Normal-pressure storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen

Abstract

The utility model provides a normal-pressure storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen. The normal-pressure storage tank comprises an inner tank made of metal and used for containing a low-temperature liquid hydrogen medium, an outer tank located outside the inner tank and made of metal, a heat insulation interlayer located in an interlayer between the inner tank and the outer tank and playing a heat insulation role, and a cold shield arranged in the heat insulation interlayer. The cold shield comprises a cold shield coil pipe which is made of a metal material and is coiled in the heat insulation interlayer, the inlet end of the cold shield coil pipe is connected with a boil-off gas outlet of the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank, and the outlet end of the cold shield coil pipe penetrates through the outer tank, extends out of the outer tank and is connected with a boil-off gas recovery device. The cold shield medium entering the cold shield is liquid hydrogen evaporated gas in the inner tank, the defect of high daily evaporation rate of a liquid hydrogen low-temperature normal-pressure storage technology can be overcome without introducing an external cold source, and the operation cost of the normal-pressure storage tank is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of atmospheric storage tanks, and particularly relates to an atmospheric storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen. Background Technique

[0002] As one of the efficient clean energies, hydrogen energy is increasingly favored. As one of the most critical technologies in the hydrogen energy industry chain, how to effectively store it is an urgent task for engineering technicians. There are four alternative storage methods for hydrogen energy, namely gaseous storage, liquid storage, metal hydride storage, and microsphere storage. Among them, liquid storage has become the most promising storage method due to its advantages such as high energy density per unit volume and light weight.

[0003] Currently, most domestic and foreign liquid hydrogen storage technologies adopt pressurized storage. The storage tank forms include vacuum storage tanks and double-layer spherical tanks. However, the volume of the pressurized storage method is limited. The largest double-layer spherical tank with a volume of 4732 m 3 is located at the Kennedy Space Center in the United States. If large-scale storage is required, low-temperature atmospheric storage technology must be developed.

[0004] CN202210451556.7 discloses an atmospheric storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen, which includes an outer tank, a metal inner tank, a thin-film inner tank, a cold shield layer, tank-top thermal insulation cotton, foam glass bricks at the tank bottom, perlite layer in the annulus space, an elastic felt layer, a concrete load-bearing platform, a hydrogen inlet pipeline, a hydrogen discharge pipeline, a safety vent pipeline, a liquid hydrogen submersible pump, a pump tower structure, and an aluminum alloy ceiling. The cold shield layer surrounds the metal inner tank and is made of one of the materials of stainless steel pipes and aluminum alloy pipes. A low-temperature medium such as liquid nitrogen or liquefied natural gas flows through the pipeline, and the external input heat is taken away by the cold shield to reduce the evaporation of liquid hydrogen. However, the cold shield medium (liquid nitrogen, liquefied natural gas) of the aforementioned disclosed patent needs to be introduced from the outside, and an additional cold source is required, which increases the operating cost of the storage tank. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The utility model aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, and the purpose of the utility model is to provide an atmospheric storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an atmospheric storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen, which includes an inner tank made of metal for containing low-temperature liquid hydrogen medium, an outer tank made of metal located outside the inner tank, an adiabatic interlayer for heat insulation in the interlayer between the inner tank and the outer tank, and a cold shield arranged in the adiabatic interlayer; the cold shield includes a cold shield coil made of metal material and wound in the adiabatic interlayer. The inlet end of the cold shield coil is connected to the evaporation gas outlet of the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank, and the outlet end of the cold shield coil passes through the outer tank and extends outside the outer tank to be connected to an evaporation gas recovery device.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the cryogenic evaporation gas of liquid hydrogen is connected to the cold shield coil through the evaporation gas outlet of the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank. After flowing through the arch top interlayer, the cylinder interlayer, and the bottom interlayer, it is connected to the evaporation gas recovery device through the outer tank, forming a complete closed cold shield. The cold shield medium entering the cold shield is the evaporation gas of liquid hydrogen in the inner tank. Without introducing external cold sources, the disadvantage of the relatively high daily evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen cryogenic atmospheric storage technology can be solved, and the operation cost of the atmospheric storage tank can be reduced.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the inner tank includes an inner bottom plate located at the bottom, a circular inner cylinder fixedly connected to the inner bottom plate in the circumferential direction, and an inner arch top located at the top fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner cylinder in the circumferential direction; and / or the outer tank includes an outer bottom plate located at the bottom, a circular outer cylinder fixedly connected to the outer bottom plate in the circumferential direction, and an outer arch top located at the top fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer cylinder in the circumferential direction; and / or the inner tank is made of austenitic stainless steel material, the outer tank is made of non-alloy steel or low-alloy steel or austenitic stainless steel material, and the cold shield coil is bent from seamless stainless steel pipes.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the inner arch top adopts an arch top structure with ribs or reinforcing beams. The welds between the top plates of the inner arch top, between the bearing rings, and between the top plate and the bearing ring are connected by butt welding, and the rib plates or reinforcing beams of the inner arch top are connected to the top plate by fillet welding; and / or the inner cylinder adopts a structure with unequal wall thicknesses that gradually increase from bottom to top, and inner cylinder reinforcing ribs are provided on the inner wall of the inner cylinder; and / or the inner bottom plate adopts a pressure-bearing structure composed of a circular edge plate and a middle web plate, and all welds are connected by butt welding.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the outer arch top adopts an arch top structure with ribs or reinforcing beams. The top plates of the outer arch top are connected by lap welding, and the top plate of the outer arch top is connected to the rib plates or reinforcing beams by fillet welding; and / or the outer cylinder adopts a structure with unequal wall thicknesses that gradually increase from bottom to top, and outer cylinder reinforcing ribs are provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder; and / or the outer bottom plate adopts a pressure-bearing structure composed of a circular edge plate and a middle web plate. The welds between the edge plates are connected by butt welding, and the welds between the middle web plates and between the middle web plate and the edge plate are connected by lap welding.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the outer tank is fixedly installed on an elevated platform. A plurality of sets of inner anchor belts are circumferentially and spacedly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder. The lower ends of the inner anchor belts pass through the bottom of the heat insulation interlayer and the bottom of the outer tank and are anchored to the elevated platform; and / or a plurality of sets of outer anchor belts are circumferentially and spacedly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder, and the lower ends of the outer anchor belts are anchored to the elevated platform.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the adiabatic interlayer includes a top adiabatic interlayer fixed between the top of the inner tank and the top of the outer tank, a cylindrical adiabatic interlayer fixed between the cylindrical body of the inner tank and the cylindrical body of the outer tank, and a bottom adiabatic interlayer fixed between the bottom of the inner tank and the bottom of the outer tank; and / or a slightly positive-pressure dry helium gas is filled in the interlayer between the inner tank and the outer tank.

[0013] In another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the filling material of the top adiabatic interlayer is perlite, the cylindrical adiabatic interlayer is a combined structure of perlite and elastic felt, the bottom adiabatic interlayer uses lightweight foam glass or high-density polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride as the adiabatic material, and a compressive ring beam made of perlite concrete blocks is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the inner cylindrical body.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the cold shield coil includes a top interlayer coil fixed in the adiabatic interlayer between the top of the inner tank and the top of the outer tank, a cylindrical interlayer coil fixed in the adiabatic interlayer between the cylindrical body of the inner tank and the cylindrical body of the outer tank, and a bottom interlayer coil fixed in the adiabatic interlayer between the bottom of the inner tank and the bottom of the outer tank. The inlet end of the top interlayer coil is connected to the evaporation gas outlet of the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank, the outlet end of the top interlayer coil is connected to the inlet end of the cylindrical interlayer coil, the outlet end of the cylindrical interlayer coil is connected to the inlet end of the bottom interlayer coil, and the outlet end of the bottom interlayer coil passes through the outer tank and extends to the outside of the outer tank and is connected to the evaporation gas recovery device.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the top interlayer coil is supported above the inner tank vault by a bracket fixedly connected to the top of the inner tank, the cylindrical interlayer coil is supported inside the outer tank cylinder by a bracket fixedly connected to the outer tank cylinder, and the bottom interlayer coil is laid in the adiabatic interlayer between the bottom of the inner tank and the bottom of the outer tank.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the cold shield includes a plurality of cold shield coils distributed circumferentially, each cold shield coil is an independent cold shield sub-unit, and a plurality of evaporation gas outlets corresponding to the inlet ends of the plurality of cold shield coils one by one are provided in the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the relatively superior technical solution of the present utility model are as follows:

[0018] 1) The present utility model makes full use of the low-temperature evaporation gas of the storage tank as the cold shield medium. While ensuring the smooth recovery of the evaporation gas, it fully utilizes its cold source without the need to introduce an external cold source, thereby improving the evaporation rate index of the storage tank and reducing the operation cost of the storage tank.

[0019] 2) Both the inner tank and the outer tank of the present utility model are made of metal, and adopt the low-temperature atmospheric storage technology of double-dome structure single-containment tank, double-containment tank, and full-containment tank, which can meet the requirements of large-scale storage.

[0020] 3) All the welds of the arch roof plate and the bottom plate of the inner tank of the present utility model adopt butt welding connections, thereby improving the reliability of the inner tank and even the entire storage tank system.

[0021] 4) The present utility model is an atmospheric storage tank with a relatively low pressure of liquid hydrogen evaporation gas. The cold shield is arranged as a plurality of independent cold shield sub-units distributed circumferentially to reduce the pipe resistance of the evaporation gas pipeline and ensure that the evaporation gas smoothly enters the evaporation gas recovery device.

[0022] The additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will be partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present utility model. Description of the Drawings

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 is the front sectional structure schematic diagram of the atmospheric storage tank of the embodiment.

[0025] Figure 2 is the axonometric drawing after hiding the outer tank and part of the adiabatic interlayer of the atmospheric storage tank.

[0026] Figure 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the inner tank in the embodiment.

[0027] Figure 4 is the structure schematic diagram of the outer tank in the embodiment.

[0028] Figure 5 is the structure schematic diagram of the adiabatic interlayer in the embodiment.

[0029] Figure 6 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the cold shield in the embodiment.

[0030] Figure 7 is the structure schematic diagram of the cold shield sub-unit in the embodiment.

[0031] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: inner tank 1, inner arch roof 11, inner cylinder 12, inner cylinder stiffener 13, inner bottom plate 14, inner anchor belt 15, outer tank 2, outer arch roof 21, outer cylinder 22, outer cylinder stiffener 23, outer bottom plate 24, outer anchor belt 25, adiabatic interlayer 3, top adiabatic interlayer 31, cylinder adiabatic interlayer 32, bottom adiabatic interlayer 33, compressive ring beam 331, cold shield 4, top interlayer coil 41, cylinder interlayer coil 42, bottom interlayer coil 43, inlet end 44 of the cold shield coil, outlet end 45 of the cold shield coil, elevated caisson 5, evaporation gas outlet 6, support 7. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0032] Embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0033] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0034] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified and defined, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the communication inside two elements. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] The present utility model provides an atmospheric pressure storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown. In a preferred embodiment, the atmospheric pressure storage tank includes an inner tank 1 made of metal for containing a cryogenic liquid hydrogen medium, an outer tank 2 made of metal located outside the inner tank 1, an adiabatic interlayer 3 for adiabatic effect located in the interlayer between the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2, and a cold shield 4 provided in the adiabatic interlayer 3. The atmospheric pressure storage tank is fixedly installed on an elevated platform 5 through the outer tank 2. The cold shield 4 includes a cold shield coil made of a metal material and wound in the adiabatic interlayer 3. The inlet end 44 of the cold shield coil is connected to the evaporation gas outlet 6 of the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank 1. The outlet end 45 of the cold shield coil passes through the outer tank 2 and extends outside the outer tank 2 and is connected to an evaporation gas recovery device. The outlet end 45 of the cold shield coil is provided at the bottom or the top of the outer tank 2. Preferably, the cold shield coil is bent from a stainless steel seamless steel pipe to reduce leakage points. The specific winding method of the cold shield coil can adopt the existing technology, such as serpentine winding, meander winding, bow winding, spiral winding, etc.

[0036] The cryogenic boil-off gas (≥ -253°C) of the present utility model is introduced from the vapor outlet 6 in the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank 1 into the cold screen coil of the cold screen 4, flows through the arch top interlayer, the cylinder interlayer, and the bottom interlayer, and then is introduced into the boil-off gas recovery device from the bottom or the top of the outer tank 2, forming a complete closed cold screen 4 system. By setting the cold screen 4, most of the heat entering the interlayer from the outside can be absorbed, so as to ensure a relatively low evaporation rate index of the storage tank.

[0037] As Figure 3 shown, in the present utility model, the inner tank 1 includes an inner bottom plate 14 at the bottom, an annular inner cylinder 12 circumferentially fixed to the inner bottom plate 14, and an inner arch top 11 at the top circumferentially fixed to the upper end of the inner cylinder 12. Since the inner tank 1 is used to contain the cryogenic liquid hydrogen medium, the inner tank 1 is made of austenitic stainless steel material capable of withstanding low-temperature media.

[0038] Preferably, the inner arch top 11 of the inner tank 1 adopts an arch top structure with ribs or reinforcing beams. The welds between the top plates of the inner arch top 11, between the bearing rings, and between the top plates and the bearing rings are connected by butt welding. The rib plates or reinforcing beams of the inner arch top 11 are connected to the top plates by fillet welding. The inner cylinder 12 adopts a structure with unequal wall thicknesses that gradually increase from bottom to top. Inner cylinder stiffeners 13 are provided on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 12 to ensure the external pressure stability of the structure. The inner bottom plate 14 adopts a pressure-bearing structure composed of an annular edge plate and a middle web plate, and all welds are connected by butt welding. All welded joints of the inner tank 1 are subjected to 100% non-destructive testing, thereby improving the reliability of the inner tank 1 and even the entire storage tank system.

[0039] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, further preferably, a plurality of sets of internal anchor straps 15 are circumferentially and spacedly fixed (such as welded) on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 12. The internal anchor straps 15 are also made of austenitic stainless steel material. The lower ends of the internal anchor straps 15 pass through the bottom of the insulation interlayer 3 and the bottom of the outer tank 2 and are anchored to the elevated bearing platform 5 to prevent the inner tank 1 from deforming or tilting under the action of gas phase pressure or seismic load. The specific anchoring connection method is the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0040] As Figure 4 shown, the outer tank 2 includes an outer bottom plate 24 at the bottom, an annular outer cylinder 22 circumferentially fixed to the outer bottom plate 24, and an outer arch top 21 at the top circumferentially fixed to the upper end of the outer cylinder 22. For single-containment tanks and double-containment tanks, the outer tank 2 is made of non-alloy steel or low-alloy steel materials and is mainly used to cover the insulation interlayer 3. For full-containment tanks, the outer tank 2 is made of austenitic stainless steel material capable of withstanding low-temperature media. Under normal operating conditions, it is used to cover the insulation interlayer 3, but in the case of leakage of the inner tank 1, it can be used to contain the leaked cryogenic liquid and its boil-off gas.

[0041] Preferably, the outer arch roof 21 of the outer tank 2 adopts an arch roof structure with ribs or reinforcing beams. The top plates of the outer arch roof 21 are connected by butt welding, and the top plates of the outer arch roof 21 are connected to the rib plates or reinforcing beams by fillet welding; the outer cylinder 22 adopts a structure with unequal wall thicknesses that gradually increase from bottom to top. Outer cylinder stiffeners 23 are also provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 22 to ensure the external pressure stability of the structure; the outer bottom plate 24 adopts a pressure-bearing structure composed of an annular edge plate and a middle web plate. The welds between the edge plates are connected by butt welding, and the welds between the middle web plates and between the middle web plates and the edge plates are connected by butt welding.

[0042] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, further preferably, a plurality of sets of outer anchor belts 25 are fixedly connected at circumferential intervals on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 22. The outer anchor belts 25 are made of non-alloy steel or low-alloy steel or stainless steel materials. The lower ends of the outer anchor belts 25 are fixedly connected to the elevated bearing platform 5 to prevent the outer tank 2 from deforming or tilting under the action of gas pressure, wind load or seismic load.

[0043] The atmospheric storage tank of the present utility model is a vertical, cylindrical, flat-bottomed tank. In addition to adopting the double-arch roof structure of the aforementioned inner arch roof 11 and outer arch roof 21, the arch roof of this atmospheric storage tank can also adopt an atmospheric storage structure such as a triple-arch roof in the prior art.

[0044] As Figure 5 shown, in the present utility model, the heat insulation interlayer 3 includes a top heat insulation interlayer 31 fixedly arranged between the top of the inner tank 1 and the top of the outer tank 2, a cylindrical heat insulation interlayer 32 fixedly arranged between the cylinder of the inner tank 1 and the cylinder of the outer tank 2, and a bottom heat insulation interlayer 33 fixedly arranged between the bottom of the inner tank 1 and the bottom of the outer tank 2. Preferably, slightly positive-pressure dry helium gas is filled in the interlayer between the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2 to prevent the material of the heat insulation interlayer 3 from getting damp, so as to ensure good heat insulation characteristics of the storage tank under normal working conditions.

[0045] Preferably, the filling material of the top heat insulation interlayer 31 is perlite to ensure good heat insulation performance at the top of the inner tank 1 and reduce the influence of heat leakage at the top of the inner tank 1 on the evaporation rate of the storage tank. The cylindrical heat insulation interlayer 32 is a combined structure of perlite and elastic felt. In addition to having a certain heat insulation effect, the elastic felt is mainly used to buffer the lateral pressure of the perlite, and the perlite is used to isolate the heat transfer in the diameter direction of the inner cylinder 12. This combined structure reduces the lateral pressure of the perlite on the tank wall of the inner tank 1 after being compacted due to temperature alternation in a large-diameter storage tank on the basis of ensuring heat insulation performance, and ensures the stability of the inner tank 1 under various working conditions.

[0046] Preferably, the bottom heat insulation layer 33 uses lightweight foam glass, high-density polyurethane, or polyvinyl chloride as the heat insulation material. A compressive ring beam 331 made of perlite concrete blocks is fixedly provided at the lower part of the inner cylinder 12 to enhance the pressure-bearing capacity. The bottom heat insulation layer 33 serves as the support structure for the inner tank 1 and the medium in the inner tank. On the basis of meeting the pressure-bearing capacity, it minimizes the heat leakage and ensures the overall heat insulation performance.

[0047] It should be noted that the material of the heat insulation layer 3 can also be aerogel, heat insulation board, spray cold insulation material, etc.

[0048] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 shown, in the present utility model, the cold shield coil includes a top sandwich coil 41 fixed in the heat insulation layer (i.e., the top heat insulation layer 31) between the top of the inner tank 1 and the top of the outer tank 2, a cylinder sandwich coil 42 fixed in the heat insulation layer (i.e., the cylinder heat insulation layer 32) between the cylinder of the inner tank 1 and the cylinder of the outer tank 2, and a bottom sandwich coil 43 fixed in the heat insulation layer (i.e., the bottom heat insulation layer 33) between the bottom of the inner tank 1 and the bottom of the outer tank 2. The inlet end of the top sandwich coil 41 is connected to the evaporation gas outlet 6 of the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank 1. The outlet end of the top sandwich coil 41 is connected to the inlet end of the cylinder sandwich coil 42. The outlet end of the cylinder sandwich coil 42 is connected to the inlet end of the bottom sandwich coil 43. The outlet end of the bottom sandwich coil 43 passes through the outer tank 2 and extends to the outside of the outer tank 2 and is connected to the evaporation gas recovery device.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, among them, the top sandwich coil 41 is supported above the arch top of the inner tank 1 by a bracket 7 fixedly connected to the top of the inner tank 1. The cylinder sandwich coil 42 is supported inside the cylinder of the outer tank 2 by a bracket 7 fixedly connected to the cylinder of the outer tank 2. The bottom sandwich coil 43 can be directly laid in the heat insulation layer 3 between the bottom of the inner tank 1 and the bottom of the outer tank 2.

[0050] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, in another preferred embodiment, the cold shield 4 includes a plurality of cold shield coils distributed circumferentially. Each cold shield coil includes the aforementioned top sandwich coil 41, cylinder sandwich coil 42, and bottom sandwich coil 43; each cold shield coil is an independent cold shield sub-unit (i.e., having an independent inlet end and outlet end). A plurality of evaporation gas outlets 6 corresponding one-to-one to the inlet ends 44 of the plurality of cold shield coils are provided in the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank 1. Figure 6 Shown is the setting of two independent cold shield sub-units. Correspondingly, as Figure 1 shown, two evaporation gas outlets 6 are provided at the top of the inner tank 1.

[0051] Since the utility model is an atmospheric storage tank and the pressure of the liquid hydrogen evaporation gas is relatively low, in order to reduce the pipe resistance, the cold screen 4 is set as a plurality of independent cold screen sub-units distributed circumferentially to facilitate the flow of the evaporation gas. Specifically, the length of the cold screen coil of each cold screen sub-unit should be determined according to the size of the storage tank, the gas phase pressure inside the inner tank, and the diameter of the cold screen coil, etc. The ultimate goal is to reduce the pipe resistance and facilitate the smooth entry of the evaporation gas into the evaporation gas recovery device.

[0052] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "preferred embodiment", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0053] Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the utility model. The scope of the utility model is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An atmospheric pressure storage tank for liquid hydrogen storage, characterized in that It includes an inner tank made of metal for containing cryogenic liquid hydrogen medium, an outer tank made of metal located outside the inner tank, an insulating interlayer for heat insulation located in the interlayer between the inner tank and the outer tank, and a cold shield provided in the insulating interlayer; The cold shield includes a cold shield coil made of metal material and coiled in the insulating interlayer. The inlet end of the cold shield coil is connected to the evaporation gas outlet of the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank, and the outlet end of the cold shield coil passes through the outer tank and extends outside the outer tank to be connected to an evaporation gas recovery device.

2. The atmospheric storage tank for liquid hydrogen storage according to claim 1, wherein The inner tank includes an inner bottom plate located at the bottom, a circular inner cylinder body circumferentially fixed to the inner bottom plate, and an inner arch top located at the top and circumferentially fixed to the upper end of the inner cylinder body; And / or the outer tank includes an outer bottom plate located at the bottom, a circular outer cylinder body circumferentially fixed to the outer bottom plate, and an outer arch top located at the top and circumferentially fixed to the upper end of the outer cylinder body; And / or the inner tank is made of austenitic stainless steel material, the outer tank is made of non-alloy steel or low-alloy steel or austenitic stainless steel material, and the cold shield coil is bent from seamless stainless steel pipes.

3. An atmospheric storage tank for liquid hydrogen storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner arch top adopts a ribbed or stiffened beam arch top structure. The welds between the top plates of the inner arch top, between the bearing rings, and between the top plate and the bearing ring are connected by butt welding. The ribbed plates or stiffened beams of the inner arch top are connected to the top plate by fillet welding; And / or the inner cylinder body adopts a structure with unequal wall thicknesses that increase sequentially from bottom to top, and inner cylinder body stiffeners are provided on the inner wall of the inner cylinder body; And / or the inner bottom plate adopts a pressure-bearing structure composed of a circular edge plate and a middle web plate, and all welds are connected by butt welding.

4. An atmospheric storage tank for liquid hydrogen storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer arch top adopts a ribbed or stiffened beam arch top structure. The top plates of the outer arch top are connected by lap welding, and the top plate of the outer arch top is connected to the ribbed plates or stiffened beams by fillet welding; And / or the outer cylinder body adopts a structure with unequal wall thicknesses that increase sequentially from bottom to top, and outer cylinder body stiffeners are provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder body; And / or the outer bottom plate adopts a pressure-bearing structure composed of a circular edge plate and a middle web plate. The welds between the edge plates are connected by butt welding, and the welds between the middle web plates and between the middle web plate and the edge plate are connected by lap welding.

5. An atmospheric pressure storage tank for liquid hydrogen storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer tank is fixedly installed on an elevated platform. A plurality of sets of inner anchor belts are circumferentially and spacedly fixed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder body. The lower ends of the inner anchor belts pass through the bottom of the insulating interlayer and the bottom of the outer tank and are anchored to the elevated platform; And / or a plurality of sets of outer anchor belts are circumferentially and spacedly fixed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder body, and the lower ends of the outer anchor belts are anchored to the elevated platform.

6. The atmospheric pressure storage tank for liquid hydrogen storage according to claim 1, wherein The insulating interlayer includes a top insulating interlayer fixed between the top of the inner tank and the top of the outer tank, a cylinder insulating interlayer fixed between the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body, and a bottom insulating interlayer fixed between the bottom of the inner tank and the bottom of the outer tank; And / or a slightly positive pressure dry helium gas is filled in the interlayer between the inner tank and the outer tank.

7. An atmospheric pressure storage tank for liquid hydrogen storage according to claim 6, characterized in that, The filling material of the top insulating interlayer is perlite. The cylinder insulating interlayer is a combined structure of perlite and elastic felt. The bottom insulating interlayer uses light foam glass or high-density polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride as the insulating material, and a compressive ring beam made of perlite concrete blocks is fixedly provided at the lower part of the inner cylinder body.

8. An atmospheric pressure storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The cold shield coil includes a top interlayer coil fixed in the adiabatic interlayer between the top of the inner tank and the top of the outer tank, a cylinder interlayer coil fixed in the adiabatic interlayer between the cylinder of the inner tank and the cylinder of the outer tank, and a bottom interlayer coil fixed in the adiabatic interlayer between the bottom of the inner tank and the bottom of the outer tank. The inlet end of the top interlayer coil is connected to the evaporation gas outlet of the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank, the outlet end of the top interlayer coil is connected to the inlet end of the cylinder interlayer coil, the outlet end of the cylinder interlayer coil is connected to the inlet end of the bottom interlayer coil, and the outlet end of the bottom interlayer coil extends through the outer tank to the outside of the outer tank and is connected to the evaporation gas recovery device.

9. An atmospheric storage tank for liquid hydrogen storage according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top interlayer coil is supported above the inner tank vault by a bracket fixed to the top of the inner tank, the cylinder interlayer coil is supported inside the outer tank cylinder by a bracket fixed to the outer tank cylinder, and the bottom interlayer coil is laid in the adiabatic interlayer between the bottom of the inner tank and the bottom of the outer tank.

10. An atmospheric pressure storage tank for liquid hydrogen storage according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The cold shield includes a plurality of cold shield coils distributed circumferentially. Each cold shield coil is an independent cold shield sub-unit, and a plurality of evaporation gas outlets corresponding to the inlet ends of the plurality of cold shield coils one by one are provided in the gas phase space at the top of the inner tank.

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