Dielectric filter and communication base station
By introducing inclined negative coupling holes and three-sided opening slots into the dielectric filter, the problems of dielectric filter manufacturing difficulty and unstable performance are solved, and more efficient frequency selection and bandwidth control are achieved, and the performance stability and adaptability of the filter are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422283434.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-18
AI Technical Summary
In the design of negative coupling structures, existing dielectric filters have problems such as difficult manufacturing and unstable performance, especially due to the unstable filter performance caused by positive coupling between resonators.
By introducing inclined negative coupling holes and three-sided open slots through the dielectric body into the dielectric filter, the negative coupling strength is adjusted and positive coupling is suppressed, and the coupling effect is optimized to achieve accurate frequency selection and bandwidth control.
It improves the performance stability and frequency selectivity of dielectric filters, enhances out-of-band suppression capabilities, reduces manufacturing difficulty, and adapts to the rapid development needs of modern communication systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN223093093U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of communication base stations, in particular to a dielectric filter and a communication base station. Background Technique
[0002] Entering the 5G era, communication base stations generally adopt the Massive MIMO large-scale antenna array technology, resulting in a significant increase in the number of channel antennas. Each channel antenna needs to be equipped with a corresponding filter for signal frequency selection and processing, so the demand for filters has increased sharply. At the same time, the antenna active technology of 5G base stations promotes the development of base station filters towards miniaturization and integration. Compared with traditional metal filters, dielectric filters have the advantages of small size, light weight, and stable performance. These advantages make dielectric filters the preferred solution for base station filters in the 5G era.
[0003] The negative coupling structure in the dielectric filter plays an important role in filter design, adjusting and optimizing the filter performance by introducing specific coupling effects. The negative coupling structure can generate transmission zeros at specific frequencies of the filter, helping to improve the frequency selectivity and out-of-band rejection characteristics of the filter; the negative coupling structure can also affect the bandwidth and shape factor of the filter. By adjusting the strength of the negative coupling, precise control of the filter bandwidth can be achieved, and the shape factor of the filter can be optimized to meet the requirements of different application scenarios.
[0004] The negative coupling structure usually requires the introduction of additional components or structures (such as adjustment holes, demetalized notches, etc.) inside the filter, and the precise design and processing of these components increase the manufacturing difficulty of the filter. Moreover, in the existing dielectric filters with negative coupling structures, due to the positive coupling between resonators, the filter performance is unstable. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of an embodiment of the present application is to provide a dielectric filter, which adjusts the structure of the dielectric filter, adjusts the negative coupling while suppressing the positive coupling, realizes precise control of the coupling strength, and improves the performance stability of the dielectric filter.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:
[0007] An embodiment of the present application provides a dielectric filter, which includes a dielectric body. The dielectric body includes at least two resonators, and each resonator is provided with a debugging hole, and the debugging hole is a blind hole with one end open; a negative coupling hole is also provided on the dielectric body, and the negative coupling hole is a through hole penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric body, and the axis of the through hole forms an inclination angle α with the bottom surface of the dielectric body, and the inclination angle α satisfies 40° ≤ α ≤ 50°; an opening slot is provided between two resonators, and the opening slot is located at a position corresponding to the side surface of the negative coupling hole between two debugging holes; the opening slot is a three-sided opening slot penetrating the upper and lower surfaces and the side surface of the dielectric body.
[0008] As a further preferred solution, in the embodiment of the present application, the negative coupling hole is located between two debugging holes and communicates from the surface of the dielectric body to the bottom surface of the dielectric body, and an opening slot is provided on the dielectric body at least on one side of the negative coupling hole, and the opening slot is located at the middle position between two debugging holes.
[0009] As a further preferred solution, in the embodiment of the present application, the depth of the opening slot is H, and the width of the dielectric body is L. However, it is separated by the dielectric from the negative coupling hole.
[0010] As a further preferred solution, in the embodiment of the present application, an opening slot is provided on the dielectric body on both sides of the negative coupling hole, and the two opening slots are centrosymmetric about the central axis of the negative coupling hole.
[0011] As a further preferred solution, in the embodiment of the present application, the depths of the two opening slots are equal, both are H, the width of the dielectric body is L, and the diameter of the negative coupling hole is D; where and at the same time satisfy 2H + D < L.
[0012] As a further preferred solution, in the embodiment of the present application, a circular convex platform extends from the inner wall of the negative coupling hole to the central position, and the width of the convex platform is less than half of the radius of the negative coupling hole.
[0013] As a further preferred solution, in the embodiment of the present application, the following relationship is satisfied between the depth h of the debugging hole and the thickness l of the dielectric body:
[0014] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication base station, and the communication base station includes the dielectric filter described in the embodiment of the present application.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0016] 1. A negative coupling hole is provided on the dielectric body of the dielectric filter described in this application. The negative coupling hole penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric body, and a specific inclination angle α (40° ≤ α ≤ 50°) is formed between its axis and the bottom surface of the dielectric body. The inclined design can introduce an asymmetric coupling effect, that is, negative coupling, which helps to introduce more frequency selectivity and bandwidth control capabilities in the filter. The range of the inclination angle can improve the filtering effect while ensuring the stability of the filter.
[0017] 2. An opening groove is provided at the position corresponding to the side of the negative coupling hole between two debugging holes of the dielectric filter described in this application. The opening groove is a three-sided opening groove that penetrates the upper and lower surfaces and the side surface of the dielectric body, which can further enhance the coupling effect between resonators. Especially when used in combination with the negative coupling hole, it can generate a more complex and controllable coupling field, which helps to achieve a steeper filtering curve and a wider stopband suppression.
[0018] The following further elaborates on the present utility model in detail in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. Description of the Drawings
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for description in the embodiments. Obviously, the following-described drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dielectric filter described in Embodiment 1 of this application.
[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dielectric filter described in Embodiment 2 of this application.
[0022] Each reference numeral is: 10, dielectric body; 11, debugging hole; 12, negative coupling hole; 13, opening groove. Specific Embodiments
[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.
[0024] In this application, the term "including" and other descriptive methods equivalent thereto involved in the specification and claims are all intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, that is, it includes both the content clearly described in the specification and claims, and may also include steps or units that are inherent in the product, method or structure but not described in the specification and claims.
[0025] An embodiment of the present application provides a dielectric filter, including a dielectric body 10. The dielectric body includes at least two resonators, and each resonator is provided with a debugging hole 11. The debugging hole 11 is a blind hole with one end open; a negative coupling hole 12 is also provided on the dielectric body. The negative coupling hole 12 is a through hole penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric body 10, and the axis of the through hole forms an inclination angle α with the bottom surface of the dielectric body, and the inclination angle α satisfies 40° ≤ α ≤ 50°; in the present application, the design of the inclined through hole can introduce a negative coupling effect. In filter design, positive coupling is usually used to enhance the interaction between resonators, while negative coupling is used to offset part of the positive coupling effect, so as to achieve more refined frequency selection and bandwidth control. In the embodiment of the present application, by adjusting the depth, width and inclination angle α of the negative coupling hole, the intensity of the negative coupling can be precisely controlled, and then the frequency response characteristics of the filter can be optimized; and the introduction of the negative coupling hole can significantly improve the signal passing ability of the filter in the required frequency range and the signal suppression ability in other frequency ranges. By adjusting the intensity and phase of the negative coupling, the insertion loss of the filter at a specific frequency can be made smaller, and the suppression ability at other frequencies can be stronger, thereby improving the overall performance of the filter. In addition, the design of the negative coupling structure in the embodiment of the present application can enhance the flexibility of filter design. By adjusting parameters such as the size, position and inclination angle α of the negative coupling hole, the performance characteristics of the filter can be flexibly controlled to meet the requirements of different application scenarios. This flexibility makes the filter design more flexible and changeable, and can better adapt to the rapid development of modern communication systems. In a preferred embodiment, the inclination angle α is 45°. In the embodiment of the present application, further, an opening slot 13 is provided between the two resonators. The opening slot 13 is located at a position corresponding to the side of the negative coupling hole 12 between the two debugging holes 11; the opening slot 13 is a three-sided opening slot penetrating the upper and lower surfaces and the side surface of the dielectric body 10. Since the opening slot is a three-sided opening structure penetrating the upper and lower surfaces and the side surface of the dielectric body, it can provide an additional current or electromagnetic field path, and this path may interact with the original positive coupling path, thereby changing the overall coupling strength and phase relationship. In this way, the opening slot can weaken the direct influence of positive coupling on negative coupling to a certain extent, making the effect of negative coupling more significant and controllable. Further, in some embodiments, by adjusting the shape, size and position of the opening slot, the impedance matching between the resonators can be optimized, so that the insertion loss of the filter at a specific frequency is smaller. This optimization of impedance matching also helps to suppress the interference of positive coupling on negative coupling and improve the overall performance of the filter.
[0026] Embodiment 1
[0027] Such as Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a dielectric filter including a dielectric body 10. The dielectric body includes at least two resonators, and each resonator is provided with a debugging hole 11, and the debugging hole 11 is a blind hole with one end open; a negative coupling hole 12 is further provided on the dielectric body 10, and the negative coupling hole 12 is a through hole penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric body 10. The axis of the through hole forms an inclination angle α with the bottom surface of the dielectric body, and the inclination angle α satisfies 40°. The negative coupling hole 12 is located between two debugging holes and is communicated from the surface of the dielectric body 10 to the bottom surface of the dielectric body 10. An opening groove 13 is provided on the dielectric body at least on one side of the negative coupling hole 12, and the opening groove 13 is located at the middle position between two debugging holes 11. In this embodiment, the opening groove is located at the middle position between two debugging holes, which means that it directly affects the coupling path between the resonators. By adjusting the shape, size and position of the opening groove, the coupling path can be optimized, so that the electromagnetic field propagates more efficiently and orderly between the resonators, which helps to reduce unnecessary coupling interference and improve the performance stability of the filter. By combining the negative coupling hole and the opening groove, the frequency response characteristics of the filter can be further refined, so that the signals within the required frequency range can pass smoothly, while the signals in other frequency ranges are effectively suppressed. In addition, the design of the opening groove further reduces the weight of the dielectric filter, and at the same time can increase the surface area of the dielectric body and improve the heat radiation efficiency, thereby helping to reduce the temperature of the filter and extend the service life of the dielectric filter. In this embodiment, a deeper opening groove can enhance the complexity of the coupling path between the resonators, making the coupling effect more difficult to predict but also possibly more finely adjustable. However, an overly deep opening groove may also cause unnecessary radiation loss or interference. Therefore, in the actual design, the depth of the opening groove is H, and the width of the dielectric body is L, but is separated by the dielectric from the negative coupling hole.
[0028] Embodiment 2
[0029] As Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a dielectric filter including a dielectric body 10, the dielectric body 10 includes at least two resonators, and each resonator is provided with a debugging hole 11, and the debugging hole 11 is a blind hole with one end open; a negative coupling hole 12 is further provided on the dielectric body 10, and the negative coupling hole 12 is a through hole penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric body, and the axis of the through hole forms an inclination angle α with the bottom surface of the dielectric body 10, and the inclination angle α satisfies 50°. On the dielectric body 10 on both sides of the negative coupling hole 12, an opening slot 13 is provided, and the opening slot 13 is a three-sided opening slot penetrating the upper and lower surfaces and the side surface of the dielectric body. The two opening slots are centrosymmetric about the center of the axis of the negative coupling hole. As a further preferred solution, on the basis of Embodiment 2, the depths of the two opening slots are equal, both are H, the width of the dielectric body is L, and the diameter of the negative coupling hole is D; among them and at the same time satisfy 2H + D < L. The depth of the opening slot satisfies The shallower opening slot is easier to control, avoiding the radiation loss or unnecessary interference caused by the too deep opening slot. The diameter of the negative coupling hole is D, and the relationship between the depth H of the opening slot and the thickness L of the dielectric body is 2H + D < L. This condition ensures that there is enough space between the negative coupling hole and the opening slot within the width range of the dielectric body, avoiding the complex coupling effect that may be caused by their direct interaction; at the same time, this layout allows the negative coupling hole and the opening slot to play their roles independently, and optimize the performance of the filter through their interaction.
[0030] Furthermore, on the basis of the above Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, as a more preferred solution, in some embodiments, a ring-shaped boss extends from the inner wall of the negative coupling hole to the central position, and the width of the boss is less than half of the radius of the negative coupling hole. In this solution, by adjusting the size (such as width, height) and shape of the boss, the strength of the negative coupling can be precisely controlled. Since the width of the boss is less than half of the radius of the negative coupling hole, it will not overly interfere with the main function of the negative coupling hole, but is sufficient to have a significant impact on the coupling effect. Since the boss finely regulates the electromagnetic field around the negative coupling hole, the performance drift caused by uneven or fluctuating electromagnetic field distribution can be reduced. In addition, the boss, as a part of the filter structure, also enhances the overall mechanical stability of the filter.
[0031] Further preferably, on the basis of the above Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 2, as a further preferred solution, the relationship between the depth h of the debugging hole and the thickness l of the dielectric body in the embodiment of the present application satisfies the following relationship: The depth of the debugging hole not only affects the coupling strength, but may also affect the overall performance stability of the filter. An overly shallow debugging hole may make the coupling effect less obvious, resulting in unstable filter performance; while an overly deep debugging hole may introduce excessive coupling interference, also affecting the performance of the filter. Therefore, setting h within to helps to ensure the performance stability of the filter while maintaining sufficient coupling strength. The depth of the debugging hole can also reduce the overall size of the filter. By reasonably setting the depth range of the debugging hole, the overall size can be optimized on the premise of ensuring the filter performance. A smaller filter size helps to reduce material costs, improve integration and portability.
[0032] The embodiment of the present application also provides a communication base station, which includes the dielectric filter described in the embodiment of the present application.
[0033] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantive changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention belong to the scope of protection required by the present invention.
Claims
1. A dielectric filter, comprising a dielectric body, the dielectric body including at least two resonators, characterized in that, Each of the resonators is provided with a debugging hole, and the debugging hole is a blind hole with one end open; the dielectric body is further provided with a negative coupling hole, and the negative coupling hole is a through hole penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric body. The axis of the through hole forms an inclination angle α with the bottom surface of the dielectric body, and the inclination angle α satisfies 40° ≤ α ≤ 50°; an opening groove is provided between the two resonators, and the opening groove is located at a position corresponding to the side surface of the negative coupling hole between the two debugging holes; the opening groove is a three-sided opening groove penetrating the upper and lower surfaces and the side surface of the dielectric body.
2. The dielectric filter according to claim 1, wherein: The negative coupling hole is located between the two debugging holes and communicates from the surface of the dielectric body to the bottom surface of the dielectric body. An opening groove is provided on the dielectric body at least on one side of the negative coupling hole, and the opening groove is located at the middle position between the two debugging holes.
3. The dielectric filter according to claim 2, wherein The depth of the opening groove is H, and the width of the dielectric body is L. However, it is separated from the negative coupling hole by the dielectric.
4. The dielectric filter according to claim 1, wherein An opening groove is provided on the dielectric body on both sides of the negative coupling hole, and the two opening grooves are centrosymmetric about the central axis of the negative coupling hole.
5. The dielectric filter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The depths of the two opening grooves are equal, both being H, the width of the dielectric body is L, and the diameter of the negative coupling hole is D; among which and simultaneously satisfy 2H + D < L.
6. The dielectric filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, A ring-shaped boss extends from the inner wall of the negative coupling hole towards the central position, and the width of the boss is less than half of the radius of the negative coupling hole.
7. The dielectric filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth h of the debugging hole and the thickness l of the dielectric body satisfy the following relationship:
8. A communication base station, characterized in that, It includes the dielectric filter according to any one of claims 1-7.