is circular and is arranged inside the first opening of the horn structure, so that the reflection base 1 as a whole has a frustum of a cone shape. In another embodiment (not shown), the shapes of the first opening and the second opening of the horn structure are both polygonal. The top surface 11 of the reflection base 1 is polygonal and is arranged inside the first opening of the horn structure, so that the reflection base 1 as a whole has a frustum of a pyramid shape.

[0061] In one embodiment, the reflection base 1 further includes a bottom surface 13. The bottom surface 13 is located on the side of the side surface 12 away from the top surface 11, and the bottom surface 13 is parallel to the top surface 11. By providing the bottom surface 13, the contact area between the reflection base 1 and the object-bearing surface (such as the ground, a tabletop, or the surface of other supporting bodies) is increased, thereby facilitating the installation of the reflection base 1 on the object-bearing surface and improving the stability of the reflection base 1 on the object-bearing surface.

[0062] Wherein, to ensure the connection effect between the bottom surface 13 and the side surface 12, the shape of the inner contour of the cross-section of the bottom surface 13 in the direction parallel to the top surface 11 is the same as the shape of the second opening of the horn structure. It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the shape of the second opening of the horn structure is circular. In the direction parallel to the top surface 11, the inner contour of the cross-section of the bottom surface 13 is circular, and the inner diameter of the bottom surface 13 is the same as the outer diameter of the second opening of the horn structure, so that when the side surface 12 is connected to the bottom surface 13, it can be wrapped inside the bottom surface 13. In another embodiment (not shown), the shape of the second opening of the horn structure is polygonal. In the direction parallel to the top surface 11, the inner contour of the cross-section of the bottom surface 13 is polygonal, and the inner diameter of the bottom surface 13 is the same as the outer diameter of the second opening of the horn structure, so that when the side surface 12 is connected to the bottom surface 13, it can be wrapped inside the bottom surface 13.

[0063] In one embodiment, in the direction parallel to the top surface 11, the outer contour of the cross-section of the bottom surface 13 is the same as the inner contour of the cross-section of the bottom surface 13 to reduce the production difficulty. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, both the outer contour and the inner contour of the cross-section of the bottom surface 13 are circular. In another embodiment (not shown), both the outer contour and the inner contour of the cross-section of the bottom surface 13 are polygonal.

[0064] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered to be within the scope described in this specification.

[0065] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present application. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An anti-interference antenna, characterized in that, Comprising: A reflection base, including a top surface and a side surface, the side surface being in a horn structure, and the horn structure having a first opening connected to the top surface and a second opening facing away from the top surface, the size of the second opening of the horn structure being larger than that of the first opening; A central element component disposed on the top surface; A peripheral element component disposed on the side surface.

2. The anti-interference antenna according to claim 1, wherein The included angle between the side surface and the top surface is greater than 120° and less than 150°.

3. The anti-interference antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the first opening of the horn structure is the same as that of the second opening of the horn structure.

4. The anti-interference antenna according to claim 1, wherein The shapes of both the first opening and the second opening of the horn structure are circular.

5. The anti-interference antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflection base further includes a bottom surface, the bottom surface being located on the side of the side surface facing away from the top surface, and the bottom surface being parallel to the top surface.

6. The anti-interference antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shape of the second opening of the horn structure is circular. Along the direction parallel to the top surface, the inner contour of the cross-section of the bottom surface is circular, and the inner diameter of the bottom surface is the same as the outer diameter of the second opening of the horn structure.

7. The anti-interference antenna according to claim 6, wherein The outer contour shape of the cross-section of the bottom surface parallel to the top surface is circular.

8. The anti-interference antenna according to claim 1, wherein The central element component includes an intermediate element and a plurality of peripheral elements, and the plurality of peripheral elements are arranged around the intermediate element.

9. The anti-interference antenna according to claim 8, wherein, A base is provided on the top surface of the reflection base, and the intermediate element is disposed on the base.

10. The anti-interference antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The peripheral element component includes a plurality of peripheral elements, and the plurality of peripheral elements are arranged around the intermediate element.

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